高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1山西省大同市平城區(qū)2025-2026學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期開學(xué)英語試題第一部分聽力（略）第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AWhetheryou’realongtimebookloverorsimplylookingtobeinspiredwhiletraveling,herearesomeliteraryfestivalsworthvisiting.JaipurLiteratureFestival,Jaipur,IndiaThiswell-knownfive-dayfestivalinthehistoricPinkCityofJaipurfirstbeganin2006asasmallgatheringforbooklovers.Sincethen,nearlyhalfamillionattendeeshavetraveledtoIndiaeveryyeartoparticipateintheliteraryfestivalwhereyoucanspotacelebrityeasily.Theatricaladaptationsofsomebookstakecenterstageonthefestival’sMusicStage.BrooklynBookFestival,NewYork,AmericaEverySeptember,Brooklynbecomesliteraryheavenforninedays.AsNewYorkCity’slargestfreeliteraryfestival,BrooklynBookFestivalwillcelebrateits20thyearthisfall.Thefestival’sliterarymarketplacefeaturesadiverseseriesofbookssolddirectlybyauthorsandpublishers.Forthosewhocan’tmakeittothefestivalinperson,there’savirtualfestivaldaytocatchthelineupoftalent.CalabashLiteraryFestival,TreasureBeach,JamaicaThisfestivalshowsthepowerofcommunityandbookstoitsfullest.Overthreedays,award-winningauthorsdeliverpowerfulwordsviaapassageselectedfromtheirlatestbook.Itisheldeveryotheryear.AfternoonsatCalabashLiteraryFestivalarespentinconversationoverglassesofwineatfamily-ownedJake’sHotel.InternationalLiteraryFestival,Berlin,GermanyThisfestivalinBerlinbringstogetherover200authorsandaround20,000attendees.Contemporarypoetry,nonfiction,andnovelsarealldiscussedatthistwo-week-longfestivaleveryspring.SpeakersinattendancethisyearincludeIsabelAllende,authorofTheHouseofSpirits.OneexcitingpartofthisfestivalisitsYoungProgram,whichofferschildrenandteenagersreadingsandworkshopsthatencourageculturaldiversity.1.Whichliteraryfestivalcanbeenjoyedbothatthesiteandonline?A.BrooklynBookFestival. B.JaipurLiteratureFestival.C.CalabashLiteraryFestival. D.InternationalLiteraryFestival.2.Whereistheliteraryfestivalthatlaststhelongestheld?A.InIndia. B.InJamaica. C.InGermany. D.InAmerica.3.InwhichwaydoesCalabashLiteraryFestivaldifferfromtheotherthreefestivals?A.Itsmainsponsorisahotel. B.Ittakesplacelessfrequently.C.Itsattendeesareallfamous. D.Itfavorsyoungadultauthors.【答案】1.A2.C3.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四個(gè)值得參加的文學(xué)節(jié)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)BrooklynBookFestival,NewYork,America部分“Forthosewhocan’tmakeittothefestivalinperson,there’savirtualfestivaldaytocatchthelineupoftalent.(對(duì)于那些不能親自到場的人，還有一個(gè)虛擬節(jié)日，可以觀看眾多才子的表演)”可知，對(duì)于那些不能親自到場的人，布魯克林圖書節(jié)還有一個(gè)虛擬節(jié)日日，即布魯克林圖書節(jié)可以在現(xiàn)場和網(wǎng)上參加和享受。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)JaipurLiteratureFestival,Jaipur,India部分“Thiswell-knownfive-dayfestivalinthehistoricPinkCityofJaipurfirstbeganin2006asasmallgatheringforbooklovers.(這個(gè)著名的文學(xué)節(jié)在歷史悠久的齋浦爾粉紅之城舉行，為期五天，最初是2006年為圖書愛好者舉辦的一次小型聚會(huì))”、BrooklynBookFestival,NewYork,America部分“EverySeptember,Brooklynbecomesliteraryheavenforninedays.(每年九月，布魯克林都會(huì)成為九天的文學(xué)天堂)”、CalabashLiteraryFestival,TreasureBeach,Jamaica部分“Overthreedays,award-winningauthorsdeliverpowerfulwordsviaapassageselectedfromtheirlatestbook.(在三天的時(shí)間里，獲獎(jiǎng)作家從他們的新書中挑選一段，傳達(dá)有力的文字)”以及InternationalLiteraryFestival,Berlin,Germany部分“ThisfestivalinBerlinbringstogetherover200authorsandaround20,000attendees.Contemporarypoetry,nonfiction,andnovelsarealldiscussedatthistwo-week-longfestivaleveryspring.(柏林的這個(gè)節(jié)日聚集了200多位作家和大約2萬名與會(huì)者。每年春天，在這個(gè)為期兩周的節(jié)日里，人們都會(huì)討論當(dāng)代詩歌、非小說類和小說)”可知，印度齋浦爾文學(xué)節(jié)持續(xù)五天，美國布魯克林圖書節(jié)持續(xù)九天，牙買加卡拉巴什文學(xué)節(jié)持續(xù)三天，德國柏林國際文學(xué)節(jié)持續(xù)兩周，故持續(xù)時(shí)間最長的文學(xué)節(jié)在德國舉行。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)CalabashLiteraryFestival,TreasureBeach,Jamaica部分“Itisheldeveryotheryear.(它每隔一年舉行一次)”以及JaipurLiteratureFestival,Jaipur,India部分“Thiswell-knownfive-dayfestivalinthehistoricPinkCityofJaipurfirstbeganin2006asasmallgatheringforbooklovers.(這個(gè)著名的文學(xué)節(jié)在歷史悠久的齋浦爾粉紅之城舉行，為期五天，最初是2006年為圖書愛好者舉辦的一次小型聚會(huì))”、BrooklynBookFestival,NewYork,America部分“EverySeptember,Brooklynbecomesliteraryheavenforninedays.(每年九月，布魯克林都會(huì)成為九天的文學(xué)天堂)”和InternationalLiteraryFestival,Berlin,Germany部分“ThisfestivalinBerlinbringstogetherover200authorsandaround20,000attendees.Contemporarypoetry,nonfiction,andnovelsarealldiscussedatthistwo-week-longfestivaleveryspring.(柏林的這個(gè)節(jié)日聚集了200多位作家和大約2萬名與會(huì)者。每年春天，在這個(gè)為期兩周的節(jié)日里，人們都會(huì)討論當(dāng)代詩歌、非小說類和小說)”可知，卡拉巴什文學(xué)節(jié)與其他三個(gè)節(jié)日的不同之處在于它每隔一年舉行一次，即舉行頻率較低。故選B項(xiàng)。BIwas21whenIbroketheworldrecordastheyoungestwomantoskisolo(獨(dú)自地)totheSouthPole.Onthehardestday,snowpileduptomyknees,thewindhowledlikeawildbeast,andthecoldpiercedthrougheverylayerofmyclothes.Mysledge(雪橇)feltheavierwitheachstep,mymusclesburning,andmybreathshallowinthethinair.ButIrefusedtostop.GrowingupinNorway,Iwaseasilyexposedtothewilderness.StoriesofRoaldAmundsen,thefirstmantoreachtheSouthPole,filledmewithwonder.Andthatwaswhenmydesiretoexplorenaturewasborn.Ispenthoursskiinginthemountains,campingunderstars,andstartingcampfireswithfrozenfingers.At14,Imadeabravedecision—toskiacrossGreenland.Mostpeopledoubtedme.Iwasjustunder5feettallandlookedmorelikeachildthananexplorer.ButLarsEbbesen,afamouspolarguide,sawmydeterminationandtrainedme.Hetaughtmehowtofixbrokenequipmentwithfrozenhandsandreadtheskyforsignsofdanger.“Youmustbestrongandsmart,”hetoldmeoverandover.Toprovemyself,IthenwentonatrainingtriptoFinnmark,wheredarknessruledandtemperaturesfellto-35℃.Ilearnedtosetuptentswithfrozenhandsandsleepthroughwindsthatshooktheearth.FinallyIsetoffwithLarsandittookus28daystocrossGreenland.Encouraged,at15,IdecidedmynextgoalwasAntarctica.Myfatherhelpedmemakeplans.Mymother,thoughcautious,eventuallysupportedme.WhenIfinallybeganmy1,130kmjourneytotheSouthPolelastNovember,Iwas21.Somedays,Icriedbehindmyglasses,strugglingthroughsnowstorms,draggingmyachingbodyforward.ButInevergaveup.Fifty-fourdayslater,IreachedtheSouthPole.Istoodinsilence,tearsfreezingonmycheeks.IsentLarsachickemoji—atlast,the“polaregg”hatched.4.Whatinspiredtheauthortoexplorenature?A.Herdesiretobreakarecord. B.HerloveforSouthPole.C.Hermother’sencouragement. D.HeradmirationforRoald.5.HowdidLarshelptheauthor?A.Byteachinghersurvivalskills. B.Byfinancingherexploration.C.Bytraininghertoskiskillfully. D.Byconvincingherparentstosupporther.6.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph4abouttheauthor?A.Shegatheredsomehands-onexperience. B.ShewenttoFinnmarkaccompaniedbyaguide.C.Shewaspraisedforhercouragebymanypeople. D.ShemetmanychallengeswhencrossingGreenland.7.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheauthor?A.Outgoingandcaring. B.Ambitiousandsensitive.C.Humorousandconsiderate. D.Adventurousanddetermined.【答案】4.D5.A6.A7.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者作為最年輕的獨(dú)自滑雪到南極的女性打破世界紀(jì)錄的經(jīng)歷，以及她從小對(duì)自然探索的熱愛和成長過程中的努力與堅(jiān)持?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“StoriesofRoaldAmundsen,thefirstmantoreachtheSouthPole,filledmewithwonder.Andthatwaswhenmydesiretoexplorenaturewasborn.(羅爾德·阿蒙森是第一個(gè)到達(dá)南極點(diǎn)的人，他的故事讓我充滿了驚奇。就在那時(shí)，我萌生了探索自然的愿望)”可知，作者對(duì)羅爾德的欽佩激發(fā)了她探索自然的欲望。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“ButLarsEbbesen,afamouspolarguide,sawmydeterminationandtrainedme.

Hetaughtmehowtofixbrokenequipmentwithfrozenhandsandreadtheskyforsignsofdanger.(但著名的極地向?qū)Ю瓲査埂ぐ２忌吹搅宋业臎Q心，并鍛煉我。他教我如何用凍僵的手修理損壞的設(shè)備，以及如何觀察天空尋找危險(xiǎn)的跡象)”可知，拉爾斯通過教她生存技能來幫助作者。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Toprovemyself,IthenwentonatrainingtriptoFinnmark,wheredarknessruledandtemperaturesfellto-35℃.Ilearnedtosetuptentswithfrozenhandsandsleepthroughwindsthatshooktheearth.FinallyIsetoffwithLarsandittookus28daystocrossGreenland.(為了證明自己，我去芬馬克進(jìn)行了一次訓(xùn)練，那里一片黑暗，氣溫降至零下35℃。我學(xué)會(huì)了用凍僵的手搭帳篷，在震動(dòng)大地的風(fēng)中入睡。最后我和拉爾斯一起出發(fā)了，我們花了28天穿越格陵蘭島)”可知，作者在穿越格陵蘭島時(shí)獲得了一些實(shí)際經(jīng)驗(yàn)。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Iwas21whenIbroketheworldrecordastheyoungestwomantoskisolototheSouthPole.(我21歲時(shí)打破了世界紀(jì)錄，成為獨(dú)自滑雪到南極的最年輕女性)”和最后一段中“WhenIfinallybeganmy1,130kmjourneytotheSouthPolelastNovember,Iwas21.Somedays,Icriedbehindmyglasses,strugglingthroughsnowstorms,draggingmyachingbodyforward.ButInevergaveup.Fifty-fourdayslater,IreachedtheSouthPole.(去年11月，當(dāng)我終于開始1130公里的南極之旅時(shí)，我21歲。有些日子，我戴著眼鏡哭泣，在暴風(fēng)雪中掙扎，拖著疼痛的身體向前走。但我從未放棄。五十四天后，我到達(dá)了南極)”可知，作者獨(dú)自滑雪到南極，從小就有探索自然的欲望，并且在面對(duì)困難時(shí)從不放棄，由此可推斷出，作者是有冒險(xiǎn)精神(adventurous)和決心的(determined)。故選D項(xiàng)。CThere’sanoldfolksaying:Becarefulnottokeepanuglyexpressiononyourface,forifthewindchanges,yourfeaturesmightsetthatway,leavingyoustuckwiththatunpleasantlookandmoodforever.Whoeverthose“oldwives”were,theymighthavebeenontosomething.Itseemsthattheattitudesweholdandthefacesweshowtoothersarecloselylinkedtothekindofpersonweultimatelybecomeontheinside.OlgaKhazan,astaffwriteratTheAtlantic,arguesthatwhatweperceiveas“personality”isn’tfixedorinborn;instead,it’samixofhabitualbehaviorsandattitudes.Inthissense,personalityissubjecttoreshapingbythewill.InMe,ButBetter,Ms.Khazandescribesherattemptstomodifyelementsofherownpersonalitybyadjustingtheso-calledbig-fivequalities:openness,responsibility,extroversion(外向),agreeablenessandemotionalmanagement.Ms.Khazan’sgoalistotransformherself,overthecourseofoneyear,fromadisagreeableintrovertintoasunny,livelyextrovert.Tofightagainstoverwhelminganxiety,sheforcesherselftotakerisksinthefree-for-allofimprovisational(即興的)comedy.Toovercomeahistoryofbeingabuzzkill,shesetsaboutthrowingparties,writesdownfunnystoriestoshare,stocksuponboardgamestokeepthemoodlight,andevenpracticesrespondingtojokeswithgenuinelaughterinsteadofahalf-heartedsmile,determinednottoletherusualpessimismdampenthemood.Sufferingfromtheawarenessthatshehaslongbeenanunreliablefriend,shedownloadsappsthathelphermeetstrangerswithwhomshemightdevelopalastingbond.ShejoinsZoomsessionsforangermanagement.Shepracticesmindfulness.Shefeedsthehomeless.Whileexploring“thescienceandpromiseofpersonalitychange”,asthebook’ssubtitlehasit,theauthorishumorouslyopenabouthersometimesembarrassingeffortstoovercomehermanyshortcomings.Herstraightforwardnesshastheeffectofgettingreadersonherside.We’rerootingforherand,tobehonest,we’rerootingforourselves,too.IfsomeoneoverlyanxiouslikeMs.Khazancanbecomecalmer,whoamonguscannot?8.Whatmessagedoestheoldfolksayingdeliver?A.Ourfaceoftenmirrorsourattitude. B.Outerexpressionscanshapeinnercharacter.C.Others’opinionsreflecthowwefeelinside. D.Changingweathermayinfluenceourmoods.9.WhatdoesKhazan’sbookmainlyfocuson?A.Fivequalitiesofhumanpersonality. B.Thepowerofbehaviorandattitudes.C.Theguidelinesonbecomingambitious. D.Apracticaljourneyofself-improvement.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“buzzkill”inparagraph3referto？A.Someonefearingloneliness. B.Someonelackingassistance.C.Someoneruiningtheenjoyment. D.Someonechanginghismindeasily.11.HowdoesKhazan’sexampleimpactthereaders？A.Itbringsthemhope. B.Itraisestheirdoubt.C.Itdiscouragesthemfromtrying. D.Ithelpsthemadmitweaknesses.【答案】8.B9.D10.C11.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章借奧爾加·哈扎的新書Me,ButBetter，介紹了“性格可重塑”理念?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段諺語的內(nèi)容“Becarefulnottokeepanuglyexpressiononyourface,forifthewindchanges,yourfeaturesmightsetthatway,leavingyoustuckwiththatunpleasantlookandmoodforever.(注意不要把難看的表情掛在臉上，因?yàn)槿绻L(fēng)向變了，你的容貌可能會(huì)變成那樣，讓你永遠(yuǎn)保持那種不愉快的表情和心情。)”和下文的句子“Itseemsthattheattitudesweholdandthefacesweshowtoothersarecloselylinkedtothekindofpersonweultimatelybecomeontheinside.(我們所持的態(tài)度和我們向別人展示的面孔似乎與我們最終成為什么樣的人密切相關(guān)。)”可知，諺語強(qiáng)調(diào)外在表情與態(tài)度會(huì)反向塑造內(nèi)在性格。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段的句子“InMe,ButBetter,Ms.Khazandescribesherattemptstomodifyelementsofherownpersonalitybyadjustingtheso-calledbig-fivequalities:openness,responsibility,extroversion(外向),agreeablenessandemotionalmanagement.(在Me,ButBetter一書中，卡贊描述了她通過調(diào)整所謂的五大品質(zhì)（開放、負(fù)責(zé)、外向、宜人性和情緒管理）來修改自己性格元素的嘗試。)”和第三段的句子“Ms.Khazan’sgoalistotransformherself,overthecourseofoneyear,fromadisagreeableintrovertintoasunny,livelyextrovert.(卡贊的目標(biāo)是，在一年的時(shí)間里，把自己從一個(gè)不討人喜歡的內(nèi)向者變成一個(gè)陽光、活潑的外向者。)”以及下文提到的她的具體做法可知，第二、三段介紹Khazan用一年時(shí)間通過即興喜劇、辦派對(duì)、練幽默、交新朋友等具體行動(dòng)，把“難相處內(nèi)向者”變成“陽光外向者”，全書記錄這一自我改造過程。故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線單詞上文的“Toovercomeahistoryof”和下文提到的她的做法“shesetsaboutthrowingparties,writesdownfunnystoriestoshare,stocksuponboardgamestokeepthemoodlight,andevenpracticesrespondingtojokeswithgenuinelaughterinsteadofahalf-heartedsmile,determinednottoletherusualpessimismdampenthemood(她開始舉辦派對(duì)，寫下有趣的故事來分享，囤積棋盤游戲來保持輕松的心情，甚至練習(xí)用真誠的笑聲來回應(yīng)笑話，而不是半心半意的微笑，決心不讓她平時(shí)的悲觀情緒影響心情)”可知，她要克服的肯定是讓人掃興的行為，所以劃線單詞buzzkill的意義為“掃興的人”。故選C項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的句子“Herstraightforwardnesshastheeffectofgettingreadersonherside.We’rerootingforherand,tobehonest,we’rerootingforourselves,too.IfsomeoneoverlyanxiouslikeMs.Khazancanbecomecalmer,whoamonguscannot?(她的直率使讀者站在她這一邊。我們支持她，說實(shí)話，我們也支持我們自己。如果像卡贊這樣過度焦慮的人都能變得平靜，那么我們當(dāng)中誰又不能呢？)”可知，她的例子讓讀者看到改變的可能，從而心生希望。故選A項(xiàng)。DMostofusgrowupbelievingthatthecolorsweseearoundusformthecompletepalette(調(diào)色板)oftheworld.YetateamofresearchersattheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley,haschallengedthatassumptionbyrevealingacolorthathadneverbeforeenteredhumanvision.RenNg,aprofessorofelectricalengineeringandcomputerscience,togetherwithAustinRoorda,aprofessorofvisionscience,madethisgroundbreakingworkpossible.TheirteamdevelopedanexperimentalplatformnamedOz,capableofstimulatingindividualphotoreceptorcells(感光細(xì)胞)intheretina(視網(wǎng)膜)withextraordinaryprecision.Insteadofmerelypresentingfamiliarshades,Ozcreatessignalsinawaythatgeneratesentirelynovelvisualexperiences.Thescientistslikenedtheirexplorationtoajourneyintoabrand-newterritory.Theyfoundthemselvesfacetofacewithsomethingbrilliantandwhollyunfamiliar.BydirectingfinelytunedlaserbeamsontoMconecells—thereceptorstypicallyassociatedwithperceivinggreen—theydiscoveredacolorbeyondanythingnatureprovides.Thisstrikingnewcolorwasnamed“olo”byleadauthorJamesCarlFong.Ngadmittedthatheinitiallyexpectedsomethinglikethe“greenestgreen”imaginable.Instead,whatappearedwasablue-greenthatdidn’tmatchanystandardcolor.Onlyfivepeoplehavebeenabletowitnessit,becauserunningOzrequiresextremeprecisionandstrictsafetymeasures.Thesystemmustaccountfortheeye’sconstantmicro-movementswhilekeepinglaserexposurewithinsafelimits.Farfrombeingamerecuriosity,thisdiscoveryraisesprofoundquestionsabouthumanperception.Iftechnologycanfind“olo”,howmanyotherhiddencolorsmightawaitdiscovery?Considertetrachromacy(四色視覺),arareconditionenablingcertainindividuals—mostlywomen—toseehundredsofmillionsofcolorsinvisibletomostpeople.Ngwondersifavast,unexploredareaofcolorcouldexistbeyondourcurrentunderstandingwherecolorslike“olo”areonlythestart.12.WhatcanweknowabouttheOzplatform？A.Itgeneratesartificialcells. B.Itcausesnewcolorstoemerge.C.Itisnamedafteritscreator. D.Itworkslikehumans’retinas.13.Whatisspecialaboutthecolor“olo”?A.Itisacommoncolorfoundinnature. B.Itisthegreenestgreenthatcanbeimagined.C.Itisacolorthatdoesn’tmatchanystandardone. D.Itcanonlybeseenbypeoplewithtetrachromacy.14.Whyistetrachromacymentioned?A.TodescribehowtheOzsystemoperates.B.Tostresstheuniquevisionpowerofwomen.C.Toexplaintheprinciplebehindtheexperiment.D.Toillustratethepossibilityofdiscoveringunseencolors.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ABreakthroughinHumanVision B.HowDidScientistsFindaNewCell?C.TheDiscoveryofaNever-Before-SeenColor D.CouldThereBeMoreColorsWeCannotSee?【答案】12.B13.C14.D15.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，文章介紹加州大學(xué)伯克利分校團(tuán)隊(duì)利用實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺(tái)Oz首次刺激人眼M錐細(xì)胞，發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種前所未見的顏色“olo”，并探討了人類色覺極限及未來發(fā)現(xiàn)更多隱藏顏色的可能性?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“TheirteamdevelopedanexperimentalplatformnamedOz,capableofstimulatingindividualphotoreceptorcellsintheretinawithextraordinaryprecision.(他們的團(tuán)隊(duì)開發(fā)了一個(gè)名為Oz的實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺(tái)，能夠以極高的精度刺激視網(wǎng)膜中的單個(gè)感光細(xì)胞。)”可知，Oz通過精準(zhǔn)刺激使人產(chǎn)生全新視覺體驗(yàn)，即“讓新顏色出現(xiàn)”，故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Instead,whatappearedwasablue-greenthatdidn’tmatchanystandardcolor.(相反，出現(xiàn)的是一種與任何標(biāo)準(zhǔn)顏色都不匹配的藍(lán)綠色。)”可知，“olo”與所有標(biāo)準(zhǔn)顏色都不匹配，故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Considertetrachromacy,arareconditionenablingcertainindividuals—mostlywomen—toseehundredsofmillionsofcolorsinvisibletomostpeople.(考慮四色視覺，這是一種罕見狀況，使某些個(gè)體——大多是女性——能夠看到數(shù)以億計(jì)對(duì)大多數(shù)人不可見的顏色。)”可知，用四色視覺為例說明可能存在大量人類尚未發(fā)現(xiàn)的隱藏顏色，故選D項(xiàng)。【15題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“YetateamofresearchersattheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley,haschallengedthatassumptionbyrevealingacolorthathadneverbeforeenteredhumanvision.(然而，加州大學(xué)伯克利分校的一個(gè)研究團(tuán)隊(duì)打破了這種認(rèn)知——他們發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種從未進(jìn)入人類視覺的顏色。)”可知，全文圍繞“發(fā)現(xiàn)全新顏色olo”這一突破性旅程展開，C項(xiàng)“TheDiscoveryofaNever-Before-SeenColor”最準(zhǔn)確地概括了核心內(nèi)容，故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Ifyou’relookingforreasonstostarttrainingyourself-discipline,thenyoucanbeginbylookingatthebenefitsofbeingself-disciplined.Herearesomepointsyoumaybeinterestedin.?ImprovedphysicalhealthIfyou’reself-disciplined,you’llbebetterabletosaynototheurgestoconductunhealthybehaviorslikeovereating,excessivedrinking,andsmoking.___16___.Suchbehaviorsincludeexercisingregularly,maintainingahealthydietandlifestyle,andevenmakingbehavioralchanges.?___17___Alackofself-disciplinecanleadtoprocrastination(拖延).Itcanalsoleadtoinabilitytoreachimportantgoals.Ifyoutendtoprocrastinate,youmayfindyourselfoftenworkingunderpressureandstrugglingtomeetdeadlines.Ifyou’reunabletoreachimportantgoals,itcancausestressandanxietyaboutthefutureandchipawayatyourself-confidence.Butifyoucanlearnself-discipline,you’llfindthatyou’relessstressedandanxiousbecauseyou’relivinguptoyourexpectationsanddoingwhatyousetouttodo.___18___.?Increasedself-worthandhappinessSelf-disciplineincreasesself-worthbecausewhenyouachievethegoalsyousetforyourself,youbuildbeliefandconfidenceinyourself.Eachachievement,nomatterhowsmall,isabuildingblock.___19___.Theyincreaseyourhappiness,too.Studiesshowthatthemoreproductivepeopleare,thehappiertheyfeel.?BetterinterpersonalskillsLearningself-disciplineisgreatforrelationships.___20___.Beingabletostopforamomentandreflectonhowyoufeelbeforeactingisanimportantinterpersonalskill.Ithelpsyouhandleconflicteffectivelywithoutbecomingoverlyprotectiveorlosingyourtemperandreactingangrily.A.ReducedstressandanxietyB.LessprocrastinationandmorerealisticexpectationsC.Asamatteroffact,self-disciplineisnotabouthowyouactD.ItwillalsobringpositiveemotionsandmakeyoufeelgoodaboutyourselfE.Aself-disciplinedpersonisbetterabletomanageemotionsintelligentlyF.Additionally,you’llfinditeasiertosticktobehaviorsthatpromotewell-beingG.Anumberofthemgraduallyformafirmbasisofbeliefandconfidencewithinyou【答案】16.F17.A18.D19.G20.E【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了自律的好處?！?6題詳析】前一句“Ifyou’reself-disciplined,you’llbebetterabletosaynototheurgestoconductunhealthybehaviorslikeovereating,excessivedrinking,andsmoking.(如果你是自律的，你就能更好地對(duì)不健康行為的沖動(dòng)說不，比如暴飲暴食、酗酒和吸煙。)”講的是自律可以幫助你拒絕不健康的行為，后一句“Suchbehaviorsincludeexercisingregularly,maintainingahealthydietandlifestyle,andevenmakingbehavioralchanges.(這些行為包括定期鍛煉，保持健康的飲食和生活方式，甚至是行為上的改變。)”列舉了積極健康的行為(如規(guī)律鍛煉、健康飲食等)，中間空格應(yīng)起到“承接上句，引出下句”的作用，說明自律不僅能拒絕壞行為，還能堅(jiān)持好行為。選項(xiàng)F“Additionally,you’llfinditeasiertosticktobehaviorsthatpromotewell-being(此外，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)更容易堅(jiān)持促進(jìn)健康的行為)”承接上文的“拒絕不良行為”，引出“堅(jiān)持促進(jìn)健康的行為”，與后文列舉內(nèi)容緊密呼應(yīng)。故選F項(xiàng)。【17題詳析】空格處是段落的小標(biāo)題，根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容“Butifyoucanlearnself-discipline,you’llfindthatyou’relessstressedandanxiousbecauseyou’relivinguptoyourexpectationsanddoingwhatyousetouttodo.(但是如果你能學(xué)會(huì)自律，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)你的壓力和焦慮減少了，因?yàn)槟悴还钾?fù)你的期望，做你開始做的事情。)”可知，該段主要強(qiáng)調(diào)自律可以減少壓力和焦慮。所以A項(xiàng)“Reducedstressandanxiety(減少焦慮和壓力)”作為該部分的小標(biāo)題，符合語境。故選A項(xiàng)。【18題詳析】空格處的句子“Butifyoucanlearnself-discipline,you’llfindthatyou’relessstressedandanxiousbecauseyou’relivinguptoyourexpectationsanddoingwhatyousetouttodo.(但是如果你能學(xué)會(huì)自律，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)你的壓力和焦慮減少了，因?yàn)槟悴还钾?fù)你的期望，做你開始做的事情。)”講自律能減少壓力和焦慮，因你達(dá)成了自己的目標(biāo)?？崭裉帒?yīng)為對(duì)前面內(nèi)容的進(jìn)一步補(bǔ)充。選項(xiàng)D“Itwillalsobringpositiveemotionsandmakeyoufeelgoodaboutyourself(它也會(huì)帶來積極的情緒，讓你自我感覺良好)”進(jìn)一步說明自律的好處，填入空格處，符合語境。故選D項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】前一句“Eachachievement,nomatterhowsmall,isabuildingblock.(每一項(xiàng)成就，無論多么小，都是一個(gè)基石。)”講的是每一次成就都是自信的基石，后一句“Theyincreaseyourhappiness,too.(它們也會(huì)增加你的幸福感。)”說這些成就也提升了幸福感?？崭裉帒?yīng)是對(duì)“成就積累自信”的進(jìn)一步說明。選項(xiàng)G“Anumberofthemgraduallyformafirmbasisofbeliefandconfidencewithinyou(許多這樣的成就逐漸在你內(nèi)心建立起堅(jiān)定的信念和自信)”承接“buildingblock”的比喻，自然過渡到幸福感的提升，邏輯清晰、語言連貫。故選G項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】本段講自律對(duì)人際關(guān)系的積極影響。前句“Learningself-disciplineisgreatforrelationships.(學(xué)會(huì)自律對(duì)人際關(guān)系大有裨益。)”講自律對(duì)人際關(guān)系有好處，后句“Beingabletostopforamomentandreflectonhowyoufeelbeforeactingisanimportantinterpersonalskill.Ithelpsyouhandleconflicteffectivelywithoutbecomingoverlyprotectiveorlosingyourtemperandreactingangrily.(能夠在行動(dòng)之前停下來思考一下自己的感受是一項(xiàng)重要的人際交往技巧。它可以幫助你有效地處理沖突，而不會(huì)變得過度保護(hù)或發(fā)脾氣和生氣。)”具體說明自律如何幫助控制情緒從而提升人際交往能力。選項(xiàng)E“Aself-disciplinedpersonisbetterabletomanageemotionsintelligently(自律的人更能明智地管理情緒)”承上啟下，既說明自律與人際關(guān)系的聯(lián)系，又為下文“控制情緒”提供了支持。故選E項(xiàng)。第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。WhenIwastwelve,lifetookaturn.Myfather____21____hisjob,andsoon,hemovedtoanothercityinsearchofnewopportunities.Gradually,mymothergrewwearyand____22____stayinginbedforhours,andrefusingtotalktoothers.Astheoldestchild,IsuddenlyfoundthatIhadmany____23____:cookingmeals,cleaningthehouse,and____24____myyoungerbrothers.Atschool,Itriedmybestto____25____howlostIfelt.Isatsilentlyinclass,fearingsomeonemightaskaboutmylifeat____26____.Butoneafternooninascienceclass,something____27____happened.Ourteacherdemonstratedhowtomeasurethetemperatureofvariousliquidswithathermometer(溫度計(jì)).AsIwatchedthe____28____climbanddrop,somethinginsideme____29____.Forthefirsttimeinweeks,Ifelt____30____insteadofanxious.Ibeganstayingafterclass,askingquestions,checkingoutsciencebooksfromthelibrary,andevendoingsmall____31____inthekitchen.Iwouldboilwatertowatchsteamrise,ormixbakingsodawithvinegar—Iwasn’tjustkillingtime.Iwas____32____anewworldwherecauseandeffectmadesense,aworldwithrulesIcouldunderstand.Istartedwritingnotesanddrawingdiagramsinanotebook.____33____,Ibecameknownasthe“sciencekid”atschool.Whenhomelifefelttooheavytoputintowords,Iturnedtoexperiments.Theydidn’t____34____everyissue,buttheygavemesomethingsolidtoholdonto.Science,inthemiddleofthat____35____,becamemywayforward.21.A.changed B.took C.lost D.ignored22.A.quiet B.embarrassed C.confident D.impatient23.A.choices B.skills C.hobbies D.responsibilities24.A.waitingfor B.watchingover C.dependingon D.learningfrom25.A.hide B.explain C.prove D.recall26.A.school B.home C.work D.hospital27.A.necessary B.unreasonable C.unexpected D.practical28.A.speed B.light C.weight D.number29.A.hurt B.remained C.returned D.clicked30.A.curious B.proud C.confused D.tired31.A.duties B.services C.repairs D.experiments32.A.controlling B.exploring C.creating D.sharing33.A.Secretly B.Obviously C.Gradually D.Originally34.A.address B.record C.confirm D.raise35.A.competition B.chaos C.discussion D.plan【答案】21.C22.A23.D24.B25.A26.B27.C28.D29.D30.A31.D32.B33.C34.A35.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者在十二歲時(shí)，父親失業(yè)，家庭陷入困境，母親變得消沉，作者不得不承擔(dān)起家庭的重?fù)?dān)，在學(xué)校時(shí)，作者通過科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)找到了心靈的慰藉和前進(jìn)的方向?！?1題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我父親失去了工作，很快，他搬到另一個(gè)城市尋找新的機(jī)會(huì)。A.changed改變；B.took拿走；C.lost失去；D.ignored忽視。根據(jù)后文“hemovedtoanothercityinsearchofnewopportunities”可知，父親搬到另一個(gè)城市尋找新的機(jī)會(huì)，說明他失去了工作。故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：漸漸地，我母親變得厭倦，安靜地躺在床上幾個(gè)小時(shí)，拒絕與他人交談。A.quiet安靜的，沉默寡言的；B.embarrassed尷尬的；C.confident自信的；D.impatient不耐煩的。根據(jù)后文“stayinginbedforhours,andrefusingtotalktoothers”可知，母親躺在床上幾個(gè)小時(shí)，拒絕與他人交談，說明她很安靜。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：作為家中的長子，我突然發(fā)現(xiàn)自己有了許多責(zé)任：做飯、打掃房子和照顧年幼的弟弟們。A.choices選擇；B.skills技能；C.hobbies愛好；D.responsibilities責(zé)任。根據(jù)后文“cookingmeals,cleaningthehouse”可知，做飯、打掃房子這些都是作者的責(zé)任。故選D項(xiàng)。【24題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意同上。A.waitingfor等待；B.watchingover照顧；C.dependingon依靠；D.learningfrom向……學(xué)習(xí)。根據(jù)前文“mymothergrewwearyandstayinginbedforhours,andrefusingtotalktoothers.”和后文“myyoungerbrothers”可知，母親躺在床上，不再管瑣事，所以作者需要照顧年幼的弟弟們。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在學(xué)校，我盡力隱藏自己的失落感。A.hide隱藏；B.explain解釋；C.prove證明；D.recall回憶。根據(jù)后文“Isatsilentlyinclass,fearingsomeonemightaskaboutmylife”可知，作者害怕別人問起自己的生活，所以盡力隱藏自己的失落感。故選A項(xiàng)?！?6題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在課堂上，我靜靜地坐著，害怕有人會(huì)問起我在家的生活。A.school學(xué)校；B.home家；C.work工作；D.hospital醫(yī)院。根據(jù)上文“ Myfather

hisjob,andsoon,hemovedtoanothercityinsearchofnewopportunities”提到父親失業(yè)，母親消沉，作者承擔(dān)家庭責(zé)任可知，作者害怕有人問起他在家的生活。故選B項(xiàng)。【27題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但在一個(gè)科學(xué)課的下午，意外的事情發(fā)生了。A.necessary必要的；B.unreasonable不合理的；C.unexpected意外的；D.practical實(shí)際的。根據(jù)前文“Atschool,ItriedmybesttohowlostIfelt.Isatsilentlyinclass,fearingsomeonemightaskaboutmylifeat.”和后文“Forthefirsttimeinweeks,Ifeltinsteadofanxious.Ibeganstayingafterclass,askingquestions,checkingoutsciencebooksfromthelibrary,andevendoingsmallinthekitchen.”可知，作者之前盡力隱藏自己的失落感，想扮演一個(gè)隱形人，但科學(xué)課后，他開始對(duì)一些事情產(chǎn)生了熱情，所以這是作者之前沒有預(yù)料到的事情。故選C項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我看著數(shù)字上升和下降時(shí)，我內(nèi)心的某個(gè)東西突然明白了。A.speed速度；B.light光；C.weight重量；D.number數(shù)字。根據(jù)前文“Ourteacherdemonstratedhowtomeasurethetemperatureofvariousliquidswithathermometer”可知，老師用溫度計(jì)測量各種液體的溫度，所以作者看著數(shù)字上升和下降。故選D項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我看著數(shù)字上升和下降時(shí)，