發(fā)動機(jī)的保養(yǎng)潤滑油的性能指標(biāo) 粘度和粘度指數(shù) 酸值和水溶性酸或堿(總酸值和強(qiáng)酸值) 抗乳化度 熱氧化安定性和抗氧化安定性 腐蝕度 總堿值 浮游性 抗泡沫性稠化潤滑油變熱時，這種潤滑油會太稀薄，不能提供足夠的潤滑。足夠的潤滑能力溫度上升夏天100°C冬天-15°C變冷時，這種潤滑油會太稠，使發(fā)動機(jī)起動困難，潤滑油流動困難。5040302020W15W10W5W粘度增加足夠的流動和起動能力注意：大多數(shù)發(fā)動機(jī)的潤滑油溫度在運(yùn)行時為80~100C。不過有些發(fā)動機(jī)的潤滑油溫度可以達(dá)到130~170C。

SAE15WSAE30SAE15W/30柴油機(jī)對潤滑油的要求粘度和粘溫性能。應(yīng)具有適宜的粘度，以保證油膜的建立。并要求它具有較好的粘溫持性，能在較寬的溫度范圍內(nèi)可靠地工作?？垢g性能?？垢g性能對軸承有重要意義?？垢g性差，可能引起軸承合金腐蝕或鉛錫和鉛銦等鍍層剝落。清凈分散劑。油品能使碳粒或各種顆粒油泥等分散成微小粒子并懸浮在油中，以便濾掉?？寡趸捕ㄐ院蜔嵫趸捕ㄐ院?。應(yīng)具有在較高溫度下抗氧化性能(冷卻活塞)，因曲軸箱油與空氣接觸機(jī)會多、易氧化變質(zhì)，要求抗氧化安定性好。通常，應(yīng)控制油溫不超過82℃，以降低氧化速度。高溫工作時的清凈性。在高溫下應(yīng)能保證各種沉淀物不粘附在機(jī)件上而應(yīng)懸浮在油中。足夠的堿性。要求能中和劣質(zhì)燃油燃燒后生成的硫酸。其它如抗乳化性能，抗泡沫性能，閃點(diǎn)等等，也應(yīng)符合使用要求。MineralOilBrandYisusedduringthisperiodCatDEOnowused

450+hourswithCatDEOComparableoxidationComparablewear250hourswithBrandYS.O.S發(fā)動機(jī)機(jī)油壓力(1)機(jī)油油道堵頭當(dāng)發(fā)動機(jī)處于運(yùn)行溫度下,在滿負(fù)荷轉(zhuǎn)速最小的機(jī)油壓力大約在345kPa(50psi).在低怠速下最小的機(jī)油壓力大約在140kPa(20psi).發(fā)動機(jī)機(jī)油壓力與轉(zhuǎn)速關(guān)系圖(Y)發(fā)動機(jī)機(jī)油壓力kPa(X)發(fā)動機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速(1)滯后(2)最小機(jī)油壓力機(jī)油消耗和竄氣發(fā)動機(jī)油底殼的容量發(fā)動機(jī)油底殼的容量包括機(jī)油濾芯.3508BEngine3512BEngineTable23512BEngineLubricationSystem

ApproximateRefillCapacities

CompartmentorSystem

Liters

USGallons

EngineCrankcase

(318L)

84USgal

3512BENGINETable13508BEngineLubricationSystem

ApproximateRefillCapacities

CompartmentorSystem

Liters

USGallons

EngineCrankcase

(227L)

60USgal

3508BENGINE發(fā)動機(jī)油底殼的容量發(fā)動機(jī)油底殼的容量包括機(jī)油濾芯.3508BEngine3512BEngine3516BENGINE3516BEngineTable33516BEngineLubricationSystem

ApproximateRefillCapacities

CompartmentorSystem

Liters

USGallons

EngineCrankcase

(405L)

107USgal

進(jìn)排氣阻力進(jìn)氣濾芯阻力不得超過6.25kPa(25.0inchesofH2O).排氣背壓不得超過5.0kPa(20inchesofH2O)冷卻系統(tǒng)保養(yǎng)檢查冷卻系統(tǒng)的工具冷卻液測試包8T5296紅外溫度計(jì)1U8865冷卻系統(tǒng)清洗液加壓泵冷卻液和蓄電池測試器5P3514目測檢查檢查冷卻液液位查找系統(tǒng)泄露檢查散熱器芯片有無彎曲檢查風(fēng)扇葉片是否損壞在發(fā)動機(jī)冷卻下來后,檢查水箱蓋檢查安全伐壓力在105to125kPa(15to18psi).檢查冷卻系統(tǒng)中的空氣或燃?xì)獠徽_的化學(xué)保護(hù)氣缸頭氣缸套旁通水管水泵節(jié)溫器機(jī)油冷卻器在缸套上形成水垢，產(chǎn)生熱點(diǎn)取暖器芯的堵塞減少了傳記至駕駛室的熱量水泵葉輪的腐蝕節(jié)溫器故障焊料腐蝕散熱器芯腐蝕散熱器淤塞凝膠體包在風(fēng)扇溫度傳感器上，導(dǎo)致過熱濕式缸套上嚴(yán)重的點(diǎn)蝕由于水垢使缸體加熱器加熱不足冷卻液起泡導(dǎo)致水泵氣蝕水泵密封損壞軟管變脆零件表面的腐蝕氣蝕的結(jié)果損壞–導(dǎo)致預(yù)燃室上的腐蝕氣缸套外表面上的點(diǎn)蝕生銹/腐蝕如果冷卻液中缺少添加劑，一般會發(fā)生銹蝕。在氣缸套外表面上的銹蝕水泵內(nèi)部生銹由于生銹和水垢，節(jié)溫器損壞添加劑的作用鑄鐵和鋼的防護(hù)鋁的防護(hù)銅和黃銅的防護(hù)焊錫的防護(hù)防止缸套外表面的點(diǎn)蝕控制水垢和沉淀物消去泡沫CatDEAC和SCA卡特彼勒柴油機(jī)用防凍冷卻液 —CatDieselEngineAntifreeze &Coolant(DEAC)在第一次加注時不需要再加添加劑（SCA）每工作250小時需要加注添加劑（SCA）使用添加劑測試包來測試添加劑濃度加注添加劑以維持6%的濃度S?O?SSM

冷卻液分析系統(tǒng)狀況報(bào)告和分析監(jiān)測:保養(yǎng)情況用途和操作情況即將發(fā)生的故障SOS系統(tǒng)的任務(wù):提前提出建議以減少運(yùn)行費(fèi)用冷凍液分析(一級)冷凍液分析(一級)是對包括下列項(xiàng)目的冷凍液的特性測試乙二醇濃度保護(hù)煮沸和冰凍防腐蝕能力pH–酸堿性導(dǎo)電性水的硬度視覺檢查氣味分析發(fā)動機(jī)冷卻系統(tǒng)容量3508BEngineTable43508BEngineGeneratorSet

ApproximateRefillCapacities

CompartmentorSystem

Liters

USGallons

EngineOnly

(103L)

27.2USgal

Radiator

(206L)

54.4USgal

Total

(309L)

81.6USgal

3508BENGINETable53512BEngine

50HzGeneratorSet

ApproximateRefillCapacities

CompartmentorSystem

Liters

USGallons

EngineOnly

(157L)

41.5USgal

Radiator

(244L)

64.5USgal

Total

(401L)

106USgal

3512BENGINE發(fā)動機(jī)冷卻系統(tǒng)容量3508BEngine3512BENGINETable63512BEngine

60HzGeneratorSet

ApproximateRefillCapacities

CompartmentorSystem

Liters

USGallons

EngineOnly

(157L)

41.5USgal

Radiator

(275L)

72.5USgal

Total

(432L)

114USgal

Table73516BEnginewithanAmbientCapabilityof

43°C(109°F)

50HzGeneratorSet

ApproximateRefillCapacities

CompartmentorSystem

Liters

USGallons

EngineOnly

(233L)

61.5USgal

Radiator

(275L)

72.5USgal

Total

(508L)

134USgal

3516BENGINE發(fā)動機(jī)冷卻系統(tǒng)容量3508BEngine3516BENGINETable83516BEnginewithanAmbientCapabilityof

50°C(122°F)

50HzGeneratorSet

ApproximateRefillCapacities

CompartmentorSystem

Liters

USGallons

EngineOnly

(233L)

61.5USgal

Radiator

(375L)

99.1USgal

Total

(608L)

160.6USgal

Table93516BEnginewithanAmbientCapabilityof

43°C(109°F)

60HzGeneratorSet

ApproximateRefillCapacities

CompartmentorSystem

Liters

USGallons

EngineOnly

(233L)

61.5USgal

Radiator

(330L)

87.2USgal

Total

(563L)

148.7USgal

3516BENGINE發(fā)動機(jī)冷卻系統(tǒng)容量3508BEngine3516BENGINETable103516BEnginewithanAmbientCapabilityof

50°C(122°F)

60HzGeneratorSet

ApproximateRefillCapacities

CompartmentorSystem

Liters

USGallons

EngineOnly

(233L)

61.5USgal

Radiator

(375L)

99.1USgal

Total

(608L)

160.6USgal

發(fā)動機(jī)高水溫

Hysteresis

5°C(9°F)

Securitylevel

Passwordrequired

Maximumderate

25%

Shutdownsetpoint

107°C(225°F)

Shutdowndelay

5seconds

Parameter

DefaultSetting

Warningsetpoint

102°C(216°F)

Warningdelay

5seconds

Deratesetpoint

107°C(225°F)

Deratedelay

30seconds

Maximumderatetime

480seconds

發(fā)動超速/進(jìn)氣阻力Parameter

DefaultSetting

Warningsetpoint

1.18?ratedrpm

Warningdelay

0seconds

Shutdownsetpoint

1.18?ratedrpm

Shutdowndelay

0seconds

Hysteresis

100rpm

Securitylevel

Passwordrequired

Parameter

DefaultSetting

Warningsetpoint

7kPa(1psi)

Warningdelay

5seconds

Deratesetpoint

7kPa(1psi)

Deratedelay

5seconds

Securitylevel

Passwordrequired

Derateper

1kPa(.15psi)

2%

Maximumrestriction

25kPa(3.6psi)

進(jìn)氣阻力

Parameter

DefaultSetting

Deratesetpoint

2Tspecification

Securitylevel

Passwordrequired

Derateper

305m(1000ft)ofaltitude

3%

Maximumderate

35%oftheratedpower

海拔高度Parameter

DefaultSetting

Warningsetpoint

2Tspecification

Warningdelay

5seconds

Deratesetpoint

2Tspecification

Deratedelay

5seconds

Deratestepdelay

15seconds

Hysteresis

10°C(18°F)

Securitylevel

Passwordrequired

Deratestep

2%perstep

排氣溫度海拔高度/排氣溫度機(jī)油/燃油濾芯壓差阻力Parameter

DefaultSetting

Warningsetpoint

105kPa(15psi)

Warningdelay

5seconds

Hysteresis

10kPa(1.5psi)

Securitylevel

Passwordnotrequired

Parameter

DefaultSetting

Warningsetpoint

105kPa(15psi)

Warningdelay

5seconds

Hysteresis

10kPa(1.5psi)

Securitylevel

Passwordnotrequired曲軸箱壓力Parameter

DefaultSetting

Warningsetpoint

2kPa(.3psi)

Warningdelay

3seconds

Deratesetpoint

6kPa(.9psi)

Deratedelay

10seconds

Maximumderatetime

480seconds

Hysteresis

0.25kPa(.036psi)

Securitylevel

Passwordrequired

Maximumderate

25%

Shutdownsetpoint

3.5kPa(.51psi)

Shutdowndelay

3seconds

空冷器冷卻劑溫度Parameter

DefaultSetting

WarningSetpoint

102°C(215°F)

Warningdelay

5seconds

Deratesetpoint

107°C(225°F)

Deratedelay

5seconds

Maximumderatetime

480seconds

Hysteresis

3°C(5.4°F)

Securitylevel