概括大意與完成句子C級(jí)（二1SuccessfulLanguageSomepeopleseemtohaveaknackforlearninglanguages.Theycanpickupnewvocabulary,masterrulesorgrammar,andlearntowriteinthenewlanguagemorequicklythanothers.Theydonotseemtobeanymoreinligentthanothers,sowhatmakeslanguagelearningsomucheasierforthem?Perhapsifwetakeacloselookatthesesuccessfullanguagelearners,wemaydiscoverafewofthetechniqueswhiakelanguagelearningeasierforthem.Firstofall,successfullanguagelearnersareindependentlearners.Theydonotdependonthebookortheteacher;theydiscovertheirownwaytolearnthelanguage.Insteadofwaitingfortheteachertoexplain,theytrytofindthepatternsandtherulesforthemselves.Theyaregoodguesserswholookforcluesandformtheirownconclusions.Whentheyguesswrong,theyguessagain.Theytrytolearnfrommistakes.Successfullanguagelearningisactivelearning.Therefore,successfullearnersdonotwaitforachancetousethelanguage;theylookforsuchachance.Theyfindpeoplewhospeakthelanguageandtheyaskthesepeopletocorrectthemwhentheymakeamistake.Theywilltryanythingtocommunicate.Theyarenotafraidtorepeatwhattheyhearortosaystrangethings;theyarewillingtomakemistakesandtryagain.Whencommunicationisdifficult,theycanacceptinformationthatisinexact plete.Itismoreimportantforthemtolearntothinkinthelanguagethantoknowthemeaningofeveryword.Finally,successfullanguagelearnersarelearnerswithapurpose.Theywanttolearnthelanguagebecausetheyareinterestedinthelanguageandthepeoplewhospeakit.Itisnecessaryforthemtolearnthelanguageinordertocommunicatewiththesepeopleandtolearnfromthem.Theyfinditeasytopracticeusingthelanguageregularlybecausetheywanttolearnwithit.WhatkindoflanguagelearnerareyouIfyouareasuccessfullanguagelearneryouhaveprobablybeenlearningindependently,actively,andpurposefully.Ontheotherhand,ifyourlanguagelearninghasbeenlessthansuccessful,youmightaswelltrysomeofthetechniquesoutlined（概要）above.Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph WaysWaystoLearnaLanguageLearningalanguageLearningLearningaLanguageLearningaLanguageLearningfromLearningtoThinkintheTargetSuccessfullanguagelearnersderiveconclusions Independentlanguagelearnersrelyonthemselves Activelanguagelearnersseizeeveryopportunity Theauthorwrotethis totodiscoversentencepatternsandgrammaticaltoexpandtousethetargettoencourageunsuccessfullanguagelearnerstolearnindependently，activelyandpurposefullyfromtosaystrange<1>、Paragraph A、WaystoLearnaLanguageSuccessfullyB、LearningalanguagePurposefullyC、LearningaLanguageD、LearningaLanguageIndependentlyE、LearningfromMistakesF、LearningtoThinkintheTarget<2>、Paragraph A、WaystoLearnaLanguageSuccessfullyB、LearningalanguagePurposefullyC、LearningaLanguageD、LearningaLanguageIndependentlyE、LearningfromMistakesF、LearningtoThinkintheTarget<3>、Paragraph A、WaystoLearnaLanguageSuccessfullyB、LearningalanguagePurposefullyC、LearningaLanguageD、LearningaLanguageIndependentlyE、LearningfromMistakesF、LearningtoThinkintheTarget<4>、Paragraph A、WaystoLearnaLanguageSuccessfullyB、LearningalanguagePurposefullyC、LearningaLanguageD、LearningaLanguageIndependentlyE、LearningfromMistakesF、LearningtoThinkintheTarget<5>、Successfullanguagelearnersderiveconclusions A、todiscoversentencepatternsandgrammaticalrulesB、toexpandC、tousethetargetD、toencourageunsuccessfullanguagelearnerstolearnindependently，activelyandE、fromF、tosaystrange<6>、Independentlanguagelearnersrelyonthemselves A、todiscoversentencepatternsandgrammaticalrulesB、toexpandC、tousethetargetD、toencourageunsuccessfullanguagelearnerstolearnindependently，activelyandE、fromF、tosaystrange<7>、Activelanguagelearnersseizeeveryopportunity A、todiscoversentencepatternsandgrammaticalrulesB、toexpandC、tousethetargetD、toencourageunsuccessfullanguagelearnerstolearnindependently，activelyandE、fromF、tosaystrange<8>、Theauthorwrotethistext A、todiscoversentencepatternsandgrammaticalrulesB、toexpandvocabularyC、tousethetargetD、toencourageunsuccessfullanguagelearnerstolearnindependently，activelyandE、fromF、tosaystrangethingsTheworld'spopulationcontinuestogrow.Therenowareabout5billionofusonearth.Thefigurecouldreach6billionbytheendofthecenturyand11billioninanother75years.Expertshavelongbeenconcernedaboutsuchagrowth.Wherewillwefindthefood,water,jobs,houses,schoolsandhealthcareforallthesepeople?Amajornewstudyshowsthatthesituationmaybechanging.Alargeandrapiddropintheworld'sbirthratehastakenplaceduringthepast10years.Familiesgenerallyaresmallernowthantheywereafewyearsago.Itishappeninginbothdeveloandindustrialnations.Researcherssaidtheyfoundanumberofreasonsforthis.Moremenandwomenarewaitinglongertogetmarriedandareusingbirthcontroldevicesandmethodstopreventordelay（延遲）pregnancy（懷孕）Morewomenaregoingtoschoolorworkingatjobsawayhomeinsteadofhavingchildren.Andmoreernments,especiallyindevelonations,nowsupportfamilyplanningprogramstoreducepopulationgrowth.Chinaisoneofthenationsthathavemadegreatprogressinreducingitspopulationgrowth.Chinahasalreadycutitsrateofpopulationgrowthbyaboutonehalfsince1970.EachChinesefamilyisnowurgedtohavenomorethanonechild.Andthehopeistoreachazeropopulationgrowthwiththetotalnumberofbirthsequalingthetotalnumberofdeaths,bytheyear2000.SeveralnationsinEuropealreadyhavefewerbirthsthandeaths.Expertssaidthatthesenationscouldfaceaseriousshortageofworkersinthefuture.Andtheswhoareworkingcouldfacemuchhighertaxestohelpsupportthegrowingnumberofretiredpeople.Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph TheThesituationinFewerpopulationinGrowingpopulationintheNewReasonsforlowerbirthFamilyplanningInthefuture,Europeanswillhavetopay Dropinbirthrateis Nowmenandwomenget Familiesgenerallyare thanhigheraroundtheatamuchlaterlower<1>、Paragraph1 A、ThesituationinChinaB、FewerpopulationinC、GrowingpopulationintheworldD、NewsituationE、ReasonsforlowerbirthrateF、Familyplanningprogram<2>、Paragraph3 A、ThesituationinChinaB、FewerpopulationinC、GrowingpopulationintheworldD、NewsituationE、ReasonsforlowerbirthrateF、Familyplanningprogram<3>、Paragraph A、ThesituationinB、FewerpopulationinC、GrowingpopulationintheworldD、NewsituationE、ReasonsforlowerbirthrateF、Familyplanningprogram<4>、Paragraph A、ThesituationinB、FewerpopulationinC、GrowingpopulationintheworldD、NewsituationE、ReasonsforlowerbirthrateF、Familyplanningprogram<5>、Inthefuture,Europeanswillhavetopay C、higherD、aroundtheE、atamuchlaterF、lower<6>、Dropinbirthrateishappening C、higherD、aroundtheE、atamuchlatertimeF、lowertaxes<7>、Nowmenandwomengetmarried C、higherD、aroundtheE、atamuchlatertimeF、lowertaxes<8>、Familiesgenerallyare thanbefore.C、higherD、aroundtheE、atamuchlatertimeF、lowertaxes3Singaporeisanindependentcity-stateinsoutheasternAsia,consistingofonemajor-theSingaporeisland-andmorethan50smallislands,locatedoffthesoutherntipofMalay.ThecityofSingapore,thecapitalofthecountry,isatthesoutheasternendoftheSingaporeIsland;itisoneofthemostimportantportcities mercialcentersofSoutheastAsia.Thetotalareaoftherepublicis640sq.km.Low-lyingSingaporeIslandhasnooutstandingrelief（輪廓鮮明的）features.Acentralareaofhillsrisestotheumheightof176m.Thecountryhasawettropicalclimate,withaageannualtemperatureof27.20°C.Theaverageannualrainfallis2.413mm,thewettestmonthsareNovemberthroughJanuary.Singaporeis ernedunderaconstitutionof1959.A,electedtoafour-yearterm,isheadofstate,andaprimeministerisheadof ernment.TheusedtobeselectedbyParliament,butby1991constitutionalamendment（）,theisnowelecteddirectlybythepeople.TheParliamentisthelaw-makingbodywithits81memberspopularlyelected.Inthelate1980sthecountryhadsome290primaryschoolswith278,300pupilsand160secondaryschoolswith200,200students.ThemaininstitutionsofhighereducationaretheNationalUniversityofSingapore,severaltechnicalcolleges,andateacherscollege.SingaporehasoneofthehigheststandardsoflivingofanycountryinAsia.Inthelate1980sthegrossdomesticproductwasestimatedat23.7billion,or8,870per ThefishingindustryiscenteredontheportofsouthwesternSingaporeIslandIndustryhasgrownrapidlysincethe1960s,andSingaporenowproducesadiversity（多樣化的）ofgoods,includingchemicals,electronicitems,clothing,andprocessedfoods,etc.Shipbuildingandpetroleumrefiningarealsoimportant.Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph LandandStateNaturalSingaporeisasmallstateinthesoutheastofAsia AccordingtotheconstitutionofSingapore,theofthestateis ComparedwithpeopleinotherAsiancountries,theSingapore Thoughsmall,Singaporehasanindustryofitsownandcan liveliveabettermadeupofmorethan50havemorenotbytheParliament,butbytheproducegoodsofvarioushaveabig<1>、Paragraph2 B、LandandC、StateD、NaturalResourcesF、<2>、Paragraph3 B、LandandClimateC、StateSystemD、NaturalResourcesF、<3>、Paragraph4 B、LandandClimateC、StateSystemD、NaturalResourcesF、<4>、Paragraph5 B、LandandClimateC、StateSystemD、NaturalResourcesF、<5>、SingaporeisasmallstateinthesoutheastofAsia A、liveabetterlifeB、madeupofmorethan50islandsC、havemorefarmlandD、notbytheParliamentbutbythepeopleE、producegoodsofvariouskindsF、haveabig<6>、AccordingtotheconstitutionofSingapore,theofthestateis A、liveabetterB、madeupofmorethan50islandsC、havemorefarmlandD、notbytheParliamentbutbythepeopleE、producegoodsofvariouskindsF、haveabig<7>、ComparedwithpeopleinotherAsiancountries,theSingapore A、liveabetterlifeB、madeupofmorethan50islandsC、havemorefarmlandD、notbytheParliamentbutbythepeopleE、producegoodsofvariouskindsF、haveabig<8>、Thoughsmall,Singaporehasanindustryofitsownandcan A、liveabetterlifeB、madeupofmorethan50islandsC、havemorefarmlandD、notbytheParliamentbutbythepeopleE、producegoodsofvariouskindsF、haveabig1<1>第一段段首句的含義為“一些人好像有學(xué)的訣竅?！痹倏丛摱蔚淖詈笠痪?，這一句是說(shuō)“我們可能會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)使他們學(xué)容易的技巧”。所以據(jù)此判斷該段的標(biāo)題中應(yīng)包含有“技巧，訣竅”這類詞。A合適：way的語(yǔ)義是“方法”，而“方法”與“技巧，訣竅”是近義詞。A句的含義為“成功地學(xué)好語(yǔ)言的方法”，此句義與該段最后一句的含義吻合。因此，A是合適【答疑編 <2>theirownway（自己的方法）find…forthemselves（自己尋找）這樣的短語(yǔ)，所以據(jù)此判斷該段的標(biāo)題中應(yīng)與“自己或獨(dú)立”D