2025年托福考試閱讀真題模擬模擬試卷：夏季科技倫理爭議考試時間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______一、選詞填空假設(shè)你是個剛踏入大學(xué)校園的大一新生，第一次參加托福閱讀考試模擬測試。我作為你的英語老師，坐在你旁邊，看著你緊張地翻閱試卷，時不時在你耳邊小聲提示。現(xiàn)在，請你仔細(xì)閱讀下面的文章，并根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，從每題所給的四個選項(xiàng)中，選擇最適合填入空白處的單詞。1.Therapidadvancementofartificialintelligencehassparkeda______debateamongethicists,scientists,andpolicymakersregardingitspotentialimpactonsociety.A.heatedB.controversialC.spontaneousD.predictable2.ManyexpertsarguethatAIcould______jobsinvariousindustries,leadingtowidespreadeconomicrestructuring.A.displaceB.enhanceC.createD.preserve3.TomitigatethenegativeconsequencesofAI,someproposeimplementingstrictregulationsto______thetechnology'sdevelopment.A.constrainB.accelerateC.monitorD.abandon4.AkeyconcernishowAImight______humandecision-makingprocesses,potentiallyleadingtounintendedconsequences.A.augmentB.undermineC.replicateD.complement5.ProponentsofAIarguethatitcan______humancapabilitiesbyautomatingrepetitivetasksandfreeinguptimeforcreativeendeavors.A.supplementB.diminishC.challengeD.replace6.EthicalguidelinesareessentialtoensurethatAIisdevelopedandusedinawaythatis______andfairtoallindividuals.A.transparentB.ambiguousC.biasedD.inefficient7.TheintegrationofAIintohealthcarehasthepotentialto______patientoutcomesthroughpersonalizedtreatmentplans.A.improveB.deteriorateC.standardizeD.complicate8.However,criticswarnthatwithoutpropersafeguards,AIcould______sensitivepatientdata,leadingtoprivacyviolations.A.protectB.encryptC.exposeD.analyze9.Intherealmoftransportation,self-drivingcarspromiseto______roadaccidentsbyreducinghumanerror.A.increaseB.eliminateC.causeD.exacerbate10.Yet,thetransitiontoautonomousvehiclesraisesquestionsaboutaccountabilityintheeventofanaccident.A.ignoresB.addressesC.complicatesD.clarifies二、段落匹配假設(shè)你剛剛完成了一篇關(guān)于人工智能倫理的閱讀文章，文章中提到了不同學(xué)者對于AI發(fā)展的看法?，F(xiàn)在，請你根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，將以下段落與其對應(yīng)的學(xué)者觀點(diǎn)進(jìn)行匹配。注意，每個段落只能匹配一個學(xué)者觀點(diǎn)，且每個觀點(diǎn)只能被使用一次。段落：1."TherapiddevelopmentofAIwithoutproperethicalguidelinescouldleadtosignificantsocietaldisruptions.WemustprioritizecreatingaframeworkthatensuresAIbenefitshumanityasawhole."2."AIhasthepotentialtorevolutionizehealthcare,butwemustbecautiousabouthowweimplementit.Withoutstrictregulations,weriskcompromisingpatientprivacyandsafety."3."ThefearofAIreplacinghumanjobsisoverblown.InsteadofseeingAIasathreat,weshouldviewitasanopportunitytoenhancehumanproductivityandcreativity."4."Self-drivingcarscoulddrasticallyreduceroadaccidents,butweneedtoaddresstheissueofaccountabilitybeforetheybecomemainstream.Whoisresponsiblewhenanautonomousvehiclecausesanaccident?"5."AIisnotinherentlygoodorbad;itisatoolthatcanbeusedforbothnobleandnefariouspurposes.Thekeyliesinhowwechoosetodevelopanddeployit."學(xué)者觀點(diǎn)：A.Dr.EmilyCarter,aleadingAIethicist,believesthatwemustprioritizecreatingaframeworkthatensuresAIbenefitshumanityasawhole.B.ProfessorMichaelJohnson,ahealthcareresearcher,arguesthatAIhasthepotentialtorevolutionizehealthcare,butwemustbecautiousabouthowweimplementit.C.Mr.DavidChen,aneconomist,contendsthatthefearofAIreplacinghumanjobsisoverblownandthatweshouldviewitasanopportunitytoenhancehumanproductivityandcreativity.D.Dr.SarahThompson,atransportationsafetyexpert,emphasizestheneedtoaddresstheissueofaccountabilitybeforeself-drivingcarsbecomemainstream.E.Ms.LisaWang,atechnologypolicyanalyst,believesthatAIisnotinherentlygoodorbad;itisatoolthatcanbeusedforbothnobleandnefariouspurposes.三、閱讀理解假設(shè)你現(xiàn)在正坐在教室里，我作為你的托福閱讀老師，剛剛講完一篇關(guān)于人工智能倫理的復(fù)雜文章。這篇文章探討了AI對社會、經(jīng)濟(jì)和日常生活可能帶來的深遠(yuǎn)影響，同時也引發(fā)了一系列關(guān)于道德和責(zé)任的討論?，F(xiàn)在，請你根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，回答以下問題。我會逐個提問，請你仔細(xì)回憶文章細(xì)節(jié)，并給出最準(zhǔn)確的答案。1.Accordingtothepassage,whatistheprimaryconcernregardingthedevelopmentofartificialintelligence?A.ItspotentialtoenhancehumanproductivityB.ItspotentialtodisplacehumanjobsC.ItspotentialtoviolateethicalguidelinesD.Itspotentialtoimprovehealthcareoutcomes2.ThepassagesuggeststhatproponentsofAIbelievethatitcan______humancapabilitiesbyautomatingrepetitivetasks.A.diminishB.augmentC.replaceD.undermine3.WhatdoesthepassageindicateabouttheroleofethicalguidelinesinAIdevelopment?A.Theyareunnecessaryandshouldbeabandoned.B.TheyareessentialtoensureAIisusedresponsibly.C.Theyareoverlyrestrictiveandhinderinnovation.D.Theyareprimarilyforregulatorypurposesandhavenopracticalimpact.4.Accordingtothepassage,whatisakeyconcernregardingtheintegrationofAIintohealthcare?A.Itcouldleadtoimprovedpatientoutcomes.B.Itmightexposesensitivepatientdata.C.Itwouldstandardizetreatmentplans,reducingpersonalization.D.Itcouldeliminatetheneedforhumandoctors.5.Thepassageimpliesthatself-drivingcarshavethepotentialto______roadaccidents.A.causemoreaccidentsduetotechnicalfailures.B.eliminateaccidentsentirelybyremovinghumanerror.C.increaseaccidentsaspeoplebecomecomplacent.D.complicatetrafficconditionsduetounpredictablebehavior.6.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestabouttheissueofaccountabilityintheeventofanaccidentinvolvingautonomousvehicles?A.Itisanon-issuethatdoesnotrequirefurtherdiscussion.B.Itcomplicatesthetransitiontoautonomousvehicles.C.Itcanbeeasilyresolvedbyblamingthemanufacturers.D.Itisirrelevantaslongasthetechnologyisadvanced.7.Accordingtothepassage,whatisthemainargumentofMs.LisaWang?A.AIisinherentlygoodandshouldbedevelopedwithoutrestrictions.B.AIisatoolthatcanbeusedforbothnobleandnefariouspurposes.C.AIwillinevitablyreplacehumanjobsandweshouldprepareforajoblessfuture.D.AIistoocomplexfortheaveragepersontounderstand.8.ThepassageindicatesthatDr.EmilyCarterisconcernedaboutthe______developmentofAI.A.rapidandunregulatedB.slowandmethodicalC.collaborativeandinclusiveD.transparentandaccountable9.WhatdoesthepassagesuggestaboutthepotentialimpactofAIonpatientprivacyinhealthcare?A.Itwillsignificantlyenhancedatasecuritymeasures.B.Itcouldleadtoprivacyviolationsifnotproperlysafeguarded.C.Itwillmakepatientdatacompletelyanonymous.D.Ithasnoimpactonpatientprivacy.10.Accordingtothepassage,whatisamajorchallengeinthetransitiontoautonomousvehicles?A.Thehighcostofdevelopmentandimplementation.B.Thelackofpublictrustinthetechnology.C.Theneedtoaddressaccountabilityissues.D.ThedifficultyinintegratingAIwithexistinginfrastructure.四、句子填空假設(shè)你正在參加一個托福閱讀模擬考試，我作為你的老師，坐在你旁邊，看著你緊張地翻閱試卷?，F(xiàn)在，請你根據(jù)下面的文章內(nèi)容，從每題所給的四個選項(xiàng)中，選擇最適合填入空白處的句子，使文章意思通順、邏輯連貫。Therapidadvancementofartificialintelligencehas______.1.A.raisedconcernsamongethicists,scientists,andpolicymakersaboutitspotentialimpactonsociety.B.beenwidelycelebratedasamilestoneintechnologicalprogress.C.ledtothecreationofnewjobopportunitiesinthetechindustry.D.beenlargelyignoredbythegeneralpublicduetoitscomplexity.TheintegrationofAIintovarioussectorshasthepotentialto______.2.A.disrupttraditionaljobmarketsandrequiresignificanteconomicrestructuring.B.enhancehumancapabilitiesbyautomatingrepetitivetasks.C.eliminatetheneedforhumaninterventionincriticaldecision-making.D.fosterasenseofanxietyanddistrustamongtheworkforce.However,thebenefitsofAImustbeweighedagainstitspotentialdrawbacks.______.3.A.Thetechnologyhasthepotentialtoviolateethicalguidelinesandcauseunintendedconsequences.B.ThedevelopmentofAIistooslowandlacksthenecessaryfunding.C.AIisinherentlybeneficialandcannothaveanynegativeimpacts.D.ThepublicisalreadyfullyawareoftherisksassociatedwithAI.Tomitigatetheserisks,expertsproposeimplementingstrictregulationsto______.4.A.ensurethatAIisdevelopedandusedinawaythatistransparentandfairtoallindividuals.B.promotetherapiddevelopmentofAIwithoutanyethicalconsiderations.C.preventAIfrombeingusedfornefariouspurposes.D.makeAItechnologyaccessibletoonlyaselectfew.OneofthemostsignificantconcernsishowAImight______humandecision-makingprocesses.______.5.A.augmentandenhance,leadingtomoreefficientandaccurateoutcomes.B.undermineandreplace,potentiallyleadingtounintendedconsequences.C.complementandsupport,freeinguptimeformorecreativeendeavors.D.ignoreandbypass,makinghumanjudgmentirrelevant.ProponentsofAIarguethatitcan______humancapabilitiesbyautomatingtasksthatarecurrentlyperformedbyhumans.______.6.A.diminishandreduce,leadingtoadecreaseinoverallproductivity.B.augmentandenhance,allowinghumanstofocusonmorecomplexandcreativetasks.C.replaceandeliminate,makinghumanlaborobsolete.D.complicateandconfuse,leadingtoadeclineinthequalityofwork.However,criticswarnthatwithoutpropersafeguards,AIcould______sensitivedata,leadingtoprivacyviolations.______.7.A.protectandsecure,ensuringthatpatientinformationremainsconfidential.B.encryptandhide,makingitimpossibleforanyonetoaccessthedata.C.exposeandreveal,potentiallyleadingtosignificantprivacybreaches.D.analyzeandinterpret,providingvaluableinsightswithoutcompromisingprivacy.Intherealmoftransportation,self-drivingcarspromiseto______roadaccidentsbyreducinghumanerror.______.8.A.increaseandexacerbate,asthetechnologyisnotyetfoolproof.B.eliminateandremove,creatingacompletelyaccident-freeenvironment.C.reduceandminimize,significantlyimprovingroadsafety.D.causeandtrigger,introducingnewtypesofaccidentsduetotechnicalfailures.Yet,thetransitiontoautonomousvehiclesraisesquestionsaboutaccountabilityintheeventofanaccident.______.9.A.Itisanon-issuethatdoesnotrequirefurtherdiscussion.B.Itcomplicatestheadoptionofself-drivingcarsandrequirescarefulconsideration.C.Itcanbeeasilyresolvedbyblamingthemanufacturers.D.Itisirrelevantaslongasthetechnologyisadvanced.TheintegrationofAIintohealthcarehasthepotentialto______patientoutcomesthroughpersonalizedtreatmentplans.______.10.A.deteriorateandworsen,asthetechnologyisnotyetrefinedenough.B.standardizeanduniform,reducingthevariabilityintreatmentapproaches.C.improveandenhance,leadingtomoreeffectiveandtailoredcare.D.complicateandconfuse,makingitdifficulttodeterminethebestcourseoftreatment.本次試卷答案如下一、選詞填空1.Bcontroversial解析：文章開頭提到人工智能的快速發(fā)展引發(fā)了倫理學(xué)家、科學(xué)家和政策制定者之間的辯論，這里需要一個詞來描述這種辯論的性質(zhì)。"Heated"（激烈的）雖然也符合，但"controversial"（有爭議的）更直接地指出了辯論的核心是不同觀點(diǎn)的沖突。2.Adisplace解析：文章第二句提到許多專家認(rèn)為人工智能可能會取代各行各業(yè)的工作，導(dǎo)致廣泛的經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整。"Displace"（取代）在這里最符合語境，表達(dá)了AI對就業(yè)市場的潛在負(fù)面影響。3.Aconstrain解析：文章第三句提到為了減輕人工智能的負(fù)面后果，一些人建議實(shí)施嚴(yán)格的規(guī)定來限制該技術(shù)的發(fā)展。"Constrain"（限制）最符合句意，表示通過規(guī)定來控制AI的發(fā)展速度和方向。4.Bundermine解析：文章第四句提到一個主要擔(dān)憂是人工智能如何破壞人類決策過程，可能導(dǎo)致意想不到的后果。"Undermine"（破壞）在這里最合適，表達(dá)了AI對人類原有決策機(jī)制的負(fù)面影響。5.Asupplement解析：文章第五句提到人工智能的支持者認(rèn)為它可以通過自動化重復(fù)性任務(wù)并釋放出時間用于創(chuàng)造性工作來補(bǔ)充人類能力。"Supplement"（補(bǔ)充）最符合語境，表示AI是對人類能力的補(bǔ)充而非替代。6.Atransparent解析：文章第六句提到道德指南對于確保人工智能以透明和公平的方式開發(fā)和使用給所有個人帶來好處至關(guān)重要。"Transparent"（透明的）最符合句意，強(qiáng)調(diào)了AI發(fā)展需要公開透明，避免暗箱操作。7.Aimprove解析：文章第七句提到人工智能與健康保健的整合有可能通過個性化治療計(jì)劃改善患者結(jié)果。"Improve"（改善）最符合語境，表達(dá)了AI在醫(yī)療領(lǐng)域的積極作用。8.Cexpose解析：文章第八句提到，然而，批評者警告說，如果沒有適當(dāng)?shù)陌踩胧?，人工智能可能會暴露敏感的患者?shù)據(jù)，導(dǎo)致隱私侵犯。"Expose"（暴露）最符合句意，指AI可能導(dǎo)致的數(shù)據(jù)安全問題。9.Beliminate解析：文章第九句提到在交通領(lǐng)域，自動駕駛汽車承諾通過減少人為錯誤來消除道路事故。"Eliminate"（消除）最符合語境，表達(dá)了自動駕駛汽車對提升交通安全的潛在貢獻(xiàn)。10.Ccomplicates解析：文章最后一句提到向自主車輛的過渡引發(fā)了關(guān)于事故發(fā)生時責(zé)任問題的疑問。"Complicates"（使復(fù)雜化）最符合語境，指自主車輛引入了新的責(zé)任歸屬問題。二、段落匹配1.ADr.EmilyCarter,aleadingAIethicist,believesthatwemustprioritizecreatingaframeworkthatensuresAIbenefitshumanityasawhole.解析：段落1的核心觀點(diǎn)是強(qiáng)調(diào)需要建立道德框架來確保AI造福人類，這與Dr.EmilyCarter作為AI倫理學(xué)家的立場一致。2.BProfessorMichaelJohnson,ahealthcareresearcher,arguesthatAIhasthepotentialtorevolutionizehealthcare,butwemustbecautiousabouthowweimplementit.解析：段落2主要討論AI在醫(yī)療領(lǐng)域的潛力以及實(shí)施過程中的謹(jǐn)慎問題，這與ProfessorMichaelJohnson作為醫(yī)療研究者的觀點(diǎn)相符。3.CMr.DavidChen,aneconomist,contendsthatthefearofAIreplacinghumanjobsisoverblownandthatweshouldviewitasanopportunitytoenhancehumanproductivityandcreativity.解析：段落3的核心觀點(diǎn)是認(rèn)為AI不會取代人類工作，而是機(jī)會，這與Mr.DavidChen作為經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家的觀點(diǎn)一致。4.DDr.SarahThompson,atransportationsafetyexpert,emphasizestheneedtoaddresstheissueofaccountabilitybeforeself-drivingcarsbecomemainstream.解析：段落4主要討論自動駕駛汽車的責(zé)任問題，這與Dr.SarahThompson作為交通安全專家的觀點(diǎn)相符。5.EMs.LisaWang,atechnologypolicyanalyst,believesthatAIisnotinherentlygoodorbad;itisatoolthatcanbeusedforbothnobleandnefariouspurposes.解析：段落5的核心觀點(diǎn)是AI本身無好壞之分，是工具，可用于善也可用于惡，這與Ms.LisaWang作為科技政策分析師的觀點(diǎn)一致。三、閱讀理解1.BItspotentialtodisplacehumanjobs解析：文章第一段提到關(guān)于AI發(fā)展的主要擔(dān)憂，結(jié)合第二段對就業(yè)市場影響的討論，可知主要擔(dān)憂是AI取代人類工作。2.Baugment解析：文章第二段提到支持者認(rèn)為AI可以增強(qiáng)人類能力，通過自動化重復(fù)性任務(wù)釋放時間用于創(chuàng)造性工作，"augment"（增強(qiáng)）最符合語境。3.BTheyareessentialtoensureAIisusedresponsibly解析：文章第三段提到需要建立道德框架來確保AI造福人類，強(qiáng)調(diào)道德指南的重要性，"essential"（必要的）和"responsible"（負(fù)責(zé)任的）最符合語境。4.BItmightexposesensitivepatientdata解析：文章第四段提到AI在醫(yī)療領(lǐng)域的潛力以及數(shù)據(jù)安全問題，強(qiáng)調(diào)謹(jǐn)慎實(shí)施的重要性，"expose"（暴露）和"sensitivepatientdata"（敏感患者數(shù)據(jù)）最符合語境。5.Beliminateaccidentsentirelybyremovinghumanerror解析：文章第五段提到自動駕駛汽車的潛力，強(qiáng)調(diào)通過減少人為錯誤來消除事故，"eliminate"（消除）和"humanerror"（人為錯誤）最符合語境。6.BItcomplicatesthetransitiontoautonomousvehicles解析：文章第六段提到自動駕駛汽車的責(zé)任問題，指出這是向自主車輛過渡時需要解決的復(fù)雜問題，"complicates"（使復(fù)雜化）最符合語境。7.BAIisatoolthatcanbeusedforbothnobleandnefariouspurposes解析：文章第七段引用Ms.LisaWang的觀點(diǎn)，認(rèn)為AI本身無好壞之分，是工具，可用于善也可用于惡，"tool"（工具）和"nobleandnefariouspurposes"（崇高和邪惡的目的）最符合語境。8.Arapidandunregulated解析：文章第八段提到Dr.EmilyCarter對AI發(fā)展的擔(dān)憂，強(qiáng)調(diào)需要建立道德框架來確保AI造福人類，"rapidandunregulated"（快速且無監(jiān)管的）最符合語境。9.BItcouldleadtoprivacyviolationsifnotproperlysafeguarded解析：文章第九段提到AI可能導(dǎo)致的數(shù)據(jù)安全問題，強(qiáng)調(diào)如果沒有適當(dāng)?shù)陌踩胧?，可能?dǎo)致隱私侵犯，"leadtoprivacyviolations"（導(dǎo)致隱私侵犯）最符合語境。10.CTheneedtoaddressaccountabilityissues解析：文章第十段提到自動駕駛汽車的責(zé)任問題，這是向自主車輛過渡時需要解決的重要問題，"accountabilityissues"（責(zé)任問題）最符合語境。四、句子填空1.Araisedconcernsamongethicists,scientists,andpolicymakersaboutitspotentialimpactonsociety解析：文章開頭提到AI的快速發(fā)展引發(fā)了倫理學(xué)家、科學(xué)家和政策制定者之間的擔(dān)憂，"raisedconcerns"（引發(fā)擔(dān)憂）和"potentialimpactonsociety"（對社會潛在影響）最符合語境。2.Benhancehumancapabilitiesbyautomatingrepetitive