2025年托?？荚噷?xiě)作高分預(yù)測(cè)試卷：詞匯積累與寫(xiě)作能力提升考試時(shí)間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______一、詞匯辨析要求：仔細(xì)閱讀每道題，從四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出與劃線(xiàn)詞匯意思最相近的一項(xiàng)，并填入答題卡相應(yīng)位置。這部分主要考察你對(duì)詞匯的精準(zhǔn)理解和運(yùn)用能力，就像咱們平時(shí)玩“你畫(huà)我猜”游戲一樣，只不過(guò)這次是用文字來(lái)猜意思。記得，托福考試中的詞匯辨析題往往不是簡(jiǎn)單的同義詞替換，而是要抓住核心語(yǔ)義，這樣才能在千變?nèi)f化的題目中游刃有余。1.Thelocalgovernmentimplementedaseriesofmeasuresto______therapidspreadofthevirus.A)exacerbateB)mitigateC)postponeD)intensify2.Despitehisinitialreluctance,shemanagedto______himintojoiningthevolunteerteam.A)discourageB)dissuadeC)enticeD)endorse3.Thenovel'scomplexnarrativestructurerequiredreadersto______multipletimelinestofollowthestory.A)juggleB)reconcileC)comprehendD)overlook4.His______attitudetowardworkoftenledtomisseddeadlinesandfrustratedcolleagues.A)conscientiousB)negligentC)enthusiasticD)meticulous5.Thearchaeologist'sfindings______thelong-standingtheoriesaboutthecivilization'sdecline.A)corroboratedB)contradictedC)complementedD)confirmed6.Thecompany'sdecisionto______itsmainofficetoamorecentrallocationwasmetwithmixedreactions.A)relocateB)renovateC)liquidateD)relocate7.Thepolitician'sspeechwasamasterful______ofemotionalappealsandlogicalarguments.A)amalgamationB)juxtapositionC)synthesisD)juxtaposition8.Theartist's______style,characterizedbyboldcolorsandabstractforms,challengedtraditionalartnorms.A)conventionalB)avant-gardeC)nostalgicD)realistic9.Thestudy'sfindings______thatregularphysicalactivitysignificantlyimprovedmentalhealth.A)indicatedB)contradictedC)validatedD)contested10.Theoldphotographprovideda______glimpseintothefamily'slifeduringthewar.A)fleetingB)profoundC)ephemeralD)nostalgic二、句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析要求：下面的句子中各包含一個(gè)劃線(xiàn)部分，這些劃線(xiàn)部分可能是完整的句子、句子的一部分或不完整的句子。你需要判斷每個(gè)劃線(xiàn)部分在句子中充當(dāng)什么成分，比如主語(yǔ)、謂語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)等等。這部分就像是在解謎，你需要仔細(xì)分析句子的結(jié)構(gòu)，才能找出劃線(xiàn)部分的作用。記住，托?？荚囍械木渥咏Y(jié)構(gòu)分析題往往比較復(fù)雜，需要你具備扎實(shí)的語(yǔ)法基礎(chǔ)和敏銳的觀察力。1.HavingstudiedFrenchforfiveyears,shewasconfidentenoughtoliveinParisforamonth.劃線(xiàn)部分：HavingstudiedFrenchforfiveyears2.Theoldhouse,whichwasbuiltinthe18thcentury,stillstandsproudlyinthevillage.劃線(xiàn)部分：whichwasbuiltinthe18thcentury3.IfIhadknownyouwerecoming,Iwouldhavebakedacake.劃線(xiàn)部分：IfIhadknownyouwerecoming4.Thebookthattheprofessorrecommendedisonthetopshelf.劃線(xiàn)部分：thattheprofessorrecommended5.Althoughthetaskwasdifficult,theymanagedtocompleteitontime.劃線(xiàn)部分：Althoughthetaskwasdifficult6.Themanwholivesnextdoorisafamouswriter.劃線(xiàn)部分：wholivesnextdoor7.Havingfinishedherhomework,thegirlwenttowatchherfavoriteTVshow.劃線(xiàn)部分：Havingfinishedherhomework8.Thedogthatbarkedloudlyallnightfinallystoppedwhenthemailcarrierarrived.劃線(xiàn)部分：thatbarkedloudlyallnight9.Ifyouhadstudiedharder,youwouldhavepassedtheexam.劃線(xiàn)部分：Ifyouhadstudiedharder10.Thewomanwhowontheawardisknownforherinnovativeresearch.劃線(xiàn)部分：whowontheaward三、閱讀理解要求：這部分就像咱們平時(shí)看文章做總結(jié)一樣，只不過(guò)這次是英文文章。你需要仔細(xì)閱讀下面的文章，然后根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容回答后面的問(wèn)題。這些問(wèn)題可能是關(guān)于文章主旨的，也可能是關(guān)于某個(gè)具體細(xì)節(jié)的。記住，托?？荚囍械拈喿x理解題往往不是簡(jiǎn)單的復(fù)述文章內(nèi)容，而是要你理解文章的深層含義，這樣才能在考試中取得好成績(jī)。咱們得像偵探一樣，從文章的字里行間找出線(xiàn)索，才能得出正確的答案。1.Thedeclineofbeepopulationshasraisedconcernsamongscientistsandenvironmentalists.Beesarecrucialpollinatorsformanycrops,andtheirdisappearancecouldhavesevereconsequencesforglobalfoodsecurity.Severalfactorscontributetothisdecline,includinghabitatloss,pesticideuse,andclimatechange.Researchersareworkingonvarioussolutions,suchascreatingprotectedhabitatsanddevelopingbee-friendlyagriculturalpractices.Despitetheseefforts,thesituationremainsworrying,andmoreneedstobedonetoensurethesurvivalofthesevitalinsects.問(wèn)題：a)Whatisthemainconcernregardingthedeclineofbeepopulations?b)Accordingtothepassage,whatarethethreemainfactorscontributingtothedeclineofbees?c)Whatsolutionsarebeingproposedtoaddresstheissueofbeepopulationdecline?d)Whatdoesthepassagesuggestaboutthefutureofbeepopulationsifcurrenteffortsarenotincreased?2.Theriseofrenewableenergysourceshasbeenasignificanttrendinrecentyears.Solarandwindenergy,inparticular,havegainedpopularityduetotheirenvironmentalbenefitsanddecreasingcosts.Governmentsaroundtheworldareimplementingpoliciestoencouragetheadoptionofrenewableenergy.Forinstance,somecountriesoffersubsidiestohomeownerswhoinstallsolarpanelsontheirroofs.Whilerenewableenergysourcesarepromising,theystillfacechallenges,suchasstorageandintegrationintoexistingpowergrids.Despitethesechallenges,thetransitiontocleanerenergyisseenasessentialforcombatingclimatechange.問(wèn)題：a)Whathasbeenasignificanttrendinrecentyearsaccordingtothepassage?b)Accordingtothepassage,whatarethetwomainrenewableenergysourcesmentioned?c)Whatpoliciesaresomegovernmentsimplementingtoencouragetheadoptionofrenewableenergy?d)Whatchallengesdorenewableenergysourcesstillface?3.Theimpactofsocialmediaonsocietyhasbeenatopicofmuchdebate.Ononehand,socialmediahasmadeiteasierforpeopletoconnectwithothersandshareinformation.Ontheotherhand,ithasalsoledtoissuessuchascyberbullyingandthespreadofmisinformation.Researchershavebeenstudyingtheeffectsofsocialmediaonmentalhealth,withsomefindingssuggestingthatexcessiveusecanleadtoincreasedanxietyanddepression.Tomitigatethesenegativeeffects,expertsrecommendsettinglimitsonsocialmediauseandbeingmoremindfulofthecontentconsumed.Despitethepotentialdrawbacks,socialmediaremainsapowerfultoolthatcontinuestoshapeourlivesinmanyways.問(wèn)題：a)Whathasbeenatopicofmuchdebateaccordingtothepassage?b)Accordingtothepassage,whatarethetwomainaspectsofsocialmedia'simpactonsociety?c)Whathaveresearchersfoundregardingtheeffectsofsocialmediaonmentalhealth?d)Whatrecommendationsdoexpertshavetomitigatethenegativeeffectsofsocialmedia?四、聽(tīng)力理解要求：這部分就像咱們平時(shí)聽(tīng)講座做筆記一樣，只不過(guò)這次是英文講座。你需要仔細(xì)聽(tīng)下面的講座，然后根據(jù)講座內(nèi)容回答后面的問(wèn)題。這些問(wèn)題可能是關(guān)于講座主旨的，也可能是關(guān)于某個(gè)具體細(xì)節(jié)的。記住，托?？荚囍械穆?tīng)力理解題往往不是簡(jiǎn)單的復(fù)述講座內(nèi)容，而是要你理解講座的深層含義，這樣才能在考試中取得好成績(jī)。咱們得像學(xué)生一樣，認(rèn)真聽(tīng)講，做好筆記，才能在考試中游刃有余。1.LectureonthehistoryoftheOlympicGames:TheOlympicGameshavealongandrichhistorythatdatesbacktoancientGreece.ThefirstOlympicGameswereheldin776BCinOlympia,Greece.ThegameswereareligiousfestivaldedicatedtothegodZeus.Athletesfromvariouscity-statescompetedineventssuchasrunning,wrestling,andchariotracing.Thewinnerswereconsideredheroesandwereoftenrewardedwitholivewreaths.TheancientOlympicGamescontinuedfornearly12centuriesuntiltheywereabolishedin393ADbytheRomanEmperorTheodosiusI.ThemodernOlympicGameswererevivedin1896byaFrenchmannamedPierredeCoubertin.Themoderngamesincludebothsummerandwintersportsandareheldeveryfouryears.TheOlympicGameshavebecomeasymbolofinternationalpeaceandcooperation.問(wèn)題：a)WhenandwherewerethefirstOlympicGamesheld?b)WhatweretheancientOlympicGamesdedicatedto?c)WhatweresomeoftheeventsintheancientOlympicGames?d)WhorevivedthemodernOlympicGamesandwhenweretheyfirstheld?2.Lectureontheimportanceofsleep:Sleepisacriticalcomponentofhumanhealthandwell-being.Duringsleep,thebodyrepairsitselfandthebrainconsolidatesmemories.Mostadultsneedabout7-9hoursofsleeppernight.However,manypeopledonotgetenoughsleepduetovariousfactorssuchasworkschedules,stress,andtechnologyuse.Lackofsleepcanleadtoavarietyofhealthproblems,includingobesity,diabetes,andheartdisease.Itcanalsoaffectmentalhealth,leadingtoincreasedanxietyanddepression.Toimprovesleepquality,expertsrecommendcreatingasleep-friendlyenvironment,maintainingaregularsleepschedule,andavoidingcaffeineandelectronicsbeforebed.Gettingenoughsleepisessentialforoverallhealthandshouldnotbetakenlightly.問(wèn)題：a)Whatistheimportanceofsleepaccordingtothelecture?b)Howmanyhoursofsleepdomostadultsneedpernight?c)Whataresomefactorsthatcanaffectsleepquality?d)Whatrecommendationsdoesthelecturegiveforimprovingsleepquality?3.Lectureontheimpactofclimatechangeonpolarbears:Climatechangeishavingasignificantimpactonpolarbears,whicharenativetotheArctic.AstheArcticicemeltsduetorisingtemperatures,polarbearsarelosingtheirprimaryhabitatandfoodsource.Polarbearsrelyonseaicetohuntseals,theirmainfoodsource.Withlessice,polarbearshavetoswimlongerdistancesandareoftenlefthungry.Thiscanleadtomalnutritionandlowerreproductiverates.Additionally,polarbearsarefacingincreasedhuman-wildlifeconflictastheyventureintohumansettlementsinsearchoffood.Conservationeffortsareunderwaytoprotectpolarbears,butthesituationisdire.Ifclimatechangecontinuesatitscurrentrate,polarbearscouldfaceextinctioninthenearfuture.問(wèn)題：a)Whatisthemainimpactofclimatechangeonpolarbearsaccordingtothelecture?b)Whatistheprimaryfoodsourceforpolarbears?c)Whataresomeconsequencesofthemeltingseaiceforpolarbears?d)Whatconservationeffortsarebeingmadetoprotectpolarbears?五、寫(xiě)作要求：這部分就像咱們平時(shí)寫(xiě)文章一樣，只不過(guò)這次是英文寫(xiě)作。你需要根據(jù)給定的題目寫(xiě)一篇短文，表達(dá)自己的觀點(diǎn)和想法。寫(xiě)文章的時(shí)候，要注意文章的結(jié)構(gòu)，比如開(kāi)頭、中間和結(jié)尾。開(kāi)頭要簡(jiǎn)單介紹主題，中間要詳細(xì)闡述自己的觀點(diǎn)，結(jié)尾要總結(jié)全文。記住，托?？荚囍械膶?xiě)作題不是簡(jiǎn)單的句子堆砌，而是要你清晰地表達(dá)自己的觀點(diǎn)，并給出合理的理由和例子。咱們得像作家一樣，用流暢的語(yǔ)言和合理的邏輯，寫(xiě)出一篇令人印象深刻的文章。1.Somepeoplebelievethatgovernmentsshouldspendmoremoneyonimprovingroadsandhighwaysthanonpublictransportation.Othersbelievethatmoremoneyshouldbespentonpublictransportation.Whichviewdoyouagreewith?Usespecificreasonsandexamplestosupportyouranswer.2.Manystudentschoosetostudyabroadtoimprovetheirlanguageskillsandexperiencedifferentcultures.However,studyingabroadcanbeexpensiveandchallenging.Doyouthinkthebenefitsofstudyingabroadoutweighthedrawbacks?Usespecificreasonsandexamplestosupportyouranswer.3.Inmanycountries,traditionalfoodsarebeingreplacedbyfastfood.Somepeoplebelievethatthisisapositivetrend,whileothersbelievethatitisanegativetrend.Whichviewdoyouagreewith?Usespecificreasonsandexamplestosupportyouranswer.本次試卷答案如下一、詞匯辨析1.B)mitigate解析：劃線(xiàn)詞"implement"在此處意為“實(shí)施”，結(jié)合句意“地方政府實(shí)施了一系列措施來(lái)______病毒的快速傳播”，應(yīng)選“減輕”之意，故mitigate（減輕，緩解）最符合語(yǔ)境。exacerbate（加?。┡c句意相反；postpone（推遲）和intensify（加?。┒疾环险Z(yǔ)境。2.B)dissuade解析：劃線(xiàn)詞"managedto"后的賓語(yǔ)從句表明她成功地勸阻了他，故選"dissuade"（勸阻）。discourage（勸阻，使人沮喪）雖然也有勸阻之意，但通常指使人失去信心；entice（引誘）和endorse（支持）與句意不符。3.C)comprehend解析：劃線(xiàn)詞"required"表明讀者需要______多個(gè)時(shí)間線(xiàn)來(lái)跟隨故事，故選"comprehend"（理解）。juggle（uggling）意為“雜耍，應(yīng)付”；reconcile（調(diào)和，使和解）和overlook（忽略）都不符合語(yǔ)境。4.B)negligent解析：劃線(xiàn)詞"______attitude"描述了他對(duì)工作的態(tài)度，結(jié)合句意“他______的工作態(tài)度常常導(dǎo)致錯(cuò)過(guò)截止日期和同事的沮喪”，故選"negligent"（疏忽的，懶惰的）。conscientious（認(rèn)真的）與句意相反；enthusiastic（熱情的）和meticulous（一絲不茍的）都不符合語(yǔ)境。5.B)contradicted解析：劃線(xiàn)詞"______thelong-standingtheories"表明考古學(xué)家的發(fā)現(xiàn)與既有理論相悖，故選"contradicted"（反駁）。corroborated（證實(shí)）與句意相反；complemented（補(bǔ)充）和confirmed（確認(rèn)）都不符合語(yǔ)境。6.A)relocate解析：劃線(xiàn)詞"decisionto"后的賓語(yǔ)是"itsmainoffice"，結(jié)合句意“公司決定______其主要辦公室到一個(gè)更中心的位置”，故選"relocate"（搬遷）。renovate（翻新）和liquidate（清算）都不符合語(yǔ)境；relocate是repeat的拼寫(xiě)錯(cuò)誤，但根據(jù)語(yǔ)義應(yīng)選relocate。7.C)synthesis解析：劃線(xiàn)詞"masterful______ofemotionalappealsandlogicalarguments"表明演講是情感和邏輯的______，故選"synthesis"（綜合，合成）。amalgamation（合并）和juxtaposition（并列）都不符合語(yǔ)境；juxtaposition是repeat的拼寫(xiě)錯(cuò)誤，但根據(jù)語(yǔ)義應(yīng)選juxtaposition。8.B)avant-garde解析：劃線(xiàn)詞"______style,characterizedby"描述了藝術(shù)風(fēng)格的特點(diǎn)，結(jié)合句意“藝術(shù)家的______風(fēng)格，以大膽的色彩和抽象形式為特征，挑戰(zhàn)了傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)規(guī)范”，故選"avant-garde"（前衛(wèi)的，創(chuàng)新的）。conventional（傳統(tǒng)的）與句意相反；nostalgic（懷舊的）和realistic（現(xiàn)實(shí)的）都不符合語(yǔ)境。9.A)indicated解析：劃線(xiàn)詞"findings______that"表明研究結(jié)果表明了某事，故選"indicated"（表明）。contradicted（反駁）與句意相反；validated（證實(shí)）和contested（爭(zhēng)議）都不符合語(yǔ)境。10.D)nostalgic解析：劃線(xiàn)詞"provideda______glimpseinto"表明照片提供了對(duì)過(guò)去的______回憶，故選"nostalgic"（懷舊的）。fleeting（短暫的）和ephemeral（短暫的）強(qiáng)調(diào)短暫性，不符合語(yǔ)境；profound（深刻的）不適用于描述回憶。二、句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析1.劃線(xiàn)部分：HavingstudiedFrenchforfiveyears成分：狀語(yǔ)（現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)，修飾主句主語(yǔ)she，表示時(shí)間）解析：這個(gè)現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)相當(dāng)于一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，即“當(dāng)她在法語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)五年之后”，說(shuō)明她在學(xué)習(xí)法語(yǔ)五年之后才具備了足夠的信心，修飾了主句的主語(yǔ)she。2.劃線(xiàn)部分：whichwasbuiltinthe18thcentury成分：定語(yǔ)（非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞Theoldhouse）解析：這個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句由關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)，修飾先行詞Theoldhouse，提供關(guān)于房子的額外信息，即“這座老房子是在18世紀(jì)建造的”，which在從句中作wasbuilt的賓語(yǔ)。3.劃線(xiàn)部分：IfIhadknownyouwerecoming成分：狀語(yǔ)（條件狀語(yǔ)從句，修飾主句IfIwouldhavebakedacake）解析：這個(gè)條件狀語(yǔ)從句由If引導(dǎo)，表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的條件，即“如果我當(dāng)時(shí)知道你要來(lái)”，修飾了主句IfIwouldhavebakedacake，說(shuō)明主句發(fā)生的條件。4.劃線(xiàn)部分：thattheprofessorrecommended成分：定語(yǔ)（限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞Thebook）解析：這個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句由關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)，修飾先行詞Thebook，提供關(guān)于書(shū)的額外信息，即“教授推薦的那本書(shū)”，that在從句中作recommended的賓語(yǔ)。5.劃線(xiàn)部分：Althoughthetaskwasdifficult成分：狀語(yǔ)（讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，修飾主句theymanagedtocompleteitontime）解析：這個(gè)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句由Although引導(dǎo)，表示盡管任務(wù)很困難，但主句theymanagedtocompleteitontime說(shuō)明他們還是完成了任務(wù)，修飾了主句，表示讓步關(guān)系。6.劃線(xiàn)部分：wholivesnextdoor成分：定語(yǔ)（限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞Theman）解析：這個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句由關(guān)系代詞who引導(dǎo)，修飾先行詞Theman，提供關(guān)于這個(gè)男人的額外信息，即“住在隔壁的那個(gè)男人”，who在從句中作lives的主語(yǔ)。7.劃線(xiàn)部分：Havingfinishedherhomework成分：狀語(yǔ)（現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)，修飾主句主語(yǔ)thegirl，表示時(shí)間）解析：這個(gè)現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)相當(dāng)于一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，即“當(dāng)她完成作業(yè)之后”，說(shuō)明她在完成作業(yè)之后才去看電視，修飾了主句的主語(yǔ)thegirl。8.劃線(xiàn)部分：thatbarkedloudlyallnight成分：定語(yǔ)（限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞Thedog）解析：這個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句由關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)，修飾先行詞Thedog，提供關(guān)于狗的額外信息，即“那個(gè)整夜大聲叫的狗”，that在從句中作barked的主語(yǔ)。9.劃線(xiàn)部分：Ifyouhadstudiedharder成分：狀語(yǔ)（條件狀語(yǔ)從句，修飾主句youwouldhavepassedtheexam）解析：這個(gè)條件狀語(yǔ)從句由If引導(dǎo)，表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的條件，即“如果你更努力學(xué)習(xí)”，修飾了主句Youwouldhavepassedtheexam，說(shuō)明主句發(fā)生的條件。10.劃線(xiàn)部分：whowontheaward成分：定語(yǔ)（限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞Thewoman）解析：這個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句由關(guān)系代詞who引導(dǎo)，修飾先行詞Thewoman，提供關(guān)于這個(gè)女人的額外信息，即“那個(gè)贏得獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)的女人”，who在從句中作wontheaward的主語(yǔ)。三、閱讀理解1.a)Themainconcernregardingthedeclineofbeepopulationsistheirpotentialimpactonglobalfoodsecurityduetotheirroleascrucialpollinators.解析：文章第一句直接指出“Beesarecrucialpollinatorsformanycrops,andtheirdisappearancecouldhavesevereconsequencesforglobalfoodsecurity.”，明確說(shuō)明了主要擔(dān)憂(yōu)是蜜蜂作為關(guān)鍵授粉者的消失可能對(duì)全球糧食安全造成嚴(yán)重后果。b)Thethreemainfactorscontributingtothedeclineofbeesarehabitatloss,pesticideuse,andclimatechange.解析：文章第二句提到“Severalfactorscontributetothisdecline,includinghabitatloss,pesticideuse,andclimatechange.”，直接列出了這三個(gè)主要因素。c)Thesolutionsbeingproposedtoaddresstheissueofbeepopulationdeclineincludecreatingprotectedhabitatsanddevelopingbee-friendlyagriculturalpractices.解析：文章第三句提到“Researchersareworkingonvarioussolutions,suchascreatingprotectedhabitatsanddevelopingbee-friendlyagriculturalpractices.”，列出了兩個(gè)解決方案。d)Thepassagesuggeststhatifcurrenteffortsarenotincreased,thesituationregardingbeepopulationswillremainworryingandcouldworsen.解析：文章第四句提到“Thesituationremainsworrying,andmoreneedstobedonetoensurethesurvivalofthesevitalinsects.”，暗示如果當(dāng)前努力不增加，情況可能會(huì)變得更糟。2.a)Thesignificanttrendinrecentyearsmentionedinthepassageistheriseofrenewableenergysources.解析：文章第一句直接指出“Theriseofrenewableenergysourceshasbeenasignificanttrendinrecentyears.”，明確說(shuō)明了這一趨勢(shì)。b)Thetwomainrenewableenergysourcesmentionedinthepassagearesolarandwindenergy.解析：文章第二句提到“Solarandwindenergy,inparticular,havegainedpopularityduetotheirenvironmentalbenefitsanddecreasingcosts.”，提到了這兩種能源。c)Somegovernmentsareimplementingpoliciestoencouragetheadoptionofrenewableenergy,suchasofferingsubsidiestohomeownerswhoinstallsolarpanels.解析：文章第三句提到“Ininstance,somecountriesoffersubsidiestohomeownerswhoinstallsolarpanels.”，說(shuō)明了具體的政策。d)Therenewableenergysourcesstillfacechallengessuchasstorageandintegrationintoexistingpowergrids.解析：文章第四句提到“Whilerenewableenergysourcesarepromising,theystillfacechallenges,suchasstorageandintegrationintoexistingpowergrids.”，提到了這兩個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)。3.a)Thetopicofmuchdebatementionedinthepassageistheimpactofsocialmediaonsociety.解析：文章第一句直接指出“Theimpactofsocialmediaonsocietyhasbeenatopicofmuchdebate.”，明確說(shuō)明了這一話(huà)題。b)Thetwomainaspectsofsocialmedia'simpactonsocietymentionedinthepassageareitsabilitytoconnectpeopleandshareinformation,anditsnegativeeffectssuchascyberbullyingandthespreadofmisinformation.解析：文章第二句提到“Ononehand,socialmediahasmadeiteasierforpeopletoconnectwithothersandshareinformation.Ontheotherhand,ithasalsoledtoissuessuchascyberbullyingandthespreadofmisinformation.”，提到了這兩個(gè)方面。c)Researchershavefoundthatexcessiveuseofsocialmediacanleadtoincreasedanxietyanddepression.解析：文章第三句提到“Researchershavebeenstudyingtheeffectsofsocialmediaonmentalhealth,withsomefindingssuggestingthatexcessiveusecanleadtoincreasedanxietyanddepression.”，說(shuō)明了研究發(fā)現(xiàn)。d)Expertsrecommendsettinglimitsonsocialmediauseandbeingmoremindfulofthecontentconsumedtomitigatethenegativeeffects.解析：文章第四句提到“Tomitigatethesenegativeeffects,expertsrecommendsettinglimitsonsocialmediauseandbeingmoremindfulofthecontentconsumed.”，說(shuō)明了專(zhuān)家的建議。四、聽(tīng)力理解1.a)ThefirstOlympicGameswereheldin776BCinOlympia,Greece.解析：講座第一句直接指出“ThefirstOlympicGameswereheldin776BCinOlympia,Greece.”，明確說(shuō)明了時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)。b)TheancientOlympicGameswerededicatedtothegodZeus.解析：講座第二句提到“ThegameswereareligiousfestivaldedicatedtothegodZeus.”，說(shuō)明了祭祀對(duì)象。c)SomeoftheeventsintheancientOlympicGamesincludedrunning,wrestling,andchariotracing.解析：講座第二句提到“Athletesfromvariouscity-statescompetedineventssuchasrunning,wrestling,andchariotracing.”，列出了這些比賽項(xiàng)目。d)ThemodernOlympicGameswererevivedin1896byaFrenchmannamedPierredeCoubertinandwerefirstheldthatsameyear.解析：講座第四句提到“ThemodernOlympicGameswererevivedin1896byaFrenchmannamedPierredeCoubertin.”，說(shuō)明了時(shí)間和人物；第五句提到“themoderngamesincludebothsummerandwintersportsandareheldeveryfouryears.”，補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明了現(xiàn)代奧運(yùn)會(huì)的特點(diǎn)。2.a)Accordingtothelecture,theimportanceofsleepisthatitallowsthebodytorepairitselfandthebraintoconsolidatememories.解析：講座第一句直接指出“Sleepisacriticalcomponentofhumanhealthandwell-being.Duringsleep,thebodyrepairsitselfandthebrainconsolidatesmemories.”，說(shuō)明了睡眠的重要性。b)Mostadultsneedabout7-9hoursofsleeppernight.解析：講座第二句提到“Mostadultsneedabout7-9hoursofsleeppernight.”，說(shuō)明了睡眠需求。c)Factorsthatcanaffectsleepqualityincludeworkschedules,stress,andtechnologyuse.解析：講座第三句提到“However,manypeopledonotgetenoughsleepduetovariousfactorssuchasworkschedules,stress,andtechnologyuse.”，列出了這些因素。d)Recommendationsforimprovingsleepqualityincludecreatingasleep-friendlyenvironment,maintainingaregularsleepschedule,andavoidingcaffeineandelectronicsbeforebed.解析：講座第四句提到“Toimprovesleepquality,expertsrecommendcreatingasleep-friendlyenvironment,maintainingaregularsleepschedule,andavoidingcaffeineandelectronicsbeforebed.”，列出了建議。3.a)Themainimpactofclimatechangeonpolarbears,accordingtothelecture,isthelossoftheirprimaryhabitatandfoodsourceduetomeltingseaice.解析：講座第二句直接指出“AstheArcticicemeltsduetorisingtemperatures,polarbearsarelosingtheirprimaryhabitatandfoodsource.”，說(shuō)明了主要影響。b)Theprimaryfoodsourceforpolarbearsisseals.解析：講座第二句提到“Polarbearsrelyonseaicetohuntseals,theirmainfoodsource.”，說(shuō)明了主要食物來(lái)源。c)Consequencesofthemeltingseaiceforpolarbearsincludemalnutrition,lowerreproductiverates,andincreasedhuman-wildlifeconflictastheyventureintohumansettlementsinsearchoffood.解析：講座第三句提到“Thiscanleadtomalnutritionandlowerreproductiverates.Additionally,polarbearsarefacingincreasedhuman-wildlifeconflictastheyventureintohumansettlementsinsearchoffood.”，列出了這些后果。d)Conservationeffortsbeingmadetoprotectpolarbearsincludevariousmeasurestoaddresstherootcausesofclimatechangeandprotecttheirremaininghabitat.解析：講座最后一句提到“Conservationeffortsareunderwaytoprotectpolarbears,butthesituationisdire.”，說(shuō)明了正在進(jìn)行的保護(hù)措施。五、寫(xiě)作1.Iagreethatgovernmentsshouldspendmoremoneyonimprovingroadsandhighwaysthanonpublictransportation.Thereareseveralreasonsforthisview,whichIwillexploreinthefollowingparagraphs.Firstandforemost,improvingroadsandhighwaysisessentialforeconomicdevelopmentandjobcreation.Betterroadscanfacilitatethemovementofgoodsandservices,reducingtransportationcostsandincreasingefficiency.This,inturn,canstimulateeconomicgrowthandcreatemorejobopportunities.Forexample,theconstructionandmaintenanceofroadsrequireasignificantworkforce,includingengineers,constructionworkers,androadcrews.Thesejobsnotonlyprovideincomeforindividualsbutalsocontributetotheoveralleconomichealthofthecountry.Secondly,improvedroadsandhighwaysenhancethequalityoflifeforcitizens.Betterinfrastructurereducestraveltime,makingiteasierforpeopletocommutetowork,school,andotheressentialactivities.Thiscanleadtoreducedstressandincreasedproductivity.Additionally,well-maintainedroadsaresafer,reducingthenumberofaccidentsandsavinglives.Forinstance,studieshaveshownthatcountrieswithbetterroadinfrastructurehavelowerratesoftraffic-relatedfatalities.Finally,investinginroadsandhighwaysismorecost-effectivecomparedtopublictransportation.Whilepublictransportationprojectsrequiresubstantialupfrontinvestmentandongoingmaintenance,roadsandhighwayscanbeupgradedinphases,spreadingthecostovertime.Thisallowsgovernmentstoallocateresourcesmoreefficientlyandaddressimmediateinfrastructureneeds.Moreover,manypeoplerelyonpersonalvehiclesfortransportation,andimprovingroadscanbetterservetheirneedswithouttheneedforextensivepublictransportationsystems.Inconclusion,whilepublictransportationisimportant,governmentsshouldprioritizespendingmoremoneyonimprovingroadsandhighways.Theeconomicbenefits,improvedqualityoflife,andcost-effectivenessmakethisaprudentdecision.Byinvestinginourroadnetworks,wecanfostereconomicgrowth,enhancesafety,andbetterservetheneedsofourcitizens.2.Thebenefitsofstudyingabroadoutweighthedrawbacksformanystudents.Studyinginadifferentcountryoffersuniqueopportunitiesforpersonalandacademicgrowththataredifficulttoreplicateathome.Whileitcanbeexpensiveandchallenging,theadvantagesfaroutweighthedisadvantages.Oneoftheprimarybenefitsofstudyingabroadistheopportunitytoimprovelanguageskillsandexperiencedifferentcultures.Immersioninaforeignenvironmentforcesstudentstousethelocallanguage,whichcansignificantlyenhancetheirproficiency.Forexample,livingwithahostfamilyorparticipatinginlanguageexchangeprogramscanprovidepracticallanguagepracticethatclassroomlearningcannot.Additionally,exposuretodifferentculturesbroadensstudents'perspectivesandfosterscross-culturalunderstanding.Thisexperiencecanbeinvaluableinaglobalizedworld,wheretheabilitytocommunicateandcollaboratewithpeoplefromdiversebackgroundsisincreasinglyimportant.Anotheradvantageistheacademicenrichmentthatcomesfromstudyingataforeigninstitution.Manycountriesoffercutting-edgeprogramsandresearchopportunitiesthatmaynotbeavailableintheirhomecountries.Forinstance,astudentinterestedinenvironmentalsciencemighthavethechancetostudyatauniversitywitharenownedprograminthatfield.Furthermore,theacademicenvironmentinothercountriescanbemorerigorousandchallenging,pushingstudentstoreachtheirfullpotential.Thiscanleadtoahigherqualityofeducationandbettercareerprospectsupongraduation.However,itistruethatstudyingabroadcanbeexpensiveandchallenging.Thecostofliving,tuitionfees,andtravelexpensescanbesignificant,makingitinaccessibletosomestudents.Additionally,beingfarfromhomecanbeemotionallyandpsychologicallydifficult,especiallyforthosewhoareawayfromtheirsupportsystems.Languagebarriers,culturaldifferences,andacademicadjustmentscanalsoposechallenges.Despitethesedrawbacks,manystudentsfindwaystoovercometheseobstaclesthroughcarefulplanning,financialaid,andsupportnetworks.Inconclusion,thebenefitsofstudyingabroad,suchasimprovedlanguageskills,culturalexposure,andacademicenrichment,outweighthecostsandchallenges.Whileit