高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1山東省啟思大聯(lián)考2025-2026學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期開學(xué)英語試題第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatisthemanlookingfor?A.Abirthdaycake. B.Ascarfforhimself. C.Agiftforhismom.【答案】C【原文】M:I’mlookingforabirthdaygiftformymom.Doyouhaveanysuggestions?W:Howaboutthisbeautifulscarf?It’ssoftandcomesinherfavoritecolor.2.Whatwillthespeakersdothisweekend?A.Seeamovie. B.Walkonthebeach. C.Flykitesinthepark.【答案】C【原文】M:Hey,Sally,let’sdosomethingfunthisweekend.Howaboutwatchingamovie?W:Thatsoundsnice,butI’drathergoforawalkonthebeachorflykitesinthepark.M:Goodidea!Let’sflykitesinthepark.3.Whatisthewoman’splanfortheweekend?A.Relaxingathome. B.Catchinguponwork. C.Visitinghergrandparents.【答案】A【原文】M:Ican’tbelieveit’salreadytheweekend.I’mplanningtovisitmygrandparents.Whataboutyou?W:I’mjustgoingtorest,enjoymyselfathomeandcatchuponsomesleep.I’vebeensobusylately.4.Whatwillthemanprobablydo?A.Drawpictures. B.Writestories. C.Playsports.【答案】B【原文】M:I’vebeenthinkingabouttakingupanewhobby,butI’mnotsurewhattodo.W:Whatkindofactivitiesdoyoulike,maybesomethingcreativelikepaintingorwriting?M:I’mnotverygoodatdrawing,butIenjoyreadingbooks.MaybeIcouldstartwritingmyownstories.5.Whatdoesthemanprobablydo?A.Ateacher. B.Adoctor. C.Asalesman.【答案】B【原文】W:Mybrothercaughtacold.Whatwouldyourecommendhimtoeat?M:Youcangivehimsomesoup,butmakesureit’snottoohot.Heshouldrestanddrinkplentyofwater.W:Thanks.HowoftenshouldIremindhimtotakehismedicine?M:Remembertotakeiteverysixhoursandhewillbebettersoon.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前,你將有時間閱讀各個小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段對話，回答以下小題。6.Whenwillthewomangotothemovie?A.At6p.m. B.At7p.m. C.At9p.m.7.Howwillthewomanbuythetickets?A.Bycallingthecinema’sstaff.B.Bygoingtothecinema.C.Byvisitingthecinema’swebsite.【答案】6.B7.C【原文】W:Hi,I’mcallingaboutthenewmovieNeZha2.Isitstillon?M:Yes,it’splayingatthecinemaallweek.Youcancatcheitherthe7p.m.or9p.m.show.W:I’dliketogoat7p.m.Isthereadiscountforstudents?M:Yes,there’sa10%discountforstudentsafter6p.m..W:Perfect!CanIbookticketsonline?M:Yes,youcan.Justvisitthecinema’swebsitetoreserveyourseat.W:Great!I’lldothat.Thanksfortheinformation!聽下面一段對話，回答以下小題。8.WhatdoesTimremindLisatobringforthetrip?A.Drinks. B.Anumbrella. C.Snacks.9.WhatdidTimdolastnight?A.HewatchedTV. B.Heplayedgames. C.Hefinishedhishomework.10.WhatisLisamostexcitedtoseeatthemuseum?A.Statues. B.Paintings. C.Handicrafts.【答案】8.B9.C10.A【原文】M:Hey,Lisa,areyoureadyfortheschooltriptomorrow?W:Almost,Tim.Ijustneedtopackmybag,I’msoexcited!M:Metoo.Iheardwe’revisitingamuseumfirst,thenaparkwherewecanhavelunch.Mymomaskedmetobringanumbrella—itmightrain.Youshouldbringone,too.W:Thanks,Iwill.I’malsogoingtobringsnacksandmyfavoritedrinks.Didyoufinishyourhomework?M:Yeah,Ididitlastnight.IwantedtoplaygamesandwatchTVinstead,butIknewI’dbetoobusytoday.W:Smartmove.I’llfinishmineafterpacking,Oh,Ihopeweseesomecoolstatuesinthemuseum!M:Samehere.Ihopetoseesomebeautifulpaintingsandhandicrafts.聽下面一段對話,回答以下小題。11.Whatwastheman’schildhoodlike?A.Peacefulandadventurous.B.Busyandcolorful.C.Challengingandcomplex.12.Wheredidthemanattenduniversity?A.InGreenfield. B.InLondon. C.Inanearbytown.13.Whydoesthemanfrequentlyreturntohishometown?A.Tomeethisfriends.B.Tostaywithhismother.C.Tomaintainhisfamily’soldhouse.【答案】11.A12.B13.C【原文】W:YougrewupinthetownofGreenfield,right?Whatwasyourchildhoodlikethere?M:Itwaswonderful,Greenfieldwassmall,andwedidn’thavemanyactivities,butitwaspeaceful.MyfriendsandIspentalotoftimeexploring,playingsports,andmakingupourowngames,W:Soundslikeyouhadajoyfulchildhood.DidyoustudyinGreenfieldaswell?M:Yes,IstudiedtherebeforeheadingtomyuniversityinLondon,W:Doyouvisitthetownoften?M:Yes,Igobackafewtimeseachyear,mainlytotakecareoftheoldhousethatmyfamilyhasthere.W:Doyouevermeetupwitholdfriendswhenyouvisit?M:Sometimes,yes.Someofmychildhoodfriendsstilllivethere.Andit’salwaysnicetocatchupandrememberouradventures.W:Thatsoundslovely.聽下面一段對話，回答以下小題。14.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Schoolfriends. B.Bossandsecretary. C.Salesmanandcustomer.15.Whatarethespeakerstryingtodecide?A.Wheretoparkdowntown.B.Howtorepairanoldbike.C.Whethertobuyabikeonline.16.Howmuchdoestheonlinebikecost?A.$100. B.$120. C.$150.17.Whatdoesthewomanfocusonabouttheonlinebike?A.Itssizeandfit. B.Itshighprice. C.Itsmisleadingphotos.【答案】14.A15.C16.C17.C【原文】M:Hey,Ifoundthisbikeforsaleonline.It’s150dollars,andtheysayit’singoodshape.Shouldwegetit?W:Thatsoundslikeafairprice,butweshouldcheckafewthingsfirst.Isawashopdowntownsellingbikesfor120dollars.Theyalsorepairoldones,somaybewecouldfindabetterdealthere.M:True,butgoingdowntowntakestime,andweneedtopayforparking.Ifthisonlineoneisreadytoride,itmightsaveustrouble.Whatiftheshop’sbikesneedfixing?Thatcouldcostextra.W:Goodpoint.Still,I’dratherseethebikemyselfbeforebuyingit.Onlinephotoscantrickyou.Whatifweaskthesellerformoredetailsfirst?M:OK,thatworks.I’llmessagehimandaskhimaboutthebike’scondition.W:I’llchecktheshop’sopeninghourstoo,justincasewewanttovisitlater.M:Great.Let’sdecideafterwehearback.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。18.Whatisacommonmisunderstandingaboutthegarden?A.Ituseslamps. B.Itsellsdrinks. C.Itonlygrowsflowers.19.Whatcanvisitorsdoonthetour?A.Tastefreshsnacks. B.Catchfishbythelake. C.Bringtheirowndrinks.20.Whatisthemaintopicofthetalk?A.Aguidetolocalfarming.B.Atourofthenewgarden.C.Alessononcatchingbirds.【答案】18.A19.A20.B【原文】Hello,everyone!Welcometoourtown’snewgardentour.I’mexcitedtosharehowwegrowfreshproducehere.Afewyearsago,visitorscouldn’tseemuchbecauseourgardensweresmallandonlyhadflowers.Butnow,we’vemadebigchanges.Weusesunnyfieldstogrowvegetablesliketomatoesandcarrotsallyear.Duringthetour,you’llseethesefieldsunderbrightsunlight,whichhelpstheplantsgrowstrong.Manypeoplethinkweuselampsindoors,butno,it’sallnaturallightoutside.You’llalsotastesomefreshsnackswemakefromtheharvest,thoughdrinksaren’tincluded—bringyourownwater!Nextweek,we’restartingabird-watchingeventbythelake.It’safunwaytoseelocalbirds,notfishlikesomeaskedabout.So,enjoythetour,trythesnacks,andcomebackforthebirds!第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AWhichbookyoushouldreadbasedonyournexttraveldestinationHarukiMurakami’s“1Q84”isadystopianadventurethat’sperfectfortheplaneridetoJapan.FamedJapaneseauthorHarukiMurakamicreatesanalternate1984called1Q84wherenothingfeelsrightandeverythingisslightlydifferent.SetinTokyo,Japan,thisdystopian,mystery-filledfantasynovelissuretokeepyourcaptivatedduringyourtrip.Bring“OneHundredYearsofSolitude”toreadinSouthAmerica.Asignificantworkofliterature,GabrielGarciaMarquez’sclassicfollowsgenerationsoftheBuendiafamilyastheyliveintheirSouth-Americantown.GarciaMarquez’smagicalrealismpairedwithhislushdescriptionsmakesthebookaperfectreadforvisitingsomeofthebreathtakingsightsofSouthAmerica.Considerpickingup“TheGreatGatsby”ifyou’regoingtoTheHamptonsinNewYork.Althoughthe“WestEgg”and“EastEgg”intheclassicnovelmoregreatlyresembletheGreat-NeckandPort-Washingtonpeninsulas(半島)onLongIsland,F.ScottFitzgeraldisbelievedtohavebeeninspiredbytheHamptonswhencraftingthisbook.SetintheJazzAge,thebook’sdecadence,hotsummers,andlongingforpastloversmakeitagreatcompanionforpoolhopping,charcuterieeating,andluxuryshoppinginTheHamptons.Asyou’retravellingaroundAmsterdam,read“TheFaultinOurStars”.Previouslyadaptedintoafilmin2014,JohnGreen’sstoryofstar-crossedteenagersfamouslyincludesatriptoAmsterdam.TheAnneFrankHouseandTheRijksmuseumaretwoofmanymajordestinationsmentionedinthebook.Plus,thebenchfromthefilmadaptationofthisnovelhaseverbecomeitsowntouristspot.21.Ifyouareintoparallelexistenceandyouarefullofimagination,whichbookwouldyouliketopickup?A.TheFaultinOurStars. B.OneHundredYearsofSolitude.C.1Q84. D.TheGreatGatsby.22.WhichoneofthefollowingsisNOTtrue?A.GenerationsoftheBuentiafamilyliveintheirSouth-Americantown.B.OneHundredYearsofSolitudeisabookmainlyaboutsightsofSouthAmerica.C.“WestEgg”and“EastEgg”arebothplacenames.D.TheGreatGatsbyiswrittenbyF.ScottFitzgerald.23.Anexcerptfromthebook:Onemightmarvelattheinsanity(瘋狂)ofthesituation:Amothersendsher16-year-olddaughteralonewitha17-yearoldboyoutintoaforeigncity.Accordingtotheintroductionmentionedabove,whichcityisprobablythisforeigncity?A.Tokyo. B.NewYork. C.Amsterdam. D.SaoPaulo.【答案】21.C22.B23.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了四本前往旅行目的地時可以閱讀的文學(xué)作品?！?1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“FamedJapaneseauthorHarukiMurakamicreatesanalternate1984called1Q84wherenothingfeelsrightandeverythingisslightlydifferent.SetinTokyo,Japan,thisdystopian,mystery-filledfantasynovelissuretokeepyourcaptivatedduringyourtrip.(日本著名作家村上春樹創(chuàng)造了另一個1984，名為1Q84，在那里一切都感覺不對勁，一切都略有不同。以日本東京為背景，這本反烏托邦、充滿神秘的奇幻小說一定會讓你在旅途中著迷)”可知，《1Q84》這本書涉及平行存在，充滿神秘，因此適合對平行存在感興趣、充滿想象力的讀者。故選C項。【22題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Asignificantworkofliterature,GabrielGarciaMarquez’sclassicfollowsgenerationsoftheBuendiafamilyastheyliveintheirSouth-Americantown.(作為一部重要的文學(xué)作品，加布里埃爾·加西亞·馬爾克斯的經(jīng)典作品講述了布恩迪亞家族幾代人在南美小鎮(zhèn)上的生活)”和第三段中“Althoughthe“WestEgg”and“EastEgg”intheclassicnovelmoregreatlyresembletheGreat-NeckandPort-Washingtonpeninsulas(半島)onLongIsland,F.ScottFitzgeraldisbelievedtohavebeeninspiredbytheHamptonswhencraftingthisbook.(雖然經(jīng)典小說中的“WestEgg”和“EastEgg”更像長島的大頸和華盛頓港半島，但人們認(rèn)為，弗·斯科特·菲茨杰拉德在創(chuàng)作這本書時受到了漢普頓斯的啟發(fā))”可知，布恩迪亞家族家族幾代人都住在他們的南美小鎮(zhèn)上，“WestEgg”和“EastEgg”都是地名，《了不起的蓋茨比》是弗·斯科特·菲茨杰拉德寫的，A、C、D與文意相符。根據(jù)第二段中“GarciaMarquez’smagicalrealismpairedwithhislushdescriptionsmakesthebookaperfectreadforvisitingsomeofthebreathtakingsightsofSouthAmerica.(加西亞·馬爾克斯的魔幻現(xiàn)實主義與他豐富的描寫相結(jié)合，使這本書成為參觀南美洲一些令人驚嘆的景點的完美讀物)”可知，B項“《百年孤獨》是一本主要描寫南美洲風(fēng)景的書”與文意不符。故選B項?！?3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Previouslyadaptedintoafilmin2014,JohnGreen’sstoryofstar-crossedteenagersfamouslyincludesatriptoAmsterdam.(約翰·格林的故事曾于2014年被改編成電影，講述了一群命運多舛的青少年，其中有一段著名的阿姆斯特丹之旅)”可知，《無比美妙的痛苦》這本書中包含青少年前往阿姆斯特丹的故事，再結(jié)合題干中“有人可能會對這種瘋狂的情況感到驚訝：一位母親把她16歲的女兒和一個17歲的男孩單獨送到一個外國城市”的摘要可知，該摘要出自《無比美妙的痛苦》這本書，這座外國城市是阿姆斯特丹。故選C項。BSoonafterItookmystepsintoaresearchlabasafirst-yearcollegestudent,thingswentwrong.Ileftalltheenzymes(酶)atroomtemperatureovernight,insteadofputtingtheminthefreezer.Thiscouldhavestoppedmefromperformingexperimentsonmyown,butmymentor(導(dǎo)師)Sauria,whowasapostdoc,didn’tshowangerordisappointmentafterIruinedallthenewlyorderedsubstances.IwentontoworkwithSauriaformoreyearsandhesetmeupforsuccessinscience.Fromthestart,SauriashowedaleveloftrustinmyexperimentalskillsthatIdidnotalwaysthinkIdeserved.EvenwhenIused10,000timesmoreofanexpensivereagent(試劑)thanIshouldhave,Sauriadidn’trollhiseyes.Instead,heguidedmethroughhowthereagentworks,makingitateachablemoment.Healsotoldmestoriesofhisownmistakes,helpingmegainlessonsfromthesituationanddobetter.Afterafewmonthsinthelab,SauriaandIstartedaprojecttogetherthatrequiredustowriteacomputerprogram.ThatwassomethingIhadexperiencein,anditfeltgreattoteachhim.Overtheyears,he’salwaysbeenopentoatwo-wayexchangeofinformation,whichhasledustodevelopmanysuccessfulprojects.Weevenpublishedapapertogether—justthetwoofus.Withtheseresults,myconfidenceincreasedgraduallyduringtheprocess.Lookingback,I’mthankfultomeetthementorwhodrilledintomeadesiretolearnandgavemefreedomtocontributemyownideas.Ihopeallmentorshavetheirowninnerexcitementaboutnewknowledgeandskillsandpassitontoothers,becauseundergraduateresearchersaren’tjustanextrapairofhandsinthelab—we’realsofuturescientistswhoneeddirectionandencouragement.24.Whatmistakedidtheauthormakeinhisfreshmanyear?A.Doingexperimentswrongly.B.Storingenzymesimproperly.C.Forgettingtofetchenzymes.D.Messingsubstancesinthelab.25.HowdidSauriarespondtomistakes?A.Hereflectedonthemregularly.B.Heconsideredthemanecessarypart.C.Hetalkedabouttheminpublic.D.Heturnedthemintolearningchances.26.Whatboostedtheauthor’sconfidence?A.Programmingcapabilities.B.TherecognitionfromSauria.C.Cooperativeachievements.D.Theexchangeofknowledge.27.Whatdoestheauthorthinkmentorsshoulddo?A.Shapethemindsofscientists.B.Fireothers’passionforlearning.C.Keepsharingnewknowledge.D.Encouragefreedomofexpression.【答案】24.B25.D26.C27.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者在大學(xué)期間與導(dǎo)師Sauria的合作經(jīng)歷，以及這段經(jīng)歷對作者在科學(xué)研究和個人成長方面的積極影響，同時表達(dá)了作者對導(dǎo)師的感激之情和對未來導(dǎo)師的期望?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Ileftalltheenzymes(酶)atroomtemperatureovernight,insteadofputtingtheminthefreezer.(我把所有的酶在室溫下放置了一整晚，而沒有把它們放進(jìn)冰箱冷凍室。)”可知，作者在大學(xué)一年級時犯的錯誤是將酶存放在了室溫下，而不是存放在冰箱里，即儲存不當(dāng)。故選B項。【25題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Instead,heguidedmethroughhowthereagentworks,makingitateachablemoment.Healsotoldmestoriesofhisownmistakes,helpingmegainlessonsfromthesituationanddobetter.(相反，他向我講解了這種試劑的工作原理，讓這成為了一個傳授知識的時刻。他還講述了自己犯過的錯誤，幫助我從這些經(jīng)歷中吸取教訓(xùn)，做得更好。)”可知，Sauria將錯誤轉(zhuǎn)化為學(xué)習(xí)的機(jī)會，通過引導(dǎo)作者了解試劑的工作原理和分享自己的錯誤經(jīng)歷來幫助作者學(xué)習(xí)和成長。故選D項?！?6題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Weevenpublishedapapertogether—justthetwoofus.Withtheseresults,myconfidenceincreasedgraduallyduringtheprocess.(我們甚至一起發(fā)表了一篇論文——就我們兩個人。有了這些成果，在這個過程中我的信心逐漸增強(qiáng)。)”可知，作者與Sauria的合作成果，包括共同發(fā)表的論文，增強(qiáng)了作者的信心。故選C項?！?7題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Ihopeallmentorshavetheirowninnerexcitementaboutnewknowledgeandskillsandpassitontoothers,becauseundergraduateresearchersaren’tjustanextrapairofhandsinthelab—we’realsofuturescientistswhoneeddirectionandencouragement.(我希望所有導(dǎo)師都能對新知識和技能懷有內(nèi)心的熱情，并將其傳遞給他人，因為本科研究員不僅僅是實驗室里多出來的一雙手——我們也是需要指導(dǎo)和鼓勵的未來科學(xué)家。)”可知，作者認(rèn)為導(dǎo)師應(yīng)該激發(fā)他人對學(xué)習(xí)的熱情，將他們對新知識和技能的熱情傳遞給學(xué)生，給予他們指導(dǎo)和鼓勵。故選B項。CAxolotls(蠑螈),aspeciesnativetoMexico,possessaremarkableabilitytoregeneratelostlimbs,organs,andevenspinalcord(脊髓)tissuewithinweeks.ApioneeringstudypublishedinNatureCommunicationshasdecodedthisbiologicalwonder,offeringpotentialpathwaysforhumanregenerativemedicine.LedbybiologistJamesMonaghan,ateamofresearchersgeneticallyengineeredaxolotlstoglowinthedark,enablingprecisetrackingoftheirregeneration.Theirinvestigationidentifiedretinoicacid—avitaminAderivative(衍生物)commoninskincare—asthekeydriveroflimbregrowth.Thismoleculeactsasablueprint,ensuringcorrectlimbregrowth(e.g.,ahandinsteadofanentirearm).DevelopmentalbiologistCatherineMcCuskerhighlightedalong-standingpuzzle:“Howdoesregeneratingtissueknowexactlywhattorebuild?”Toanswerthisquestion,Monaghan’steamtestedtheeffectsofvaryingretinoicacid(視黃酸)concentrationsonamputated(切斷的)axolotllimbs.Experimentsrevealeddistinctretinoicacidgradientsalonglimbs:higherconcentrationsnearshoulderstriggeredcompletelimbregeneration,whilelowerconcentrationsnearhands/feetresultedonlyinfingerortoeregrowth.Theenzyme(酶)CYP26B1regulatesthisgradientbybreakingdownexcessretinoicacid,controllingitsdistribution.Moreover,agenecalledShox—targetedbyretinoicacid—isessentialtothisprocess,accordingtothestudy.Humanssharethesebiologicalcomponents:retinoicacidpathwaysandtheShoxgene.“Wehavethemachinery—wejustneedtoactivateit,”Monaghanstated,imaginingfuturemedicalpatchesthatcouldreprogramhumancellstoregeneratelimbsratherthanformscars.Whileclinicalapplicationsremainyearsaway,thisresearchprovidesfoundationalknowledge.McCuskeremphasized:“Investmentinbasicscienceiscrucial.Understandingaxolotlsbringsusclosertosolvinghumanregenerationchallenges.”Thestudyclarifiesnature’srepairmanual,potentiallytransformingtraumatreatment.28.Whathumanmedicalfieldcouldbenefitfromaxolotlresearch?A.Immediatespinalinjurytreatment.B.Newvitamin-basedskincareproducts.C.Advancedwoundhealingtechnology.D.Glowinganimalgeneticengineering.29.Whatcontrolswhetherafullarmorjustfingersgrowback?A.Wherethebodypartiscut.B.Thelevelofachemicalattheinjurysite.C.Howactiveakeygeneis.D.Thetimetakentobreakdownanenzyme.30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“machinery”inparagraph4referto?A.Toolsforgeneticmodification.B.Naturalbodypartsforregrowth.C.Processesoflimbregeneration.D.Technologyformedicalpatches.31.WhydoestheauthorincludeMcCusker’semphasison“investmentinbasicscience”?A.Toadvertisepotentialclinicalapplications.B.Tourgeimmediatefundingformedicaltrials.C.Toaddressdifficultiesinpracticaltreatments.D.Tostressthefoundationalvalueoftheresearch.【答案】28.C29.B30.B31.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇科普說明文。文章介紹了科學(xué)家通過基因工程蠑螈研究發(fā)現(xiàn)視黃酸調(diào)控肢體再生的關(guān)鍵機(jī)制（包括濃度梯度與CYP26B1酶、Shox基因的協(xié)同作用），揭示了其作為“再生藍(lán)圖”的生物學(xué)原理，為人類再生醫(yī)學(xué)提供了潛在激活路徑?！?8題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“ApioneeringstudypublishedinNatureCommunicationshasdecodedthisbiologicalwonder,offeringpotentialpathwaysforhumanregenerativemedicine.(發(fā)表在《自然·通訊》上的一項開創(chuàng)性研究解讀了這一生物奇跡，為人類再生醫(yī)學(xué)提供了潛在途徑。)”以及最后一段中的“Thestudyclarifiesnature’srepairmanual,potentiallytransformingtraumatreatment.(這項研究闡明了自然界的修復(fù)手冊，可能會改變創(chuàng)傷治療。)”可知，通過解析自然界的修復(fù)原理，科學(xué)家未來可開發(fā)出能激活人體再生潛能的醫(yī)療技術(shù)，使傷口愈合從疤痕修復(fù)轉(zhuǎn)向功能性組織再生，從而革新創(chuàng)傷治療方式。故選C項?！?9題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Experimentsrevealeddistinctretinoicacidgradientsalonglimbs:higherconcentrationsnearshoulderstriggeredcompletelimbregeneration,whilelowerconcentrationsnearhands/feetresultedonlyinfingerortoeregrowth.(實驗顯示，沿肢體存在明顯的視黃酸梯度：肩部附近較高的濃度會觸發(fā)完整的肢體再生，而手/腳附近較低的濃度只會導(dǎo)致手指或腳趾再生。)”可知，受傷部位的化學(xué)物質(zhì)（視黃酸）水平?jīng)Q定了是再生完整的手臂還是僅僅是手指。故選B項?！?0題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Humanssharethesebiologicalcomponents:retinoicacidpathwaysandtheShoxgene.“Wehavethemachinery—wejustneedtoactivateit,”Monaghanstated,imaginingfuturemedicalpatchesthatcouldreprogramhumancellstoregeneratelimbsratherthanformscars.(人類擁有這些共同的生物組成部分：視黃酸通路和Shox基因。“我們具備這樣的machinery——只是需要激活它，”莫納漢說道，他構(gòu)想未來會出現(xiàn)一種醫(yī)療貼片，能夠重新編程人類細(xì)胞，使其再生肢體而非形成疤痕。)”可知，人類與蠑螈共享這些生物組件，Monaghan用machinery比喻人體已具備再生潛能的基礎(chǔ)，只是尚未被激活，因此，其正確指代為“用于再生的天然身體部件”。故選B項?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“McCuskeremphasized:“Investmentinbasicscienceiscrucial.Understandingaxolotlsbringsusclosertosolvinghumanregenerationchallenges.”Thestudyclarifiesnature’srepairmanual,potentiallytransformingtraumatreatment.(麥卡斯克強(qiáng)調(diào)：“對基礎(chǔ)科學(xué)的投資至關(guān)重要。了解蠑螈使我們更接近解決人類再生的挑戰(zhàn)。”這項研究闡明了自然界的修復(fù)手冊，可能會改變創(chuàng)傷治療。)”可知，作者引用麥卡斯克對“基礎(chǔ)科學(xué)投資”的強(qiáng)調(diào)是為了突出這項研究的基礎(chǔ)價值。故選D項。DAgroupofgiraffesmoveselegantlyacrossawide-openKenyanplain.Theirlongnecksstretchhigh,swinginggentlywitheachgracefulstep.Thesunbathesthelandscapeinagoldencolour,castinglongshadowsoverthegrass.Inthedistance,thesnow-cappedMountKilimanjarorisesgrandlyagainstthesky.Whathasledtogiraffes’extraordinaryshape?AccordingtoCharlesDarwin,theneckof1.8mbenefitsthembyallowingthemtoout-reachshorter-neckedcompetitorstofeedongreenleavesintalltrees;ithasbecomeaclassicexampleofevolutionary(進(jìn)化)theory.ButtheresearchfromEastAfricashowedthattallgiraffesfrequentlyfeedfromlow-growingbushesandeatfasterandmoreregularlyatlowheights.ThisisasurpriseforDarwin’sfeedingcompetitionidea.Giraffesinvestalotinneckgrowth.Malescontinuetogrowtheirnecksintooldage(about28),wellpastthetimefemalesstop(aroundtheageof8).Atlast,maleshavelongandstrongnecks,whichtheyusetoshowoffbeforefemalesaswellasfightagainstenemies.Itseemsthattheirnecksaremorenotablyusedasweaponsthanforfeeding.Istheneckaresultofevolution?Theanswershoulddatebacktotheirancestors.In2022,agroupofexpertsledbyaChinesebiologistuncoveredoneofthesmallestknowngiraffefossils.Thisancientanimal,standingabout1.2mtall,showedashortbutstrengthenedneckandahornedhead.Thatwastheearliestknownshapeofgiraffeseverfound.Theylivedsome16.9millionyearsago!Today’sgiraffesaremuchlarger,withneckslongerandhornsdramaticallyreduced.Withtheneckstheycannotonlyeathigherandlower,spotdangerearlier,butfightwithmorepower.Theseallcontributetotheirsurvival.Darwinisright.Watchingthegiraffesgracefullywanderacrosstheplain,Iamonceagaininaweofthenaturalbeautyshapedbythepowerofnaturalselection.32.WhatisthepurposeofmentioningtheresearchfromEastAfrica?A.Todoubtanestablishedtheory. B.Toofferanadditionalexample.C.Toadvocateforcommonsense. D.Tosupportaquestionedbelief.33.Whatdoestheauthoraimtostressaboutgiraffes’neckgrowinginparagraph3?A.Theadvantageofthemales. B.Theimportanceforsurvival.C.Therelationwiththeirages. D.Thedifferencebetweengenders.34.Whatisnowtheauthor’sattitudetowardsDarwin’stheory?A.Heiswellconvinced. B.Heisdisapproving.C.Heismoretolerant. D.Heisstillcautious.35.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.AnExceptiontoDarwin’sTheory.B.GiraffesandTheirNeckCompetition.C.TheProblemofGiraffeEvolution.D.Nature’sPerfectDesignforGiraffes.【答案】32.A33.B34.A35.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹長頸鹿頸部進(jìn)化之謎，探討其頸部增長與生存策略、性別差異之間的關(guān)系，以及達(dá)爾文進(jìn)化論在此中的體現(xiàn)與挑戰(zhàn)。【32題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“AccordingtoCharlesDarwin,theneckof1.8mbenefitsthembyallowingthemtoout-reachshorter-neckedcompetitorstofeedongreenleavesintalltrees;ithasbecomeaclassicexampleofevolutionary(進(jìn)化)theory.ButtheresearchfromEastAfricashowedthattallgiraffesfrequentlyfeedfromlow-growingbushesandeatfasterandmoreregularlyatlowheights.ThisisasurpriseforDarwin’sfeedingcompetitionidea.(根據(jù)查爾斯·達(dá)爾文的觀點，1.8米長的脖子讓長頸鹿在覓食高樹綠葉時比短脖子的競爭者更有優(yōu)勢；這已成為進(jìn)化論的一個經(jīng)典例證。但東非的研究顯示，高大的長頸鹿經(jīng)常從低矮灌木中覓食，而且在低處進(jìn)食更快、更頻繁。這對于達(dá)爾文的覓食競爭理論來說是一個意外。)”可知，東非的研究結(jié)果顯示，高大的長頸鹿經(jīng)常從矮灌木上覓食，并且在低高度吃得更快、更頻繁，這與達(dá)爾文的進(jìn)食競爭理論相矛盾。因此，提到東非的研究是為了質(zhì)疑已建立的理論。故選A項?！?3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Giraffesinvestalotinneckgrowth.Malescontinuetogrowtheirnecksintooldage(about28),wellpastthetimefemalesstop(aroundtheageof8).Atlast,maleshavelongandstrongnecks,whichtheyusetoshowoffbeforefemalesaswellasfightagainstenemies.Itseemsthattheirnecksaremorenotablyusedasweaponsthanforfeeding.(長頸鹿在頸部生長上投入很多。雄性持續(xù)生長頸部直至老年（約28歲），遠(yuǎn)超雌性停止生長的時間（約8歲）。最后，雄性擁有長而強(qiáng)壯的頸部，它們用頸部在雌性面前展示，并與敵人戰(zhàn)斗。似乎它們的頸部更多是用作武器，而非用來進(jìn)食。)”可知，長頸鹿在脖子的生長上投入了很多，雄性長頸鹿的脖子不僅長而且強(qiáng)壯，它們用脖子在雌性面前炫耀以及對抗敵人。這表明，長脖子對長頸鹿的生存非常重要。因此，作者在第三段中強(qiáng)調(diào)了長脖子對長頸鹿生存的重要性。故選B項。【34題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Withtheneckstheycannotonlyeathigherandlower,spotdangerearlier,butfightwithmorepower.Theseallcontributetotheirsurvival.Darwinisright.Watchingthegiraffesgracefullywanderacrosstheplain,Iamonceagaininaweofthenaturalbeautyshapedbythepowerofnaturalselection.(有了長頸，它們不僅能吃到更高和更低處的食物，還能更早發(fā)現(xiàn)危險，并且更有力量戰(zhàn)斗。這些全都有助于它們的生存。達(dá)爾文是對的。看著長頸鹿優(yōu)雅地漫步在平原上，我再次對自然選擇塑造的自然之美感到敬畏。)”可知，長脖子使長頸鹿能夠吃更高和更低的食物，更早發(fā)現(xiàn)危險，并且以更大的力量戰(zhàn)斗，這些都有助于它們的生存。作者認(rèn)為達(dá)爾文是對的，并對自然選擇塑造的自然之美感到敬畏。因此，作者對達(dá)爾文理論的態(tài)度是完全信服的。故選A項。【35題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Agroupofgiraffesmoveselegantlyacrossawide-openKenyanplain.Theirlongnecksstretchhigh,swinginggentlywitheachgracefulstep.Thesunbathesthelandscapeinagoldencolour,castinglongshadowsoverthegrass.Inthedistance,thesnow-cappedMountKilimanjarorisesgrandlyagainstthesky.(一群長頸鹿優(yōu)雅地行進(jìn)在開闊的肯尼亞平原上。它們的長脖子高高伸起，隨著每一步優(yōu)雅的步伐輕輕擺動。陽光給這片風(fēng)景鍍上一層金色，在草地上投下長長的影子。遠(yuǎn)處，戴著雪冠的乞力馬扎羅山在天空下雄偉地聳立著。)”、第二段“AccordingtoCharlesDarwin,theneckof1.8mbenefitsthembyallowingthemtoout-reachshorter-neckedcompetitorstofeedongreenleavesintalltrees;ithasbecomeaclassicexampleofevolutionary(進(jìn)化)theory.ButtheresearchfromEastAfricashowedthattallgiraffesfrequentlyfeedfromlow-growingbushesandeatfasterandmoreregularlyatlowheights.ThisisasurpriseforDarwin’sfeedingcompetitionidea.(根據(jù)查爾斯·達(dá)爾文的觀點，1.8米長的脖子讓長頸鹿在覓食高樹綠葉時比短脖子的競爭者更有優(yōu)勢；這已成為進(jìn)化論的一個經(jīng)典例證。但東非的研究顯示，高大的長頸鹿經(jīng)常從低矮灌木中覓食，而且在低處進(jìn)食更快、更頻繁。這對于達(dá)爾文的覓食競爭理論來說是一個意外。)”以及最后一段“Withtheneckstheycannotonlyeathigherandlower,spotdangerearlier,butfightwithmorepower.Theseallcontributetotheirsurvival.Darwinisright.Watchingthegiraffesgracefullywanderacrosstheplain,Iamonceagaininaweofthenaturalbeautyshapedbythepowerofnaturalselection.(有了長頸，它們不僅能吃到更高和更低處的食物，還能更早發(fā)現(xiàn)危險，并且更有力量戰(zhàn)斗。這些全都有助于它們的生存。達(dá)爾文是對的?？粗L頸鹿優(yōu)雅地漫步在平原上，我再次對自然選擇塑造的自然之美感到敬畏。)”可知，本文主要介紹了長頸鹿的長脖子是如何形成的，以及長脖子對長頸鹿生存的貢獻(xiàn)。文章提到了達(dá)爾文的進(jìn)化理論，并通過東非的研究結(jié)果和長頸鹿祖先的化石發(fā)現(xiàn)，進(jìn)一步探討了長脖子的進(jìn)化過程。所以D項Nature’sPerfectDesignforGiraffes(自然對長頸鹿的完美設(shè)計)表達(dá)的含義與本文主旨相符，適合用作本文標(biāo)題。故選D項。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。TheRiseof“China-chic”O(jiān)verpastyears,guochao,or“China-chic”hasbeengainingpopularityamongChineseconsumers.GuochaoconveystheculturalheritageandvaluesofChina.___36___.“China-chic”isrising,butwhatisit?Theideaofguochaowasfirstborrowedfromsomeinternationalbrands,andbegantowinoverChineseconsumersin2015.___37___.In2018,ChinesesportswearbrandLi-NingpresenteditsWuDao(theprinciplesofTaoism)collectionattheNewYorkFashionWeek.ItfeaturedbrightredcolorandChinesecharacters.Morebrandshavesincefollowed,heralding(預(yù)示)theearlyperiodofguochao.___38___.Thiswasaperiodwhenapplicationsofbigdata,cloudcomputing,theInternetof