高一上學(xué)期工藝與英語(yǔ)試題一、英語(yǔ)試題結(jié)構(gòu)分析高一上學(xué)期英語(yǔ)試題通常包含聽(tīng)力、閱讀理解、完形填空、語(yǔ)法填空、書(shū)面表達(dá)等核心模塊，總分150分，考試時(shí)長(zhǎng)120分鐘。其中，聽(tīng)力部分占30分，分為短對(duì)話、長(zhǎng)對(duì)話和獨(dú)白三種題型，主要考查學(xué)生對(duì)日常交際和簡(jiǎn)單語(yǔ)篇的理解能力；閱讀理解占40分，包含4-5篇不同題材的短文，涵蓋新聞報(bào)道、科普說(shuō)明、人物故事等類型，重點(diǎn)測(cè)試信息檢索、推理判斷和主旨?xì)w納能力；完形填空占30分，通過(guò)一篇300詞左右的記敘文或夾敘夾議文，考查詞匯辨析、固定搭配及上下文邏輯理解；語(yǔ)法填空占15分，要求在語(yǔ)篇中填入適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或用所給單詞的正確形式填空，涉及時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞等基礎(chǔ)語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)；書(shū)面表達(dá)占25分，通常為應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作（如書(shū)信、郵件）或話題作文，側(cè)重考查語(yǔ)言組織和表達(dá)能力。從題型分布來(lái)看，試題設(shè)計(jì)遵循"基礎(chǔ)能力與綜合運(yùn)用并重"的原則。聽(tīng)力和閱讀理解合計(jì)占70分，凸顯對(duì)輸入能力的重視；完形填空和語(yǔ)法填空占45分，聚焦語(yǔ)言知識(shí)的靈活運(yùn)用；書(shū)面表達(dá)則強(qiáng)調(diào)輸出能力的培養(yǎng)。這種結(jié)構(gòu)既符合高中英語(yǔ)課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的要求，也為工藝主題的融入提供了多元載體——不同題型可從詞匯、語(yǔ)篇、文化等層面滲透工藝相關(guān)內(nèi)容，實(shí)現(xiàn)語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)與實(shí)踐認(rèn)知的有機(jī)結(jié)合。二、工藝主題在試題中的體現(xiàn)（一）聽(tīng)力理解：工藝場(chǎng)景的日常化呈現(xiàn)在聽(tīng)力部分，短對(duì)話常模擬工藝相關(guān)的生活場(chǎng)景。例如：購(gòu)物場(chǎng)景：顧客詢問(wèn)手工制品的材質(zhì)（"Isthispotterymadeofclayorporcelain?"）、制作工藝（"Doestheweavingpatternusetraditionalmethods?"）或價(jià)格（"Thehand-paintedvasecosts120yuan,butthemachine-madeoneisonly40."）。校園活動(dòng)：學(xué)生討論參加陶藝社團(tuán)（"Ourpotteryclubwillholdanexhibitionnextmonth.Weneedtofinishthreepiecesbythen."）或木工課安排（"ThewoodworkingclassonSaturdayrequiresbringingyourowntools:asaw,ahammerandsandpaper."）。新聞報(bào)道：介紹傳統(tǒng)工藝的保護(hù)（"Alocalgovernmenthasinvested2millionyuantopreservetheancientpaper-makingtechniqueinthevillage."）或創(chuàng)新應(yīng)用（"Auniversityteamdevelopeda3D-printedmaskthatcombinestraditionalembroiderypatterns."）。長(zhǎng)對(duì)話和獨(dú)白則可能圍繞工藝制作過(guò)程展開(kāi)。如一段關(guān)于茶藝表演的獨(dú)白："First,weneedtoheattheteapotwithboilingwatertowarmitup.Thenadd5gramsoftealeaves—thisiscrucialfortheflavor.Afterpouringwaterat85℃,weshouldletitsteepforexactly45secondsbeforeserving..."這類材料不僅考查數(shù)字聽(tīng)寫(xiě)（如溫度、時(shí)間）和步驟排序能力，還隱含對(duì)工藝細(xì)節(jié)的理解要求。（二）閱讀理解：工藝文化的深度滲透閱讀理解部分常選取與傳統(tǒng)工藝、現(xiàn)代科技制作相關(guān)的文本，可分為三類主題：傳統(tǒng)工藝的傳承與創(chuàng)新此類文章可能介紹某項(xiàng)非遺技藝（如剪紙、景泰藍(lán)）的歷史淵源、制作流程及當(dāng)代發(fā)展。例如一篇關(guān)于蘇繡的短文："Suembroidery,withahistoryofover2,000years,usessilkthreadsof12differentcolors.Themostdifficultstitch,called'pingjin',requirestheartisantomake48needlemovementspercentimeter.Today,youngdesignersarecombiningSuembroiderywithfashion,creatingdressesthathavebeenshownatParisFashionWeek..."題目設(shè)置可能包括："Whatmakes'pingjin'stitchchallenging?"（細(xì)節(jié)題）、"WhydodesignersintegrateSuembroideryintofashion?"（推理題）、"Thepassagemainlydiscusses..."（主旨題）?？萍寂c工藝的融合涉及3D打印、智能制造等現(xiàn)代技術(shù)對(duì)傳統(tǒng)工藝的影響。如："3Dprintinghasrevolutionizedjewelrymaking.Traditionalgoldsmithsneededthreedaystocreateacomplexnecklace,butnowa3Dprintercanfinishitin12hours.However,artisansarguethatmachine-madeproductslacktheuniquetextureofhandcraftedwork..."文中可能對(duì)比傳統(tǒng)與現(xiàn)代制作的效率、成本及藝術(shù)價(jià)值，題目則側(cè)重觀點(diǎn)比較和詞義猜測(cè)（如"revolutionized"、"texture"）。工藝背后的科學(xué)原理科普類文本可能解釋工藝制作中的化學(xué)或物理現(xiàn)象。例如陶瓷燒制："Whenclayisheatedto1,300℃inthekiln,itsmineralsundergoachemicalchangecalledvitrification.Thisprocesshardenstheclayandmakesitwaterproof.Ifthetemperatureistoolow,thepotterywillremainporousand易碎..."題目可能考查對(duì)專業(yè)術(shù)語(yǔ)（如"vitrification"、"porous"）的理解，或?qū)?shí)驗(yàn)過(guò)程的邏輯分析。（三）完形填空：工藝制作的敘事化展現(xiàn)完形填空常以記敘文形式講述工藝相關(guān)的故事，如學(xué)徒學(xué)習(xí)技藝的經(jīng)歷、一次手工比賽的過(guò)程或一件工藝品的制作故事。以下為片段示例："WhenIfirstjoinedthewoodworkingworkshop,Ithoughtsandingthewoodwasasimpletask.ButMasterLishowedmethateverystrokeofthesandpapermustfollowthegrain.'Ifyougoagainstit,'hesaid,'you'llleavescratchesthateven10coatsofpaintcan't1..'Onmyfirstattempttomakeawoodenbowl,Imessedupthe2.—thesideswereuneven,andthebottomwaslopsided.MasterLididn'tscoldme.Instead,hetookmychiselanddemonstrated:'Feelthewood.Letitguideyourhand.Craftisn'tabout3.____perfection,butunderstandingthematerial.'"A.hideB.fixC.coverD.removeA.shapeB.colorC.sizeD.weightA.creatingB.seekingC.designingD.measuring此類試題通過(guò)工藝制作的細(xì)節(jié)描寫(xiě)（如砂紙打磨方向、鑿子使用技巧），考查學(xué)生對(duì)語(yǔ)境的把握和詞匯的精準(zhǔn)運(yùn)用。選項(xiàng)設(shè)置既包含動(dòng)詞、名詞等實(shí)詞辨析，也涉及介詞、連詞等虛詞的搭配，同時(shí)通過(guò)師傅的話語(yǔ)傳遞"匠心精神"等文化內(nèi)涵，實(shí)現(xiàn)語(yǔ)言能力與價(jià)值引導(dǎo)的雙重考查。（四）語(yǔ)法填空：工藝術(shù)語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)法運(yùn)用語(yǔ)法填空題常以工藝說(shuō)明性文本為載體，要求學(xué)生在理解制作流程的基礎(chǔ)上完成語(yǔ)法填空。例如："Papermaking,1.____(invent)byCaiLunintheEasternHanDynasty,isoneofChina'sFourGreatInventions.Theprocessbeginswithbamboo2.____(cut)intosmallpieces,whicharethenboiledinwatertoremoveimpurities.Afterwashing,thebambooispoundedintoapulpandmixedwithwater.Thepulp3.____(pour)ontoabamboomat,andexcesswater4.____(press)out.Thewetpaperislefttodryinthesun,andfinallycutintostandardsizes.Today,traditionalpapermaking5.____(keep)aliveinsomevillages,whereartisansstillfollowtheseancientsteps."invented（非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，表被動(dòng)）cut（非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，過(guò)去分詞作后置定語(yǔ)）ispoured（被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)）ispressed（被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，并列謂語(yǔ)）iskept（被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)）該文本通過(guò)造紙術(shù)的制作步驟（砍竹、煮料、制漿、抄紙、干燥），集中考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法。學(xué)生需根據(jù)上下文的時(shí)態(tài)和邏輯關(guān)系，判斷動(dòng)詞的形式變化，同時(shí)接觸"pulp"（紙漿）、"impurities"（雜質(zhì)）等工藝術(shù)語(yǔ)，拓展專業(yè)詞匯量。（五）書(shū)面表達(dá)：工藝主題的語(yǔ)言輸出書(shū)面表達(dá)常要求圍繞工藝主題進(jìn)行寫(xiě)作，主要有兩種類型：應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作例如給外國(guó)筆友寫(xiě)一封郵件，介紹中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)工藝："DearTom,youaskedaboutChinesetraditionalcrafts.I'dliketointroducekite-makinginmyhometown.Theframesaremadeofbamboo,andthepaperispaintedwithcolorfulpatterns—dragons,phoenixes,orhistoricalfigures.What'sinterestingisthateachkitehasaunique'voice'fromitstail.Lastspring,Imadeakiteshapedlikeabutterfly.Ittookmethreeweekendstofinishthepainting..."此類寫(xiě)作需注意格式規(guī)范（如郵件的開(kāi)頭結(jié)尾），并運(yùn)用恰當(dāng)?shù)倪B接詞（first,then,finally）描述制作過(guò)程。話題作文以"Shouldwereplacehandcraftwithmachineproduction?"為題寫(xiě)一篇議論文，要求表達(dá)觀點(diǎn)并給出理由。學(xué)生可從效率、成本、文化價(jià)值等角度展開(kāi)："Whilemachinesincreaseproductionspeed,handcrafteditemscarrytheartisan'sspirit.Ahand-wovencarpetmayhaveslightimperfections,buteachstitchrepresentshoursofworkandculturalheritage..."寫(xiě)作中需使用對(duì)比連詞（however,although）、舉例論證（forexample,suchas）等表達(dá)，體現(xiàn)邏輯思維和語(yǔ)言組織能力。三、題型示例詳解（一）閱讀理解示例PassageATraditionalChineseLacquerwareLacquerwarehasbeenpartofChinesecultureforover8,000years.Madefromthesapofthelacquertree,itinvolvesover20steps—fromcollectingthesaptoapplyingthefinalcoat.Theprocessistime-consuming:asinglelacquerbowlmaytakethreemonthstocomplete.Ancientartisansdiscoveredthataddingmineralstolacquercreatesdifferentcolors.Forred,theymixedcinnabar;forblack,ironoxide;forgold,realgoldpowder.ThesecolorsaresostablethatlacquerwarefromtheHanDynastystillretainsitsbrilliancetoday.Modernlacquerartistsareinnovatingwhilepreservingtradition.ZhangWei,amastercraftsman,combineslacquerwithglass."Thetransparencyofglassmakesthelayersoflacquervisible,likelookingthroughtime,"heexplains.Hiswork"TimeTunnel"wasdisplayedattheVeniceArtBiennale,showinghowtraditional工藝(gōngyì)canspeaktoglobalaudiences.Questions:Whatisthemainrawmaterialoflacquerware?A.TreeleavesB.PlantsapC.MineralpowderD.GlasspiecesWhydoestheauthormentionHanDynastylacquerware?A.ToshowthedurabilityoflacquercolorsB.TocompareancientandmoderntechniquesC.ToexplainthehistoryoflacquerwareD.TointroduceafamoushistoricalartifactTheunderlinedword"brilliance"inParagraph2isclosestinmeaningto____.A.hardnessB.valueC.brightnessD.smoothness解析：本文通過(guò)介紹中國(guó)漆器的歷史、制作原料和現(xiàn)代創(chuàng)新，考查學(xué)生對(duì)工藝主題文本的理解。第1題考查細(xì)節(jié)定位，根據(jù)第一段"Madefromthesapofthelacquertree"可知答案為B；第2題涉及寫(xiě)作目的，第二段提到漢代漆器是為了證明礦物顏料的穩(wěn)定性（"Thesecolorsaresostable"），故選A；第3題考查詞義猜測(cè)，"brilliance"描述顏色的持久鮮艷，與"brightness"同義，答案為C。（二）完形填空示例Text:PotteryclasswasmyleastfavoritesubjectuntilMr.Chen,ournewartteacher,walkedinwithaboxofmisshapenbowls."Thesearemyfirstattemptsfrom20yearsago,"hesaid,placingthemonthedesk."Seethisone?I1.____theglazetoothick,soitcrackedduringfiring.Andthistinycup?Iforgotto2.____thebottom,soitwobbles."Westaredattheimperfectpieces,confused.Mr.Chensmiled:"Craftisn'taboutbeingperfect.It'sabout3.____frommistakes.Today,Iwantyoutomakesomethingthattellsastory—norules,no'right'way."Forweeks,weexperimented.Itriedtomakeateapotshapedlikeapinecone,butthespoutbrokeoff.Insteadofgivingup,Iaddedsmallpineneedlesaroundthecrack,turningtheflawintoa4.____.Onexhibitionday,my"CrackedPineconeTeapot"wasdisplayednexttoMr.Chen'soldbowls.A.spreadB.appliedC.mixedD.paintedA.flattenB.polishC.measureD.decorateA.sufferingB.hidingC.learningD.escapingA.featureB.mistakeC.secretD.problem解析：本文通過(guò)陶藝課的故事，展現(xiàn)工藝制作中的"容錯(cuò)精神"。第1題考查動(dòng)詞搭配，"applyglaze"（上釉）為固定短語(yǔ)，答案為B；第2題根據(jù)下文"wobbles"（搖晃）可知是底部未弄平，選A；第3題呼應(yīng)前文老師展示失敗作品的意圖，即從錯(cuò)誤中學(xué)習(xí)，答案為C；第4題指將裂縫轉(zhuǎn)化為特色，選A。全題通過(guò)陶藝術(shù)語(yǔ)（glaze,firing,spout）和制作場(chǎng)景，考查語(yǔ)境理解和詞匯運(yùn)用。（三）書(shū)面表達(dá)示例題目要求：假設(shè)你參加了學(xué)校組織的"非遺進(jìn)校園"活動(dòng)，體驗(yàn)了傳統(tǒng)剪紙藝術(shù)。請(qǐng)給你的英國(guó)朋友Peter寫(xiě)一封郵件，介紹活動(dòng)內(nèi)容和你的感受，詞數(shù)100左右。參考范文：DearPeter,LastFriday,ourschoolhelda"IntangibleCulturalHeritage"event.Itriedpaper-cutting,atraditionalChinesecraftwhereyoucutpatternsintoredpaperwithscissors.Themastertaughtustofoldthepaperfirst—somepatternsneed8layers!Myhandsshookatfirst,butafterpracticing,Imadeabutterf