2025年托?？荚囬喿x真題模擬模擬試卷：交通擁堵城市可持續(xù)發(fā)展考試時(shí)間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______一、選擇題（本大題共20小題，每小題2分，共40分。請(qǐng)仔細(xì)閱讀每篇文章，根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容選擇最佳答案。）1.Accordingtothepassage,whatistheprimarycauseoftrafficcongestioninmoderncities?A.Theincreasingnumberofprivatevehiclesontheroad.B.Inadequatepublictransportationsystems.C.Poorurbanplanningandroadinfrastructure.D.Thebehaviorofindividualdrivers.2.Thepassagesuggeststhatwhichofthefollowingstrategiescouldbeeffectiveinreducingtrafficcongestion?A.Implementinghighertollsonheavilycongestedroads.B.Encouragingtheuseofbicyclesandwalking.C.Expandingthenumberoflanesonmajorhighways.D.Increasingthespeedlimitstoallowforfastertravel.3.Whatdoesthepassageindicateabouttheimpactoftrafficcongestionontheenvironment?A.Itleadstoasignificantreductioninairpollution.B.Ithasnonoticeableeffectonenvironmentalquality.C.Itcontributestoincreasedgreenhousegasemissions.D.Itpromotestheuseofrenewableenergysources.4.Accordingtothepassage,howdoestrafficcongestionaffecttheeconomicproductivityofacity?A.Itboostseconomicactivitybykeepingworkersonthemove.B.Ithasaminimalimpactontheoveralleconomy.C.Itreducesproductivityduetowastedtimeandincreasedcosts.D.Itencouragesbusinessestorelocatetolesscongestedareas.5.Thepassagementionsthatmanycitiesarefacingchallengesinmanagingtrafficcongestion.Whichofthefollowingiscitedasamajorchallenge?A.Thelackoffundingfortransportationprojects.B.Theresistanceofcitizenstonewtrafficpolicies.C.Thecomplexityofintegratingdifferentmodesoftransportation.D.Theinsufficientnumberoftrafficengineers.6.Accordingtothepassage,whatroledoespublictransportationplayinmitigatingtrafficcongestion?A.Itexacerbatestheproblembyattractingmorecommuters.B.Ithasanegligibleimpactontrafficconditions.C.Ithelpsreducecongestionbyprovidinganalternativetoprivatevehicles.D.Itisprimarilyusedbytouristsandhaslittleeffectondailycommuters.7.Thepassagediscussestheuseoftechnologyinaddressingtrafficcongestion.Whichofthefollowingtechnologiesismentioned?A.Autonomousvehicles.B.Smarttrafficlights.C.High-speedrailsystems.D.Electricscooters.8.Accordingtothepassage,whatisthesignificanceoftrafficcongestionintermsofurbansustainability?A.Ithighlightstheneedformoresustainableurbanplanning.B.Itpromotestheadoptionofsustainabletransportationpractices.C.Ithasnoimpactonthesustainabilityofurbanenvironments.D.Itencouragestheuseoffossilfuelsinurbanareas.9.Thepassagementionsthatsomecitieshaveimplementedcar-freezones.Whatistheprimarygoalofthesezones?A.Toincreasethenumberoftrafficaccidents.B.Toprovidemorespaceforparkingcars.C.Toencouragetheuseofalternativemodesoftransportation.D.Toimprovetheaestheticappealofthecity.10.Accordingtothepassage,howdoestrafficcongestionaffectthequalityoflifeforcityresidents?A.Itenhancestheoverallwell-beingbykeepingpeopleactive.B.Ithasnosignificantimpactonthequalityoflife.C.Itreducesthequalityoflifeduetoincreasedstressandpollution.D.Itimprovesthequalityoflifebyfosteringcommunityinteractions.11.Thepassagediscussestheroleofgovernmentpoliciesinaddressingtrafficcongestion.Whichofthefollowingpoliciesismentioned?A.Taxincentivesforbuyingelectricvehicles.B.Mandatorycarpoolingprograms.C.Increasedparkingfeesincitycenters.D.Subsidiesforprivatecarusage.12.Accordingtothepassage,whatistheimpactoftrafficcongestiononthehealthofcityresidents?A.Itimproveshealthbyencouragingphysicalactivity.B.Ithasnonoticeableeffectonhealth.C.Itleadstoincreasedstressandhealthproblems.D.Itpromotestheadoptionofhealthylifestyles.13.Thepassagementionsthatsomecitiesareinvestingingreeninfrastructure.Whatistheprimarybenefitofthisapproach?A.Itincreasesthenumberoftrafficaccidents.B.Itprovidesmorespaceforparkingcars.C.Ithelpsreducetrafficcongestionbycreatingalternativeroutes.D.Itimprovestheaestheticappealofthecity.14.Accordingtothepassage,whatistheroleofurbanplanninginaddressingtrafficcongestion?A.Ithasnosignificantimpactontrafficconditions.B.Itexacerbatestheproblembyfocusingoncar-centricdesigns.C.Ithelpsmitigatecongestionbypromotingmixed-usedevelopments.D.Itencouragestheuseofprivatevehiclesinurbanareas.15.Thepassagediscussestheimpactoftrafficcongestiononsmallbusinesses.Whatistheprimaryconcernmentioned?A.Itincreasescustomertraffic,leadingtohigherprofits.B.Ithasnosignificantimpactonsmallbusinesses.C.Itreducesfoottrafficandprofitsduetoaccessibilityissues.D.Itencouragestherelocationofsmallbusinessestosuburbanareas.16.Accordingtothepassage,whatisthesignificanceoftrafficcongestionintermsofsocialequity?A.Itpromotesequalaccesstotransportationforallresidents.B.Ithasnoimpactonsocialequity.C.Itdisproportionatelyaffectslow-incomecommunities.D.Itencouragestheuseofpublictransportationbyallincomegroups.17.Thepassagementionsthatsomecitiesareimplementingcongestionpricing.Whatistheprimarygoalofthispolicy?A.Toincreasethenumberoftrafficaccidents.B.Toprovidemorespaceforparkingcars.C.Toreducetrafficcongestionbymakingdrivingmoreexpensive.D.Toimprovetheaestheticappealofthecity.18.Accordingtothepassage,howdoestrafficcongestionaffectthementalhealthofcityresidents?A.Itimprovesmentalhealthbykeepingpeopleengagedindailyactivities.B.Ithasnonoticeableeffectonmentalhealth.C.Itleadstoincreasedstressandmentalhealthissues.D.Itpromotestheadoptionofstress-reliefpractices.19.Thepassagediscussestheroleoftechnologyinaddressingtrafficcongestion.Whichofthefollowingtechnologicaladvancementsismentioned?A.Dronesfortrafficmonitoring.B.Advancedtrafficsignalsystems.C.Hyperlooptransportationsystems.D.Personalflyingvehicles.20.Accordingtothepassage,whatistheultimategoalofaddressingtrafficcongestioninsustainablecities?A.Tomaximizethenumberofvehiclesontheroad.B.Toensuretheefficientmovementofpeopleandgoods.C.Toeliminatetheneedforpublictransportation.D.Topromotetheuseoffossilfuelsinurbanareas.二、填空題（本大題共10小題，每小題2分，共20分。請(qǐng)根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，在空白處填入最合適的單詞或短語(yǔ)。）21.Trafficcongestioninmoderncitiesisprimarilycausedbythe_______numberofprivatevehiclesontheroad.22.Oneeffectivestrategytoreducetrafficcongestionistoencouragetheuseofbicyclesand_______.23.Thepassageindicatesthattrafficcongestioncontributestoincreased_______gasemissions,whichhaveanegativeimpactontheenvironment.24.Accordingtothepassage,trafficcongestionreducesthe_______ofacityduetowastedtimeandincreasedcosts.25.Manycitiesarefacingchallengesinmanagingtrafficcongestion,primarilyduetothelackof_______fortransportationprojects.26.Publictransportationplaysacrucialroleinmitigatingtrafficcongestionbyprovidinganalternativeto_______vehicles.27.Thepassagementionstheuseofsmarttrafficlightsasatechnologytoaddresstrafficcongestion,whichcanhelpoptimizetrafficflowandreducedelays.28.Trafficcongestionhasasignificantimpactonthe_______ofcityresidents,leadingtoincreasedstressandpollution.29.Somecitieshaveimplementedcar-freezonestoencouragetheuseofalternativemodesoftransportationandimprovetheoverall_______ofthecity.30.Theultimategoalofaddressingtrafficcongestioninsustainablecitiesistoensuretheefficientmovementofpeopleandgoodswhilepromotingenvironmental_______andsocialequity.三、判斷題（本大題共10小題，每小題2分，共20分。請(qǐng)根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，判斷下列陳述的正誤。）31.Trafficcongestionisprimarilycausedbyinadequatepublictransportationsystems,accordingtothepassage.A.正確B.錯(cuò)誤32.Encouragingtheuseofbicyclesandwalkingcanbeaneffectivestrategytoreducetrafficcongestion,assuggestedinthepassage.A.正確B.錯(cuò)誤33.Thepassageindicatesthattrafficcongestionhasnosignificantimpactontheenvironment.A.正確B.錯(cuò)誤34.Accordingtothepassage,trafficcongestionhasaminimalimpactontheoveralleconomyofacity.A.正確B.錯(cuò)誤35.Thepassagementionsthatmanycitiesarefacingchallengesinmanagingtrafficcongestion,primarilyduetothelackoffundingfortransportationprojects.A.正確B.錯(cuò)誤36.Publictransportationplaysanegligibleroleinmitigatingtrafficcongestion,asstatedinthepassage.A.正確B.錯(cuò)誤37.Thepassagediscussestheuseofautonomousvehiclesasatechnologytoaddresstrafficcongestion.A.正確B.錯(cuò)誤38.Accordingtothepassage,trafficcongestionhasnoimpactonthesustainabilityofurbanenvironments.A.正確B.錯(cuò)誤39.Theprimarygoalofcar-freezonesincitiesistoprovidemorespaceforparkingcars,asmentionedinthepassage.A.正確B.錯(cuò)誤40.Thepassagesuggeststhattrafficcongestionenhancestheoverallwell-beingofcityresidents.A.正確B.錯(cuò)誤四、匹配題（本大題共5小題，每小題2分，共10分。請(qǐng)將下列選項(xiàng)與對(duì)應(yīng)的描述進(jìn)行匹配。）41.A.Theincreasingnumberofprivatevehiclesontheroad.B.Inadequatepublictransportationsystems.C.Poorurbanplanningandroadinfrastructure.D.Thebehaviorofindividualdrivers.Accordingtothepassage,whatistheprimarycauseoftrafficcongestioninmoderncities?A.B.C.D.42.A.Implementinghighertollsonheavilycongestedroads.B.Encouragingtheuseofbicyclesandwalking.C.Expandingthenumberoflanesonmajorhighways.D.Increasingthespeedlimitstoallowforfastertravel.Thepassagesuggeststhatwhichofthefollowingstrategiescouldbeeffectiveinreducingtrafficcongestion?A.B.C.D.43.A.Itleadstoasignificantreductioninairpollution.B.Ithasnonoticeableeffectonenvironmentalquality.C.Itcontributestoincreasedgreenhousegasemissions.D.Itpromotestheuseofrenewableenergysources.Whatdoesthepassageindicateabouttheimpactoftrafficcongestionontheenvironment?A.B.C.D.44.A.Itboostseconomicactivitybykeepingworkersonthemove.B.Ithasaminimalimpactontheoveralleconomy.C.Itreducesproductivityduetowastedtimeandincreasedcosts.D.Itencouragesbusinessestorelocatetolesscongestedareas.Accordingtothepassage,howdoestrafficcongestionaffecttheeconomicproductivityofacity?A.B.C.D.45.A.Thelackoffundingfortransportationprojects.B.Theresistanceofcitizenstonewtrafficpolicies.C.Thecomplexityofintegratingdifferentmodesoftransportation.D.Theinsufficientnumberoftrafficengineers.Thepassagementionsthatmanycitiesarefacingchallengesinmanagingtrafficcongestion.Whichofthefollowingiscitedasamajorchallenge?A.B.C.D.五、簡(jiǎn)答題（本大題共5小題，每小題4分，共20分。請(qǐng)根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，簡(jiǎn)要回答下列問(wèn)題。）46.Accordingtothepassage,whatroledoespublictransportationplayinmitigatingtrafficcongestion?Pleaseexplainindetail.47.Thepassagediscussestheuseoftechnologyinaddressingtrafficcongestion.Whichtechnologiesarementioned,andhowdotheyhelpreducetrafficcongestion?48.Whatisthesignificanceoftrafficcongestionintermsofurbansustainability,asmentionedinthepassage?Pleaseprovideexamplestosupportyouranswer.49.Thepassagementionsthatsomecitieshaveimplementedcar-freezones.Whatistheprimarygoalofthesezones,andhowdotheycontributetoreducingtrafficcongestion?50.Accordingtothepassage,howdoestrafficcongestionaffectthequalityoflifeforcityresidents?Pleasediscussthevariouswaysinwhichitimpactstheirdailylives.本次試卷答案如下一、選擇題答案及解析1.A.Theincreasingnumberofprivatevehiclesontheroad.解析：文章第一段明確指出，現(xiàn)代城市交通擁堵的主要原因是私家車數(shù)量不斷增加，這在道路資源有限的情況下導(dǎo)致了嚴(yán)重的交通擁堵現(xiàn)象。其他選項(xiàng)雖然也可能加劇擁堵，但文章強(qiáng)調(diào)的是私家車數(shù)量的增長(zhǎng)是首要原因。2.B.Encouragingtheuseofbicyclesandwalking.解析：文章第三段提到，鼓勵(lì)使用自行車和步行是減少交通擁堵的有效策略之一。這種方式可以減少道路上的車輛數(shù)量，從而緩解交通壓力。其他選項(xiàng)如提高道路收費(fèi)、擴(kuò)建道路或提高速度限制，雖然可能在短期內(nèi)緩解擁堵，但長(zhǎng)期來(lái)看會(huì)帶來(lái)更多問(wèn)題，如環(huán)境污染、資源浪費(fèi)等。3.C.Itcontributestoincreasedgreenhousegasemissions.解析：文章第二段指出，交通擁堵會(huì)導(dǎo)致車輛頻繁啟停，從而增加溫室氣體排放。這主要是因?yàn)檐囕v在擁堵?tīng)顟B(tài)下燃燒更多的燃料，釋放出更多的二氧化碳和其他有害氣體。其他選項(xiàng)與文章內(nèi)容不符，文章并未提到擁堵減少空氣污染或促進(jìn)可再生能源使用。4.C.Itreducesproductivityduetowastedtimeandincreasedcosts.解析：文章第四段明確說(shuō)明，交通擁堵會(huì)導(dǎo)致人們浪費(fèi)大量時(shí)間在路上，同時(shí)增加通勤成本，從而降低城市的經(jīng)濟(jì)生產(chǎn)力。其他選項(xiàng)與文章內(nèi)容不符，文章并未提到擁堵會(huì)提高經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)或促進(jìn)企業(yè)搬遷。5.A.Thelackoffundingfortransportationprojects.解析：文章第五段提到，許多城市在管理交通擁堵方面面臨挑戰(zhàn)，主要是因?yàn)槿狈Y金用于交通項(xiàng)目。資金不足導(dǎo)致城市無(wú)法及時(shí)修建新的道路、改進(jìn)交通信號(hào)系統(tǒng)或發(fā)展公共交通，從而加劇了交通擁堵問(wèn)題。其他選項(xiàng)雖然也可能是挑戰(zhàn)，但文章強(qiáng)調(diào)的是資金問(wèn)題是主要障礙。6.C.Ithelpsreducecongestionbyprovidinganalternativetoprivatevehicles.解析：文章第六段指出，公共交通在緩解交通擁堵方面發(fā)揮著重要作用，因?yàn)樗鼮樗郊臆囂峁┝颂娲x擇。更多的人選擇乘坐公交、地鐵等公共交通工具，可以顯著減少道路上的車輛數(shù)量，從而緩解交通壓力。其他選項(xiàng)與文章內(nèi)容不符，文章并未提到公共交通會(huì)加劇擁堵或?qū)τ慰陀刑厥庥绊憽?.B.Smarttrafficlights.解析：文章第七段提到，智能交通信號(hào)系統(tǒng)是解決交通擁堵的一種技術(shù)手段。這些系統(tǒng)能夠根據(jù)實(shí)時(shí)交通流量自動(dòng)調(diào)整信號(hào)燈時(shí)間，優(yōu)化交通流，減少擁堵。其他選項(xiàng)雖然也是交通技術(shù)，但文章明確指出的是智能交通信號(hào)系統(tǒng)。8.A.Ithighlightstheneedformoresustainableurbanplanning.解析：文章第八段指出，交通擁堵問(wèn)題突顯了城市可持續(xù)規(guī)劃的重要性。為了解決擁堵，城市需要更加注重可持續(xù)的交通規(guī)劃，如發(fā)展公共交通、建設(shè)自行車道等。其他選項(xiàng)與文章內(nèi)容不符，文章并未提到擁堵會(huì)促進(jìn)可持續(xù)交通實(shí)踐或?qū)Τ鞘协h(huán)境無(wú)影響。9.C.Toencouragetheuseofalternativemodesoftransportation.解析：文章第九段提到，一些城市實(shí)施了無(wú)車區(qū)，主要目的是鼓勵(lì)人們使用替代的交通方式，如步行、騎自行車或乘坐公共交通。這樣可以減少私家車的使用，從而緩解交通擁堵。其他選項(xiàng)與文章內(nèi)容不符，文章并未提到無(wú)車區(qū)會(huì)增加交通事故或提供更多停車空間。10.C.Itreducesthequalityoflifeduetoincreasedstressandpollution.解析：文章第十段指出，交通擁堵會(huì)降低城市居民的生活質(zhì)量，主要是因?yàn)樵黾恿巳藗兊膲毫臀廴?。長(zhǎng)時(shí)間被困在交通中，人們會(huì)感到焦慮、煩躁，同時(shí)空氣污染也會(huì)影響健康。其他選項(xiàng)與文章內(nèi)容不符，文章并未提到擁堵會(huì)提高生活質(zhì)量或促進(jìn)社區(qū)互動(dòng)。11.B.Mandatorycarpoolingprograms.解析：文章第十一段提到，一些城市實(shí)施了強(qiáng)制拼車計(jì)劃，作為解決交通擁堵的政策手段。這種政策鼓勵(lì)人們共享車輛，減少道路上車輛的數(shù)量。其他選項(xiàng)雖然也是交通政策，但文章明確指出的是強(qiáng)制拼車計(jì)劃。12.C.Itleadstoincreasedstressandhealthproblems.解析：文章第十二段指出，交通擁堵會(huì)導(dǎo)致人們壓力增加，從而引發(fā)健康問(wèn)題。長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的交通擁堵會(huì)使人們感到焦慮、煩躁，同時(shí)尾氣排放也會(huì)影響空氣質(zhì)量，危害健康。其他選項(xiàng)與文章內(nèi)容不符，文章并未提到擁堵會(huì)提高健康或促進(jìn)健康生活方式。13.C.Ithelpsreducetrafficcongestionbycreatingalternativeroutes.解析：文章第十三段提到，一些城市投資建設(shè)綠色基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施，如自行車道、步行道等，這些設(shè)施可以提供替代的交通路線，減少對(duì)主要道路的依賴，從而緩解交通擁堵。其他選項(xiàng)與文章內(nèi)容不符，文章并未提到綠色基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施會(huì)增加交通事故或提供更多停車空間。14.C.Ithelpsmitigatecongestionbypromotingmixed-usedevelopments.解析：文章第十四段指出，城市規(guī)劃在解決交通擁堵方面發(fā)揮著重要作用，通過(guò)推廣混合用途的開(kāi)發(fā)，如將住宅、商業(yè)和工業(yè)區(qū)域結(jié)合在一起，可以減少人們對(duì)私家車的依賴，從而緩解交通壓力。其他選項(xiàng)與文章內(nèi)容不符，文章并未提到城市規(guī)劃會(huì)加劇擁堵或?qū)Ｗ⒂谄噷?dǎo)向的設(shè)計(jì)。15.C.Itreducesfoottrafficandprofitsduetoaccessibilityissues.解析：文章第十五段提到，交通擁堵對(duì)小型企業(yè)的主要影響是減少了顧客流量和利潤(rùn)，因?yàn)榻煌ú槐銓?dǎo)致顧客難以到達(dá)。其他選項(xiàng)與文章內(nèi)容不符，文章并未提到擁堵會(huì)增加顧客流量或促進(jìn)企業(yè)搬遷。16.C.Itdisproportionatelyaffectslow-incomecommunities.解析：文章第十六段指出，交通擁堵問(wèn)題對(duì)不同收入群體的影響是不平等的，低收入社區(qū)往往受到更大影響。這是因?yàn)榈褪杖肷鐓^(qū)的居民可能更依賴公共交通，而公共交通的不足會(huì)加劇他們的出行困難。其他選項(xiàng)與文章內(nèi)容不符，文章并未提到擁堵會(huì)促進(jìn)平等出行或影響所有收入群體。17.C.Toreducetrafficcongestionbymakingdrivingmoreexpensive.解析：文章第十七段提到，一些城市實(shí)施了擁堵收費(fèi)政策，主要目的是通過(guò)提高駕駛成本來(lái)減少交通擁堵。這種政策可以鼓勵(lì)人們選擇其他交通方式，從而緩解道路壓力。其他選項(xiàng)與文章內(nèi)容不符，文章并未提到擁堵收費(fèi)會(huì)增加交通事故或提供更多停車空間。18.C.Itleadstoincreasedstressandmentalhealthissues.解析：文章第十八段指出，交通擁堵會(huì)導(dǎo)致人們壓力增加，從而引發(fā)心理健康問(wèn)題。長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的交通擁堵會(huì)使人們感到焦慮、煩躁，影響心理健康。其他選項(xiàng)與文章內(nèi)容不符，文章并未提到擁堵會(huì)提高心理健康或促進(jìn)減壓活動(dòng)。19.A.Dronesfortrafficmonitoring.解析：文章第十九段提到，一些城市正在探索使用無(wú)人機(jī)進(jìn)行交通監(jiān)控，作為解決交通擁堵的技術(shù)手段。無(wú)人機(jī)可以提供空中視角，幫助交通管理部門更好地了解交通狀況，從而采取有效措施。其他選項(xiàng)雖然也是交通技術(shù)，但文章明確指出的是無(wú)人機(jī)監(jiān)控。20.B.Toensuretheefficientmovementofpeopleandgoods.解析：文章第二十段指出，解決城市交通擁堵的最終目標(biāo)是確保人員和貨物的有效流動(dòng)，同時(shí)促進(jìn)環(huán)境可持續(xù)性和社會(huì)公平。其他選項(xiàng)與文章內(nèi)容不符，文章并未提到最大化車輛數(shù)量或消除公共交通的需求。二、填空題答案及解析21.increasing解析：根據(jù)文章第一段，現(xiàn)代城市交通擁堵的主要原因是私家車數(shù)量不斷增加，因此這里應(yīng)填“increasing”。22.walking解析：根據(jù)文章第三段，鼓勵(lì)使用自行車和步行是減少交通擁堵的有效策略之一，因此這里應(yīng)填“walking”。23.greenhouse解析：根據(jù)文章第二段，交通擁堵會(huì)導(dǎo)致車輛頻繁啟停，從而增加溫室氣體排放，因此這里應(yīng)填“greenhouse”。24.productivity解析：根據(jù)文章第四段，交通擁堵會(huì)導(dǎo)致人們浪費(fèi)大量時(shí)間在路上，同時(shí)增加通勤成本，從而降低城市的經(jīng)濟(jì)生產(chǎn)力，因此這里應(yīng)填“productivity”。25.funding解析：根據(jù)文章第五段，許多城市在管理交通擁堵方面面臨挑戰(zhàn)，主要是因?yàn)槿狈Y金用于交通項(xiàng)目，因此這里應(yīng)填“funding”。26.private解析：根據(jù)文章第六段，公共交通在緩解交通擁堵方面發(fā)揮著重要作用，因?yàn)樗鼮樗郊臆囂峁┝颂娲x擇，因此這里應(yīng)填“private”。27.smarttrafficlights解析：根據(jù)文章第七段，智能交通信號(hào)系統(tǒng)是解決交通擁堵的一種技術(shù)手段，因此這里應(yīng)填“smarttrafficlights”。28.quality解析：根據(jù)文章第十段，交通擁堵會(huì)降低城市居民的生活質(zhì)量，主要是因?yàn)樵黾恿巳藗兊膲毫臀廴?，因此這里應(yīng)填“quality”。29.livability解析：根據(jù)文章第九段，一些城市實(shí)施了無(wú)車區(qū)，主要目的是鼓勵(lì)人們使用替代的交通方式，并提高城市的整體宜居性，因此這里應(yīng)填“l(fā)ivability”。30.sustainability解析：根據(jù)文章第二十段，解決城市交通擁堵的最終目標(biāo)是確保人員和貨物的有效流動(dòng)，同時(shí)促進(jìn)環(huán)境可持續(xù)性和社會(huì)公平，因此這里應(yīng)填“sustainability”。三、判斷題答案及解析31.B.錯(cuò)誤解析：文章第一段明確指出，現(xiàn)代城市交通擁堵的主要原因是私家車數(shù)量不斷增加，而不是公共交通系統(tǒng)不足。因此，該陳述是錯(cuò)誤的。32.A.正確解析：文章第三段提到，鼓勵(lì)使用自行車和步行是減少交通擁堵的有效策略之一，因此該陳述是正確的。33.B.錯(cuò)誤解析：文章第二段指出，交通擁堵會(huì)導(dǎo)致車輛頻繁啟停，從而增加溫室氣體排放，對(duì)環(huán)境有負(fù)面影響。因此，該陳述是錯(cuò)誤的。34.B.錯(cuò)誤解析：文章第四段明確說(shuō)明，交通擁堵會(huì)導(dǎo)致人們浪費(fèi)大量時(shí)間在路上，同時(shí)增加通勤成本，從而降低城市的經(jīng)濟(jì)生產(chǎn)力。因此，該陳述是錯(cuò)誤的。35.A.正確解析：文章第五段提到，許多城市在管理交通擁堵方面面臨挑戰(zhàn)，主要是因?yàn)槿狈Y金用于交通項(xiàng)目。因此，該陳述是正確的。36.B.錯(cuò)誤解析：文章第六段指出，公共交通在緩解交通擁堵方面發(fā)揮著重要作用，因?yàn)樗鼮樗郊臆囂峁┝颂娲x擇。因此，該陳述是錯(cuò)誤的。37.B.錯(cuò)誤解析：文章第七段提到的是智能交通信號(hào)系統(tǒng)，而不是自動(dòng)駕駛車輛。因此，該陳述是錯(cuò)誤的。38.B.錯(cuò)誤解析：文章第二段指出，交通擁堵會(huì)導(dǎo)致車輛頻繁啟停，從而增加溫室氣體排放，對(duì)環(huán)境有負(fù)面影響。因此，該陳述是錯(cuò)誤的。39.B.錯(cuò)誤解析：文章第九段提到，無(wú)車區(qū)的主要目的是鼓勵(lì)人們使用替代的交通方式，并提高城市的整體宜居性，而不是提供更多停車空間。因此，該陳述是錯(cuò)誤的。40.B.錯(cuò)誤解析：文章第十段指出，交通擁堵會(huì)降低城市居民的生活質(zhì)量，主要是因?yàn)樵黾恿巳藗兊膲毫臀廴?。因此，該陳述是錯(cuò)誤的。四、匹配題答案及解析41.A.Theincreasingnumberofprivatevehiclesontheroad.解析：根據(jù)文章第一段，現(xiàn)代城市交通擁堵的主要原因是私家車數(shù)量不斷增加，因此這里應(yīng)匹配A。42.B.Encouragingtheuseofbicyclesandwalking.解析：根據(jù)文章第三段，鼓勵(lì)使用自行車和步行是減少交通擁堵的有效策略之一，因此這里應(yīng)匹配B。43.C.Itcontributestoincreasedgreenhousegasemissions.解析：根據(jù)文章第二段，交通擁堵會(huì)導(dǎo)致車輛頻繁啟停，從而增加溫室氣體排放，因此這里應(yīng)匹配C。44.C.Itreducesproductivityduetowastedtimeandincreasedcosts.解析：根據(jù)文章第四段，交通擁堵會(huì)導(dǎo)致人們浪費(fèi)大量時(shí)間在路上，同時(shí)增加通勤成本，從而降低城市的經(jīng)濟(jì)生產(chǎn)力，因此這里應(yīng)匹配C。45.A.Thelackoffundingfortransportationprojects.解析：根據(jù)文章第五段，許多城市在管理交通擁堵方面面臨挑戰(zhàn)，主要是因?yàn)槿狈Y金用于交通項(xiàng)目，因此這里應(yīng)匹配A。五、簡(jiǎn)答題答案及解析46.Accordingtothepassage,publictransportationplaysacrucialroleinmitigatingtrafficcongestionbyprovidinganalternativetoprivatevehicles.Whenmorepeopleusepublictransportation,suchasbuses,subways,ortrains,thenumberofprivatevehiclesontheroaddecreases.Thisreductioninvehicletraffichelpstoalleviatecongestion,makingcommutessmootherandmoreefficient.Additionally,publictransportationcanbemoreenvironmentallyfriendly,reducingtheoverallcarbonfootprintofthecity.However,theeffectivenessofpublictransportationinreducingcongestiondependsonitsaccessibility,frequency,andreliability.Ifthesefactorsarewell-managed,publictransportationcansignificantlycontributetoreducingtrafficcongestion.47.Thepassagediscussestheuseoftechnologyinaddressingtrafficcongestion,specificallymentioningsmarttrafficlights.Smarttrafficlightsusesensorsandalgorithmstoadjusttheirtimingbasedonreal-timetrafficconditions.Thisdynamicadjustmenthelpstooptimizetrafficflow,reducingthenumberofstopsandstartsforvehicles,whichinturndecreasescongestion.Additionally,othertechnologieslikereal-timetrafficmonitoringsystemsandadaptivetrafficsignalcontrolcanfurtherenhancethemanagementoftrafficflow.Thesetechnologiesprovidevaluabledatatotrafficengineers,enablingthemtomakeinformeddecisionsandimplementmoreeffectivetrafficmanagementstrategies.48.Accordingtothepassage,trafficcongestionhighlightstheneedformor