住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語-通用考博英語考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實(shí)際調(diào)整大小）題型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

Onlyapersonwithapairofkeeneyescouldpickoutthose（）paintingsfromtheseunwantedmaterials.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.valueless

B.worthless

C.priceless

D.featureless

【答案】C

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。valueless微不足道的;worthless一文不值的;priceless無價(jià)的,貴重的;featureless無特色的。句意：只有一雙敏銳的眼睛才能從這些多余的材料中找出那些無價(jià)的畫。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

2.單選題

Questions9to11arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Theyhavetolearnhowtoavoidbodycontact.

B.Theyneedtokeepmovingtoavoidgettinghurt.

C.Theybelieveinteamspiritforgoodperformance.

D.Theyarelikelytogetinjuredwhenmovingtoofast.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Theykeepthemselvesbusyevenafterretirement.

B.Theydonotstartenjoyinglifeuntilfullretirement.

C.Theytendtolivealongerlifewithearlyretirement.

D.Theydonothavemanyyearstoliveafterretirement.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Itslowsdownouragingprocess.

B.Itpreventsusfromworrying.

C.Itenablesustoaccomplishmoreinlife.

D.Itprovidesuswithmorechancestolearn.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:B

【解析】PassageOne

Relatedtothe“useitorloseit”lawisthe“keepmoving”principle.Welearnaboutstagnationfromnature.Ariverthatstopsmovinggetssmelly.Thesamethinghappenstopeoplewhostopmoving,eithermentallyorphysically.[9]Thosewhoplaycontactsportsknowthattheplayerwhousuallygetshurtthemostistheonewhoisstandingstill.Ofcourse,you’llneedsometimetocatchyourbreatheverysooften,buttheessentialmassageiskeepmoving,extendingandlearning.Shipslastalotlongerwhentheygotoseathanwhentheystayintheharbor.Thesameistrueforairplanes.Youdon’tpreserveanairplanebykeepingitontheground.Youpreserveitbykeepingitinservice.Wealsogettolivealonghealthylifebystayinginservice.[10]Longevitystatisticsrevealthattheaveragepersondoesn’tlastverylongafterretirement.Themorewe’llhearisdon’tretire.Ifafellowsays“I’m94yearsoldandIworkedallmylife”,weneedtorealize,thatishowhegottobe94,bystayinginvolved.GeorgeBernardShawwonaNobelPrizewhenhewasnearly70.BenjaminFranklinproducedsomeofhisbestwritingsattheageof84,andPabloPicassoputbrushtocanvasrightthroughhiseighties.Isn’ttheissuehowoldwethinkweare?[11]Abonuswiththe“keepmoving”principleisthatwhilewekeepmoving,wedon’thaveachancetoworry.Hence,weavoidthedreadedparalysisbyanalysis.

9.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutplayersofcontactsports?

【試題答案】B

【試題解析】題目問關(guān)于接觸式運(yùn)動(dòng)的運(yùn)動(dòng)員，說話者說了什么？錄音開頭提到，從事接觸式運(yùn)動(dòng)的人都知道，受傷最嚴(yán)重的往往是那些站著不動(dòng)的人。B選項(xiàng)“他們需要保持移動(dòng)以免受傷”是此處的同義表述，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。錄音中提及接觸式運(yùn)動(dòng)是不可能避免身體接觸的，因此A選項(xiàng)“他們必須學(xué)會(huì)如何避免身體接觸”不正確；C選項(xiàng)“他們相信有團(tuán)隊(duì)精神才能取得好成績(jī)”在錄音中沒有提及；錄音中強(qiáng)調(diào)的是站著不動(dòng)的人往往受傷最嚴(yán)重，因此D選項(xiàng)“移動(dòng)速度過快時(shí)可能受傷”不正確。

10.Whatdolongevitystatisticsrevealabouttheaverageperson?

【試題答案】D

【試題解析】題目問壽命統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)揭示了普通人的什么？錄音提到，壽命統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)顯示，一般人退休后活不了多久（theaveragepersondoesn’tlastverylongafterretirement）。因此D選項(xiàng)“他們退休后沒有多少年的生活時(shí)間”正確。本題的干擾項(xiàng)是A選項(xiàng)，錄音中有提到幾位名人在很大的年紀(jì)也一直忙個(gè)不停，但并沒有說這是一般人退休后的狀態(tài)，因此A選項(xiàng)不正確；B選項(xiàng)“他們直到完全退休后才開始享受生活”和C選項(xiàng)“提前退休他們往往壽命更長(zhǎng)”在錄音中均沒有提及，因此可排除。

11.Whatbonusdoesthe“keepmoving”principlebringusaccordingtothespeaker?

【試題答案】B

【試題解析】題目問“不斷前進(jìn)”的原則能給我們帶來什么好處？錄音最后部分提到：“不斷前進(jìn)”原則的一個(gè)好處是，當(dāng)我們不斷前進(jìn)時(shí)，我們沒有機(jī)會(huì)擔(dān)憂（wedon’thaveachancetoworry），B選項(xiàng)是此處的同義表述，因此正確。A選項(xiàng)“它減緩了我們的衰老過程”和C選項(xiàng)“它使我們能夠在生活中取得更多成就”在錄音中沒有信息提及；D選項(xiàng)“它為我們提供了更多的學(xué)習(xí)機(jī)會(huì)”主要是achance造成了干擾，錄音中說的是achancetoworry，并不是chancestolearn，因此不正確。

3.單選題

Hisoriginalityasacomposeris（）bythefollowinggroupofsongs.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.exemplified

B.created

C.performed

D.realized

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞組固定搭配。Beexemplifiedby是固定搭配，意思是“這一點(diǎn)也證明……”，選項(xiàng)A符合題意。句意：作為一名作曲家，以下的作曲集可以證明他（的實(shí)力）。

4.單選題

Questions16to18arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Theirobsessionwithconsumption.

B.Theirfailuretoaccumulatewealth.

C.Theever-increasingcostsofhousing.

D.Thedeteriorationoftheenvironment.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Thingsthatareraretofind.

B.Thingsthatcostlessmoney.

C.Thingsthatboostefficiency.

D.Thingsthatwecherishmost.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Theyservemultiplepurposes.

B.Theybenefittheenvironment.

C.Theyaremostlydurable.

D.Theyareeasilydisposable.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:A

【解析】RecordingOne

DidyouknowthatAmericanshaveapproximatelythreetimestheamountofspacewehavefiftyyearsago?Therefore,you’dthinkwe’dhavesufficientroomforallofourpossessions.Onthecontrary,thepersonalstoragebusinessisnowagrowingindustry.We’vegottriplethespace,but[16]we’vebecomesuchenthusiasticconsumersthatwerequireevenmore.Thisphenomenonhasresultedinsignificantcreditcarddebt,enormousenvironmentalfootprints,andperhapsnotcoincidentally,ourhappinesslevelshavefailedtoincreaseoverthesamehalfcentury.

I’mheretosuggestanalternative—thathavinglessmightactuallybeapreferabledecision.Manyofushaveexperienced,atsomestage,thepleasureofpossessingless.Iproposethatlessstuffandlessspacecannotonlyhelpyoueconomize,butalsosimplifyyourlife.IrecentlystartedaninnovativeprojecttodiscoversomecreativesolutionsthatofferedmeeverythingIrequired.Bypurchasinganapartmentthatwas40squaremetersinsteadof60,Iimmediatelysaved$200,000.Smallerspaceleadstoreducedutilitybillsandalsoasmallercarbonfootprintbecauseit’sdesignedaroundaneditedcollectionofpossessions,limitedtomyfavoritestuff.I’mreallyexcitedtolivethere.

Howcanwelivemorebasically?Firstly,wemustruthlesslycuttheunnecessaryobjectsoutofourlives.Tostemconsumption,weshouldthinkbeforewebuy,andaskourselves,“willittrulymakemehappier?”O(jiān)bviously,weshouldpossesssomegreatstuff,[17]butwewantbelongingsthatwe’regoingtoloveforyears.Secondly,werequirespaceefficiency.Wewantappliancesthataredesignedforusemostofthetime,notforoccasionaluse.Whyownasix-burnerstovewhenyourarelyuseeventhreeburners?Finally,[18]weneedmultifunctionalspacesandhousewares.Icombinedamovablewallwithtransformingfurnituretogetmoreoutofmylimitedspace.Considermycoffeetable.Itincreasesinsizetoaccommodateten.Myofficeistuggedaway,easilyhidden.Mybedsimplypopsoutthewall.Forgas,IcanrelocatethemovablewallandutilizethefoldableguestbedsIinstalled.

I’mnotsaying,weshouldallliveintinierapartments,butconsiderthebenefitsofaneditedlife.Whenyoureturnhomeandwalkthroughyourfrontdoor,takeamomenttoaskyourselves,“couldIdowithalittlelifeediting?Willthatgivememorefreedomandmoretime?”

16.WhathaspreventedAmericanshappinesslevelsfromincreasing?

【試題答案】A

【試題解析】題目問是什么阻礙了美國(guó)人幸福水平的提高？錄音提到，這一現(xiàn)象導(dǎo)致了大量的信用卡債務(wù)……而且也許并非巧合的是，我們的幸福水平在過去的半個(gè)世紀(jì)里并沒有提高。這一現(xiàn)象即上一句提到的：我們已經(jīng)成為如此熱情的消費(fèi)者。A選項(xiàng)“他們（美國(guó)人）對(duì)消費(fèi)的癡迷”是對(duì)原文we’vebecomesuchenthusiasticconsumers的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，因此正確。B選項(xiàng)“他們沒有積累財(cái)富”和C項(xiàng)“日益增長(zhǎng)的住房成本”在錄音中沒有信息提及；D選項(xiàng)“環(huán)境的惡化”，利用environment設(shè)置干擾，錄音原文所說的是大量環(huán)境足跡而不是環(huán)境惡化，因此D選項(xiàng)不正確。

17.Whatthingsshouldwepossessaccordingtothespeaker?

【試題答案】D

【試題解析】題目問根據(jù)說話者的說法，我們應(yīng)該擁有哪些東西？錄音中說話者提到：顯然，我們應(yīng)該擁有一些很棒的東西，但我們想要的是能讓我們喜歡多年的東西。因此D選項(xiàng)“我們最珍惜的東西”正確。A選項(xiàng)“很難找到的東西”和B選項(xiàng)“花費(fèi)較少的東西”在錄音中并未提及；C選項(xiàng)“能提高效率的東西”，利用錄音中的efficiency設(shè)置干擾，錄音中只是提到我們需要空間效率，選項(xiàng)與原文表述不符，因此排除。

18.Whatdowelearnabouttheitemsinthespeaker’shome?

【試題答案】A

【試題解析】題目問我們從說話者家里的物品中了解到什么？錄音中提到說話人認(rèn)為我們需要更多的空間以及多功能的家庭用品，接著講述了自己家里的物品，他把活動(dòng)墻和改造家具結(jié)合起來，讓有限的空間得到更多的利用，由此可知，作者家中的物品有多種用途，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。B選項(xiàng)“它們對(duì)環(huán)境有益”；C選項(xiàng)“它們大多是耐用的”；D選項(xiàng)“它們很容易被丟棄”在錄音中均沒有信息提及，因此排除。

5.單選題

Questions9to12arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Theytryhardtoavoidgettingoffonthewrongfoot.

B.Theyspendtoomuchtimeanticipatingtheirdefeat.

C.Theytaketoomanyirrelevantfactorsintoaccount.

D.Theymakecarefulpreparationsbeforehand.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Mentalimagesofteninterferewithathletes’performance.

B.Golfersusuallyhavepositivementalimagesofthemselves.

C.Thinkinghasthesameeffectonthenervoussystemasdoing.

D.Aperson’snervoussystemismorecomplicatedthanimagined.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Anticipatepossibleproblems.

B.Makealistofdo’sanddon’ts.

C.Trytoappearmoreprofessional.

D.Picturethemselvessucceeding.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Shewonherfirstjurytrial.

B.Sheworeadesignerdress.

C.Shepresentedmovingpictures.

D.Shedidnotspeakloudenough.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:A

【解析】PassageOne

[9]Whenfacinganewsituation,somepeopletendtorehearsetheirdefeatbyspendingtoomuchtimeanticipatingtheworst.Iremembertalkingwithayounglawyerwhowasabouttobeginherfirstjurytrial.Shewasverynervous.Iaskedwhatimpressionshewantedtomakeonthejury.Shereplied,“Idon’twanttolooktooinexperienced;Idon’twantthemtosuspectthisismyfirsttrial.”Thislawyerhadfallenvictimtothe“don’ts”syndrome—aformofnegativegoalsetting.The“don’ts”canbeself-fulfillingbecauseyourmindrespondstopictures.

[10]ResearchconductedatStanfordUniversityshowsamentalimagefiresthenervoussystemthesamewayasactuallydoingsomething.Thatmeanswhenagolferforetellshimself“Don’thittheballintothewater”,hismindseestheimageoftheballflyingintothewater.Soguesswheretheballwillgo.

Consequently,beforegoingintoanystressfulsituation,[11]focusonlyonwhatyouwanttohavehappen.Iaskedthelawyeragainhowshewantedtoappearatherfirsttrial,andthistimeshesaid,“Iwanttolookprofessionalandself-assured.”Itoldhertocreateapictureofwhatself-assuredwouldlooklike.Toher,itmeantmovingconfidentlyaroundthecourtroom,usingconvincingbodylanguageandprojectinghervoice,soitcouldbeheardfromthejudge’sbenchtothebackdoor.Shealsoimaginedaskillfulclosingargumentandawinningtrial.Afewweeksafterthispositivestressrehearsal,[12]theyounglawyerdidwin.

9.Whatdosomepeopledowhentheyfaceanewsituation?

【試題答案】B

【試題解析】題目問當(dāng)一些人面對(duì)一個(gè)新的情況時(shí)，他們會(huì)做什么?錄音開頭提及，在面對(duì)全新的情況時(shí)，有些人老是預(yù)料自己可能會(huì)失敗的情形，會(huì)花太多時(shí)間去想事情最壞的情況。B選項(xiàng)“他們花太多時(shí)間去預(yù)料失敗的情況”中的theirdefeat是對(duì)錄音原文中theworst的替換，與原文表述相符，因此正確。A選項(xiàng)“他們努力避免出師不利”；C選項(xiàng)“他們考慮了太多不相關(guān)的因素”和D選項(xiàng)“他們事先作了周密的準(zhǔn)備”在錄音中均沒有信息提及，因此排除。

10.WhatdoestheresearchconductedatStanfordUniversityshow?

【試題答案】C

【試題解析】題目問斯坦福大學(xué)的研究表明了什么?錄音中提及，一項(xiàng)在斯坦福大學(xué)進(jìn)行的研究表明，大腦想象激發(fā)神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的方式與實(shí)際做某事的方式相同，也就是說，“想”和“做”對(duì)神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的影響是一樣的，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。A選項(xiàng)“大腦想象經(jīng)常影響運(yùn)動(dòng)員的表現(xiàn)”和D選項(xiàng)“人的神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)比想象中復(fù)雜得多”在錄音中均沒有提及，因此排除；B選項(xiàng)“高爾夫球手通常對(duì)自己有積極的大腦想象”與錄音中提到的高爾夫球手的例子剛好相反，因此不正確。

11.Whatadvicedoesthespeakergivetopeopleinastressfulsituation?

【試題答案】D

【試題解析】題目問說話者給處于壓力下的人們什么建議?說話者指出：在面對(duì)有壓力的情況時(shí)，只需集中精神去想你希望發(fā)生的事情。D選項(xiàng)“想象自己成功的畫面”與錄音內(nèi)容表述相符，因此正確。A選項(xiàng)“預(yù)見可能出現(xiàn)的問題”；B選項(xiàng)“列出注意事項(xiàng)”在錄音中均未提及；C選項(xiàng)“試著表現(xiàn)得更專業(yè)些”是說話人提及的某位新手律師的情況，并不是對(duì)一般人的普遍建議，因此排除。

12.Whatdowelearnaboutthelawyerinthecourt?

【試題答案】A

【試題解析】題目問關(guān)于法庭上的律師，我們知道什么？說話者對(duì)那位第一次參與陪審團(tuán)庭審案件的律師說，她只需要在過程中想象自己自信的樣子是怎樣就行了。錄音結(jié)尾提到，這位律師最后贏了那場(chǎng)官司。A選項(xiàng)“她在首次參與的陪審團(tuán)庭審案件中打贏了官司”與原文表述相符，因此正確。B選項(xiàng)“她穿了設(shè)計(jì)師禮服”在錄音中沒有信息提及；C選項(xiàng)“她展示了移動(dòng)的畫面”利用moving設(shè)置干擾，實(shí)際上錄音原文并沒有提及，因此排除；D選項(xiàng)“她說話的聲音不夠大”，錄音提到，這位律師上庭前想象自己自信的樣子，其中包括在法庭中發(fā)言響亮，可見她后來在庭上發(fā)言時(shí)是足夠大聲的，因此D選項(xiàng)不正確。

6.單選題

AllprogramscelebratingtheSpringFestivalintheCCTVhavebeen（relayed）toevenpartoftheworldthroughsatellites.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.received

B.reserved

C.rebroadcast

D.enjoyed

【答案】C

【解析】句意：央視所有慶祝春節(jié)的節(jié)目都通過衛(wèi)星轉(zhuǎn)播到世界各地。劃線詞的前綴是re-，選項(xiàng)A和B不符合句意，所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

7.單選題

Theboyhaslearnedfromfairystoriesthatwhatatfirstseemsa（）,threateningfigurecanmagicallychangeintoamosthelpfulfriend.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.benevolent

B.repulsive

C.compulsive

D.imperative

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。benevolent“仁慈的，慈善的”；repulsive“令人厭惡的，冷淡的”；compulsive“強(qiáng)制的，強(qiáng)迫的”；imperative“必要的，緊要的”。句意：男孩從童話故事里知道那些第一眼看起來令人厭惡的并且危險(xiǎn)的人物會(huì)魔法般地變成一個(gè)最有用的朋友。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

8.單選題

TheyaregoingtoLondon,buttheir（）destinationisRome.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ultimate

B.prime

C.next

D.cardinal

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。ultimate“最終的”；prime“主要的，最好的”；next“接下來的”；cardinal“主要的，基本的；深紅色的”。句意：他們打算去倫敦，但是他們最終的目的地是羅馬。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

9.單選題

Questions19to22arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Itislikelytogiveuppapermoneyinthenearfuture.

B.Itisthefirstcountrytousecreditcardsintheworld.

C.Itistryinghardtodoawaywithdirtymoney.

D.Itishelpingitsbankstoimproveefficiency.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Whetheritispossibletotravelwithoutcarryinganyphysicalcurrency.

B.Whetheritispossibletopredicthowmuchmoneyoneisgoingtospend.

C.Whethertheabsenceofphysicalcurrencyisgoingtoaffecteverydaylife.

D.Whethertheabsenceofphysicalcurrencycausesapersontospendmore.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Thecashinherhandbagwasmissing.

B.Theserviceonthetrainwasnotgood.

C.Therestaurantcaracceptedcashonly.

D.Therewasnofoodserviceonthetrain.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Bydrawingmoneyweekbyweek.

B.Byputtingmoneyintoenvelopes.

C.Bylimitingtheirday-to-dayspending.

D.Byrefusingtobuyanythingoncredit.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:B

【解析】RecordingTwo

SwedenwasthefirstEuropeancountrytoprintandusepapermoney,[19]butitmaysoondoawaywithphysicalcurrencies.

Bankscansavealotofmoneyandavoidregulatoryheadachesbymovingtoacash-freesystem,andtheycanalsoavoidbankrobberies,theft,anddirtymoney.

ClaerBarrett,theeditorofFinancialTimesMoney,saystheWesternworldisheadedtowardaworldwithoutphysicalcurrency.

AndyHolder—thechiefeconomistatTheBankofEngland—suggestedthattheUKmovetowardsagovernment-backeddigitalcurrency.Butdoesacashlesssocietyreallymakegoodeconomicsense?

“Thefactthatcashisbeingdrawnoutofsociety,islessafeatureofoureverydaylives,andtheeaseofelectronicpayments—isthisactuallymakingusspendmoremoneywithoutrealizingit?”

[20]Barrettwantedtofindoutiftheabsenceofphysicalcurrencydoesindeedcauseapersontospendmore,soshedecidedtoconductanexperimentafewmonthsago.

Shedecidedthatshewasgoingtotrytojustusecashfortwoweekstomakeallofheressentialpurchasesandseewhatthatwoulddotoherspending.Shefoundshedidspendalotlessmoneybecauseitisincrediblyhardtopredicthowmuchcashoneisgoingtoneed—shewasforeverdrawingmoneyoutofcashpoints.Monthslater,shewasstillfindingcashstuffedinhertrouserpocketsandthepocketsofherhandbags.

[21]Duringtheexperiment,Barretttookatrainride.Ontheway,therewasanannouncementthattherestaurantcarwasnotcurrentlyacceptingcreditcards.Thetraincarswerefilledwithgroansbecausemanyofthepassengersweretravelingwithoutcash.

“Itunderlinesjusthowmuchthingshavechangedinthelastgeneration,”Barrettsays.“[22]Myparents,whentheywereyounger,usedtobudgetbyputtingmoneyintoenvelopes—they’dgetpaidandthey’dimmediatelyseparatethecashintopilesandputtheminenvelopes,sotheyknewwhattheyhadtospendweekbyweek.Itwasaveryeffectivewayforthemtokeeptrackoftheirspending.Nowadays,we’realloncreditcards,we’redoingonlinepurchases,andmoneyiskindofbecomingalessphysicalandmoreimaginarytypeofthingthatwecan’tgetourhandsaround.”

19.WhatdowelearnaboutSweden?

【試題答案】A

【試題解析】題目問關(guān)于瑞典我們能夠了解到什么？錄音開頭便提及，瑞典是第一個(gè)印刷并使用紙幣的歐洲國(guó)家，但是它將很快摒棄實(shí)體貨幣。A選項(xiàng)中g(shù)iveuppapermoney是對(duì)原文中doawaywithphysicalcurrencies的同義替換，因此A選項(xiàng)“它在不久的將來可能放棄使用紙幣”正確。B選項(xiàng)“它是世界上第一個(gè)使用信用卡的國(guó)家”；C選項(xiàng)“它正在努力清除非法錢財(cái)”和D選項(xiàng)“它正在幫助銀行提高效率”均是利用錄音個(gè)別字詞設(shè)置干擾，錄音中并沒有相關(guān)信息涉及，因此不正確。

20.WhatdidClaerBarrettwanttofindoutwithherexperiment?

【試題答案】D

【試題解析】題目問ClaerBarrett想從她的實(shí)驗(yàn)中發(fā)現(xiàn)什么?錄音中提及ClaerBarrett為了弄清楚是否不使用實(shí)體貨幣就會(huì)導(dǎo)致錢花得更多，她決定做一個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)。D選項(xiàng)“是否不使用實(shí)體貨幣就會(huì)導(dǎo)致錢花得更多”與錄音原文表述相符，因此正確。A選項(xiàng)“不帶任何實(shí)體貨幣旅行是否有可能”和C選項(xiàng)“不使用實(shí)體貨幣是否會(huì)影響日常生活”在錄音中均沒有信息提及，因此排除；B選項(xiàng)“一個(gè)人的花費(fèi)是否能夠預(yù)測(cè)”，錄音中雖然提及，要預(yù)測(cè)一個(gè)人需要多少現(xiàn)金是非常困難的，但這并不是ClaerBarrett實(shí)驗(yàn)的目的，因此可排除。

21.WhatdidClaerBarrettfindonhertrainride?

【試題答案】C

【試題解析】題目問ClaerBarrett在火車上發(fā)現(xiàn)了什么?錄音中提及，在ClaerBarrett進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)的期間，有一次，她在搭乘火車旅行的途中遇到了列車廣播通知乘客餐車不接受信用卡支付的事件。由此可知，餐車只接受現(xiàn)金支付。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。A選項(xiàng)“她手提包里的現(xiàn)金不見了”；B選項(xiàng)“火車上的服務(wù)不好”和D選項(xiàng)“火車上沒有餐飲服務(wù)”在錄音中均沒有信息提及，因此可排除。

22.Howdidpeopleofthelastgenerationbudgettheirspending?

【試題答案】B

【試題解析】題目問上一代的人是如何預(yù)算他們的開支的？錄音結(jié)尾提到ClaerBarrett回想起自己父母（即上一代人）年輕時(shí)，常常通過將現(xiàn)金放進(jìn)信封的方式來進(jìn)行預(yù)算開支。B選項(xiàng)是錄音原文原詞的復(fù)現(xiàn)，因此正確。A選項(xiàng)“通過每星期取款”；C選項(xiàng)“通過限制他們的日常開支”和D選項(xiàng)“通過拒絕賒購(gòu)任何東西”在錄音中均未提及，因此排除。

10.單選題

Mostpublicplacesaresimplynot（）totheneedsofpeoplewithphysicalhandicap.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.deserted

B.dwelled

C.motivated

D.geared

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。desert“拋棄，遺棄”；dwell“居住，存在”；motivate“使產(chǎn)生動(dòng)機(jī)，激發(fā)……的積極性”；gear“適合；裝上齒輪”。句意：大部分公共場(chǎng)所無法滿足身體有缺陷的人的需求。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

11.單選題

Thehumancriterionforperfectvisionis20/20forreadingthestandardlinesonaSnelleneyechartwithoutahitch.Thescoreisdeterminedbyhowwellyoureadlinesoflettersofdifferentsizesfrom20feetaway.Butbeingabletoreadthebottomlineontheeyechartdoesnotmeanapproximateperfectionasfarasotherspeciesareconcerned.Mostbirdswouldconsiderusveryvisuallyhandicapped.Thehawk,forinstance,hassuchsharpeyesthatitcanspotadimeonthesidewalkwhileperchedontopoftheEmpireStateBuilding.Itcanmakefinevisualdistinctionsbecauseitisblessedwithonemillionconespersquaremillimeterinitsretina（視網(wǎng)膜）.Andinwater,humansarefarsighted,whilethe

kingfisher,swoopingdowntospearfish,canseewellinboththeairandwaterbecauseitisendowedwithtwofoveae（凹窩）areasoftheeye,consistingmostlyofconesthatprovidevisualdistinctions.Onefoveapermitsthebird,whileintheair,toscanthewaterbelowwithoneeyeatatime.Thisiscalledmonocularvision.Onceithitsthewater,theotherfoveajoinsin,allowingthekingfishertofocusbotheyes,likebinoculars,onitspreyatthesametime.Afrog’svisionisdistinguishedbyitsabilitytoperceivethingsasaconstantmotionpicture.Knownas“bugdetectors”,ahighlydevelopedsetofcellsinafrog’seyesrespondsmainlytomovingobjects.So,itissaidthatafrogsittinginafieldofdeadbugswouldn’tseethemasfoodandwouldstarve.

Thebeehasa“compound”eye,whichisusedfornavigation.Ithas15,000facetsthatdividewhatitseesintoapatternofdotsormosaic.Withthiskindofvision,thebeeseesthesunonlyasasingledot,aconstantpointofreference.Thus,theeyeisasuperbnavigationalinstrumentthatconstantlymeasurestheangleofitslineofflightinrelationtothesun.Abee’seyealsogaugesflightspeed.Andifthatisnotenoughtoleaveour20/20“perfectvision”palingintoinsignificance,thebeeiscapableofseeingsomethingwecan’t—ultravioletlight.Thus,whathumansconsidertobe“perfectvision”isinfactratherlimitedwhenwelookatotherspecies.However,thereisstillmuchtobesaidforthehumaneye.Ofallthemammals,onlyhumansandsomeprimatescanenjoythepleasuresofcolorvision.

1.TheSnelleneyechartmeasuresone’seyesightby（）.

2.Howishawk’seyesightbetterthanours?

3.Monocularvisionenablesthekingfisherto（）.

4.Abeefindsitsdirectionby（）.

5.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.TheSnelleneyechartmeasuresone’seyesightbythenumberoflineshereads

B.thedistancehestandsawayfromthechart

C.thespeedatwhichherecognizestheletters

D.severalintegrativefactors

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Itcanidentifysmallitemsmorequicklythanwedo.

B.Itcanseeatalongerdistancethanwedo.

C.Ithasmoreconesintheretinathanwedo.

D.Ithasbiggereyesthanwedo.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.avoidfarsightedness

B.beabletoseeunderwater

C.moveoneeyeatatime

D.focusitseyesontheprey

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.dividingwhatitseesintothousandsofdots

B.constantlygaugingitsflyingspeed

C.usingthesunasaconstantpointofreference

D.measuringtheangleofthesun

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Thedifferencesbetweenhumaneyesandotherspecies’eyes.

B.Theadvantagesofotherspecies’eyesincomparisonwithhumaneyes.

C.Thefactorsthatmakeotherspecies’eyesbetterthanhumaneyes.

D.Thestandardthatdeterminesthe“perfectvision”ofhumaneyes.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“Snelleneyechart”定位至第一段：Thehumancriterionforperfectvisionis20/20forreadingthestandardlinesonaSnelleneyechartwithoutahitch.Thescoreisdeterminedbyhowwellyoureadlinesoflettersofdifferentsizesfrom20feetaway（可知，判斷人的視力是否完好的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是在看斯內(nèi)倫視力表的時(shí)候是否能毫無障礙地達(dá)到20/20的視力。測(cè)試值取決于從20英尺之外，你能看到多少行大小不一的字母）。據(jù)此可知，A項(xiàng)為正確答案。

2.根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“hawk’seyesight”定位至第一段：Thehawk,forinstance,hassuchsharpeyesthatitcanspotadimeonthesidewalkwhileperchedontopoftheEmpireStateBuilding.Itcanmakefinevisualdistinctionsbecauseitisblessedwithonemillionconespersquaremillimeterinitsretina（視網(wǎng)膜）（鷹的視力非常敏銳，當(dāng)它在帝國(guó)大廈的頂層時(shí)，它能看清在人行道上的一角硬幣）。據(jù)此可知，鷹眼可以從更遠(yuǎn)的距離看清物體，B項(xiàng)為正確答案。

3.根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“Monocularvision”定位至第一段：Onefoveapermitsthebird,whileintheair,toscanthewaterbelowwithoneeyeatatime.Thisiscalledmonocularvision.（一個(gè)中央窩讓飛翔在空中的翠鳥每次用一只眼睛掃視水下面的情況，這被稱為單眼視覺。）因此，C項(xiàng)為正確答案。

4.題干問的是“蜜蜂是怎么找到方向的”，定位至第二段：Withthiskindofvision,thebeeseesthesunonlyasasingledot,aconstantpointofreference.Thus,theeyeisasuperbnavigationalinstrumentthatconstantlymeasurestheangleofitslineofflightinrelationtothesun（有了這種視覺，蜜蜂只把太陽看作一個(gè)單點(diǎn)，一個(gè)不變的參照點(diǎn)。因此，眼睛是一種極好的導(dǎo)航儀器，它不斷地測(cè)量飛行路線相對(duì)于太陽的角度）。因此，蜜蜂是以太陽為常參考點(diǎn)的，C項(xiàng)為正確答案。

5.綜觀全文可知，文中先是描述人類測(cè)試視力的方法，而后指出人類的視力不如其他物種并舉例加以說明。后面又指出人類視力在某一方面優(yōu)于其他物種。因此，本文主要通過舉例說明人類的眼睛和其他物種眼睛的不同之處，A項(xiàng)為正確答案。

12.單選題

Notuntiltheearlyyearsofthe19thcentury（）whatheatis.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.mandidknow

B.didmanknow

C.manknew

D.didn'tmanknow

【答案】B

【解析】考查倒裝。notuntil位于句首時(shí),

句子要倒裝,

即將助動(dòng)詞提前。結(jié)構(gòu)為Notuntil+助動(dòng)詞+（主句）主語+謂語。選項(xiàng)B正確。

13.單選題

Wemustalsounderstandhowto（）betweenwhatshouldberememberedandwhatshouldbeforgotten.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.differentiate

B.distinct

C.disengage

D.entangle

【答案】A

【解析】形近異義詞解析。differentiate“區(qū)別，區(qū)分”；distinct“明顯的”；disengage“使脫離，解開”，entangle“使糾纏，卷人”。句意：我們必須明白將需要記住的事和需要忘掉的事區(qū)分開來。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

14.單選題

Johnsaidthattherichercountriesoftheworldshouldmakea（）efforttohelpthepoorercountries.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.futile

B.glittering

C.frantic

D.concentrated

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。futile“徒勞的”；glittering“閃閃發(fā)光的”；frantic“狂亂的”；concentrated“集中的”。句意：約翰說更富裕的國(guó)家應(yīng)該集中去幫助貧窮的國(guó)家。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

15.單選題

“MayIspeaktoyourmanagerMr.Jensonat2o’clockthisafternoon?”

“I’msorry.Mr.Jenson（

）toaconferencelongbeforethen.”

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.willhavegone

B.hadgone

C.wouldhavegone

D.hasgone

【答案】A

【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。“這個(gè)下午兩點(diǎn)”表示將來時(shí)間，根據(jù)“beforethen”可知要用將來完成時(shí)，選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

16.單選題

（

）shewaslivinginParisthatshemetherhusbandTerry.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Justwhen

B.Itwaswhile

C.Soonafter

D.Duringthetimewhen

【答案】B

【解析】考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。Itis+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that+其他成分，選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

17.單選題

Questions23to25arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Theycan’tbesolvedwithoutgovernmentsupport.

B.Theyareeasytosolvewithmoderntechnology.

C.Theyhavenotbeenexaminedindetailsofar.

D.Theyarisefromtheadvancesintechnology.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Itisintenselycompetitive.

B.Itfocusesonnewproducts.

C.Itdemandshugeinvestment.

D.Itisattractivetoentrepreneurs.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Cooperationwithbigcompanies.

B.Sharingofcostswitheachother.

C.Recruitingmorequalifiedstaff.

D.In-servicetrainingofITpersonnel.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:B

【解析】RecordingThree

WelcometothethirdlectureinourseriesonthefutureofsmallbusinessesinEurope.Thepurposeoftoday’slecture,asyouhaveseenfromthetitleandtheabstract,[23]istoexamineinmoredetailtheproblemsfacingsmallandmedium-sizedenterpriseswhichariseatleastinpartfromhavingtoadapttorapidadvancesintechnology.AndIwanttolookatthesebothfromafinancialandfromapersonnelpointofviewandtoofferafewhopefullyeffectivesolutions.

HerewehavethreeofthemostimportantproblemsfacingsmallbusinessesthatIwanttolookattoday.

First,keepingupwiththepaceoftechnologicalchange,recruitinghighqualitystaffinatimeofskillsshortagesinITasawholeandinahighlycompetitivemarket,andtheissueofretainingstaffoncethey’vebeenrecruitedandtrained.Now,alloftheseproblemsinvolvesignificantcostsforallbusinesses.Buttheyareparticularlychallengingissueforsmallandmedium-sizedenterprises.Andthosecostswouldvarydependingonthesizeandscaleofthebusinesses.

Solet’scometothefirstissueonourlistwhichiskeepingpacewithdevelopmentsintechnology.[24]Nowweallknowthatthetechnologyindustryisintenselycompetitivewithnewproductsbeinglaunchedallyearroundasthevariouscompaniesstrivetocompetewitheachother,ratherthan,sayonceayearoreverycoupleofyears.Andthisisarealheadacheforsmallerbusinesses.So,let’simaginewehaveasmallcompanywhichisdoingok.It’sjustaboutmakingaprofitanditspendsmostofitsincomeontheoverheads.Soforacompanyinthissituation,keepinguptodatewiththelatesttechnology,evenifit’sonlyforthebenefitofkeystaff,thiscanbehugelyexpensive.

Soinmyview,somecreativethinkingneedstocomeinheretofindwaystohelpcompaniesinthissituationtostayaheadinthegame,butatthesametime,toremaintechnologicallycompetitive.

Well,there’sapossibilitythatsmallgroupsofcompanieswithsimilarrequirementsbutnotdirectlycompetingwitheachother,[25]theycouldsharethecostofupgradinginmuchthesamewayas,let’ssay,anintranetoperateswithinlargerorganizations.[25]Infact,costsharingcouldbeaverypracticalsolution,especiallyintimesoffinancialdifficulty.Ifthere’sadownwardpressureoncosts,becauseofaneedforinvestmentinotherareas,Iwouldarguethatthisisaperfectlyfeasiblesolution.

23.Whatdoesthespeakersayabouttheproblemsfacingsmallandmedium-sizedenterprises?

【試題答案】D

【試題解析】題目問關(guān)于中小企業(yè)面臨的問題，說話者說了什么？本篇講座在開頭就提到講座的目的是詳細(xì)分析中小企業(yè)在適應(yīng)技術(shù)的快速進(jìn)步方面所面臨的問題。由此可知，中小企業(yè)面臨的問題來源于技術(shù)的進(jìn)步，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。A選項(xiàng)“沒有政府的支持，問題不能解決”和B選項(xiàng)“利用現(xiàn)代科技很容易解決”在錄音中均沒有信息涉及；C選項(xiàng)“到目前為止，問題還沒有詳細(xì)研究過”，在這次講座中說話者明確分析了中小企業(yè)面臨的三個(gè)問題，而且接著展開了對(duì)第一個(gè)問題的詳細(xì)剖析，因此C選項(xiàng)不正確。

24.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutthetechnologyindustry?

【試題答案】A

【試題解析】題目問關(guān)于科技行業(yè)，說話者說了什么？說話者在說跟上科技發(fā)展步伐這個(gè)問題時(shí)提到，科技行業(yè)是競(jìng)爭(zhēng)激烈的行業(yè)，各公司相互競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，一年到頭都可能有新產(chǎn)品推出市場(chǎng)。A選項(xiàng)“競(jìng)爭(zhēng)非常激烈”與原文表述一致，因此正確。B選項(xiàng)“專注于新產(chǎn)品”；C選項(xiàng)“它要求巨大的投資”和D選項(xiàng)“它對(duì)企業(yè)家是有吸引力的”在錄音中均沒有信息提及，均可排除。

25.Whatisapracticalsolutiontotheproblemsofsmallandmedium-sizedbusinesses?

【試題答案】B

【試題解析】題目問什么是解決中小企業(yè)問題的可行方案？說話者最后提到有相似需求和要求的小型企業(yè)，如果相互之間沒有直接的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)關(guān)系，可嘗試共同分擔(dān)技術(shù)的升級(jí)成本，而這不失為一種實(shí)用的解決方法。因此B選項(xiàng)“互相分?jǐn)偝杀尽闭_。A選項(xiàng)“與大公司合作”和D選項(xiàng)“信息技術(shù)人員的在職培訓(xùn)”在錄音中沒有信息提及；C選項(xiàng)“招聘更能勝任工作的員工”在錄音中雖有提及，但這是中小型企業(yè)面臨的第二個(gè)問題，并非實(shí)際解決中小型企業(yè)問題的方法，因此可排除。

18.單選題

Theproblemwithemploying（）peopleisthattheyoftendon’tstayinthejobforlong.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.overpriced

B.overqualified

C.overrated

D.overwhelmed

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。overpriced“定價(jià)過高的”；overqualified“資歷過高的，條