初中英八大時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)及法詳英語(yǔ)八大態(tài)：1般在時(shí)標(biāo)志：動(dòng)原形1.表示?；蛄?xí)慣動(dòng)作常與表度的間狀語(yǔ)用：SheoftenspeaksEnglish.Ileavehomeforschoolat7everymorning.2.表示在狀態(tài)、征、業(yè)、能、感等：Heseemstofeelabittoday.Heworksasadriver.3.表真理、客觀在、學(xué)事實(shí)用于言警句：ShanghaitheeastChina.ColumbusprovedthattheearthisWherethereisawill,thereisaway.4.表示在間的動(dòng)：Herecomesthebus!5.表將來(lái)1)表按定計(jì)劃、排將發(fā)生的作（限于某表示來(lái)、去動(dòng)、、開(kāi)始結(jié)束、續(xù)”的趨向詞）可以與示未的時(shí)間語(yǔ)搭使用。見(jiàn)的用法：飛機(jī)火車(chē)輪船、車(chē)等期定點(diǎn)行的通狀況如：Thetrainleavesat3’clockafternoon.Howoftendoestheshuttlebusrun?2)在時(shí)和件狀語(yǔ)句中使用一現(xiàn)在表示將發(fā)生事情：Whencomes不willcome),askhimtowaitforme.Ishallgotheretomorrowunless’mtoobusy.2般去時(shí)標(biāo)志動(dòng)詞過(guò)式*閉音：元字母a,e,i,o,如果發(fā)字母來(lái)的則稱為音節(jié)否則稱閉音。1.表示去時(shí)所發(fā)的動(dòng)或存在狀態(tài)表過(guò)去的間狀連e.g.yesterday,thismorning,justnow,aago,inMay,lastnight/year/week,uponatime,theotherday,before…when…inthe）。如：Jimyoujustnow.LiuwasAmericalastyear.2.表示去常或反發(fā)生動(dòng)作，別是useddo表達(dá)句型本身表的就過(guò)去常。如WhenIwasaIoftenplayedfootballinthestreet.Shetovisithermotheronceaweek.*注意分sb.usedtodo（某過(guò)去常做某，此處to是動(dòng)不定標(biāo)志號(hào)）和sb.tosth./doingsth.（某人慣于/做事，處to是介）。3.代替般在時(shí)，示一婉轉(zhuǎn)、氣、貌、商的語(yǔ)。此用僅適于少數(shù)詞（如want,hope,think,等及情動(dòng)詞could,would。如：Iwonderedifyoucouldhaveawordwithme.IhopedyoucouldhelpmewithmyEnglish.Wouldyoumindmysittinghere?4.虛語(yǔ)氣中用一過(guò)去表示現(xiàn)或?qū)r(shí)間的作或態(tài)。常句型：Itisthatsb.did“某人做事了”wouldrathersb.didsth.“愿某人做某”3般來(lái)時(shí)標(biāo)志：willshall+動(dòng)詞原形1.表示來(lái)生的動(dòng)或存的狀態(tài)通常表示將的時(shí)狀語(yǔ)連e.g.tomorrow,week,inthe等）。：Weshallhavealotofrainnextmonth.Myhusbandwillcomebackinfewdays.2.表傾向性和習(xí)性：Fishdiewater.Whenitwarmer,thestarttomelt.3.一將來(lái)時(shí)的幾句式構(gòu)辨析1)/shall動(dòng)原形多用表達(dá)主愿望必定會(huì)生的情（“會(huì)如”）*shall助動(dòng)時(shí)一只用于一人2)begoingto動(dòng)原形表示將發(fā)生打算做的事Itisgoingtorain.Wearegoingtohavemeetingtoday.3)beto+動(dòng)詞形表示計(jì)劃或排即要發(fā)生動(dòng)作HeistovisitJapannextyear.WearetodiscussthereportMonday.4)beaboutto+動(dòng)原形表示將發(fā)生動(dòng)作意為“上要某事”后面般不跟間狀，如：Theplaneisabouttostart.Don’worry.Iamabouttomakeacloseexaminationon4在行時(shí)標(biāo)志：+動(dòng)詞的在分詞1.表說(shuō)話時(shí)正在行的作：Sheiswritingaletterupstairs.Whoarewaitingfor?Itisraininghard.2.表現(xiàn)階段一直進(jìn)行動(dòng)作（話時(shí)作未必在進(jìn)）：IMr.Greeniswritinganothernovel.3.表反復(fù)出現(xiàn)或慣性動(dòng)作，往包說(shuō)話者揚(yáng)、備、厭等情，通常always,constantly,continually,forever等度副詞連用如：Johnisforeveraskingsillyquestionslikeastupid.Heisalwaysthinkingothersfirst.4.表示來(lái)1)表按計(jì)劃、安將要生的動(dòng)，僅用于部趨向詞（如go,come,leave,start,arrive等）。：Uncleiscoming.They'releavingforBeijing.2)在間和條件狀從句，現(xiàn)在行時(shí)示將來(lái)時(shí)正發(fā)生的情。：Pleaseinwhenyouarepassingmyway.Ifheisstillsleeping,’him5去行時(shí)標(biāo)志：was/+詞的現(xiàn)分詞1.表過(guò)去某一時(shí)或一時(shí)間正進(jìn)行動(dòng)作進(jìn)行中常的時(shí)間語(yǔ)有thewholemorning,alldayyesterday,fromJanuarytoMarchlast等。：IwasatalkwithLucyatthattime.TheywatchingTVnight.2.表過(guò)去反復(fù)出或習(xí)性的動(dòng)，往包含說(shuō)者贊、責(zé)備厭惡情緒，常與always,constantly,continually,forever等度副詞用。：Mybrotherwaslosinghiskeys.3.表按計(jì)劃、安過(guò)去時(shí)刻將發(fā)生動(dòng)作，適用部分趨動(dòng)詞如go,come,leave,start,arrive等。如：HewereleavingforBeijingthisafternoon.4.過(guò)進(jìn)行時(shí)有一主要法就是述一事情發(fā)的背個(gè)動(dòng)作延的時(shí)，另一短動(dòng)發(fā)生）Grannyasleepwhenshewasreading.Itwasrainingwhentheyleftstation.6在成時(shí)標(biāo)志：have+動(dòng)詞的去分詞1.表示個(gè)去發(fā)生已完的動(dòng)作現(xiàn)在生影響結(jié)果的現(xiàn)在的況（示“已成”。如：Hehasleftthecity.（結(jié)果他前不在個(gè)城）Someonehasthewindow.（結(jié)：戶破了2.表示個(gè)作開(kāi)始過(guò)去持續(xù)到在，可能還繼續(xù)續(xù)下去表示未完成）。Ibusysincelastweek.Hehasourforyears.I’vefinishedhalfsofar.注意瞬動(dòng)詞通常是能用在完成表持性的，其否結(jié)構(gòu)則以。：She’tseenyouages.Hisfatherhasnttouchedbeerforawholeweek.3.表示去現(xiàn)在為反復(fù)生的動(dòng)或多出現(xiàn)的態(tài)表示度的副always,often,every等用。：Ioftenheardthatheisthecleverestpersoninthatcompany.4.在時(shí)和件狀語(yǔ)句中現(xiàn)在完時(shí)表將來(lái)某完成動(dòng)作。：I’llgotoyourIhavefinishedmyhomework.Ifithasstoppedsnowinginthemorning,’gothepark.5.與現(xiàn)完時(shí)連用常見(jiàn)語(yǔ)能與在完成連用詞語(yǔ)很just,already,yet,before,never,ever,等，但常見(jiàn)的：1)since自ItheremanytimessincetheWehaventseeneachothersincelastweek.Wefriendseversince.2)in/for/duringpast/last…years在去最…中I’veillthepastthreeGreatchangeshavetakeplaceinlasttenyears.Ihere(for)thelast/pastmonth.3)sofar到目為止WehaventhadanytroublesoSofarthesearchformissingmiddle-agedwomanhasbeenfruitless.4)upto/untilnow現(xiàn)為止Uptonow’beenquiet.Uptotheworkhasbeeneasy.IheardnothingfromhimUpnowwehaveplantedover2000trees.5)Itis/willbethefirst/second這是/二次…It’firsttime(that)’vebeenhere.Itbethefirsttime’vespokeninpublic.ItisthesecondtimeIhavemethimtoday.6)Thisis+形容詞最高…這最…Thisisthebestfilmthat’(ever)seen.6.現(xiàn)在成與一般去時(shí)區(qū)別1)現(xiàn)在成強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)在的響和結(jié)，與在有聯(lián)；而一過(guò)去時(shí)調(diào)這動(dòng)作發(fā)的時(shí)是在過(guò)，不及對(duì)現(xiàn)的影。如：Ithisfilm.（我經(jīng)看過(guò)這電影）Isawthisfilmyesterday.（我是天看這部電）2)現(xiàn)在成常與模的時(shí)狀語(yǔ)連（如for,since,sofar,ever,never,just,till/until,uptoalways等），或干脆有時(shí)狀語(yǔ)；而一過(guò)去時(shí)與具的時(shí)間語(yǔ)連（如yesterday,lastnight,…ago,in1980,inFebruary等。3)現(xiàn)在成表示持時(shí)一使用延性動(dòng)live,teach,work,等而一過(guò)去時(shí)使用間動(dòng)詞如begin,buy,marry等。如：Hehaslivedinsincelastspring.Mygrandfatherthefiveyearsago.7.易錯(cuò)辨1)考容易把一些間動(dòng)用現(xiàn)在成時(shí)達(dá)，這錯(cuò)誤。如：(×)Hehasdiedyears.他死了兩年。(√)Hehasbeendeadfortwoyears.(√)Hediedtwoyearsago.(×)Thefilmhasbegunfor10minutes.電開(kāi)十分鐘。(√)Thefilmhasbeenfor10minutes.(√)Thefilmbegan10minutesago.(×)Shehasmarriedforthree她婚有年了。(√)Shehasmarriedforthree(√)Shemarriedthreeyearsago.2)考生懂何區(qū)分havebeento和goneto，管兩均可接地點(diǎn)但havebeento示過(guò)某（現(xiàn)在經(jīng)回了）havegoneto表示到某去了（現(xiàn)還沒(méi)回）。：ShehasbeentoParis(threetimes).ShehasgonetoParis.7去成時(shí)標(biāo)志：had+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去詞1.表示過(guò)的某個(gè)間或作以前經(jīng)發(fā)的動(dòng)作已經(jīng)在的狀。如Bytheendoflastweekhehadfinishedwork.HehadleftwhenIarrived.2.表從過(guò)去某一間開(kāi)，一直續(xù)到去另一間的作或狀。如WehadnotseeneachothersinceIleftBeijing.Thehadbeenonfor5minuteswhenIgottothecinema.3.某些意的動(dòng)詞如intend,think,plan,expect,等）的過(guò)去完成時(shí)表主語(yǔ)未實(shí)現(xiàn)愿望、望、算。如Ihadintendedtovisityounight,butsomeonecalledandtgetaway.Wehadhopedthatwouldcome,butyou’4.（虛語(yǔ)）在條狀體句或wishwouldrather后的從中，使過(guò)去成時(shí)表與過(guò)事實(shí)相的主愿望。：Thepartywouldn’havebeenperfectifyouhadn’come.IIhadgonewithyoutotheconcertthatday.5.過(guò)完成時(shí)與一過(guò)去1)基本別完時(shí)表示過(guò)去時(shí)間為點(diǎn)以所發(fā)生動(dòng)作存在的態(tài)，過(guò)去完時(shí)強(qiáng)“過(guò)去過(guò)去，而一過(guò)去只表示現(xiàn)在間為起以前所發(fā)的事情存在狀態(tài)。：Hestudiedtheretwoyears他年前那兒學(xué)（離在兩年Hesaidhehadstudiedtheretwoyearsbefore.說(shuō)兩年在那兒習(xí)過(guò)（離他說(shuō)時(shí)兩年2)特別意兩個(gè)動(dòng)如果順序發(fā)，又強(qiáng)調(diào)先，或用then,but等連連接時(shí)多用般過(guò)去。如Whenshemouse,shescreamed.MyahatIlostit.8