1、for的用法完全歸納用法1：(表目的)為了。如：They went out for a walk. 她們出去散步了。What did you do that for? 你干嗎這樣做？Thats what were here for. 這正是我們來的目的。Whats she gone for this time? 她這次去干什么去了？He was waiting for the bus. 她在等公共汽車。在一般狀況下，英語不用 for doing sth 來表達(dá)目的。如：她去那兒看她叔叔。誤：He went there for seeing his uncle.正：He went there t

2、o see his uncle.但是，若一種動(dòng)名詞已名詞化，則可與 for 連用表目的。如：He went there for swimming. 她去那兒游泳。(swimming 已名詞化)注意：若不是表目的，而是表因素、用途等，則其后可接動(dòng)名詞。用法2：(表利益)為，為了。如：What can I do for you? 你想要我什么？We study hard for our motherland. 我們?yōu)樽鎳W(xué)習(xí)。Would you please carry this for me? 請你替我提這個(gè)東西好嗎？Do more exercise for the good of your

3、 health. 為了健康你要多運(yùn)動(dòng)。有些后接雙賓語的動(dòng)詞(如 buy, choose, cook, fetch, find, get, order, prepare, sing, spare 等)，當(dāng)雙賓語易位時(shí)，一般用 for 來引出間接賓語，表達(dá)間接賓語為受益者。如：She made her daughter a dress. / She made a dress for her daughter. 她為她女兒做了件連衣裙。He cooked us some potatoes. / He cooked some potatoes for us. 她為我們煮了些土豆。注意，類似下面這樣的句

4、子必須用 for：He bought a new chair for the office. 她為辦公室買了張新辦公椅。(2) 注意不要按漢語字面意思，在某些及物動(dòng)詞后誤加介詞 for：她們決定在電視上為她們的新產(chǎn)品打廣告。誤：They decided to advertise for their new product on TV.正：They decided to advertise their new product on TV.注：advertise 可用作及物或不及物動(dòng)詞，但含義不同：advertise sth為賣出某物而打廣告；advertise for sth為尋找某物而打廣告。

5、如：advertise for a job=登廣告求職。由于受漢語“為”的影響，而此處誤加了介詞 for。類似地，漢語中的“為人民服務(wù)”，說成英語是 serve the people，而不是 serve for the people，“為某人的死報(bào)仇”，說成英語是 avenge sbs death，而不是 avenge for sbs death，等等。用法3：(表用途)用于，用來。如：Knives are used for cutting things. 小刀是用來切東西的。This knife is for cutting bread. 這把小刀是用于切面包的。Its a machine

6、for slicing bread. 這是切面包的機(jī)器。The doctor gave her some medicine for her cold. 醫(yī)生給了她某些感冒藥。用法4：為得到，為拿到，為獲得。如：He went home for his book. 她回家拿書。He went to his friend for advice. 她去向朋友請教。She often asked her parents for money. 她常常向父母要錢。We all hope for success. 我們都盼望成功。Are you coming in for some tea? 你要不要進(jìn)來喝

7、點(diǎn)茶？用法5：給(某人)，供(某人)用。如：Thats for you. 這是給你的。Here is a letter for you. 這是你的信。Have you room for me there? 你那邊能給我騰出點(diǎn)地方嗎？用法6：(表因素、理由)由于，由于。如：I am sorry for it. 對不起。Thank you for coming to see me. 謝謝你來看我。I couldnt speak for laughing. 我笑得說不出話來。He couldnt sleep for joy. 她快樂得不能入睡?！居梅U明】有些表因素的特殊構(gòu)造不適宜用介詞 for 來

8、引出，而用其她介詞。如：她由于努力工作而加了工資。誤：For the result of his hard work, he got a pay rise. 正：As a the result of his hard work, he got a pay rise.注：as a the result of 是習(xí)語，意為“由于的成果”。由于媽媽不在家，她只得自己做飯。誤：For Mother (being) away, she had to cook the meal herself.正：With Mother (being) away, she had to cook the meal her

9、self.注：“with+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語”可用來表達(dá)因素，此時(shí)的 with 不能換成 for。類似地，下例中的 with 也不能換成 for：With all this work to do, I dont know if Ill have time to go out. 有這樣多工作要做，我不知與否有時(shí)間出去。我們祝賀你的成功。誤：We congratulate you for your success. 正：We congratulate you on your success.注：congratulate 后習(xí)慣上接介詞 on 表達(dá)因素。用法7：(表目的、去向)去。如：Is this

10、bus for Chicago? 這輛公共汽車開往芝加哥嗎？Theyll leave for Beijing tomorrow. 明天她們動(dòng)身去北京。They set off for the shops. 她們買東西去了。Is this the train for Shanghai? 這是開往上海的火車嗎？Passengers for Tianjing must change at Beijing. 去天津的旅客必須在北京換車?！居梅U明】比較 for 與 to，兩者均可表達(dá)目的地，注意如下區(qū)別：for 一般與 leave, start, set out, set off, head, ste

11、er, depart, be bound, be destined 等動(dòng)詞連用，而 to 則一般與 come, drive, fly, get, go, lead, march, move, return, ride, run, travel, walk 等動(dòng)詞連用。如：We departed for London at 10 am. 我們上午10點(diǎn)動(dòng)身去倫敦。Then we drove to the station. 然后我們就開車去了車站。有時(shí)，同一種動(dòng)詞(如 sail)兩者均可連用，但含義稍有差別：用 for 一般只表達(dá)向著某目的地那個(gè)方向，并不強(qiáng)調(diào)達(dá)到的意思；而 to 具有達(dá)到某目的地

12、的意思。如：They sailed for Shanghai. 她們開船駛往廣州。They sailed to Shanghai. 她們開船駛至廣州。若與名詞連用，也有類似區(qū)別。如：There will be a train for Wuhan. 有開往武漢的火車。(僅表達(dá)向武漢方向，但在武漢未必是停靠站)There will be a train to Wuhan. 有開往武漢的火車。(開往武漢方向，且在武漢?？?(R56)順便說一句，也有的辭書持幾乎相反的觀點(diǎn)，覺得 for 與 to 表達(dá)目的地時(shí)，for 表達(dá)的是預(yù)定目的地，而to 表達(dá)的是假設(shè)將會(huì)達(dá)到的目的地。用法8：(表時(shí)間、距離、數(shù)

13、量等)達(dá)，計(jì)。如：Im going away for a few days. 我要走開幾天。Ive been here for ten years. 我來這兒有了。He walked for ten miles. 她走了10英里路。The shop sent me a bill for $50. 商店給我送來了一張50美元的賬單。【用法闡明】for 用于表達(dá)時(shí)間或距離的長度(特別是緊跟在動(dòng)詞之后)時(shí)，有時(shí)可省略。如：The meeting lasted (for) three days. 會(huì)議持續(xù)了3天。They walked (for) fifty miles. 她們走了50英里。但是當(dāng) f

14、or 短語位于句首或在否認(rèn)句中時(shí), for 一般不適宜省去。如：For ten years he lived here. 她在這里住過。We have not heard from him for a long time. 我們好久沒收到她的來信了。用法9：對，對于。如：Eggs are good for you. 雞蛋對你有好處。Reading in bed is bad for your eyes. 躺在床上看書對你的眼睛不好。Fortunately for me, the train was also late. 我很走運(yùn)，火車也晚點(diǎn)了?！居梅U明】有關(guān) for 與 to 表達(dá)“對來說”

15、時(shí)的區(qū)別，參見 to。用法10：(表適合)適于，適合。如：Do you have any books for children? 你有適合小孩子看的書嗎？He is the very person for the work. 她是最適合做這工作的人。Its a good place for a camp. 那是個(gè)露營的好地方。She bought some clothes for winter. 她買了些冬天穿的衣服。用法11：(表互換)換，以作互換。如：He gave her some magazines for her dictionary. 她用幾本雜志換她的字典。She bought

16、the skirt for $50. 她花了50美元買這條裙子。I bought a pound of apples for 70 cents. 我花了七角錢買了一磅蘋果。Dont translate word for word. 不要逐字硬譯。用法12：作為，當(dāng)作。如：Dont take him for a fool. 別把她當(dāng)傻瓜。He mistook a rope for a snake. 她把一條繩子誤覺得是蛇。He knew that for a fact. 她懂得那是事實(shí)。The missing persons were given up for dead. 人們都覺得那些失蹤的人

17、已死了。【用法闡明】用于此義時(shí)，有時(shí)相稱于 as, to be, as being，但要注意不同句型的搭配習(xí)慣。如：I took him for an honest man. / I took him to be honest. 我看她為人誠實(shí)。It was built for as a pleasure boat. 這船建作游艇之用。比較：He took her smile for agreement. 她把她的微笑視為批準(zhǔn)。Will you take me as your partner? 你把我看作你的合伙人好嗎？按老式語法，takefor 一般指誤覺得是，而 takeas to be

18、則重要指對的地覺得是。但在現(xiàn)代英語中，有時(shí)并未完全遵守此規(guī)則。但是與 mistake 連用的則一般是 for 而不是 as。如：We mistook the house for a hotel. 我們把那房子誤覺得旅館。用法13：(表支持、贊成)支持，贊成。如：Are you for or against the plan？你是支持還是反對這個(gè)籌劃？Im all for the young enjoying themselves. 我完全贊成年輕人多玩玩。用法14：(表基準(zhǔn))就來說，以而言，作為。如：Hes done well for a beginner. 作為新手，她干得較好。He is

19、heavy for a small boy. 作為一種小男孩而言，她的身體算重的了。She was short for her age. 就她的年齡來說，個(gè)子是矮了點(diǎn)。The day is cool for July. 在7月里這樣的日子算是涼爽的了。用法15：(表比例)每就。如：Plant three trees for every one that is cut down. 每砍一棵樹要種三棵樹。He has one enemy for a hundred friends. 她的敵人與朋友之比為一比一百。For every five who passed, there were two w

20、ho failed. 每5個(gè)人及格，就有2個(gè)不及格。For every mistake you make, youll lose half a mark. 你每犯一種錯(cuò)誤，就要扣去半分。【用法闡明】用于此義時(shí)，一般與 each, every 或數(shù)詞連用。用法16：代表，替代，代理。如：Whats the English for “中國”? 英語里“中國”怎么說？Whats the “C” for in “BBC”? BBC中的C代表什么？Red is for danger. 紅色代表危險(xiǎn)。Let me do it for you. 讓我替你做吧。The lawyer acted for him

21、 during the trial. 在審案期間由律師代表她行事。用法17：(表安排的時(shí)間)在，于。如：The appointment is for 10:30. 約會(huì)定在十點(diǎn)半。Weve invited our guests for 7 oclock. 我們已邀請我們的客人7點(diǎn)鐘來。Weve booked our holiday for the second week in July. 我們的假期安排在七月份的第二個(gè)星期。The next meeting was arranged for the tenth of May. 下次會(huì)議已定于5月10日舉辦?！居梅U明】用于此義時(shí)，for 重要指

22、安排或商定的時(shí)間，因此像下面兩例中的介詞 at，in 就不能換成 for。如：He gets up at six every day. 她每天6點(diǎn)鐘起床。He was born in September, 1988. 她出生于1988年9月。用法18：(表讓步)盡管，雖然。如：For all his money, hes a very lonely man. 她雖然富有，可是非常寂寞。For all his efforts, he didnt succeed. 盡管她做了諸多努力，卻仍然沒有成功。I love you, for all your shortcomings. 盡管你有諸多缺陷，但

23、我仍然愛你?！居梅U明】用于此義時(shí)，一般與 all 連用。(見上例) 用法19：(與不定式連用引出邏輯上的主語)。如：It is for you to decide. 該由你來決定。All I want is for us to be together. 我但愿的只是我們能在一起。Is there any need for me to go? 我有無必要去？He spoke too fast for her to follow. 她說得太快，她跟不上。It is a great pity for him to leave here so soon. 她這樣快就離開這里真是遺憾。It is da

24、ngerous for a small child to cross the road alone. 小孩子自己過馬路很危險(xiǎn)。For a bridge to collapse like that is unbelievable. 一座橋像那樣倒塌是不可想像的?！居梅U明】(1) 下面兩句同義，但以第一句為一般。如：老人快跑是危險(xiǎn)的。正：It is dangerous for an old man to run fast. 正：For an old man to run fast is dangerous. (2) 有時(shí)可表目的。如：Ive sent my coat away for it to

25、 be cleaned. 我把外衣送去洗了。For sales to increase, we must lower our prices. 為了增長銷量，我們必須減少價(jià)格。(3) 有時(shí)用于 than 后引出不定式的邏輯主語。如：Theres nothing worse than for a person to ill-treat a child. 沒有什么比虐待小孩更惡劣的了。own的用法形容詞 adj. 1.自己的 I saw the whole accident with my own eyes. 我親眼看到這次事故的全過程。2. 特有的及物動(dòng)詞 vt. 1. 有,擁有 He owns

26、three cars. 她有三輛汽車。 2. 承認(rèn)+(that) She owned that she had neglected her duty. 她承認(rèn)自己玩忽職守。 不及物動(dòng)詞 vi. 1. 承認(rèn)(+to) She owned to having known形容詞own(自己的,特有的)常和名詞所有格或形容詞性物主代詞ones (my / our / your / his / her / its / their)一起使用,以加強(qiáng)語調(diào)。使用own時(shí)應(yīng)注意下面幾點(diǎn): 1. 如果被修飾的名詞前沒有a, any, some, no, this, that等限定詞修飾時(shí),名詞所有格或形容詞性物主

27、代詞 + own直接前置修飾該名詞。例如: This is not my uncles own house.這不是我叔叔自己的房子。 She makes all her own clothes.她所有的衣服都是她自己做的。 2. 如果被修飾名詞前面已有a, any, some, no, this, that等限定詞修飾時(shí),名詞所有格或形容詞性物主代詞 + own就要與of構(gòu)成短語一起放在該名詞背面作后置定語。例如: She has a mind of her own.她頗有主見。 Ancient Chinese created this medical science of Chinas ow

28、n.古代中國人發(fā)明了這樣一種中國所特有的醫(yī)學(xué)。 I have some reasons of my own for wishing to do so.我有些想這樣干的理由。 3. 除上面所講的own常和名詞所有格或形容詞性物主代詞一起搭配,具有形容詞性做定語的狀況外,該構(gòu)造還具有名詞性,可以作賓語、表語、賓語補(bǔ)足語。例如: The workers took him as one of their own. (介詞賓語) Why buy clothes when you can make your own more cheaply. (動(dòng)詞賓語) We should make what weve

29、 learnt our own as soon as possible.(賓語補(bǔ)足語) I wont accept her gift because it isnt her own. (表語) 4. 名詞所有格或形容詞性物主代詞+ own中間還可以加very來加重語調(diào),表達(dá)“完全屬某人所有”。例如: You may keep the pamphlet for your very own.這本小冊子你完全可以保存著自己使用。 Do you like the soup?你喜歡這種湯嗎? The recipe is my very own.這完全是按照我自己的烹飪法燒煮的。 5. 具有own的習(xí)語搭

30、配歸納: be ones own man (woman)不受她人影響自己拿主意;自己做主 come into ones own得到自己應(yīng)得的東西 (如名譽(yù),信用);進(jìn)入繁盛期 hold ones own堅(jiān)守住;不被打敗;堅(jiān)持住;支撐住 call sth. ones own聲稱某物為自己所有 have (keep) sth. for ones own把某物據(jù)為己有 (all) on ones own(口)獨(dú)自地;獨(dú)立地;憑自己力量;積極地;自愿地 way的用法名詞 n. 1. 路,道路CCan you show me the way to the Post Office? 你能否告訴我去郵局的路

31、? 3. 路程,距離the SIts a long way to the railroad station. 到火車站路程很遠(yuǎn)。 4. 措施,方式C(+to-v)Scientists are trying to find ways to prevent disease. 科學(xué)家們正試圖找到避免疾病的措施。 5. 風(fēng)俗,作風(fēng)CI did not like the way he talked to me. 我不喜歡她跟我發(fā)言的方式。 6. 方面,點(diǎn)Their plan is recommendable in many ways. 她們的籌劃在許多方面都是可取的。7. 路途,路線SDo you kn

32、ow the way to the post office? 你懂得去郵局怎么走嗎?8. 供通過的地方;活動(dòng)范疇;余地the S9. 愿望,意愿If I had my way, Id go to the movies tonight. 如果我做得到的話,我今晚會(huì)去看電影。 11. 狀況;健康狀況SIm afraid shes in a bad way. 我想她是生病了。 復(fù)合形 comb.form (構(gòu)成形容詞或副詞)1. 表達(dá)沿.方向(的)(如:sideway) 2. 表達(dá).向(的)(如:a two-way radio雙向無線電)表達(dá)“方式”、“措施”，注意如下用法：1. 表達(dá)用某種措施或按

33、某種方式，一般用介詞 in。如：Do it (in) your own way. 按你自己的措施做吧。2. 表達(dá)做某事的方式或措施，其后可接不定式或 of doing sth。如：Its the best way of studying to study English. 這是學(xué)習(xí)英語的最佳措施。3. 其后一般可直接跟一種定語從句(不用任何引導(dǎo)詞)，也可跟由that 或 in which 引導(dǎo)的定語從句，但是其后的從句不能由 how 來引導(dǎo)。如：我不喜歡她說話的態(tài)度。正：I dont like the way he spoke. 正：I dont like the way that he sp

34、oke. 正：I dont like the way in which he spoke. 誤：I dont like the way how he spoke. 4. 注意如下各句 the way 的用法：Thats the way (=how) he spoke. 那就是她說話的方式。I think he is taking an active part insocial work. I agree with you_. A、in a way B、on the way C、by the way D、in the way 此題答案選A。一、in a way的用法 表達(dá)：在一定限度上，從某方面

35、說。如： In a way he was right.在某種限度上她是對的。 注：in a way也可說成in one way。 二、on the way的用法 1、表達(dá)：即將來(去)，就要來(去)。如： Spring is on the way.春天快到了。 Id better be on my way soon.我最佳還是快點(diǎn)兒走。 Radio forecasts said a sixth-grade wind was on the way.無線電預(yù)報(bào)說將有六級大風(fēng)。 2、表達(dá)：在路上，在行進(jìn)中。如： He stopped for breakfast on the way.她半途停下吃早點(diǎn)

36、。 We had some good laughs on the way.我們在路上好好笑了一陣子。 3、表達(dá)：(嬰兒)尚未出生。如： She has two children with another one on the way.她有兩個(gè)孩子，目前還懷著一種。 Shes got five children，and another one is on the way.她已有5個(gè)孩子了，另一種又快生了。 三、by the way的用法 1、表達(dá)：在途中的路旁。如： They stopped for a picnic by the way.她們途中停在路邊野餐。 2、表達(dá)：順便說，順便問 如：B

37、y the way，do you know where Mary lives?順便問一下，你懂得瑪麗住在哪里嗎? “Freddys had another crash.”“ Oh，yes?Poor old chap.By theway,have you heard from Joan recently?” “弗雷迪又撞車了?！薄笆菃?可憐的老伙計(jì)。順便問一聲，你近來收到瓊的信了嗎?” 四、in the way的用法 表達(dá)：擋路，礙事。如： Im afraid your car is in the way，恐怕你的汽車擋道了。 lt you are not going to help，at le

38、ast dont get in the way.如果你不肯幫忙，至少你不要阻礙人家。 注：in the way有時(shí)也可說成in sbs way。如： Youll have to moveyoure in my way.你得挪一挪，你擋我的路了。 Please dont stand in the kitchen dooryoure in my way.請別站在廚房門口你擋了我的路。 follow的用法及物動(dòng)詞 vt. 1. 跟隨My dog follows me to school. 我的狗跟著我去上學(xué)。Theboyfollowedhisfatherout. 孩子跟著她爸爸走了出去。 Hefol

39、lowedthepassengersontothetrain. 她隨著旅客一道上了火車。 YougofirstandIllfollow. 你先走，我跟著就來。2. 接在.之后Night follows day. 黑夜接著白天。 3.沿著.行進(jìn)Follow this road to the bridge.沿這條路始終走到橋邊。Followtheroaduntilyoucometothepostoffice,andyouwillfindthelibraryaroundthecorner. 順著馬路走到郵政局，拐彎的地方就是圖書館。Followthisroaduntilyougettothebrid

40、ge,thenturnleft.沿著這條路走到橋頭，再向左轉(zhuǎn)彎。4. 追趕;追逐;追求The dogs followed the fox. 這些狗一齊追趕著那狐貍。 5. 注視;密切注意The cat followed every movement of the mouse. 貓注視著老鼠的每一種動(dòng)作。 6. 傾聽7. 聽懂;領(lǐng)略Do you follow me? 你聽懂我的話了嗎? IcouldntfollowthatFrenchfilm. 那個(gè)法國電影我聽不懂。Ididntquitefollow;couldyouexplainitagain? 我不太明白，請?jiān)俳忉屢槐楹脝幔?. 聽從;采用

41、;信奉Follow my advice. 聽我的勸告。Ifollowedyouradvice. 我聽了你的勸告。 Youmustfollowtheteachingsofyourteachers. 你們必須聽從教師們的教導(dǎo)。9. 因.而產(chǎn)生Disease often follows malnutrition. 疾病常常起因于營養(yǎng)不良。 10. 從事(職業(yè)等) Whatprofessiondoyoufollow? 你從事何種職業(yè)？不及物動(dòng)詞 vi. 1. 跟隨He leads; we follow. 她帶路;我們跟隨。 2. 接著3. 聽懂;領(lǐng)略4. 成果產(chǎn)生He is wrong, but it does not follow that you are right. 她錯(cuò)了,但并不能由此推斷你是對的。 follow sb. to do sth.一般沒用【follow to do sth. 】不要按照漢語習(xí)慣，將漢語體現(xiàn)中的“跟著某人做某事”直譯為 follow sb to do sth, 而應(yīng)根據(jù)狀況選用合適的句型。如：我跟她去了車站。誤：I followed him to go to the station. 正：I followed him to the st