高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1四川省自貢市某學(xué)校2024-2025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期開學(xué)考試英語試卷第一部分聽力(略)第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AAboutScholasticKidsPressScholasticKidsPressisagroupoftalentedkidreporters,ages10-14,fromacrossthecountryandaroundtheworld.Since2000,ouraward-winningyoungjournalistshavereported“newsforkids,bykids”,coveringpolitics,entertainmenttheenvironment,sportsandmoreintheirhometownsandonthenationalstage.TheirstoriesappearonlineandinScholasticmagazines,whichreachmorethan25millionstudentsinclassroomsnationwide.ScholasticKidReportershavemadeheadlines（頭條）byinterviewingPulitzerPrize-winningcomposerLin-ManuelMiranda,environmentalistJaneGoodall,LibrarianofCongressCarlaHayden,NobelPeacePrizewinnerMalalaYousafzai,DogManauthorDavPilkey,actressMistyCopelandandmore.ContactInfoEmailusatkidspress@.Howtoapply?WearenowacceptingKidReporterapplicationsforthe2023-2024programyear.Learnmoreanddownloadtheapplicationhere.TheapplicationtojoinScholasticKidsPressincludeswritinganewsstory,storyideasandapersonalarticle.EditorsselectKidReporterseveryyearbasedonwritingability,interviewingskillsandattentiontodetail.Tobeconsidered,applicantsmustbebetween10-14.Studentsinanypartoftheworldarewelcometoapply.WhatdoScholasticKidReporterswriteabout?Throughouttheyear,ScholasticKidReporterscoverissuesandtopicsthatmattermosttothemandtheirpeers(同齡人).Thisincludescurrentevents,breakingnews,entertainment,sportsandmorefromtheircommunities.TheKidReporterapplicationisnowopen!Clickheretolearnmore.1.Whydoestheauthormentionsomepeopleinthesecondparagraph?A.ToshowScholasticKidReporters’success.B.TointroduceScholasticKidReporters’variousreaders.C.ToproveScholasticKidReporters’effectsonfamouspeople.D.TotellusthetopicsScholasticKidReportersvalue.2.WhatdoesScholasticKidsPresspaymuchattentiontoabouttheapplicants?A.Theplacetheycomefrom. B.Theirage.C.Theirpersonalexperience. D.Thelanguagetheyspeak.3.WhatdoScholasticKidReportersmainlycover?A.Skillsinmakingdeliciousfood. B.Storiesoftheirparents.C.Themostimportantthingsforkids. D.Houseworksuitableforchildren.【答案】1.A2.B3.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章講述了一家兒童新聞機(jī)構(gòu)招聘小記者。它有一群才華橫溢的小記者，年齡在10到14歲之間，來自全國各地和世界各地。自2000年以來，屢獲殊榮的年輕記者報道“兒童新聞”，涵蓋政治、娛樂、環(huán)境、體育等?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“ScholasticKidReportershavemadeheadlines（頭條）byinterviewingPulitzerPrize-winningcomposerLin-ManuelMiranda,environmentalistJaneGoodall,LibrarianofCongressCarlaHayden,NobelPeacePrizewinnerMalalaYousafzai,DogManauthorDavPilkey,actressMistyCopelandandmore.(“學(xué)院派兒童記者”采訪普利策獎得主、作曲家林-曼努埃爾·米蘭達(dá)、環(huán)保主義者簡·古道爾、國會圖書館館長卡拉·海登、諾貝爾和平獎得主馬拉拉·尤薩夫扎伊、《狗人》作者戴維·普爾基、女演員米斯蒂·科普蘭等人，成為頭條新聞。)”可知，第二段提到的這些人名都是一些著名人物，學(xué)院派兒童記者能夠采訪到這些人，說明很成功。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Howtoapply?中的“Tobeconsidered,applicantsmustbebetween10-14.(申請人年齡必須在10-14歲之間。)”可知，申請人的年齡必須在10-14歲之間，這是需要關(guān)注的。故選B項(xiàng)。【3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WhatdoScholasticKidReporterswriteabout?中的“Throughouttheyear,ScholasticKidReporterscoverissuesandtopicsthatmattermosttothemandtheirpeers(同齡人).(在這一年中，學(xué)術(shù)兒童記者會報道對他們和他們的同齡人最重要的問題和話題。)”可知，小記者會報道對他們和他們的同齡人最重要的問題和話題。故選C項(xiàng)。BFor18years,I’vefearedtheyearlyeventofwritinga“visionstatement(愿景宣言)”forourson,Ethan.Hehasautism(自閉癥).Intheory,thevisionstatementisalovelyidea—anopportunityforparentstoexpressthefuturetheyplanfortheirchildfiveyearsdowntheroad.Inreality,asEthangrewupandhislimitationsbecameclearer,Ifoundithardereveryyeartowritetheshortparagraph.Thisyear,asEthancompletedhisfinalyearintheschoolsystem,wesignedEthanuptoworkatalocalfarmthatemploysyoungadultswithdisabilitiesassumingitwouldgothewayhealwayshas.He’dbeinterestedatfirst,thenbored,andthen—becausehewasbored—sillyandunsafearoundtheequipmentinawaythatwouldgethimremovedfromtheprogram.Itwashispatternandifthere’sanythingwe’velearned,autistickidsloverepeatingtheirpatterns.Surprisingly,afterayear,weweretoldhe’dmadeitontoalandscapingteam.“Whatdoyoudointheteam?”weasked.Ethanlistedafewmachinesweassumedhewaswatchingotherpeopleoperate.We’velivedwithEthanfor21years.Weknowhislimitations.Atourlastmeetingforthevisionstatement,amanfromthefarmreadareportonEthan.Ethanwasoperatingthosemachines,safelyandeffectively,alongwiththefinalline:“Ethanmakesuslaugheveryday.”Icouldhardlybelieveit.Ethanwrotehisownvisionstatementthisyear.Hereaditaloud:“IplantoworkatProspectMeadowFarmuntilIretireandlive.athomewithmyfamilyaslongasIcan.Mygoalsforthefuturearetolearnhowtodrivealawnmower(割草機(jī)).”Ihadtearsinmyeyes.NotsimplybecauseEthanhadmadehisownentirelyreasonablevisionstatement,butbecauseitinvolvedthepartofhispresentlifethatbringshimjoy.Afteryearsofmakingupvisionsforafutureweneverhonestlythoughtpossible,Ethanwasofferingonethatwasbothhopefulandextremelysimple:IwantmylifetokeeplookingthewayitdoesNOW.4.Howdidtheauthorfeelaboutwritingavisionstatementforherson?A.Itwasdifficult. B.Itwasboring.C.Itwasannoying. D.Itwasembarrassing.5.WhydoestheauthormentionEthan’spatterninparagraph2?A.ToshowherconcernforEthan’ssafety.B.Toshowherfamiliaritywithautistickids.C.ToshowherlowexpectationsforEthan’sfarmjob.D.ToshowherspecialresponsibilityasEthan’sparent.6.HowdidEthanbehaveonthefarm?A.Hewentbeyondhislimits.B.Hemadesillymistakes.C.Helikedwatchingothersworking.D.Hecouldhardlygetalongwithothers.7.Whichstatementwilltheauthorprobablyagreewith?A.Successisbuiltonfailure.B.Neverlosefaithinyourhighgoals.C.Familysupporthelpstodevelopconfidence.D.Thefutureshouldlooklikethebestpartsofthepresent.【答案】4.A5.C6.A7.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者的兒子伊森患有自閉癥，但是兒子參加一個農(nóng)場團(tuán)隊(duì)后努力改變自己，給別人帶去了歡樂，同時自己也感到了快樂?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“Inreality,asEthangrewupandhislimitationsbecameclearer,Ifoundithardereveryyeartowritetheshortparagraph.(事實(shí)上，隨著伊桑的成長，他的缺陷也越來越明顯，我發(fā)現(xiàn)寫這簡短的一段話一年比一年難。)”可知，作者對為兒子寫愿景宣言時感到很困難。故選A?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“He’dbeinterestedatfirst,thenbored,andthen—becausehewasbored—sillyandunsafearoundtheequipmentinawaythatwouldgethimremovedfromtheprogram.Itwashispatternandifthere’sanythingwe’velearned,autistickidsloverepeatingtheirpatterns.(他一開始會感興趣，然后感到無聊，然后——因?yàn)樗械綗o聊——在設(shè)備周圍變得愚蠢和不安全，以至于他會被踢出這個項(xiàng)目。如果我們學(xué)到什么的話，這是他的模式：自閉癥兒童喜歡重復(fù)他們的模式。)”可知，作者在第二段提到了伊森的模式是為了表示她對兒子在農(nóng)場工作表現(xiàn)的期望值不高。故選C?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的“Ethanwasoperatingthosemachines,safelyandeffectively,alongwiththefinalline:“Ethanmakesuslaugheveryday.”Icouldhardlybelieveit.(伊森安全有效地操作著這些機(jī)器，最后一句是：“伊森每天都讓我們開懷大笑?！蔽液喼辈桓蚁嘈拧?”可知，伊桑在農(nóng)場的表現(xiàn)超越了自己的局限。故選A。【7題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Ihadtearsinmyeyes.NotsimplybecauseEthanhadmadehisownentirelyreasonablevisionstatement,butbecauseitinvolvedthepartofhispresentlifethatbringshimjoy.Afteryearsofmakingupvisionsforafutureweneverhonestlythoughtpossible,Ethanwasofferingonethatwasbothhopefulandextremelysimple:IwantmylifetokeeplookingthewayitdoesNOW.(我眼里含著淚水。不僅僅是因?yàn)橐辽５脑妇瓣愂鍪峭耆侠淼?，還因?yàn)樗婕暗剿F(xiàn)在生活中給他帶來快樂的部分。多年來，我們一直在設(shè)想一個我們從未真正認(rèn)為可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的未來，而伊森提出了一個既充滿希望又極其簡單的愿景：我希望我的生活保持現(xiàn)在的樣子。)”可知，伊森現(xiàn)在的生活充滿快樂，因此他希望未來能夠像現(xiàn)在一樣，因此作者希望伊森在未來能夠達(dá)到像現(xiàn)在最好的狀態(tài)。故選D。COpenAIhasintroducedSora,anadvancedAlmodeldesignedtomakevideosfromwrittendescriptionsorpictures.ThisrepresentsOpenAI’smoveintothevideocreationarea,joiningotherleadingcompaniesandnewbusinesses.Sorastandsoutbymakinghigh-qualityvideosthatcanshowcomplexsceneswithmanycharacters,differentmovements,anddetailedbackgrounds.Itcanalsoimproveexistingvideosbyfillinginmissingparts,showingitsstronggraspoflanguageandunderstandingoftherealworld.Soracanmakevideosinavarietyofstyles,includingphotorealisticandcartoon,lastinguptoaminute-muchlongerthanwhatistypicallypossiblewithcurrenttext-to-videotechnology.DemonstrationsbyOpenAIshowSora’sabilitytoproducevideosthattellclearstoriesandshowdeepemotions,avoidingtypicalmistakesmadebyAI.However,evenwithitsadvancedfeatures,Sorahasitschallenges.Itmayhavetroublemimicking(模仿)thenaturallawsofcomplexscenesorshowingactionsandtheiroutcomescorrectly,likeacookienothavingabitemark.Awareoftherisksofmisuse,OpenAIbasnotreleasedSoraforgeneraluse.TheorganizationstressestheneedforcarefuldevelopmentanduseofAI,aimingtostopnegativeuses.Forthis,OpenAIislookingintowaystoverifyvideosmadebySoraandistalkingwithlawmakers,teachers,andartiststoaddressconcernsandfindpositivewaystousethetechnology.AsSoramarksasignificantimprovementinAI-madevideotechnology,OpenAIisdedicatedtodevelopingitsafelyandethically.Thecompanyrecognizesthedifficultyinpredictingallthewayssuchtechnologymightbeusedormisused,highlightingthevalueoflearningfromactualusetodevelopsaferAIsystemsovertime.8.Whatdoestheterm“photorealistic”mostcloselymeaninthecontextofthearticle?A.Art-like B.Life-like C.Abstract D.Simplistic9.Accordingtothearticle,whattypicalAImistakesisSoraabletoavoidwhengeneratingvideos?A.Producingexcessivelylongvideos. B.Creatingvideoswithasingularstyle.C.MakingcommonAIerrors. D.Generatingvideoswithoutanystoryline.10.WhatistheprimaryreasonOpenAIhasnotmadeSorapubliclyavailable,basedonthearticle?A.Thetechnologyisnotyetperfected. B.Concernsoverpotentialdangers.C.Thevideoqualitydoesnotmeetstandards D.Thecostofvideoproductionistoohigh11.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsSora?A.Objective. B.Doubtful. C.Negative. D.Critical.【答案】8.B9.C10.B11.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。OpenAI推出了可以根據(jù)文字描述或圖片制作視頻的先進(jìn)AI模型Sora，這標(biāo)志著OpenAI進(jìn)入視頻創(chuàng)作領(lǐng)域，加入其他領(lǐng)先公司和新業(yè)務(wù)的行列并介紹了Sora的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)?！?題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)畫線句“Soracanmakevideosinavarietyofstyles,includingphotorealisticandcartoon,lastinguptoaminute-muchlongerthanwhatistypicallypossiblewithcurrenttext-to-videotechnology.(Sora可以制作各種風(fēng)格的視頻，包括photorealistic和卡通的，最長可達(dá)一分鐘——比目前的文本到視頻技術(shù)所能做到的要長得多。)”和下文“DemonstrationsbyOpenAIshowSora’sabilitytoproducevideosthattellclearstoriesandshowdeepemotions,avoidingtypicalmistakesmadebyAI.(OpenAI的演示展示了Sora制作視頻的能力，這些視頻講述了清晰的故事，表達(dá)了深刻的情感，避免了人工智能的典型錯誤。)”可推斷，Sora制作的視頻應(yīng)是逼真的，與life-like貼近。故選B。【9題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“DemonstrationsbyOpenAIshowSora’sabilitytoproducevideosthattellclearstoriesandshowdeepemotions,avoidingtypicalmistakesmadebyAI.(OpenAI的演示展示了Sora制作視頻的能力，這些視頻講述了清晰的故事，表達(dá)了深刻的情感，避免了人工智能的典型錯誤。)”可知，根據(jù)文章，Sora避免了典型的AI錯誤，故選C?！?0題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Awareoftherisksofmisuse,OpenAIbasnotreleasedSoraforgeneraluse.TheorganizationstressestheneedforcarefuldevelopmentanduseofAI,aimingtostopnegativeuses.(意識到誤用的風(fēng)險，OpenAI還沒有發(fā)布Sora供一般使用。該組織強(qiáng)調(diào)需要謹(jǐn)慎開發(fā)和使用人工智能，旨在阻止負(fù)面使用。)”可知，OpenAI未公開Sora是因?yàn)閾?dān)心誤用風(fēng)險，故選B?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)首段中的“OpenAIhasintroducedSora,anadvancedAlmodeldesignedtomakevideosfromwrittendescriptionsorpictures.ThisrepresentsOpenAI’smoveintothevideocreationarea,joiningotherleadingcompaniesandnewbusinesses.(OpenAI推出了Sora，這是一種先進(jìn)的人工智能模型，可以根據(jù)文字描述或圖片制作視頻。這標(biāo)志著OpenAI進(jìn)入視頻創(chuàng)作領(lǐng)域，加入其他領(lǐng)先公司和新業(yè)務(wù)的行列。)”和最后一段的“AsSoramarksasignificantimprovementinAI-madevideotechnology,OpenAIisdedicatedtodevelopingitsafelyandethically.Thecompanyrecognizesthedifficultyinpredictingallthewayssuchtechnologymightbeusedormisused,highlightingthevalueoflearningfromactualusetodevelopsaferAIsystemsovertime.(由于Sora標(biāo)志著人工智能視頻技術(shù)的重大進(jìn)步，OpenAI致力于安全、道德地開發(fā)它。該公司認(rèn)識到，很難預(yù)測此類技術(shù)可能被使用或?yàn)E用的所有方式，并強(qiáng)調(diào)了從實(shí)際使用中學(xué)習(xí)的價值，以便隨著時間的推移開發(fā)更安全的人工智能系統(tǒng)。)”可知，作者陳述Sora的優(yōu)勢和存在的挑戰(zhàn)，以及如何謹(jǐn)慎使用，總體較為客觀，故選A。DMicroplastics,asthenameimplies,aretinyplasticparticlesfoundintheenvironment.Anyplasticparticlethathasadiameteroflessthan5mmisconsideredtobemicroplastic.Foralongtime,amajorityofpeoplewereunawareofthepresenceofmicroplasticsandtheireffectsontheenvironment.However,theseparticleshavebecomeasignificanttopicofdebateinrecenttimesafterresearchersnotedtheirpresenceinalmosteverycorneroftheglobe.fromMountEveresttotheMarianaTrench.Therearetwocategoriesofmicroplastics:primaryandsecondary.Primarymicroplasticsaretinyparticlesmeantforexternalcommercialusesuchascosmetics,aswellasmicrofiberstomakeothertextiles,suchasfishingnets.Secondarymicroplasticsareparticlesthatresultfromthebreakdownoflargerplasticitems,suchaswaterbottles.Therearevarioussourcesofmicroplastics.Wastewatertreatmentplantsandsewagetreatmentplantsarethemajorsourcesofprimarymicroplastics,mostofwhichareresidues(殘留物)ofcosmetics,paint,householdandindustrialwaste.Single-useplasticsplasticitemsmeanttobeusedjustonceandthendiscarded,suchasastraw—arethemainsourceofsecondaryplasticsintheenvironment.Theproblemwithmicroplasticsisthatlikeplasticitemsofanysizetheydonotreadilybreakdownintoharmlessmolecules.Plasticscantakehundredsorthousandsofyearstodecompose(降解).Thatmeansonceproduced,wecannotgetridofthem.Microplasticsexistonbeachesanddeeperwaters,andhavebeendetectedinmarineorganismsfromplanktontowhales,incommercialseafood,andevenindrinkingwater.Theyaremistakenforfoodbymarineanimalsandsomeplasticsaresotinythattheyendupintheanimaltissues.Theyarepassedacrossthefoodchain,andsomefindtheirwaytohumans.Scientistsarestillunsurewhetherconsumedmicroplasticsareharmfultohumanoranimalhealthandifso,whatspecificdangerstheymaypose.Evenso,manycountriesaretakingactiontoreducemicroplasticsintheenvironment.Thebestapproachestocontrollingmicroplasticsincludeproperhandlingofplasticsandthoroughtreatmentofwastewater.12.Accordingtothefirsttwoparagraphs,microplasticsare_________A.commoninourdailylifeB.usedtomakeglassbottlesC.foundinalltheuninhabitedareasD.tinyplasticparticleswithadiameterof5mm13.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph3?A.Theuseofstrawsshouldbeforbidden.B.Householdwastecontainsmicroplastics.C.IndustrialwasteisasourceofsecondaryplasticsD.Wastewaterandsewagetreatmentplantsareuseless.14.Whydomicroplasticsendupinthetissuesofmarineanimals?A.Becausethey’reconsumedasfood.B.Becausetheyexistonthebeaches.C.Becausetheyeasilybreakdown.D.Becausethey’releftoutinthefoodchain.15.What’sthepurposeofthetext?A.Toanalyzethesourcesofmicroplastics.B.Towarnpeopleofthedangerofmicroplastics.C.Togiveanoverallintroductiontomicroplastics.D.Topersuadepeopletogiveuptheuseofmicroplastics.【答案】12.A13.B14.A15.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要是對微塑料進(jìn)行了全面的介紹?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“However,theseparticleshavebecomeasignificanttopicofdebateinrecenttimesafterresearchersnotedtheirpresenceinalmosteverycorneroftheglobe.(然而，在研究人員注意到這些粒子幾乎遍布全球每個角落后，這些粒子近年來成為了一個重要的辯論話題)”以及第二段“Primarymicroplasticsaretinyparticlesmeantforexternalcommercialusesuchascosmetics(初級微塑料是用于化妝品等外部商業(yè)用途的微小顆粒)”、“Secondarymicroplasticsareparticlesthatresultfromthebreakdownoflargerplasticitems,suchaswaterbottles(二次微塑料是水瓶等較大塑料物品分解后產(chǎn)生的顆粒)”可知，微塑料在生活中很普遍，故選A項(xiàng)。【13題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Wastewatertreatmentplantsandsewagetreatmentplantsarethemajorsourcesofprimarymicroplastics,mostofwhichareresidues(殘留物)ofcosmetics,paint,householdandindustrialwaste.(廢水處理廠和污水處理廠是初級微塑料的主要來源，其中大部分是化妝品、油漆、家庭和工業(yè)廢物的殘留物)”可推知，生活垃圾中含有微塑料。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Microplasticsexistonbeachesanddeeperwaters,andhavebeendetectedinmarineorganismsfromplanktontowhales,incommercialseafood,andevenindrinkingwater.Theyaremistakenforfoodbymarineanimalsandsomeplasticsaresotinythattheyendupintheanimaltissues.(微塑料存在于海灘和更深的水域，在從浮游生物到鯨魚、商業(yè)海鮮甚至飲用水中的海洋生物中都檢測到了微塑料。它們被海洋動物誤認(rèn)為是食物，一些塑料非常微小，最終會進(jìn)入動物組織)”可知，微塑料最終進(jìn)入海洋動物的組織是因?yàn)樗鼈儽蛔鳛槭澄锍粤?。故選A項(xiàng)。【15題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Microplastics,asthenameimplies,aretinyplasticparticlesfoundintheenvironment.Anyplasticparticlethathasadiameteroflessthan5mmisconsideredtobemicroplastic.(顧名思義，微塑料是在環(huán)境中發(fā)現(xiàn)的微小塑料顆粒。任何直徑小于5毫米的塑料顆粒都被認(rèn)為是微塑料)”、第二段“Primarymicroplasticsaretinyparticlesmeantforexternalcommercialusesuchascosmetics(初級微塑料是用于化妝品等外部商業(yè)用途的微小顆粒)”、“Secondarymicroplasticsareparticlesthatresultfromthebreakdownoflargerplasticitems,suchaswaterbottles(二次微塑料是水瓶等較大塑料物品分解后產(chǎn)生的顆粒)”、第三段“Wastewatertreatmentplantsandsewagetreatmentplantsarethemajorsourcesofprimarymicroplastics,mostofwhichareresidues(殘留物)ofcosmetics,paint,householdandindustrialwaste.(廢水處理廠和污水處理廠是初級微塑料的主要來源，其中大部分是化妝品、油漆、家庭和工業(yè)廢物的殘留物)”可知，文章概述了什么是微塑料，它們的類別、來源、它們帶來的問題以及為控制它們而采取的行動。由此推知，本文是目的是全面介紹微塑料。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Wegenerallyhavegoalsoverthecourseofadayorweek,andcancheckthemoffourlistswithlittledifficulty.____16____Whatifwehavegoalssetforusbyourbossthatweneedtoachievebutjustcan’tseemtogetto?Whatifyou’veprocrastinated(拖延)toolongonyourgoalsandnowyoudon’tevenknowwheretostart?*DefinethegoalIdentifyingthegoalanddecidingifitisstillpossibletodoitisthefirststep.____17____Theremaybecircumstancesthatpreventedyoufromgettingitdone.Ormaybesomeotherreasonthatneedstobeaddressed.Don’twastetimebeinghardonyourself.Juststartwhereyouarenowandseewhatyoucandofromthispointonward.*____18____Beginwithprioritizingthestepsyou’llneedtodevelopareliableplan.Gatheringthetoolsorskillsyouwillneedisagoodplacetostart.Remembertoaskforclarityifthereissomethingstandinginthewayofunderstandingtheproject.Writeoutascheduletoensureyouareusingyourtimeandenergyinawaythatwillworkforyou.*Establishnewhabits____19____Makestepstowardprogresseverydaytokeepgoing.Rewardsmaystrengthenyourefforts.Internalrewardsmightincludefeelinggoodaboutyourself,lessstress,andaccountability.Someexamplesofexternalrewardscouldbethatyougetpaidforthejoborreceivesomerecognitionfortheworkyou’vedone.*TakeactionBecomeadoerbyremovingexcusesandmakingacommitteddecisiontoattainyourgoal.Breakingyourtasksdowntoindividualstepscanhelpyoustayfocusedontheprocess.Butwithallofyourplanning,education,tools,andinstructors,thebottomlineisyouhavetofindawaytogetgoinganddoit.____20____Andwhatyoulearnalongthewaymightjustsurpriseyou.A.MakeanewplanB.ReassessyourdirectionC.Thenaskyourselfwhyyoudidn’tdoit.D.Someareshort-termandareachievedquicklyandeasily.E.Ifyoureallywanttoachieveyourgoals,there’snoreplacementforaction.F.Butwhataboutthebiggergoalswedon’treallywanttodointhefirstplace?G.Formingahabitrequiresrepetitionofthedesirednewactionoveraperiodoftime.【答案】16.F17.C18.A19.G20.E【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。主要從四個方面介紹克服拖延癥的方法。【16題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Wegenerallyhavegoalsoverthecourseofadayorweek,andcancheckthemoffourlistswithlittledifficulty.”（我們通常在一天或一周的過程中設(shè)定目標(biāo)，并且可以毫不費(fèi)力地從我們的清單上檢查它們。）以及下文“Whatifwehavegoalssetforusbyourbossthatweneedtoachievebutjustcan’tseemtogetto?Whatifyou’veprocrastinated(拖延)toolongonyourgoalsandnowyoudon’tevenknowwheretostart?”（如果我們的老板給我們設(shè)定了目標(biāo)，我們需要實(shí)現(xiàn)，但似乎無法實(shí)現(xiàn)呢？如果你在目標(biāo)上拖延了太久，現(xiàn)在你甚至不知道從哪里開始呢？）可知，本題在邏輯意義上出現(xiàn)了轉(zhuǎn)折，選項(xiàng)F項(xiàng)Butwhataboutthebiggergoalswedon’treallywanttodointhefirstplace?（但是對于那些我們一開始就不想做的更大的目標(biāo)呢？）起到承上啟下的作用，上下文語意連貫，符合語境。故選F項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Identifyingthegoalanddecidingifitisstillpossibletodoitisthefirststep.”（確定目標(biāo)并決定是否仍有可能實(shí)現(xiàn)是第一步。）尤其是句中的thefirststep可知，此處應(yīng)說明下一步怎么辦，C項(xiàng)中的Then是表示順序的副詞，C項(xiàng)Thenaskyourselfwhyyoudidn’tdoit.（然后問問你自己為什么沒有這么做。）可知，承接上文內(nèi)容，符合語境。故選C項(xiàng)。【18題詳析】由該題為段落小標(biāo)題可知，為總結(jié)該段內(nèi)容。該段下文“Beginwithprioritizingthestepsyou’llneedtodevelopareliableplan.Gatheringthetoolsorskillsyouwillneedisagoodplacetostart.”（首先把你需要制定一個可靠計(jì)劃的步驟按優(yōu)先順序排序。收集你需要的工具或技能是一個很好的開始。）可知，本段主要內(nèi)容是關(guān)于如何制定計(jì)劃。選項(xiàng)A項(xiàng)Makeanewplan（制定一個新計(jì)劃）意思一致，為總結(jié)該段內(nèi)容。故選A項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)本段的小標(biāo)題Establishnewhabits（養(yǎng)成新習(xí)慣）可知，本段重點(diǎn)講如何形成新的習(xí)慣，G項(xiàng)Formingahabitrequiresrepetitionofthedesirednewactionoveraperiodoftime.（養(yǎng)成一種習(xí)慣需要在一段時間內(nèi)重復(fù)想要的新行為。）和本段主旨意思一致，G項(xiàng)中的Formingahabit和標(biāo)題意思相近，符合語境。故選G項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)本段的小標(biāo)題Takeaction（采取行動），第一句中的Becomeadoer（成為行動者），以及空前“Butwithallofyourplanning,education,tools,andinstructors,thebottomlineisyouhavetofindawaytogetgoinganddoit.”（但有了所有的計(jì)劃、教育、工具和導(dǎo)師，底線是你必須找到一種方法去做。）可知，找到開始做起來的辦法是非常重要的，即此處強(qiáng)調(diào)行動的重要性。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)E項(xiàng)Ifyoureallywanttoachieveyourgoals,there’snoreplacementforaction.（如果你真的想實(shí)現(xiàn)你的目標(biāo)，沒有什么可以替代行動。）符合語境。故選E項(xiàng)。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。KristaShenemanwasdiagnosedwithdiabetes(糖尿病)aroundfiveyearsago.Sincethen,healthhasbecomea(n)____21____partofherlife.Asshe____22____thatalotofpeopleweren’t____23____ofwhatshewentthroughonadailybasisasadiabeticandthatpeoplewiththediseasewerethoughttobe____24____tosimpleactivities,she____25____amissiontowalk470milesacrossthreestates.Throughoutthis____26____,peoplewatchedherbloodglucoselevels(血糖水平)throughanappthatwasconnectedtoherglucosemonitor.Themonitorprovidedreal-time____27____whenherglucoselevelswenttoohighorlow.Sheshowedwhatadiabeticwaslikeandremindedpeopletoconstantly____28____andmakesurethattheyareeatingthe____29____things.Justsomethingassimpleasstresscan_____30_____theirbloodsugar.To_____31_____forherwalk,shespenteighthoursadayonatreadmill(跑步機(jī))whilemanagingherdiabetes.Shethoughtitwasimportanttobearinmindthattherewasjustthecreativedifficultythatyouhadto_____32_____.Afteragreateffort,she_____33_____crossedthefinishline.Herwalkcontributedtopeople’sunderstandingofdiabetesandhas_____34_____otherpeoplewhoarealsobattlingdiabetesbyshowingthemthatthe________35________can’tstopsomeonefrombeingactiveorachievinggoals.21.A.potential B.enormous C.natural D.simple22.A.imagined B.decided C.realized D.guessed23.A.proud B.ashamed C.tired D.aware24.A.limited B.attracted C.committed D.challenged25.A.approvedof B.learnedfrom C.gotusedto D.setouton26.A.lecture B.recovery C.operation D.journey27.A.warnings B.comments C.preferences D.requests28.A.summarize B.suspect C.check D.follow29.A.different B.right C.pure D..real30.A.raise B.reach C.turn D.examine31.A.train B.perform C.track D.stop32.A.takein B.careabout C.putdown D.getover33.A.accidentally B.completely C.immediately D.ultimately34.A.served B.accepted C.inspired D.connected35.A.condition B.technique C.scene D.conflict【答案】21.B22.C23.D24.A25.D26.D27.A28.C29.B30.A31.A32.D33.D34.C35.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了一名糖尿病患者KristaSheneman，她進(jìn)行了一個月的行走行動，目的是讓人們了解糖尿病，并激勵糖尿病患者積極實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的目標(biāo)?！?1題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：從那時起，健康就成了她生活中很重要的一部分。A.potential有潛力的；潛在的；B.enormous巨大的；C.natural自然的；天然的；D.simple簡單的；樸素的。根據(jù)上一句“KristaShenemanwasdiagnosedwithdiabetes(糖尿病)aroundfiveyearsago.”可知，她患上了糖尿病，從此她就要每天關(guān)注自己的健康，健康狀況成了生活中的一個很大問題。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)她意識到很多人都不知道她作為一名糖尿病患者每天都經(jīng)歷著什么，并且患有這種疾病的人被認(rèn)為只能進(jìn)行簡單的活動時，她開始了一項(xiàng)穿越三個州步行470英里的任務(wù)。A.imagined想像；B.decided決定；C.realized意識到；D.guessed猜測。根據(jù)“she_______amissiontowalk470milesacrossthreestates.”可知，KristaSheneman意識到了許多人不了解糖尿病患者的生活狀況，才會去采取行動普及知識。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)她意識到很多人都不知道她作為一名糖尿病患者每天都經(jīng)歷著什么，并且患有這種疾病的人被認(rèn)為只能進(jìn)行簡單的活動時，她開始了一項(xiàng)穿越三個州步行470英里的任務(wù)。A.proud驕傲的；B.ashamed羞愧的；C.tired累的；厭煩的；D.aware有意識的。beawareof意為“意識到”，空前有否定詞，可知因?yàn)樗J(rèn)為人們不了解糖尿病患者的生活，她才想向人們展示。故選D項(xiàng)。【24題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)她意識到很多人都不知道她作為一名糖尿病患者每天都經(jīng)歷著什么，并且患有這種疾病的人被認(rèn)為只能進(jìn)行簡單的活動時，她開始了一項(xiàng)穿越三個州步行470英里的任務(wù)。A.limited限制；B.attracted吸引；C.committed犯下；承諾，承擔(dān)；D.challenged挑戰(zhàn)。根據(jù)“she_______amissiontowalk470milesacrossthreestates.”可知，她意識到人們的錯誤觀念，認(rèn)為糖尿病人的活動方式受限，只能做一些簡單的活動，所以她才以糖尿病人的身份開始一項(xiàng)這樣的大型活動改變?nèi)藗兊恼J(rèn)知。故選A項(xiàng)。【25題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：當(dāng)她意識到很多人都不知道她作為一名糖尿病患者每天都經(jīng)歷著什么，并且患有這種疾病的人被認(rèn)為只能進(jìn)行簡單的活動時，她開始了一項(xiàng)穿越三個州步行470英里的任務(wù)。A.approvedof同意，贊成；B.learnedfrom向……學(xué)習(xí)；C.gotusedto習(xí)慣于；D.setouton開始。根據(jù)上文“Asshethatalotofpeopleweren’t_aware_ofwhatshewentthroughonadailybasisasadiabeticandthatpeoplewiththediseasewerethoughttobetosimpleactivities,…”及空后的賓語“amissiontowalk470milesacrossthreestates.”可知，她發(fā)現(xiàn)人們對糖尿病人的生活有錯誤的認(rèn)知，認(rèn)為他們只能做一些簡單的活動，她就開始了一次長途旅行，動詞短語setouton意為“開始了（一個任務(wù)）”。故選D項(xiàng)?！?6題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在整個過程中，人們通過一個與她的血糖監(jiān)測儀相連的應(yīng)用程序來觀察她的血糖水平。A.lecture演講；授課；B.recovery康復(fù)，恢復(fù)；C.operation手術(shù)；操作；D.journey旅程。根據(jù)上文“…sheamissiontowalk470milesacrossthreestates.”可知，她開始了一次長途旅行。故選D項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)她的血糖水平過高或過低時，監(jiān)測器會實(shí)時發(fā)出警告。A.warnings警告；B.comments評論；C.preferences偏愛；D.requests要求，請求。根據(jù)上一句“peoplewatchedherbloodglucoselevels(血糖水平)throughanappthatwasconnectedtoherglucosemonitor.”及空后“whenherglucoselevelswenttoohighorlow”可知，血糖檢測儀的功能就是監(jiān)測她的血糖，所以當(dāng)她的血糖異常時，應(yīng)該是會發(fā)出提示性警告。故選A項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她向人們展示了糖尿病患者是什么樣的，并提醒人們要經(jīng)常檢查并確保他們吃的是正確的東西。A.summarize總結(jié)；B.suspect懷疑；C.check檢測，查看；D.follow跟蹤；效仿。根據(jù)空后“makesurethattheyareeatingthe_____things”可知，只有查看之后才能確定吃的食物是否合適。故選C項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她向人們展示了糖尿病患者是什么樣的，并提醒人們要經(jīng)常檢查并確保他們吃的是正確的東西。A.different不同的；B.right合適的，正確的；右邊的；C.pure純的，純潔的；D.real真的，真實(shí)的。糖尿病人的飲食不能隨便吃，應(yīng)該是合適的食物。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：就像壓力這樣簡單的事情就能提高他們的血糖。A.raise提高，提升；舉起；飼養(yǎng)，養(yǎng)育；籌集；B.reach夠到；到達(dá)，達(dá)到；C.turn轉(zhuǎn)變；轉(zhuǎn)彎；D.examine檢查，查看。糖尿病人應(yīng)該是控制血糖，不能讓血糖升高，這里她告誡大家，壓力就有可能使血糖升高，故選A項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：為了訓(xùn)練走路，她每天在跑步機(jī)上花八個小時，同時控制自己的糖尿病。A.train訓(xùn)練；B.perform表演；表現(xiàn)；執(zhí)行，做；C.track追蹤；D.stop停止；阻止。該空后的賓語thewalk指上文第5空后的“amissiontowalk470milesacrossthreestates.”下文“shespenteighthoursadayonatreadmill(跑步機(jī))whilemanagingherdiabetes.”中在跑步機(jī)上的八小時鍛煉是為這次活動提前在做訓(xùn)練。故選A項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：她認(rèn)為記住這一點(diǎn)很重要，那就是你必須克服創(chuàng)作上的困難。A.takein吸收；理解；收留；B.careabout關(guān)心，重視；C.putdown放下；寫下；D.getover克服，戰(zhàn)勝。該空動詞短語為定語從句的謂語部分，that指代先行詞difficulty作該動詞短語的賓語，困難是不得不去戰(zhàn)勝的。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：經(jīng)過一番努力，她終于沖過了終點(diǎn)線。A.accidentally意外地；B.completely