必修5

Unit1Greatscientists

漫畫(huà)欣賞畫(huà)面描述Thereisawoodenbarrelconstructedwithanumberofboardsofdifferentlengths.Somewaterisleakingoutfromtheedgeoftheshortestboard.寓意理解

Inteamwork，itisalwaystheleastcapablememberwhoholdsbackthewholeprogressoftheteam.Soonlybyworkingtogetherandalsohelpingtheshortest“board”canateamperformbetter.你能否對(duì)此加以擴(kuò)展，寫(xiě)一篇120詞左右的小短文？短文填空根據(jù)課文JohnSnowDefeats“KingCholera”完成下列短文。JohnSnow，awell-knowndoctorinLondon，became_______(inspire)whenhethoughtabouthelpingordinarypeoplewho___________(expose)tocholera，a______(die)diseaseofitsday.Manythousandsofpeopledied____timetherewasanoutbreakbecausenooneknewthecauseofit.Johnwantedtohelpsolvetheproblem.Hegotinterestedintwotheories_________(explain)howcholerakilledpeople.Hebelievedinthesecondtheory____suggestedthatpeople________(absorb)thediseasewiththeirmeals.In1854，inspiredwereexposeddeadlyeveryexplainingthatabsorbedwhenanother________hitLondon，hewasreadytotestthetwotheories.____thehelpofthemaphemade，hegotavaluableclueaboutthecauseofthediseaseandwasabletoannouncethatthewaterwas________(blame)．

outbreakWithtoblameⅠ.單詞拼寫(xiě)

1．Afterethepatient，thedoctoradvisedhimtohaveagoodrest.2．Don’t______(暴露)yourskintodirectsunlight.3．Movingtothecountrycheroftheillness.4．Wekeptonpwateroutoftheshiptopreventitfromsinking.5．Onhearingthenews，hewentbackhome___________(立即)．

xamininguredexposeumpingimmediately6．ThenewswasatothepubliconTV.7．Asayoungman，hewasswithhimselfineverything，whichledtohislatersuccess.8．Don’tbetooupset.Trytohavea________(積極的)attitudetoeverything.9．Be________(小心的)whiledrivingastheroadisfrozen.10．Sadlyourteamwasdbytheirsby10points.nnouncedtrictpositivecautiousefeatedⅡ.短語(yǔ)填空1．Ablackcarcutinaheadofme，forcingmeto_________.2．Withoutplentyofwater，youwilleasily_____thirstinthedesert.3．Thisessayisquitegood__________acoupleofspellingmistakes.4．Thereisnodoubtthatstresscan______physicalillness.

slowdowndieofapartfromleadto5．Idon’tthinkit___________tofocusonlyonprovidingbasicservices.6．Iwrotealetterofcomplaint，andtheairlinehaspromisedto________thematter.7．Andrewcanbeverybad-tempered_______eventhoughheisfriendlyingeneral.8．Anewapproachtoteachinglanguageswas___________atthemeetinglastweek.9．Thesecolorswillnotlastifthey____________thesun.10．Scientistsnow___certaintypesofcancer__theamountofjunkfoodthatpeopleeat.makessenselookintoattimesputforwardareexposedtolinktoⅢ.完成句子1．_________________________(隨著疾病的快速傳播)，JohnSnowbegantogathertheinformation.2．__________(此外)，hefoundtwootherdeathsinanotherpartofLondon.(addition)3．Somanythousandsofterrifiedpeopledied_____________________________(每次爆發(fā)時(shí))．(time)

AsthediseasespreadquicklyInadditioneverytimetherewasanoutbreakⅣ.模仿造句1．Itseemedthatthewaterwastoblame.[翻譯]我不知道該怪誰(shuí)。A____________________________________________2．Awomanlikedthewaterfromthepumpsomuchthatshe

haditdeliveredtoherhouseeveryday.[翻譯]我剛才請(qǐng)人把機(jī)器修好了。__________________________________________3．Onlyifyouputthesuntheredidthemovementsoftheother

planetsintheskymakesense.[翻譯]我只有找到了工作才有足夠的錢(qián)上學(xué)。___________________________________________________Wedon’tknowwhoistoblame.Ihadthemachinemendedjustnow.OnlyifIgetajobwillIhaveenoughmoneytogotoschool.4．TheybelievedGodhadmadetheworldandtheearthmustbethecentreofthesolarsystem.[翻譯]那那不是解決決問(wèn)題的唯唯一辦法，，肯定有另另外的辦法法。___________________________________________________________________5．Heplacedafixedsunatthecentreofthesolarsystemwiththeplanetsgoingroundit.[翻譯]在在亞洲的某某些地方，，你坐著時(shí)時(shí)你的腳不不能朝向別別人。_________________________________________________________________Thatcan’’tbetheonlyway.Theremustbeotherwaysofsolvingtheproblem.Inpartsofanotherperson.核心詞匯梳梳理1．a(chǎn)ttendvt.到場(chǎng)；出席席；參加；；看護(hù)；照照顧搭配配attend(on/upon)sb.看護(hù)護(hù)；；照照顧顧attendto處理理；；傾傾聽(tīng)聽(tīng)；；專專心心于于；；照照料料；；接接待待(1)只只有有他他姐姐姐姐照照顧顧他他。。Therewasnooneto______________buthissister.(2)我我有有一一些些急急事事要要處處理理。。Ihavesomeurgentbusinessto_________.attend(on)himattendto識(shí)記記attendschool去去上上學(xué)學(xué)attendchurch去去做做禮禮拜拜attendameeting參參加加會(huì)會(huì)議議attendone’’sclass聽(tīng)聽(tīng)課課(3)溫溫家家寶寶總總理理參參加加了了2009年年的的哥哥本本哈哈根根氣氣候候峰峰會(huì)會(huì)。。PremierWenJiabao________CopenhagenClimateSummitin2009.attended2．concludevt.&vi.結(jié)束；推推斷出；；決定搭配concludesth.from

拓展cometo/draw/reachaconclusion得出結(jié)論inconclusion總之，最后(＝finally)說(shuō)出下列句子中劃線部分的意思。(1)Whatcanyouconclude_fromthesefacts?(2)Sheconcludedhertalkwithafunnystory.(3)Weconcludedtogoout/thatwewouldgoout.(4)Whenheranawayfromme，Iconcludedhewasafraid.

答案：(1)從……中得出結(jié)論(2)以……結(jié)束(3)決定(4)斷定3.defeatvt.打??；戰(zhàn)戰(zhàn)勝；使使受挫n．失敗辨析defeat，，beat&windefeat與beat同義義，表示示“擊敗敗對(duì)方”，賓賓語(yǔ)為參參賽者或或競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者者，如sb.或或ateam；而win則則表示“贏贏得比賽賽、戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)爭(zhēng)或某些些獎(jiǎng)賞或或榮譽(yù)””，賓語(yǔ)語(yǔ)為game,match，prize等，，不能接接人。用defeat，beat或或win填空。。(1)Class4____________Class12inthefootballmatchyesterday.(2)TheU．S.A.____theIraqWarbutlostthenationalpopularity(國(guó)家家聲望)．defeated/beatwon4．exposevt.使暴露于于；使接接觸到；；揭發(fā)；；使膠片片曝光Don’’texposethefilmtolight.不要把把膠卷曝曝光。Theteacherstrytoexposestudentstogoodartandmusic.老師盡力力使學(xué)生生接觸美美好的藝藝術(shù)和音音樂(lè)。搭配beexposedto＝exposeoneselfto暴露于………之下下提示expose還還可意為為“揭露露”完成句子子(1)Theyconsideritalmostacrimeto_______(使接觸觸到)childrentoviolenceandsexonTV.(2)___________________________________(暴露在在陽(yáng)光下很長(zhǎng)時(shí)時(shí)間)willdoharmtoyourskin.exposeBeingexposedtothesunforalongtime5.curevt.&n.治療；治治愈Ihopethedoctorcancurethepaininmyshoulder.我希望醫(yī)生生能治好我我肩上的疼疼痛。搭配cureShetriedeverymeanstocureherchildofthebadhabit.她想盡一切辦法試圖改掉她孩子的這個(gè)惡習(xí)。

辨析treat強(qiáng)調(diào)治療過(guò)程，不強(qiáng)調(diào)后果。

cure強(qiáng)調(diào)后果，有“治愈”之意。用treat/cure填空(1)Whichdoctorisgoingto____himforhisillness?(2)Thisnewmedicinesoon_____mycold.(3)WhenIlefthospital____________________(我完全痊愈了)．(4)Thisjob________________________(將會(huì)治好他的懶病)．

treatcuredIwascompletelycuredwillcurehimofhislaziness6．suspectvt.懷疑；猜疑疑句型suspectsb.of(doing)sth.懷疑某人人做了某事事suspectsb.tobe...疑心心某人是………suspectthat...疑心心……(1)我疑疑心他是個(gè)個(gè)賊。Isuspecthim___________.(2)我開(kāi)開(kāi)始覺(jué)察出出，他們?cè)囋噲D擺脫掉掉我。Ibeganto___________theyweretryingtogetridofme.(3)皮爾爾徹被懷疑疑是間諜。。Pilcherwas________________aspy.(4)人們們懷疑這種種藥物造成成200多多人死亡。。Thedrugissuspectedof____________________.tobeathiefsuspectthatsuspectedofbeingcausingover200deaths7．blamevt.責(zé)備；譴責(zé)責(zé)；歸咎于于n．責(zé)怪；(過(guò)過(guò)錯(cuò)、失敗敗等)責(zé)任搭配betoblame應(yīng)應(yīng)受責(zé)備bearthetaketheblame負(fù)過(guò)失的責(zé)任blamesb.forsth.因某事責(zé)備某人blamesth.onsb.把……怪到……頭上；把某事的責(zé)任歸咎于某人(1)她沒(méi)把她父親的死歸罪于任何人。Shedoesn’t_____anyone___herfather’sdeath.(2)出了事不能怪你。You______________forwhathappened.(3)我們?cè)敢鉃樗l(fā)生的事情承擔(dān)責(zé)任。Wewerereadyto_____________forwhathadhappened.blameforarenottoblametaketheblame8.pollutevt.污染；弄臟臟派生pollutedadj.受污染的pollutern．污染者，，常指發(fā)出出污染的地地方，如工工廠pollutionn．污染用pollute的的適當(dāng)形式式填空。(1)Wecan’tdrinkthe________water.(2)Nowadays，somethingmustbedonetoreduceair________.(3)The_______thathas________theriverisachemicalfactory.pollutedpollutionpolluterpolluted9．handlen.柄；把手vt.處理；管理；；操縱；觸摸摸理解說(shuō)出下列句子子中handle的意思思。(1)Youcan’’tusethehammerbecauseitshandleisloose.(2)MissGaoWeipingcanhandleherclasswell.(3)Mr.Lincanhandlecomplexmachine.

答案：(1)柄(2)管理(3)操縱10.linkvt.&vi.連接；聯(lián)系搭配link...to...把……和………聯(lián)系起來(lái)linkup連接；會(huì)會(huì)合根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思思完成英語(yǔ)句句子。(1)我們學(xué)學(xué)校與一些重重點(diǎn)中學(xué)有密密切聯(lián)系。Ourschool_________________anumberofkeymiddleschools.(2)這淺淺淺的海峽把大大陸和臺(tái)灣聯(lián)聯(lián)系起來(lái)。Theshallowstrait___________________________.(3)我們將將在北京與史史密斯一家會(huì)會(huì)合。Wewill____________________inBeijing.hascloselinkswithlinksthemainlandtoTaiwanlinkupwiththeSmiths11.announcev.宣布；通告搭配announcesth.tosb.向某人通報(bào)/宣布某事announcetosb.that...向某人人通報(bào)/宣布布某事派生announcementn．宣布，宣告告，通告根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思思完成英語(yǔ)句句子。(1)我要向向世人宣告我我的目標(biāo)(goal)。。Iwillannounce___________________.(2)我有件件重要事情要要宣布。I’vegotanimportant_____________________.mygoaltotheworldannouncementtomake12.contributev.捐贈(zèng)；貢獻(xiàn)；；投稿；有助助于Idon’’tthinkit’sdifficultforeveryonetocontribute.我想人人都出出一份力是不不難的。Manycountriescontributedfoodandclothestorefugees.許多國(guó)家都向向難民們提供供了食品和衣衣物。搭配contribute...to...把……貢獻(xiàn)獻(xiàn)/捐獻(xiàn)/提提供給……；；把……投給……contributeto有助于……；；導(dǎo)致(1)那位作作家親自捐贈(zèng)贈(zèng)了5000英鎊給地地震基金。Thewriterpersonally__________￡5,000__theEarthquakeFund.(2)我投了了幾首詩(shī)給一一本文學(xué)雜志志。I__________severalpoems__aliterarymagazine.(3)此書(shū)對(duì)對(duì)我們了解這這門(mén)學(xué)科無(wú)所所助益。Thisbook________________ourunderstandingofthesubject.contributedtocontributedtocontributeslittleto派生contributionn.makeacontributionto為………做出貢獻(xiàn)13.absorbv.吸取(光，液液體等)；全全神貫注Cottonglovesabsorbsweat.棉手套吸吸汗。Theoldmanwasabsorbedinthebook.老人全神神貫注地讀著書(shū)。搭配o...吸收入………之內(nèi)……beabsorbedin＝putone’sheartinto集集中注意力于于……，全神貫注于………。同義詞詞還有belostin，，devote...to，fixone’’sattentionon，，focus...on，concentrate...on等。absorb＋n.吸收……；；理解(知識(shí)識(shí)等)，如：absorbknowledge吸收知知識(shí)。完成句子(1)Aspirin________________(很快快吸收)by/intothebody.(2)Thesurroundingvillages_________________(已被并入入)by/intothegrowingcities.(3)WhenIcamein，IfoundRosesittingatherdesk，，___________________(埋頭讀書(shū))．(4)Thecompanyhasgradually________________________(逐逐步地地吞吞并并了了那那些些小小一一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)的的公公司司)．．(5)Ineverknowthereisanynoisquicklyabsorbedhavebeenabsorbedabsorbedinherbookabsorbedthosesmalleronesastoabsorbhim重點(diǎn)點(diǎn)短短語(yǔ)語(yǔ)例例釋釋1．．putforward提出出；；建建議議；；推推薦薦Hehadnodesiretoputforwardhisplan.他不不想想提提出出他他的的計(jì)計(jì)劃劃。。聯(lián)想想putup舉起起putaside放放在在一一邊邊；；存存儲(chǔ)儲(chǔ)puton穿穿上上；；上上演演；；假假裝裝，，偽偽稱稱putatease使使安安心心，，使使不不拘拘束束putout熄滅滅putupwith容容忍，，忍受受putoff推遲遲putaway存存放，，存蓄蓄，打打消(想法法)putdown放放下，，鎮(zhèn)壓壓用put短短語(yǔ)填填空(1)Mymothersimply___________her.(2)We______forthenightattheGrandHotel.(3)He_______thelightandwentout.(4)Maryisn’treallysick；sheisonly_________.(5)Ihadto_______theappointmentwithmygirl--friendduetotheaccident.putupwithputupputoutputtingonputoff2．a(chǎn)partfrom除了………；；除了了………(還還有)Apartfromsomespellingmistakes，thecompositionisfairlygood.除了有有些語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)錯(cuò)誤外外，這這篇作作文還還很不不錯(cuò)。。

提示apartfrom后跟名詞或動(dòng)名詞，其同義詞為besides，except或exceptfor。

拓展besides除……之外(還有，包括在內(nèi))except除了……之外(不包括在內(nèi))exceptfor除……之外，只是exceptthat(what/when/where...)除了……inadditionto...除了……；除了……(還有)用適當(dāng)當(dāng)?shù)慕榻樵~或或副詞詞填空空(1)Suchadictionarywouldbeausefuladdition___mycollection.(2)__additiontogivingageneralintroductiontocomputers，，thecoursealsoprovidespracticalexperience.(3)Tomplaysfootball__wellas，，ifnotbetterthan，Peter.toInas3．leadto通向；導(dǎo)致致；招致Thisbridgeleadstotheisland.這這座橋通往往那個(gè)島。。Smokingcigarettesleadstolungcancer.吸吸煙會(huì)引起起肺癌。提示此短語(yǔ)中的to是是介詞，后后面可接動(dòng)動(dòng)名詞。熬夜太晚導(dǎo)導(dǎo)致他來(lái)晚晚了。Stayinguptool

鏈接bringabout導(dǎo)致；引起bringon導(dǎo)致resultin引起；導(dǎo)致hisbeinglate疑難語(yǔ)句細(xì)細(xì)解1.Asthediseasespreadquicklythroughpoorneighbourhoods，hebegantogathertheinformation.隨著霍亂在在貧民區(qū)的的迅速蔓延，他開(kāi)開(kāi)始收集這這方面的資資料。點(diǎn)撥as作連詞詞時(shí)，有““隨著”之之意，表示示發(fā)展變化化狀況。Asthesunsinkslower，shadowsspreadacrossthecourtyard.隨著太陽(yáng)陽(yáng)漸漸落落下，影影子也擴(kuò)擴(kuò)散到整整個(gè)院落落。(1)隨隨著時(shí)間間的流逝逝，愛(ài)因因斯坦的的理論被被證明是是正確的的。______________，Einstein’stheoryprovedtobecorrect.(2)隨隨著人的的生長(zhǎng)發(fā)發(fā)育，兩兩個(gè)腦半半球就變變得不同同。_______________，，bothsidesofhisbrainbecomedifferent.AstimewentonAsonegrowsold拓展介詞with也也可譯為為“隨著著”，但但后面要要接名詞詞或動(dòng)名名詞。(3)隨隨著這一一天的過(guò)過(guò)去，天天氣也愈愈來(lái)愈____________________，theweathergotworse.(4)隨著冬天的接近，天氣變得更冷了。_________________________，theweathercamecolder.WiththedaygoingonWiththeapproachofwinter2．Onlyifyouputthesuntheredidthemovementsoftheotherplanetsintheskymakesense.只只有當(dāng)你你把太陽(yáng)陽(yáng)放在中中心位置置上，天空空中其他他行星的的運(yùn)動(dòng)才才能說(shuō)得得清楚。。點(diǎn)撥only后接接if/when從句、、介詞短語(yǔ)或或副詞then等并并且置于句首首時(shí)，句子要要用部分倒裝裝。Onlyifthecaseisurgentshouldyoucalloutthedoctorinthemiddl只有患者情況緊急時(shí)，你才可以在半夜叫醫(yī)生看病。OnlyifIgetajobwillIhaveenoughmoneytogotoschool.我只有找到工作才有足夠的錢(qián)上學(xué)。

拓展onlyif只有onlyif可視為if的加強(qiáng)說(shuō)法，即其中的only是修飾if從句的，其意為“只有在……條件下”。如：I’lltellyou，butonlyifyoudon’ttellanyoneelse.我可以告訴你你，但條件是是你不能告訴訴其他任何人人。(1)只有通通過(guò)這種方式式你才能解決決問(wèn)題。_______________________________________(2)只有那那時(shí)我才意識(shí)識(shí)到錯(cuò)了。_______________________________(3)你必須須把賬單送到到我住的地方方，我才愿意意償付。I’llacceptthebill______yousendittomyhomeaddress.(4)我告訴訴他，只有努努力才能成功功。Itoldhimhewouldsucceed__________________.Onlyinthiswaycanyousolvetheproblem.OnlythendidIrealizemymistake.onlyifonlyifhetriedhard寫(xiě)作句式日積積月累表示原因(1)Therearethreereasonsforthis...(2)Thereasonsforthiscanbelistedasfollows.(3)Thereasonforthisisobvious.(4)Thereasonforthisisthat...(5)We(6)Theanswertothisprobleminvolvesmanyfactors.以下短語(yǔ)也常常用來(lái)表示原原因，你能用用它們分別造造一個(gè)表示原因的句子嗎？(7)accountfor______________________________________(8)contributeto_______________