2015同等學(xué)力英語保過專項課講義第一部分句五個基本句型主語＋謂語（不及物動詞Youmustleave主語＋謂 （及物動詞）＋賓Shelikes主語＋系動 ＋She aShegavemeabook．Sheboughtabookforme.主語＋謂語 賓語 賓語補ShemakeshermotherTheteacheraskedmetoreadthe動詞時態(tài)Have+beenAm/is/areHave/hasHas/HavebeenWas/WereHadHadbeenWill+WillbeWillhave havebeenWouldWouldbeWouldhavebeen動詞語一進完Have/hasbeenHave/hasbeenbeing過去Was/were+beingHadbeen beenbeing將來Will/shallbeWill/shallbebeingWill/shallhavebeenHavebeenbeing來bedoneShould/wouldBebeingShould/wouldHavebeenbeenbeingdoneThe usahistorylessonwhenTomwalkedintotheA. B.is C.was D.wasThemanagerenteredtheofficeandwashappytolearnthatfour-fifthsofthe was B.hadbeenC.were D.havebeenSomeofthehosinmy A.havenowbeenrebuilding B.arenowrebuildingC.arenowbeingrebuilt D.arerebuiltnow例句：Notknowingwhattodo,hewenttohisparentsforMostofthepeopleinvitedtotheparty famoustiredafterahardwork,shefellintobedandwentstraighttoA. B. C.Being D.ToYoucannotacceptan toyouunlessitisbasedonA. B.to C.having D.第三部分句子的分類與結(jié)二）并列句Ihaveaclasstonight,soIcan’tgotothemoviewith2.Hurryup,otherwisewewillmissthe三）復(fù)合句第一 復(fù)合句——名詞性從引導(dǎo)名詞從句常用的連詞。有三類：1)that;2whetherif3)when,wherehow等連接副詞或what,who,whose等連接代詞。第一 名詞性從句-主語從例Thenewsisnowcertain.Thematchwillbecancelled. Thatthematchwillbecancelledisnow（1）由連詞that引導(dǎo)的主語從句不能省略，且由它們引導(dǎo)的主語從句，多用it做形式主語。youdon’tlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.A.Itis Thattheearthturnsaroundthesun isknowntoall.常見主語從句句型（作文常用句型）：Itissaid/reportedItisbelievedthat...人們相信…Itisclearthat….顯然….Itisapity/shame/surprise 遺憾的是 令人驚奇的是ItisapitythatwelosttheItisacommonknoeledge Ithappenedthat... Itoccurredtomethat…我突然想起…(2)由whether引導(dǎo)的主語從句例句：Whetherthemeetingwillbeputoff hasnotbeendecidedyet.we’llgocamtomorrowdependsontheweather.A B C D例1 isneededforsuccess isyourhardwork. 第二 名詞性從句——賓語/表語/同位語從句Canyoulmewhywehaveputoffourmeetingtillnextweek? 賓語Iwassurprisedatwhatshesaid. 賓語名詞性從句——表語從句Thequestioniswhetherwecanfinishourworkbytomorrow代詞、ING分詞、不定式和從句都可作同位語。用來作同位語的從句叫同位語從句。order，suggestion，problem，thought等后面。例1The wearehavingaholidaytomorrowisnot 名詞性從句的嵌套結(jié)IrealizedthatwhatIsaidwasnotexactlywhatImeanttoWhatresearcherssuchasRansomMyersandBorisWormhaveshownisjusthowfastthingsarechanging.Thequestionishowwhatyouhavelearnedcanbeputinto第二章復(fù)合句——定語從一、定語從句的概念什么是定語從句？例:A isnottheonewhohasthemost,butistheonewhoneedsthe例：HelaughsbestwholaughsManyoflife'sproblemswhichweresolvedbyaskingfamilymembers,friendsorcolleaguesarethecapabilityoftheextendedfamilytoresolve.IamastudentwhichyouallThe theybuiltin1987stayedupintheThecar colorisgreenwasstolenyesterday.3.1958wastheyear Spielbergmadehisfirstrealfilm.4.Thisisthe IdependalotwheneverIhaveproblemswithnewA.with B.in C.on D.for以下情況只用that不用which詞IsthereanythingthatIcandoforyou?（whichanything）Iamsureshehassomething(that)youcanborrow.AllthatcanbedonehasbeenSheisthe 修飾（3）先行詞被形容詞或序數(shù)詞修飾時，如HeisthetallestmanthatIhaveever(4)先行詞theonly,thevery,thelastThatwhitefloweristheonly (that)IreallyWearetalkingabout sandthethingsthatwe第三 狀語從狀語從句的本質(zhì)。就是用一個句子來作另外一個句子的狀2005Strangely,somepeoplefindthattheycansmellonetypeofflowerbutnotanother,othersaresensitivetothesmellsofbothflowers.A. B. C. D.難點：?？嫉木湫停篐ardly…when;whenitcomesthat;whenitcomesto;1991tospeakwhentheaudienceinterruptedA.Hardlyhadhe B.NosoonerhardlyhadheC.Notuntilhebegin DScarcelyhadhebegin.1998年例句：ngyourisasurewaytoimproveyourtestscores,andthisis itcomestoclassroomA. B. C. D.地點狀語從句Adrivershouldslowerdownwherethereare原因狀語從句Since從……起；因為比較特殊的連詞：in 意思例句：ThegirlislikehermotherinthatshealsohasverydelicateNowthat…因目的狀語從句shouldHeisworkinghardforfearthathe(should)failinthe;)I)Icanhavetimeforacupoftea.例1：I’dliketoarrive20minutesA.assoon B.asa C.in D..so例2：Wewerein whenweleftthatweforgottheairlineA.arushsoanxious B.asuchanxiousrushC.soananxiousrush D..suchananxiousrush條件狀語從句unlessif引導(dǎo)難點：onlyif;ifonlyonlyif是“如果”“只有”的意思ifonly是“要是…就好了”“但愿”意思。2000年Hecancontinuetosupporthimselfandhis heproducesaA.only B.much C.long D.ever要記?。簊upposingthatprovided(thatoncondition讓步狀語從句althoughthoughevenifeven例【1】Alltheseconditionstendtoincreasetheprobabilityofachildcommittingacriminalact,adirectcausalrelationshiphasnotyetbeenestablished.(2004)A. B. C. D.第三部分真題助解第一 閱讀典型句型辨1.AllthatoneneedstopossessthesedaysisadrivetolearnaforeignlanguageandthereareallkindsofinstitutesandcoursesthatteachvariousforeignlanguageslikeFrench,German,Spanish,andJapanese.2.IwantsomuchtogivemychildrenthefreedomthatIenjoyedhavingwhenIwasgrowingupbutIhesitatetodosobecausetherearedangersaroundeverycorner.InCanadaanofficialrulealsosaysthatallcommercialestablishmentsmusthavetheirwebsitescreatedbothinEnglishandFrench,theofficiallanguagesofthecountry.Peopleinthesecountriesimmediayrespectyouandthinkyoucareabouttheircultureasmuchastheydobecauseinanyculturelanguageisthekeyidentity.Itrecognizestheworkofthedoctorsandscientistswhonowkeepalivepeoplewho,notverylongago,wouldhavediedofavarietyoftheincurablediseases.Throughawidevarietyoftechnologicalinnovationsthatincludefarmingmethodsandthecontrolofdeadlydiseases,wehavefoundwaystoreducetherateatwhichwedie.Instead,weareconsumingits“capital”—itsnonrenewablefossilfuelsandothermineraldepositsthattookmillionsofyearstoformbutwhicharenowbeingdestroyedindecades.Itisaverycommonbeliefthattheproblemsofthepopulationexplosionarecausedmainlybypoorpeoplelivinginpoorcountrieswhodonotknowenoughtolimittheirreproduction.Butwhenaskedwhethertheyagreedwiththestatement, "Breathingairinaroomtodaywherepeoplesmokedyesterdaycanharmyourhealth,"only65%ofnonsmokersand43%ofsmokersanswered"yes.DanielKahneman,aNobel—PrizewinnerandPrincetoneconomist,andcolleagues,recentlydeclaredthatthenotionthatmakingalotofmoneywillproducegoodoverallmoodis"mostlyillusory".AnotherwayofputtingitistosaythatorganizationswithouttrustwouldresembletheambiguousnightmareofKafka’sTheCastle,wherenothingcanbecertainandnobodycanbereliedonorbeheldresponsible.Thestandardizededucationalorpsychologicaltestthatarewidelyusedtoaidinselecting,classifying,assigning,orpromotingstudents,employees,andmilitary nelhavebeenthetargetofrecentattacksinbooks,magazines,thedailypress,andevenincongress.Avisittothenewbornnurseryofanylargehospitalwilldemonstratethat,fromthemomentoftheirbirths,afewfortunateinfantsrespondcalmlytosuddenfear—producingsituationssuchasaloudlyslammeddoor.Avisittothenewbornnurseryofanylargehospitalwilldemonstratethat,fromthemomentoftheirbirths,afewfortunateinfantsrespondcalmlytosuddenfear—producingsituationssuchasaloudlyslammeddoor.AyoungmannamedBill,forexample,grewupwithafatherwhoregardedeachadversityasatemporaryobstacletobe ewithimaginationandcourage.第二章完型語【1】11 whenhomelessindividualsmanagetofinda thatwillgivethemthreemealsadayandaplacetosleepatnight,agoodnumberstillspendthebulkofeachdaywanderingthestreet.【2】Becausetheyareadjustingtotheirnewbodiesandawholehostofnewinlectualandemotionalchallenges,teenagersareespeciallyself-consciousandneedthe thatcomesfromachievingsuccessandknowingthattheir plishmentsareadmiredbyothers.A. B. C. D.【3】Thewordsusedbythespeakermaystirupunfavorablereactionsinthe interferewithhiscomprehension. B. C. D.【4】Heclaimstobeanexpertinastronomy,butinactualfactheisquiteignorantonthe heknowsaboutitisoutofdateandinaccurate.A.What B.So C.How D.So【5】"Vitaminsaresimilarbecausetheyaremadeofthesameelements--usuallycarbon,hydrogen,oxygen,andsometimesnit