高級中學名校試卷PAGEPAGE1廣東省珠海市某校2024-2025學年高二上學期開學考試英語試卷第一部分聽力（略）第二部分單項填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面各題，從題中所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。1.Theharvestfestival______aparadeandagreatfeastwithmusic,dancing,andsports.A.feature B.decorated C.explored D.revised【答案】A【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：豐收節(jié)的特色是游行和有音樂、舞蹈和體育的盛宴。A.feature以……為特色；B.decorated裝飾；C.explored探索；D.revised修訂。由句意及空后的aparadeandagreatfeastwithmusic,dancing,andsports可知，游行和有音樂、舞蹈以及體育的盛宴是豐收節(jié)的特色。故選A項。2.Naadammeans“games”inMongolian,anditis______bythreeevents:horseracing,wrestling,andarchery.A.recommended B.represented C.drafted D.directed【答案】B【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：那達慕在蒙古語中的含義是“游戲”，它以三種競技活動為代表：賽馬、摔跤和射箭。A.recommended推薦；B.represented代表；C.drafted草擬；D.directed指導。此處意為“以……為代表”，表達為berepresentedby。根據“horseracing,wrestling,andarchery.”可知，蒙古語中的含義“游戲”以三種競技活動為代表。故選B。3.DrLinQiaozhisaid,“Ifthey______mewiththatlife,howcouldIrefusethattrust,sayingI’mcold,hungry,ortired?”A.illustrate B.rescue C.entrust D.respond【答案】C【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：林巧稚醫(yī)生說：“如果他們把生命托付給我，我怎么能拒絕這種信任，說我自己又冷又餓又累呢？”A.illustrate闡明，說明；B.rescue營救；C.entrust委托，托付；D.respond回復。根據“howcouldIrefusethattrust”可知，此處意為“托付”，故應用動詞entrust，故選C。4.DrLinQiaozhiwasmoreinterestedin______patients,publishingmedicalresearchoncareforwomenandchildren,andtrainingthenewgenerationofdoctors.A.complaining B.rejecting C.tending D.disguising【答案】C【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：林巧芝醫(yī)生更感興趣的是照顧病人，發(fā)表關于婦女和兒童護理的醫(yī)學研究，以及培訓新一代醫(yī)生。A.complaining投訴；B.rejecting拒絕；C.tending照顧；D.disguising偽裝。根據“DrLinQiaozhi”和后文“patients”可知這里指照顧病人，故選C。5.Whatstartedasa/an______areaforChineseimmigrantsthenturnedintoacentreforChineseculture.A.diverse B.professional C.appreciative D.residential【答案】D【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這里最初是中國移民的住宅區(qū)，后來變成了中國文化的中心。A.diverse不同的；B.professional專業(yè)的；C.appreciative感激的；D.residential住宅的。根據后文“areaforChineseimmigrantsthenturnedintoacentreforChineseculture.”可知，指這里最初是中國移民的住宅區(qū)，后來變成了中國文化的中心。故選D。6.______referstothefactofbelongingtoaparticularrace.A.Ethnicity B.Gravity C.Randomness D.Blindness【答案】A【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“種族淵源”指的是屬于某一特定種族的事實。A.Ethnicity種族淵源；B.Gravity重力；C.Randomness隨意；D.Blindness失明。根據后文“belongingtoaparticularrace”指種族淵源。故選A。7.Today,scientistsdesign______tocarryastronautsintospacetomakeimportantdiscoveries.A.vehicles B.orbits C.agencies D.tissues【答案】A【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：如今，科學家們設計了運載火箭，將宇航員送入太空，以取得重要發(fā)現。A.vehicles交通工具；車輛；B.orbits軌道；C.agencies機構；代理處；D.tissues組織。根據“tocarryastronautsintospacetomakeimportantdiscoveries.”可知，科學家設計的運載工具。故選A。8.However,othersfeelthisisa/an______viewwhichfailstorealisehowexploringspacehelpsus.A.brilliant B.shallow C.sufficient D.plastic【答案】B【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，其他人認為這是一個膚淺的觀點，沒有意識到探索太空如何幫助我們。A.brilliant不錯的；B.shallow膚淺的；C.sufficient充足的；D.plastic塑料的。根據后文“whichfailstorealisehowexploringspacehelpsus”可知，這是一個“膚淺的想法”，故應用形容詞shallow作定語，修飾名詞view，故選B。9.ShewouldsettleinNewYorkand______herdreamofbecominganactress.A.frown B.spot C.hesitate D.pursue【答案】D【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她將在紐約定居下來，并追求她成為一名演員的夢想。A.frown皺眉；B.spot注意到；C.hesitate猶豫；D.pursue追求。根據句中herdreamofbecominganactress可知，此處表示追求夢想，故選D。10.Weshouldn’tjustjudgethevalueofsomethingjustbasedonits______appearance.A.optional B.intentional C.external D.additional【答案】C【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們不應該只根據事物的外表來判斷它的價值。A.optional選擇的；B.intentional故意的；C.external外部的；D.additional附加的。根據后文“appearance”指外表，應用external。故選C。11.Finallyhereachedalonelyisland________wascompletelycutofffromtheoutsideworld.A.which B.who C.where D.when【答案】A【解析】考查關系代詞。句意：最終，他到達了一個孤島，這個島完全與外界隔絕。設空處引導限制性定語從句修飾先行詞“alonelyisland”；設空處指代先行詞在定語從句中作主語，指物，此定語從句用關系代詞which/that引導。故選A項。12.Themovieswereshownontheplayground,withtheaudience______onchairs.A.seating B.seated C.toseat D.beseated【答案】B【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：電影在操場上放映，觀眾坐在椅子上觀看。此處為with的復合結構“with+賓語+賓語”，賓語為theaudience，故應用形容詞seated“坐著的”作賓補，說明賓語theaudience的狀態(tài)，故選B。13.______inthegame,thesechildrendidn’tfeelhungryatall.A.Beabsorbed B.Absorbing C.Toabsorb D.Absorbed【答案】D【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：沉迷于游戲，這些孩子一點都沒感覺到餓。此處作狀語，absorb與其邏輯主語thesechildren之間是被動關系，故應用過去分詞作狀語，故選D。14.Theyaskedthegovernmenttomake________cleartothepublic________theydidwasright.A.it;that B.it;what C.that;what D.this;that【答案】B【解析】考查it作形式賓語。句意：他們要求政府向公眾表明他們的做法是正確的。此處為make

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that...，it作形式賓語；第二空后從句為真正賓語，后接that引導的賓語從句，對形式賓語的內容進行修飾補充，此處省略了引導詞that，在從句中what作為連接詞引導了主語從句，whattheydid充當從句部分thatwhattheydidwasright的主語部分。故選B。15.Thepackage____over50poundswasdifficulttomove____westruggledallday.A.wasweighed;where B.weighed;why C.weighing;withwhich D.havingweighed;that【答案】C【解析】考查非謂語動詞和定語從句。句意：這個重達50多磅的包裹很難移動，我們吃力地搬了一整天。句子已有謂語動詞was，第一空應為非謂語形式，weigh“重達”與package構成主動關系，故用現在分詞作定語，修飾名詞package；第二空：引導定語從句，短語strugglewith與……斗爭，應用介詞with，先行詞為Thepackage，指物，作介詞with的賓語，應用關系代詞which。故選C。第三部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分60分）第一節(jié)（共19小題；每小題2.5分，滿分47.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。ATheconceptofanartmuseumiseasyenough:thatisaboutart.Therearethoseraremuseumsfocusedlargelyorentirelyontheworkofjustoneperson.Thosesensescanbeallthericherwhenyouknowthemuseumistheartist’sbirthplaceoronetimehome.Herearefourexamplesofsuchmuseums.CyrusE.DallinArtMuseum611MassachusettsAve.,Arlington781-641-0747ThenameCyrusE.Dallin(1861—1944)mightnotbefamiliar,butseveralofthesculptor’sworksare.His“AppealtotheGreatSpirit”,anexampleofthemanysculpturesDallinmaderelatingtoNativeAmericans,standsinfrontoftheMuseumofFineArts.BorninUtah,helivedinArlington(Texas)forthefinalfourdecadesofhislife.NormanRockwellMuseum9GlendaleRoad,Stockbridge413-298-4100,Rockwell(1894—1978)movedtoStockbridgein1953.BythenhewasalreadyAmerica’sbest-knownillustrator(插圖畫家).Themuseum,foundedin1969,movedintoitspresent,RobertA.M.Stern-designedbuildingin1993.Its998paintingsanddrawingsarethelargestsinglecollectionofRockwell’sart.Kids6andunderFREE,adults$20,studentswithD:$10.EdwardGoreyHouse8StrawberryLane,YarmouthPort508-362-3909EdwardGorey(1925—2000)wasanartistbut,hewasotherthingsaswell:author,playwright,setandcostumedesigner.Goreypurchasedthis18-centuryhousein1979andlivedtheretherestofhislife.ThehousecurrentlyservesasamuseumcelebratingGorey’slifeandwork.It’salsoknownastheElephantHouse.That’sappropriate,inlightofGorey’spassionforanimalwelfare.Gilbert:StuartBirthplaceandMuseum815GibertStuartRoad,Saunderstown,R.I401-294-3001GilbertStuart(1755—1828)isresponsibleforwhatmaywellbethemostfamiliarworkofanyAmericanartist.Hisportrait(畫像)ofGeorgeWashingtonisthebasisofthefirstpresident’simageonthedollarbill.AsoneoftheearlyRepublic’smostdistinguishedartists,Stuartpaintedmorethanathousandportraitsoverthecourseofhiscareer.16.Whatisthefeaturethesefourmuseumshaveincommon?A.Theyareallverysmallandnew. B.Theyofferrareexhibitsintheworld.C.Theyattractmanyartistsaroundtheworld. D.Theyallinvolveasingleperson’sworksofart.17.WhatcanwelearnaboutCyrusE.Dallin?A.Heisaworld-knownsculptor. B.Fewpeopleknowhismasterpiece.C.HelivedinUtahforhislast40years. D.HisworkshadalottodowithNativeAmericans.18.Wherewillyougoifyouareinterestedinstageandclothes?A.9GlendaleRoad,Stockbridge. B.8StrawberryLane,YarmouthPort.C.611MassachusettsAve.,Arlington. D.815GilbertStuartRoad,Saunderstown,R.I.【答案】16.D17.D18.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應用文。文章簡要介紹了四個分別只涉及一位藝術家的作品的博物館?！?6題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據第一段中“Therearethoseraremuseumsfocusedlargelyorentirelyontheworkofjustoneperson.(有些罕見的博物館大部分或全部專注于一個人的作品)”和“Herearefourexamplesofsuchmuseums.(以下是這類博物館的四個例子)”可知，這四個博物館都是只涉及一個人的藝術作品。故選D項?！?7題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據CyrusE.DallinArtMuseum中“ThenameCyrusE.Dallin(1861—1944)mightnotbefamiliar,butseveralofthesculptor’sworksare.His“AppealtotheGreatSpirit”,anexampleofthemanysculpturesDallinmaderelatingtoNativeAmericans,standsinfrontoftheMuseumofFineArts.(CyrusE.Dallin（1861—1944）這個名字可能不太為人熟知，但這位雕塑家的幾件作品卻耳熟能詳。他的“訴諸于偉大之靈力”，是Dallin創(chuàng)作的許多與美洲原住民有關的雕塑中的一個例子，矗立在美術博物館前面)”可知，CyrusE.Dallin的作品和美洲原住民緊密相關。故選D項。【18題詳析】推理判斷題。根據EdwardGoreyHouse中“EdwardGorey(1925—2000)wasanartistbut,hewasotherthingsaswell:author,playwright,setandcostumedesigner.(EdwardGorey（1925—2000）是一位藝術家，但他還有其他身份：作家、劇作家、布景和服裝設計師)”可知，EdwardGorey還是布景和服裝設計師。由此推知，該博物館里會有與舞臺和服裝相關的作品，再結合其中“8StrawberryLane,YarmouthPort(雅茅斯港草莓巷8號)”可知，你應該去雅茅斯港草莓巷8號參觀。故選B項。BMyfirstshoppinginageneralstorewasinMissBee’swhenIspentthesummerwithmygrandmotherinNewYork.“Gogetthemyourself”MissBeesaid,ignoringtheshoppinglistheldupbeforehernose.“I’mnotyourservant,sojustgetyourselfabasketfromthatpileoverthereandstartfiling.”Ittookmethreewall-to-wallsearchesbeforeIfoundthefirstitemonmylist―aporkcanbeplacedbetweenboxesofcerealandbread.Nextupwastoiletpaper,foundunderthedailynewspaper,andBand-Ads,foundnexttothefacecream.Thestorewasapuzzle,butitheldsomesurprisestoo.IfoundanewSupermancomicbehindthepeanutbutter.IvisitedMissBeeacoupleoftimesaweekthatsummer.Sometimessheshort-chargedme.Othertimessheoverchargedorsoldmeanoldnewspaperinsteadofacurrentone.Goingtothestorewasmorelikegoingintobattle.IleftmyGrandma’shousearmedwithmylist—memorizedtotheletter—andmarchedintoMissBee’slikeGeneralPatton(巴頓將軍)marchingintoNorthAfrica.Allsummerlongshefoundwaystotripmeup.NosoonerhadIlearnedhowtopronouncebicarbonateofsoda(小蘇打)andmemorizeditslocationontheshelfthanMissBeerearrangedtheshelvesandmademehuntforitalloveragain.Bysummer’send,however,theshoppingtripthathadoncetakenmeanhourwasdonein15minutes.ThemorningIwastoreturntoBrooklyn,Istoppedintotellherthatshewasmean(刻薄的).Tomyamazementshelaughedandsaid.“Well,Idon’tcare!Eachofusisputonthisearthforareason.IbelievemyjobistoteacheverychildImeettenlifelessonstohelpthem.Thinkwhatyouwill,butwhenyougetolderyou’llbegladourpathscrossed!”Ithoughttheideawasabsurduntilonedaymydaughtercametomewithhomeworktroubles.“It’stoohard,”shesaid.“Couldyoufinishmymathproblemsforme?”“IfIdoitforyou,howwillyoueverlearntodoityourself?”Isaid.Suddenly,IwasbackatthatgeneralstorewhereIhadlearnedthehardwaytotallyup(結算)mybillalongwiththecashier.Asmydaughterwentbacktoherhomework,Iwondered:HadMissBeereallytaughtmesomethingallthoseyearsago?Itookoutsomescrappaperandstartedwriting.19.Whydidthewriterspendalongtimedoingherfirstshoppinginthegeneralstore?A.Shewastooyoungtorememberalltheitemsonthelist.B.MissBeedidn’ttreatherkindly.C.Hergrandmotheraskedhertobuytoomanythings.D.Thestorewasindisorderandshewasnotfamiliarwiththeshop.20.Whatdidthewritermeanwhencomparingherselfto“GeneralPatton”inParagraph4?A.Shewaswellpreparedandfullofconfidence.B.Goingshoppinginthestorewasachallengetoher.C.Shewasveryaggressive,takingMissBeeastheenemy.D.Goingshoppingwassofunthatitwaslikeplayingawargame.21.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinparagraph6probablysuggest?A.ThewriterwouldbenefitfromtheexperienceofshoppinginMissBee’s.B.ThewriterwouldfindshoppinginMissBee’sstoreveryinteresting.C.ThewriterwouldbehappytomeetMissBeeagainlaterinlife.D.ThewriterwouldrealizethatMissBeecouldbecomeherfriend.22.Attheendofthestory,thewritermightwritedownthefollowingEXCEPT.A.Don’tbesoquicktojudgeotherpeopleB.Thebestteacherisn’tonlyinschoolC.SticktoyourdreamwhateverhappensD.Thingscanbelearnedindailyroutines【答案】19.D20.B21.A22.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了小時候作者去商店買東西時，商店主人MissBee總是重新擺放貨架上的東西，讓作者出丑，作者認為她很刻薄，但是多年后作者意識到MissBee并不像她所想的那樣，反而她在日常生活中教會了作者一些東西。【19題詳析】推理判斷題。根據第三段“Ittookmethreewall-to-wallsearchesbeforeIfoundthefirstitemonmylist―aporkcanbeplacedbetweenboxesofcerealandbread.Nextupwastoiletpaper,foundunderthedailynewspaper,andBand-Ads,foundnexttothefacecream.Thestorewasapuzzle,butitheldsomesurprisestoo.IfoundanewSupermancomicbehindthepeanutbutter.(我搜索了三個墻，我發(fā)現第一個物品在我的清單上——豬肉可以放在麥片和面包盒子之間。接下來是衛(wèi)生紙，在日報下面找到的，還有邦迪廣告，在面霜旁邊找到的。商店是一個謎，但它也有一些驚喜。我在花生醬后面發(fā)現了一本新的超人漫畫。)”可推知，這家商店雜亂無章，作者對這家商店不熟悉，這使得作者花了很長時間在雜貨店里購物，故選D。【20題詳析】推理判斷題。根據第四段中“Goingtothestorewasmorelikegoingintobattle.IleftmyGrandma’shousearmedwithmylist—memorizedtotheletter—andmarchedintoMissBee’slikeGeneralPatton(巴頓將軍)marchingintoNorthAfrica.(去商店更像是去打仗。我離開奶奶家的時候，手里拿著我的名單——一字不差地背下來——然后像巴頓將軍（GeneralPatton）進軍北非一樣，大步走進比小姐家。)”可知，作者將自己去商店買東西類比成GeneralPatton進軍北非打仗一樣，由此可推知，去商店購物對于作者來說并不是件簡單的事，即去商店購物對作者來說是個挑戰(zhàn)。故選B?！?1題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據劃線句子前文“Tomyamazementshelaughedandsaid.“Well,Idon’tcare!Eachofusisputonthisearthforareason.IbelievemyjobistoteacheverychildImeettenlifelessonstohelpthem.(令我驚訝的是，她笑著說?！昂冒?，我不在乎！我們每個人來到這個世界上都是有原因的。我相信我的工作就是教會我遇到的每一個孩子十個人生課程以此來幫助他們。)”和劃線句子“Thinkwhatyouwill,butwhenyougetolderyou’llbegladourpathscrossed!”(隨你怎么想，等你長大了，你會很高興我們相遇了！”)”可知，MissBee認為，每個人來到世界都是有原因的，她的工作就是教會她遇到的每一個孩子十個人生課程，以此來幫助他們。由此可推知，MissBee說“隨你怎么想，等你長大了，你會很高興我們相遇了！”這句話是在表明作者將從她身上學到一些東西，即受益，故選A?！?2題詳析】推理判斷題。根據第六段中“Tomyamazementshelaughedandsaid.“Well,Idon’tcare!Eachofusisputonthisearthforareason.IbelievemyjobistoteacheverychildImeettenlifelessonstohelpthem.Thinkwhatyouwill,butwhenyougetolderyou’llbegladourpathscrossed!”(令我驚訝的是，她笑著說?！昂冒?，我不在乎！我們每個人來到這個世界上都是有原因的。我相信我的工作就是教會我遇到的每一個孩子十個人生課程以此來幫助他們。隨你怎么想，等你長大了，你會很高興我們相遇了！”)”和最后一段中“Suddenly,IwasbackatthatgeneralstorewhereIhadlearnedthehardwaytotallyup(結算)mybillalongwiththecashier.(突然，我又回想起了那家雜貨店，在那里我學到了一條艱難的道路，那就是和收銀員一起把賬單全部結清。)”可知，小時候作者去商店買東西時，商店主人MissBee總是重新擺放貨架上的東西，讓作者出丑，作者認為她很刻薄，但是多年后作者意識到MissBee并不像她所想的那樣，反而她在日常生活中教會了作者一些東西，由此可知，作者接下來可能會寫MissBee教會她的一些東西，A“別這么快就評判別人”，B項“最好的老師不僅僅是在學?！焙虳項“在日常生活中可以學習一些東西”符合，C項“無論發(fā)生什么，都要堅持你的夢想”不符合，文章沒有提到夢想，故選C。CInourdailylives,wespendalotmoretimetypingonakeyboardthanwritingwithpencilandpen,sodoeshandwritingstillofferanythinguseful?Researcherstasked42adultvolunteerswithlearningtheArabiclettersfrombeginning:Somethroughwritingitoutonpaper,somethroughtypingitoutonakeyboard,andsomethroughwatchingandrespondingtovideoinstructions.Thoseinthehandwritinggroupnotonlylearnedtheunfamiliarlettersmorequickly,buttheywerealsobetterabletoapplytheirnewknowledgeinotherareas—byusingtheletterstomakenewwordsandtorecognizewordstheyhadn’tseenbefore,forexample.Therealquestionis:Arethereotherbenefitstohandwritingthathavetodowithreadingandspellingandunderstanding?Whilewriting,typing,andvisuallearningwereeffectiveatteachingparticipantstorecognizeArabicletters—learnersmadeveryfewmistakesaftersixexercisesessions—onaverage,thewritinggroupneededfewersessionstogettoagoodstandard.Researchersthentestedthegroupstoseehowthelearningcouldbegeneralized.Ineveryfollow-uptest,usingskillstheyhadn’tbeentrainedon,thewritinggroupperformedthebest:namingletters,writingletters,spellingwords,andreadingwords.While42peopleisn’tahugesamplesizeforastudyofthistype,thetrendsreportedbythestudyindicatethatpenandpaperstillhaveanimportantroletoplayinlearning,evenasdigitalformats(格式)havecometocontrolourcommunications.Andalthoughadultswereusedinthisparticularexperiment,theresearcherssaytheirfindingsshouldhaverelevancetochildrentoo.Severalpreviousstudieshavealsohighlightedtheadvantagesofcopyingasanaidtolearning.Todaypupilsinschoolsspendfarlesstimethantheyusedtoonhandwritingskillsandpractice,forobviousreasons—butbasedonwhatthisstudyshows,itwouldn’tbewisetoputawaythepensandpencilspermanently.Becausewithwriting,you’regettingastrongerrepresentationinyourmindthatletsyousupportothertypesoftasksthatdon’tinanywayinvolvehandwriting.23.Howdidtheresearchersgettheconclusion?A.Bymakingcomparison. B.Bystudyingdocument.C.Byaskingvolunteers. D.Bywatchingvideos.24.Inwhichparthandwritingperformsthebest?A.Communicatingwithothers. B.Reviewingthepreviousskills.C.Learninganewlanguage. D.Settinganexampletokids.25.Whydopupilsspendlesstimethantheyusedtoonhandwritingskills?A.Theydon’tlikepencilsandpaper. B.Thedigitaltoolsaremorepowerfultoday.C.Handwritinghasnothingtodowithstudy. D.Nobodyforcesthemtopracticehandwritingskills.26.Whatmightbethemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.Putdownyourkeyboard. B.Penwillreplacecomputers.C.Handwritingisoutoftimenow. D.Handwritingisbetterinlearning.【答案】23.A24.C25.B26.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要通過展示研究成果告訴我們，手寫在學習中依然重要?！?3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據第二段內容“Researcherstasked42adultvolunteerswithlearningtheArabiclettersfrombeginning:Somethroughwritingitoutonpaper,somethroughtypingitoutonakeyboard,andsomethroughwatchingandrespondingtovideoinstructions.Thoseinthehandwritinggroupnotonlylearnedtheunfamiliarlettersmorequickly,buttheywerealsobetterabletoapplytheirnewknowledgeinotherareas—byusingtheletterstomakenewwordsandtorecognizewordstheyhadn’tseenbefore,forexample.”（研究人員讓42名成年志愿者從一開始就學習阿拉伯語字母：一些人通過在紙上書寫，一些人通過在鍵盤上打字，還有一些人通過觀看和響應視頻指令。手寫組的人不僅更快地學會了不熟悉的字母，而且他們還能夠更好地將新知識應用到其他領域，例如，利用這些字母造出新詞，識別出他們以前從未見過的單詞。）可知，研究人員通過將42名成年志愿者分成三組來學習阿拉伯語字母，一些人通過在紙上書寫，一些人通過在鍵盤上打字，還有一些人通過觀看和響應視頻指令，然后對比三組的學習成果，發(fā)現手寫組的人能更快地學會不熟悉的字母，由此可推斷出，研究人員是通過比較得出結論的。故選A項?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據第二段關鍵句“Thoseinthehandwritinggroupnotonlylearnedtheunfamiliarlettersmorequickly,buttheywerealsobetterabletoapplytheirnewknowledgeinotherareas—byusingtheletterstomakenewwordsandtorecognizewordstheyhadn’tseenbefore,forexample.”（手寫組的人不僅更快地學會了不熟悉的字母，而且他們還能夠更好地將新知識應用到其他領域，例如，利用這些字母造出新詞，識別出他們以前從未見過的單詞。）和第五段關鍵句“Ineveryfollow-uptest,usingskillstheyhadn’tbeentrainedon,thewritinggroupperformedthebest:namingletters,writingletters,spellingwords,andreadingwords.”（在每一次后續(xù)測試中，使用未經訓練的技能，手寫組表現最好：命名字母、書寫字母、拼寫單詞和閱讀單詞。）可知，手寫組的人能更快地學會不熟悉的字母，并且在命名字母、書寫字母、拼寫單詞和閱讀單詞方面表現得最好，而學習字母和拼寫單詞等方面都是學習語言的相關技巧，由此可推斷出，手寫組在學習一門新語言方面表現得最好。故選C項?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據倒數第二段關鍵句“While42peopleisn’tahugesamplesizeforastudyofthistype,thetrendsreportedbythestudyindicatethatpenandpaperstillhaveanimportantroletoplayinlearning,evenasdigitalformats(格式)havecometocontrolourcommunications.”（雖然42人并不是這類研究的巨大樣本量，但研究報告的趨勢表明，筆和紙在學習中仍然發(fā)揮著重要作用，即使數字格式已經開始控制我們的交流。）可知，因為數字工具的功能更加強大，已經開始控制我們的交流，所以我們在學習中使用筆和紙的頻率降低了。再根據最后一段關鍵句“Todaypupilsinschoolsspendfarlesstimethantheyusedtoonhandwritingskillsandpractice,forobviousreasons—butbasedonwhatthisstudyshows,itwouldn’tbewisetoputawaythepensandpencilspermanently.”（今天，學校里的學生花在書寫技能和練習上的時間比過去少得多，原因顯而易見，但根據這項研究的結果，永久性地把鋼筆和鉛筆扔掉是不明智的。）可知，句中“obviousreasons”指代的就是數字工具在學習中的使用，由此可推斷出，學生花在書寫技能上的時間比過去少了是因為如今，數字工具的功能更加強大了。故選B項。【26題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀文章，結合倒數第二段關鍵句“While42peopleisn’tahugesamplesizeforastudyofthistype,thetrendsreportedbythestudyindicatethatpenandpaperstillhaveanimportantroletoplayinlearning,evenasdigitalformats(格式)havecometocontrolourcommunications.”（雖然42人并不是這類研究的巨大樣本量，但研究報告的趨勢表明，筆和紙在學習中仍然發(fā)揮著重要作用，即使數字格式已經開始控制我們的交流。）可知，文章主要通過展示研究成果告訴我們，手寫在學習中依然重要，甚至比應用數字設備學習效果更好，“Handwritingisbetterinlearning.”意為“手寫在學習中更好?！边x項能夠概括文章主要內容。故選D項。DAbuild-it-yourselfsolarstill(蒸餾器)isoneofthebestwaystoobtaindrinkingwaterinareaswheretheliquidisnotreadilyavailable.DevelopedbytwodoctorsintheU.S.DepartmentofAgriculture,it’sanexcellentwatercollector.Unfortunately,youmustcarrythenecessaryequipmentwithyou,sinceit’sallbutimpossibletofindnaturalsubstitutes.Theonlycomponentsrequired,though,area5＇×5＇sheetofclearorslightlymilkyplastic,sixfeetofplastictube,andacontainer—perhapsjustadrinkingcup—tocatchthewater.Thesepiecescanbefoldedintoaneatlittlepackandfastenedonyourbelt.Toconstructaworkingstill,useasharpstickorrocktodigaholefourfeetacrossandthreefeetdeep.Trytomaketheholeinadampareatoincreasethewatercatcher’sproductivity.Placeyourcupinthedeepestpartofthehole.Thenlaythetubeinplacesothatoneendrestsallthewayinthecupandtherestofthelinerunsup—andout—thesideofthehole.Next,covertheholewiththeplasticsheet,securingtheedgesoftheplasticwithdirtandweightingthesheet’scenterdownwitharock.Theplasticshouldnowformacone(圓錐體)with45-degree-angledsides.Thelowpointofthesheetmustbecentereddirectlyover,andnomorethanthreeinchesabove,thecup.Thesolarstillworksbycreatingagreenhouseundertheplastic.Groundwaterevaporates(蒸發(fā))andcollectsonthesheetuntilsmalldropsofwaterform,rundownthematerialandfalloffintothecup.Whenthecontainerisfull,youcansucktherefreshmentoutthroughthetube,andwon’thavetobreakdownthestilleverytimeyouneedadrink.27.Whatdoweknowaboutthesolarstillequipmentfromthefirstparagraph?A.It’sdelicate. B.It’sexpensive.C.It’scomplex. D.It’sportable.28.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“thewatercatcher”inparagraph2referto?A.Thetube. B.Thestill.C.Thehole. D.Thecup.29.What’sthelaststepofconstructingaworkingsolarstill?A.Digaholeofacertainsize. B.Putthecupinplace.C.Weightthesheet’scenterdown. D.Covertheholewiththeplasticsheet.30.Whenasolarstillworks,dropsofwatercomeintothecupfrom________.A.theplastictube B.outsidetheholeC.theopenair D.beneaththesheet【答案】27.D28.B29.C30.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇科普文章。文章主要介紹了一種自己可以親手制作的簡單易行的太陽能蒸餾器的方法和它的工作原理。這種蒸餾器所需的材料簡單，適用于任何缺水的地方?！?7題詳析】推理判斷題。根據文章第一段最后一句話Thesepiecescanbefoldedintoaneatlittlepackandfastenedonyourbelt.可知，制作蒸餾器的東西可以疊放在一個小包，系在腰間。說明制作蒸餾器的設備很輕便，portable表示“輕便的;手提的”，故選D?！?8題詳析】猜測詞義題。根據文章Trytomaketheholeinadampareatoincreasethewatercatcher’sproductivity可知，最好在潮濕的地方挖洞，以提高接水器的工作效率。接水器指的是在潮濕地方挖洞，在洞的底部放一個杯子，杯子上方用覆蓋膜遮擋。整個裝置構成接水器，而不是某個部分。這一題很容易錯選D。就算在干燥的地方挖洞，杯子也可以接水，杯子接水的事實并不會因為周圍的環(huán)境變化而變化，杯子的工作效率是不變的。故選B?！?9題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據文章第三段中的Next,covertheholewiththeplasticsheet,securingtheedgesoftheplasticwithdirtandweightingthesheet’scenterdownwitharock.可知，最后一步是weightingthesheet’scenterdownwitharock“放一塊石頭在覆蓋膜的中間，把它壓下去”，故選C?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據第四段中的Groundwaterevaporates(蒸發(fā))andcollectsonthesheetuntilsmalldropsofwaterform,rundownthematerialandfalloffintothecup可知，地下水蒸發(fā)，在覆蓋膜上聚集起來直到形成小水滴落在杯子里。覆蓋膜是在杯子上面的，水滴落入杯子里。所以水滴是凝聚在覆蓋膜的下面。故選D。ESciencehasalotofuses.Itcanuncoverlawsofnature,curediseases,makebombs,andhelpbridgestostandup.Indeedscienceissogoodatwhatitdoesthatthere’salwaysatemptation(誘惑)todragitintoproblemswhereitmaynotbehelpful.DavidBrooks,authorofTheSocialAnimal:TheHiddenSourcesofLove,Character,andAchievement,appearstobethelatestinalonglineofwriterswhohavefailedtoresistthetemptation.Brooksgainedfameforseveralbooks.HislatestbookTheSocialAnimal,however,ismoreambitiousandseriousthanhisearlierbooks.Itisanattempttodealwithasetofweightytopics.Thebookfocusesonbigquestions:Whathassciencerevealedabouthumannature?Whatarethesourcesofcharacter?Andwhyaresomepeoplehappyandsuccessfulwhileothersaren’t?Toanswerthesequestions,Brookssurveysawiderangeofdisciplines(學科).Consideringthis,youmightexpectthebooktobeadryrecitationoffacts.ButBrookshasstructuredhisbookinanunorthodox(非常規(guī)的),andperhapsunfortunate,way.Insteadofintroducingscientifictheories,hetellsastory,withinwhichhetriestomakehispoints,perhapsinordertokeepthereader’sattention.SoasHaroldandErica,theheroandheroineinhisstory,livethroughchildhood,wehearaboutthescienceofchilddevelopmentandastheybegintodatewehearaboutthetheoryofsexualattraction.Brookscarriesthisthroughtothedeathofoneofhischaracters.Onthewhole,Brooks’storyisacceptableifuninspired.Asonewouldexpect,hiswritingismostlyclearand,tobefair,somechaptersstandoutabovetherest.Ienjoyed,forinstance,thechapterinwhichHarolddiscovershowtothinkonhisown.WhileHaroldandEricaarecertainlynotstrongormemorablecharacters,themoreseriousproblemswithTheSocialAnimallieelsewhere.TheseproblemspartlyinvolveBrooks’attempttotranslatehistaleintoscience.31.Theauthormentionsthefunctionsofscienceatthebeginningofthepassageto__________.A.illustratewheresciencecanbeappliedB.demonstratethevalueofBrooks’newbookC.remindthereaderoftheimportanceofscienceD.explainwhymanywritersusescienceintheirworks32.Accordingtotheauthor,whichofthefollowingcouldbeastrengthofthebook?A.Itsstrongbasis.B.Itsconvincingpoints.C.Itsclearwriting.D.Itsmemorablecharacters.33.Whatistheauthor’sgeneralattitudetowardsthebook?A.Contradictory.B.Supportive.C.Cautious.D.Critical.34.Whatistheauthorlikelytowriteaboutafterthelastparagraph?A.Problemswiththebook.B.Brooks’slifeexperience.C.Deathofthecharacters.D.Brooks’stranslationskills.【答案】31.D32.C33.D34.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應用文，是一則書評，作者介紹了DavidBrooks的書TheSocialAnimal，并告訴我們在這本書中他如何運用科學方面的知識來闡述他的故事，并指出這本書的優(yōu)點和不足?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據第一段“Sciencehasalotofuses.Itcanuncoverlawsofnature,curediseases,makebombs,andhelpbridgestostandup.Indeedscienceissogoodatwhatitdoesthatthere’salwaysatemptation(誘惑)todragitintoproblemswhereitmaynotbehelpful.DavidBrooks,authorofTheSocialAnimal:TheHiddenSourcesofLove,Character,andAchievement,appearstobethelatestinalonglineofwriterswhohavefailedtoresistthetemptation.(科學有很多用途。它可以揭示自然規(guī)律，治療疾病，制造炸彈，幫助橋梁建立起來。事實上，科學是如此擅長它所做的事情，以至于總是有一種誘惑把它拖入可能沒有幫助的問題中。大衛(wèi)·布魯克斯是《社會動物：愛、性格和成就的隱藏來源》一書的作者，他似乎是眾多作家中最新一個未能抵制住誘惑的人)”可推知，作者在