安徽2025自考[英語]英語詞匯學模擬題及答案一、單項選擇題（共20題，每題1分，計20分）說明：下列每題均有四個選項，請選擇唯一正確的答案。1.Thestudyofwords,theirforms,andmeaningsiscalled______.A.semanticsB.syntaxC.morphologyD.pragmatics2.Awordthatconsistsoftwoormorefreemorphemesiscalleda______.A.compoundwordB.derivativewordC.rootwordD.prefix3.Theprocessofaddingasuffixtoawordtochangeitsmeaningorgrammaticalfunctioniscalled______.A.compoundingB.derivationC.inflectionD.conversion4.Theformofawordthatisusedtoindicatetense,number,orcaseiscalled______.A.derivativeformB.inflectionalformC.compoundformD.rootform5.Thestudyofhowwordsareusedincontextiscalled______.A.semanticsB.syntaxC.pragmaticsD.etymology6.Themeaningofawordthatisimpliedbyitsassociationwithotherwordsiscalled______.A.denotationB.connotationC.colligationD.collocation7.Theprocessofchangingtheformofawordwithoutchangingitsmeaningiscalled______.A.conversionB.derivationC.inflectionD.compounding8.Awordthathasmorethanonemeaningiscalled______.A.polysemousB.homonymousC.homophonicD.synonymic9.Thestudyoftheoriginofwordsiscalled______.A.semanticsB.syntaxC.etymologyD.pragmatics10.Therelationshipbetweenwordsinasentenceiscalled______.A.collocationB.colligationC.syntaxD.semantics11.Theprocessofforminganewwordbycombiningtwoormoreexistingwordsiscalled______.A.derivationB.compoundingC.conversionD.inflection12.Awordthatisformedbyaddingaprefixtoarootiscalleda______.A.compoundwordB.derivativewordC.rootwordD.inflectionalform13.Themeaningofawordthatisdirectlystatediscalled______.A.denotationB.connotationC.colligationD.collocation14.Thestudyofhowwordsareorganizedintosentencesiscalled______.A.semanticsB.syntaxC.pragmaticsD.etymology15.Awordthathasthesamesoundbutdifferentmeaningsiscalled______.A.polysemousB.homonymousC.homophonicD.synonymic16.Theprocessofchangingthemeaningofawordovertimeiscalled______.A.semanticshiftB.semanticdriftC.semanticchangeD.semanticevolution17.Therelationshipbetweenwordsthatoftenoccurtogetheriscalled______.A.collocationB.colligationC.syntaxD.semantics18.Awordthatisusedtodescribeanotherwordiscalled______.A.modifierB.headwordC.derivativeD.inflection19.Thestudyofhowwordsareformedinalanguageiscalled______.A.morphologyB.syntaxC.pragmaticsD.etymology20.Theprocessofforminganewwordbychangingtheformofanexistingwordiscalled______.A.compoundingB.derivationC.conversionD.inflection二、填空題（共10題，每題1分，計10分）說明：請根據(jù)題意填寫合適的詞匯。1.Thestudyofwordformationiscalled______.2.Awordthatconsistsofarootandasuffixiscalleda______.3.Themeaningofawordthatisimpliedbyitscontextiscalled______.4.Theprocessofaddingaprefixtoaroottoformanewwordiscalled______.5.Therelationshipbetweenwordsinasentenceiscalled______.6.Awordthathasmorethanonemeaningbutthesameformiscalled______.7.Thestudyofhowwordschangetheirmeaningovertimeiscalled______.8.Theformofawordthatisusedtoindicategrammaticalfunctioniscalled______.9.Theprocessofforminganewwordbycombiningtwoormoreexistingwordsiscalled______.10.Themeaningofawordthatisdirectlystatediscalled______.三、判斷題（共10題，每題1分，計10分）說明：請判斷下列說法的正誤（正確填“√”，錯誤填“×”）。1.Morphologyisthestudyofhowwordsareusedincontext.2.Acompoundwordconsistsofarootandasuffix.3.Derivationinvolveschangingtheformofawordwithoutchangingitsmeaning.4.Thestudyoftheoriginofwordsiscalledetymology.5.Collocationreferstotherelationshipbetweenwordsinasentence.6.Apolysemouswordhasthesamesoundbutdifferentmeanings.7.Theprocessofforminganewwordbyaddingasuffixiscalledcompounding.8.Inflectionalmorphologydealswiththeinternalstructureofwords.9.Themeaningofawordthatisimpliedbyitsassociationwithotherwordsiscalledconnotation.10.Semanticsisthestudyofhowwordsareorganizedintosentences.四、名詞解釋（共5題，每題2分，計10分）說明：請簡要解釋下列名詞的含義。1.Denotation2.Collocation3.Inflection4.Derivation5.Semanticshift五、簡答題（共4題，每題5分，計20分）說明：請根據(jù)題意簡要回答問題。1.WhatarethemainprocessesofwordformationinEnglish?2.Howdoesthestudyofetymologyhelpusunderstandthedevelopmentofalanguage?3.Whatisthedifferencebetweencollocationandcolligation?4.Howdoescontextinfluencethemeaningofaword?六、論述題（共1題，計10分）說明：請根據(jù)題意進行詳細論述。DiscusstheroleofmorphologyinthestudyofEnglishvocabulary.Howdoesunderstandingmorphologyhelplearnersimprovetheirvocabularyacquisition?參考答案及解析一、單項選擇題答案1.C|2.A|3.B|4.B|5.C|6.B|7.C|8.A|9.C|10.C|11.B|12.B|13.A|14.B|15.C|16.A|17.A|18.A|19.A|20.B解析：1.C.morphology是詞法研究的核心。2.A.compoundword是由兩個或多個自由詞素構(gòu)成的復(fù)合詞。3.B.derivation是派生法，通過添加詞綴改變詞義或語法功能。4.B.inflectionalform是屈折變化形式，如動詞時態(tài)變化。5.C.pragmatics是語用學，研究語言在語境中的使用。6.B.connotation是詞語的內(nèi)涵意義，如“home”的溫馨聯(lián)想。7.C.inflection是屈折變化，如“walks”的復(fù)數(shù)形式。8.A.polysemous是一詞多義，如“bank”指金融機構(gòu)或河岸。9.C.etymology是詞源學，研究詞語的起源。10.C.syntax是句法學，研究句子結(jié)構(gòu)。11.B.compounding是復(fù)合法，如“blackboard”。12.B.derivativeword是派生詞，如“unhappy”（前綴+詞根）。13.A.denotation是詞語的字面意義，如“dog”指動物。14.B.syntax是句法學，研究句子組織。15.C.homophonic是同音異義詞，如“to”“too”“two”。16.A.semanticshift是語義轉(zhuǎn)移，如“nice”從“ugly”變?yōu)椤皃leasant”。17.A.collocation是搭配，如“heavyrain”。18.A.modifier是修飾語，如“beautifulflower”。19.A.morphology是詞法學，研究詞語構(gòu)成。20.B.derivation是派生法，如“happiness”（添加后綴“-ness”）。二、填空題答案1.morphology2.derivativeword3.connotation4.prefixation5.colligation6.homonymous7.semanticchange8.inflectionalform9.compounding10.denotation三、判斷題答案1.×|2.×|3.×|4.√|5.×|6.×|7.×|8.√|9.×|10.×解析：1.×.morphology是詞法學，研究詞語結(jié)構(gòu)；語用學是pragmatics。2.×.compoundword是由兩個或多個詞素構(gòu)成的，如“bookshelf”；詞綴加在詞根上形成派生詞。3.×.derivation是派生法，改變詞義或語法功能；inflection是屈折變化，不改變詞義。4.√.etymology是詞源學，研究詞語起源。5.×.colligation是詞語搭配關(guān)系；collocation是固定搭配，如“strongtea”。6.×.homophonic是同音異義詞；homonymous是同形異義詞。7.×.compounding是復(fù)合法；suffixation是加后綴。8.√.inflectionalmorphology是屈折變化研究。9.×.connotation是詞語內(nèi)涵意義；colligation是詞語搭配關(guān)系。10.×.syntax是句法學；pragmatics是語用學。四、名詞解釋答案1.Denotation：詞語的字面意義，直接表達的概念，如“table”指家具。2.Collocation：固定搭配，如“heavyrain”；colligation是詞語在句子中的語法關(guān)系。3.Inflection：屈折變化，改變詞形以表示語法功能，如“walks”“walking”。4.Derivation：派生法，通過添加詞綴形成新詞，如“unhappy”（前綴+詞根）。5.Semanticshift：語義轉(zhuǎn)移，詞語意義隨時間變化，如“nice”從“ugly”變?yōu)椤皃leasant”。五、簡答題答案1.WhatarethemainprocessesofwordformationinEnglish?-Compounding：復(fù)合法，如“blackboard”。-Derivation：派生法，如“happy”→“happiness”。-Conversion：詞性轉(zhuǎn)換，如“run”（動詞）→“run”（名詞）。-Inflection：屈折變化，如“walks”“walking”。-Blending：混合法，如“brunch”（breakfast+lunch）。2.Howdoesthestudyofetymologyhelpusunderstandthedevelopmentofalanguage?-Etymologyrevealshistoricalchangesinmeaning,suchas“nice”originallymeaning“ugly.”-Itshowshowwordsborrowedfromotherlanguages（如“coffee”）areadapted.-Ithelpstracelinguisticevolution,suchasOldEnglish“hund”becomingmodern“dog.”3.Whatisthedifferencebetweencollocationandcolligation?-Collocation：固定搭配，如“heavyrain”（搭配緊密）；-Colligation：詞語在句子中的語法關(guān)系，如“Shewalksslowly”（動詞+副詞搭配）。4.Howdoescontextinfluencethemeaningofaword?-Contextdeterminesdenotation（字面意義）orconnotation（內(nèi)涵意義），如“bank”指金融機構(gòu)或河岸。-Ambiguityariseswithoutcontext（如“bank”），contextclarifiesmeaning.六、論述題答案DiscusstheroleofmorphologyinthestudyofEnglishvocabulary.Howdoesunderstandingmorphologyhelplearnersimprovetheirvocabularyacquisition?Morphologyisessentialinvocabularystudiesbecauseitrevealstheinternalstructureofwords,enablinglearnerstounderstandandpredictwordformation.Here’showithelps:1.WordAnalysis：Morphologybreakswordsintoroots,p