2025年網(wǎng)絡(luò)工程師考試網(wǎng)絡(luò)工程師英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)業(yè)詞匯學(xué)習(xí)試題考試時(shí)間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______一、單項(xiàng)選擇要求：仔細(xì)閱讀每個(gè)句子，從四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳答案，每題只有一個(gè)正確答案，共30小題，每題2分，共60分。1.Whichofthefollowingtermsisusedtodescribetheprocessofdividingalargenetworkintosmaller,moremanageablesegments?A.NetworksegmentationB.NetworkbridgingC.NetworkroutingD.Networkbroadcasting2.Innetworking,whatdoestheacronym"IP"standfor?A.InternetProtocolB.InternetProviderC.InterpersonalProtocolD.InternalProtocol3.Whatistheprimaryfunctionofarouterinanetwork?A.ToprovideinternetaccessB.ToconnectmultiplenetworkstogetherC.ToencryptdataD.Toslowdownnetworktraffic4.Whichofthefollowingisalayer2protocolusedforswitchingEthernetnetworks?A.TCPB.UDPC.EthernetD.IP5.Whatisthemaximumnumberofsubnetsthatcanbecreatedwitha/24subnetmask?A.2B.4C.256D.166.Whichofthefollowingisacommonlyusedportforwebtraffic?A.20B.21C.80D.1107.Whatisthepurposeofafirewallinanetwork?A.ToincreasenetworkspeedB.TopreventunauthorizedaccessC.TostorenetworkdataD.Tomonitornetworktraffic8.Whichofthefollowingisaprotocolusedforsecureemailcommunication?A.SMTPB.POP3C.IMAPD.TLS9.Whatisthedefaultgatewayaddressinanetwork?A.TheIPaddressofthelocalmachineB.TheIPaddressofthenetworkprinterC.TheIPaddressoftherouterD.TheIPaddressoftheDNSserver10.Whichofthefollowingisatypeofwirelessnetworkstandard?A.BluetoothB.Wi-FiC.EthernetD.USB11.WhatisthepurposeofDNSinanetwork?A.ToprovideinternetaccessB.TotranslatedomainnamesintoIPaddressesC.ToencryptdataD.Toslowdownnetworktraffic12.Whichofthefollowingisaprotocolusedforremoteaccesstoanetwork?A.SSHB.FTPC.TelnetD.SNMP13.Whatisthemaximumtransmissionunit(MTU)inanetwork?A.ThelargestamountofdatathatcanbetransmittedinasinglepacketB.ThesmallestamountofdatathatcanbetransmittedinasinglepacketC.ThenumberofdevicesthatcanbeconnectedtoanetworkD.Thespeedofthenetworkconnection14.Whichofthefollowingisalayer3protocolusedforroutingpacketsbetweennetworks?A.TCPB.UDPC.IPD.Ethernet15.Whatisthepurposeofasubnetmaskinanetwork?A.ToprovideinternetaccessB.TodivideanetworkintosmallersegmentsC.ToencryptdataD.Toslowdownnetworktraffic16.Whichofthefollowingisaprotocolusedforfiletransfer?A.HTTPB.FTPC.SMTPD.DNS17.WhatisthepurposeofaDHCPserverinanetwork?A.ToprovideinternetaccessB.ToassignIPaddressestodevicesonanetworkC.ToencryptdataD.Toslowdownnetworktraffic18.Whichofthefollowingisatypeofnetworktopology?A.StarB.BusC.RingD.Alloftheabove19.Whatisthepurposeofanetworkswitchinanetwork?A.ToprovideinternetaccessB.ToconnectmultipledevicestogetherC.ToencryptdataD.Toslowdownnetworktraffic20.Whichofthefollowingisaprotocolusedfornetworkmanagement?A.SNMPB.HTTPC.FTPD.SMTP21.Whatisthepurposeofanetworkcableinanetwork?A.ToprovideinternetaccessB.ToconnectdevicestogetherC.tostorenetworkdataD.Toslowdownnetworktraffic22.Whichofthefollowingisatypeofnetworksecuritydevice?A.FirewallB.RouterC.SwitchD.Hub23.Whatisthepurposeofanetworkbridgeinanetwork?A.ToprovideinternetaccessB.ToconnectmultiplenetworkstogetherC.ToencryptdataD.Toslowdownnetworktraffic24.WhichofthefollowingisaprotocolusedforvoiceoverIP(VoIP)communication?A.SIPB.RTPC.RTP/RTCPD.Alloftheabove25.Whatisthepurposeofanetworkhubinanetwork?A.ToprovideinternetaccessB.ToconnectmultipledevicestogetherC.ToencryptdataD.Toslowdownnetworktraffic26.Whichofthefollowingisatypeofnetworkcable?A.CoaxialcableB.FiberopticcableC.TwistedpaircableD.Alloftheabove27.Whatisthepurposeofanetworkprinterinanetwork?A.ToprovideinternetaccessB.ToprintdocumentsC.ToencryptdataD.Toslowdownnetworktraffic28.Whichofthefollowingisaprotocolusedforsecureshell(SSH)communication?A.TelnetB.FTPC.SSHD.SNMP29.Whatisthepurposeofanetworkfirewallinanetwork?A.ToprovideinternetaccessB.TopreventunauthorizedaccessC.ToencryptdataD.Toslowdownnetworktraffic30.Whichofthefollowingisatypeofnetworkdevice?A.RouterB.SwitchC.HubD.Alloftheabove二、多項(xiàng)選擇要求：仔細(xì)閱讀每個(gè)句子，從四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳答案，每題只有一個(gè)正確答案，共10小題，每題2分，共20分。1.WhichofthefollowingarelayersintheOSImodel?A.PhysicallayerB.DatalinklayerC.NetworklayerD.Applicationlayer2.Whichofthefollowingareprotocolsusedforsecurecommunication?A.HTTPSB.FTPSC.SSHD.Telnet3.Whichofthefollowingaretypesofnetworktopologies?A.StarB.BusC.RingD.Mesh4.Whichofthefollowingarefunctionsofarouter?A.ToprovideinternetaccessB.ToconnectmultiplenetworkstogetherC.ToroutepacketsbetweennetworksD.Toslowdownnetworktraffic5.Whichofthefollowingaretypesofnetworkcables?A.CoaxialcableB.FiberopticcableC.TwistedpaircableD.Wirelesscable6.Whichofthefollowingareprotocolsusedfornetworkmanagement?A.SNMPB.ICMPC.ARPD.DNS7.Whichofthefollowingarefunctionsofaswitch?A.ToconnectmultipledevicestogetherB.TofilterandforwarddatapacketsC.ToprovideinternetaccessD.Toslowdownnetworktraffic8.Whichofthefollowingaretypesofnetworksecuritydevices?A.FirewallB.RouterC.SwitchD.Hub9.Whichofthefollowingareprotocolsusedforremoteaccesstoanetwork?A.SSHB.FTPC.TelnetD.SNMP10.Whichofthefollowingarefunctionsofanetworkhub?A.ToconnectmultipledevicestogetherB.TobroadcastdatapacketstoallconnecteddevicesC.ToprovideinternetaccessD.Toslowdownnetworktraffic三、填空題要求：請(qǐng)根據(jù)句子的意思，在橫線上填寫(xiě)合適的單詞，每空1分，共30分。1.Theprocessofdividingalargenetworkintosmaller,moremanageablesegmentsisknownas________.2.Theacronym"IP"standsfor________.3.Arouterisusedto________multiplenetworkstogether.4.Thelayer2protocolusedforswitchingEthernetnetworksis________.5.A/24subnetmaskallowsfor________subnets.6.ThedefaultgatewayaddressistheIPaddressofthe________.7.Theprotocolusedforsecureemailcommunicationis________.8.ThepurposeofDNSistotranslatedomainnamesinto________.9.Theprotocolusedforremoteaccesstoanetworkis________.10.Themaximumtransmissionunit(MTU)isthelargestamountofdatathatcanbetransmittedinasingle________.11.Theprotocolusedforroutingpacketsbetweennetworksis________.12.Asubnetmaskisusedtodivideanetworkintosmaller________.13.Theprotocolusedforfiletransferis________.14.ADHCPserverisusedtoassignIPaddressestodevicesona________.15.Astarnetworktopologyhasalldevicesconnectedtoacentral________.16.Thepurposeofanetworkswitchistoconnectmultipledevicestogether.17.Afirewallisusedto________unauthorizedaccess.18.Theprotocolusedforsecureshell(SSH)communicationis________.19.Anetworkhubisusedtoconnectmultipledevicestogetherandbroadcastdatapacketstoallconnecteddevices.20.TheOSImodelhas________layers.21.ThephysicallayeroftheOSImodelisresponsiblefortransmittingrawbitstreamsoveraphysicalmedium.22.ThedatalinklayeroftheOSImodelisresponsibleforprovidingnode-to-nodedatatransfer.23.ThenetworklayeroftheOSImodelisresponsibleforpacketroutingthroughmultiplenetworks.24.TheapplicationlayeroftheOSImodelisthelayerclosesttotheenduser.25.HTTPSisaprotocolusedforsecurecommunicationoverthe________.26.FTPSisaprotocolusedforsecurefiletransferoverthe________.27.SNMPisaprotocolusedfornetworkmanagementand________.28.ICMPisaprotocolusedforsendingerrormessagesand________.29.ARPisaprotocolusedforresolvingIPaddressestoMACaddresses.30.DNSisaprotocolusedfortranslatingdomainnamesintoIPaddressesandviceversa.四、簡(jiǎn)答題要求：請(qǐng)根據(jù)問(wèn)題的要求，簡(jiǎn)要回答每個(gè)問(wèn)題，每題5分，共50分。1.Whatisthedifferencebetweenahubandaswitch?2.Explainthepurposeofasubnetmask.3.Describethefunctionofarouterinanetwork.4.WhatisthepurposeofDNSinanetwork?5.ExplainthedifferencebetweenTCPandUDP.6.Whatisthepurposeofafirewallinanetwork?7.DescribethefunctionofaDHCPserverinanetwork.8.WhatistheOSImodelandwhatareitslayers?9.Explainthedifferencebetweenastarandabusnetworktopology.10.Whatisthepurposeofanetworkbridgeinanetwork?本次試卷答案如下一、單項(xiàng)選擇答案及解析1.A.Networksegmentation解析：網(wǎng)絡(luò)分割是描述將大型網(wǎng)絡(luò)劃分為更小、更易于管理段的術(shù)語(yǔ)。選項(xiàng)B是網(wǎng)絡(luò)橋接，選項(xiàng)C是網(wǎng)絡(luò)路由，選項(xiàng)D是網(wǎng)絡(luò)廣播，這些都不符合題意。2.A.InternetProtocol解析：IP是網(wǎng)絡(luò)中使用的縮寫(xiě)，代表互聯(lián)網(wǎng)協(xié)議。選項(xiàng)B是互聯(lián)網(wǎng)提供者，選項(xiàng)C是人際協(xié)議，選項(xiàng)D是內(nèi)部協(xié)議，這些都不正確。3.B.Toconnectmultiplenetworkstogether解析：路由器在網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的主要功能是連接多個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)。選項(xiàng)A是提供互聯(lián)網(wǎng)訪問(wèn)，選項(xiàng)C是加密數(shù)據(jù)，選項(xiàng)D是減慢網(wǎng)絡(luò)流量，這些都不是路由器的首要功能。4.C.Ethernet解析：以太網(wǎng)是用于交換以太網(wǎng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的第二層協(xié)議。選項(xiàng)A是TCP，選項(xiàng)B是UDP，選項(xiàng)D是IP，這些都不是第二層協(xié)議。5.C.256解析：/24子網(wǎng)掩碼可以創(chuàng)建256個(gè)子網(wǎng)。選項(xiàng)A是2，選項(xiàng)B是4，選項(xiàng)D是16，這些都不正確。6.C.80解析：80端口是用于網(wǎng)頁(yè)流量的一種常用端口。選項(xiàng)A是20，選項(xiàng)B是21，選項(xiàng)D是110，這些都不是網(wǎng)頁(yè)流量的常用端口。7.B.Topreventunauthorizedaccess解析：防火墻在網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的主要目的是防止未經(jīng)授權(quán)的訪問(wèn)。選項(xiàng)A是增加網(wǎng)絡(luò)速度，選項(xiàng)C是存儲(chǔ)網(wǎng)絡(luò)數(shù)據(jù)，選項(xiàng)D是監(jiān)控網(wǎng)絡(luò)流量，這些都不是防火墻的主要功能。8.D.TLS解析：TLS是一種用于安全電子郵件通信的協(xié)議。選項(xiàng)A是SMTP，選項(xiàng)B是POP3，選項(xiàng)C是IMAP，這些都不是用于安全電子郵件通信的協(xié)議。9.C.TheIPaddressoftherouter解析：默認(rèn)網(wǎng)關(guān)地址是網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的路由器地址。選項(xiàng)A是本地機(jī)器的IP地址，選項(xiàng)B是網(wǎng)絡(luò)打印機(jī)的IP地址，選項(xiàng)D是DNS服務(wù)器的IP地址，這些都不正確。10.B.Wi-Fi解析：Wi-Fi是一種無(wú)線網(wǎng)絡(luò)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。選項(xiàng)A是藍(lán)牙，選項(xiàng)C是以太網(wǎng)，選項(xiàng)D是USB，這些都不是無(wú)線網(wǎng)絡(luò)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。11.B.TotranslatedomainnamesintoIPaddresses解析：DNS在網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的主要目的是將域名轉(zhuǎn)換為IP地址。選項(xiàng)A是提供互聯(lián)網(wǎng)訪問(wèn)，選項(xiàng)C是加密數(shù)據(jù)，選項(xiàng)D是減慢網(wǎng)絡(luò)流量，這些都不正確。12.A.SSH解析：SSH是一種用于遠(yuǎn)程訪問(wèn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的協(xié)議。選項(xiàng)B是FTP，選項(xiàng)C是Telnet，選項(xiàng)D是SNMP，這些都不是用于遠(yuǎn)程訪問(wèn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的協(xié)議。13.A.Thelargestamountofdatathatcanbetransmittedinasinglepacket解析：MTU是在網(wǎng)絡(luò)中可以傳輸?shù)淖畲髷?shù)據(jù)量，即單個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)包。選項(xiàng)B是最小數(shù)據(jù)量，選項(xiàng)C是連接到網(wǎng)絡(luò)的最大設(shè)備數(shù)量，選項(xiàng)D是網(wǎng)絡(luò)連接速度，這些都不正確。14.C.IP解析：IP是一種用于在網(wǎng)絡(luò)之間路由數(shù)據(jù)包的第三層協(xié)議。選項(xiàng)A是TCP，選項(xiàng)B是UDP，選項(xiàng)D是Ethernet，這些都不是第三層協(xié)議。15.B.Todivideanetworkintosmallersegments解析：子網(wǎng)掩碼用于將網(wǎng)絡(luò)劃分為更小的段。選項(xiàng)A是提供互聯(lián)網(wǎng)訪問(wèn)，選項(xiàng)C是加密數(shù)據(jù)，選項(xiàng)D是減慢網(wǎng)絡(luò)流量，這些都不正確。16.B.FTP解析：FTP是一種用于文件傳輸?shù)膮f(xié)議。選項(xiàng)A是HTTP，選項(xiàng)C是SMTP，選項(xiàng)D是DNS，這些都不是用于文件傳輸?shù)膮f(xié)議。17.B.ToassignIPaddressestodevicesonanetwork解析：DHCP服務(wù)器用于在網(wǎng)絡(luò)上的設(shè)備分配IP地址。選項(xiàng)A是提供互聯(lián)網(wǎng)訪問(wèn)，選項(xiàng)C是加密數(shù)據(jù)，選項(xiàng)D是減慢網(wǎng)絡(luò)流量，這些都不正確。18.D.Alloftheabove解析：星型、總線型和環(huán)形都是網(wǎng)絡(luò)拓?fù)漕?lèi)型。選項(xiàng)A是星型，選項(xiàng)B是總線型，選項(xiàng)C是環(huán)形，這些都是網(wǎng)絡(luò)拓?fù)漕?lèi)型。19.B.Toconnectmultipledevicestogether解析：網(wǎng)絡(luò)交換機(jī)的主要功能是連接多個(gè)設(shè)備。選項(xiàng)A是提供互聯(lián)網(wǎng)訪問(wèn)，選項(xiàng)C是加密數(shù)據(jù)，選項(xiàng)D是減慢網(wǎng)絡(luò)流量，這些都不是交換機(jī)的首要功能。20.A.SNMP解析：SNMP是一種用于網(wǎng)絡(luò)管理的協(xié)議。選項(xiàng)B是HTTP，選項(xiàng)C是FTP，選項(xiàng)D是SMTP，這些都不是用于網(wǎng)絡(luò)管理的協(xié)議。21.B.Toconnectdevicestogether解析：網(wǎng)絡(luò)電纜用于連接設(shè)備。選項(xiàng)A是提供互聯(lián)網(wǎng)訪問(wèn)，選項(xiàng)C是存儲(chǔ)網(wǎng)絡(luò)數(shù)據(jù)，選項(xiàng)D是減慢網(wǎng)絡(luò)流量，這些都不正確。22.A.Firewall解析：防火墻是一種常見(jiàn)的網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全設(shè)備。選項(xiàng)B是路由器，選項(xiàng)C是交換機(jī)，選項(xiàng)D是集線器，這些都不是網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全設(shè)備。23.B.Toconnectmultiplenetworkstogether解析：網(wǎng)絡(luò)橋接的主要功能是連接多個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)。選項(xiàng)A是提供互聯(lián)網(wǎng)訪問(wèn)，選項(xiàng)C是加密數(shù)據(jù)，選項(xiàng)D是減慢網(wǎng)絡(luò)流量，這些都不正確。24.D.Alloftheabove解析：SIP、RTP和RTP/RTCP都是用于VoIP通信的協(xié)議。選項(xiàng)A是SIP，選項(xiàng)B是RTP，選項(xiàng)C是RTP/RTCP，這些都是VoIP通信協(xié)議。25.B.Toconnectmultipledevicestogether解析：網(wǎng)絡(luò)集線器用于連接多個(gè)設(shè)備。選項(xiàng)A是提供互聯(lián)網(wǎng)訪問(wèn)，選項(xiàng)C是加密數(shù)據(jù)，選項(xiàng)D是減慢網(wǎng)絡(luò)流量，這些都不正確。26.D.Alloftheabove解析：同軸電纜、光纖電纜和雙絞線電纜都是網(wǎng)絡(luò)電纜類(lèi)型。選項(xiàng)A是同軸電纜，選項(xiàng)B是光纖電纜，選項(xiàng)C是雙絞線電纜，這些都是網(wǎng)絡(luò)電纜類(lèi)型。27.B.Toprintdocuments解析：網(wǎng)絡(luò)打印機(jī)用于打印文檔。選項(xiàng)A是提供互聯(lián)網(wǎng)訪問(wèn)，選項(xiàng)C是加密數(shù)據(jù)，選項(xiàng)D是減慢網(wǎng)絡(luò)流量，這些都不正確。28.C.SSH解析：SSH是一種用于安全外殼通信的協(xié)議。選項(xiàng)A是Telnet，選項(xiàng)B是FTP，選項(xiàng)C是SSH，選項(xiàng)D是SNMP，這些都不是用于安全外殼通信的協(xié)議。29.B.Topreventunauthorizedaccess解析：網(wǎng)絡(luò)防火墻的主要功能是防止未經(jīng)授權(quán)的訪問(wèn)。選項(xiàng)A是提供互聯(lián)網(wǎng)訪問(wèn)，選項(xiàng)C是加密數(shù)據(jù)，選項(xiàng)D是減慢網(wǎng)絡(luò)流量，這些都不是防火墻的主要功能。30.D.Alloftheabove解析：路由器、交換機(jī)和集線器都是網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)備。選項(xiàng)A是路由器，選項(xiàng)B是交換機(jī)，選項(xiàng)C是集線器，這些都是網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)備。二、多項(xiàng)選擇答案及解析1.A.PhysicallayerB.DatalinklayerC.NetworklayerD.Applicationlayer解析：OSI模型包括物理層、數(shù)據(jù)鏈路層、網(wǎng)絡(luò)層和應(yīng)用層。這些都是OSI模型的層次。2.A.HTTPSB.FTPSC.SSHD.Telnet解析：HTTPS、FTPS和SSH都是用于安全通信的協(xié)議。選項(xiàng)A是HTTPS，選項(xiàng)B是FTPS，選項(xiàng)C是SSH，選項(xiàng)D是Telnet，這些都是用于安全通信的協(xié)議。3.A.StarB.BusC.RingD.Mesh解析：星型、總線型、環(huán)形和網(wǎng)狀都是網(wǎng)絡(luò)拓?fù)漕?lèi)型。選項(xiàng)A是星型，選項(xiàng)B是總線型，選項(xiàng)C是環(huán)形，選項(xiàng)D是網(wǎng)狀，這些都是網(wǎng)絡(luò)拓?fù)漕?lèi)型。4.A.ToprovideinternetaccessB.ToconnectmultiplenetworkstogetherC.ToroutepacketsbetweennetworksD.Toslowdownnetworktraffic解析：路由器的功能包括提供互聯(lián)網(wǎng)訪問(wèn)、連接多個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)和在網(wǎng)絡(luò)之間路由數(shù)據(jù)包。選項(xiàng)A是提供互聯(lián)網(wǎng)訪問(wèn)，選項(xiàng)B是連接多個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)，選項(xiàng)C是路由數(shù)據(jù)包，選項(xiàng)D是減慢網(wǎng)絡(luò)流量，這些都是路由器的功能。5.A.CoaxialcableB.FiberopticcableC.TwistedpaircableD.Wirelesscable解析：同軸電纜、光纖電纜、雙絞線電纜和無(wú)線電纜都是網(wǎng)絡(luò)電纜類(lèi)型。選項(xiàng)A是同軸電纜，選項(xiàng)B是光纖電纜，選項(xiàng)C是雙絞線電纜，選項(xiàng)D是無(wú)線電纜，這些都是網(wǎng)絡(luò)電纜類(lèi)型。6.A.SNMPB.ICMPC.ARPD.DNS解析：SNMP、ICMP和ARP都是用于網(wǎng)絡(luò)管理的協(xié)議。選項(xiàng)A是SNMP，選項(xiàng)B是ICMP，選項(xiàng)C是ARP，選項(xiàng)D是DNS，這些都是用于網(wǎng)絡(luò)管理的協(xié)議。7.A.ToconnectmultipledevicestogetherB.TofilterandforwarddatapacketsC.ToprovideinternetaccessD.Toslowdownnetworktraffic解析：交換機(jī)的功能包括連接多個(gè)設(shè)備、過(guò)濾和轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)數(shù)據(jù)包。選項(xiàng)A是連接多個(gè)設(shè)備，選項(xiàng)B是過(guò)濾和轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)數(shù)據(jù)包，選項(xiàng)C是提供互聯(lián)網(wǎng)訪問(wèn)，選項(xiàng)D是減慢網(wǎng)絡(luò)流量，這些都是交換機(jī)的功能。8.A.FirewallB.RouterC.SwitchD.Hub解析：防火墻、路由器、交換機(jī)和集線器都是網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全設(shè)備。選項(xiàng)A是防火墻，選項(xiàng)B是路由器，選項(xiàng)C是交換機(jī)，選項(xiàng)D是集線器，這些都是網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全設(shè)備。9.A.SSHB.FTPC.TelnetD.SNMP解析：SSH、FTP和Telnet都是用于遠(yuǎn)程訪問(wèn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的協(xié)議。選項(xiàng)A是SSH，選項(xiàng)B是FTP，選項(xiàng)C是Telnet，選項(xiàng)D是SNMP，這些都是用于遠(yuǎn)程訪問(wèn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的協(xié)議。10.A.ToconnectmultipledevicestogetherB.TobroadcastdatapacketstoallconnecteddevicesC.ToprovideinternetaccessD.Toslowdownnetworktraffic解析：網(wǎng)絡(luò)集線器的功能包括連接多個(gè)設(shè)備和向所有連接的設(shè)備廣播數(shù)據(jù)包。選項(xiàng)A是連接多個(gè)設(shè)備，選項(xiàng)B是廣播數(shù)據(jù)包，選項(xiàng)C是提供互聯(lián)網(wǎng)訪問(wèn)，選項(xiàng)D是減慢網(wǎng)絡(luò)流量，這些都是網(wǎng)絡(luò)集線器的功能。三、填空題答案及解析1.Networksegmentation解析：網(wǎng)絡(luò)分割是描述將大型網(wǎng)絡(luò)劃分為更小、更易于管理段的術(shù)語(yǔ)。2.InternetProtocol解析：IP是網(wǎng)絡(luò)中使用的縮寫(xiě)，代表互聯(lián)網(wǎng)協(xié)議。3.Toconnectmultiplenetworkstogether解析：路由器用于連接多個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)。4.Ethernet解析：以太網(wǎng)是用于交換以太網(wǎng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的第二層協(xié)議。5.256解析：/24子網(wǎng)掩碼可以創(chuàng)建256個(gè)子網(wǎng)。6.Therouter解析：默認(rèn)網(wǎng)關(guān)地址是網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的路由器地址。7.SMTP解析：SMTP是用于安全電子郵件通信的協(xié)議。8.IPaddresses解析：DNS將域名轉(zhuǎn)換為IP地址。9.SSH解析：SSH是用于遠(yuǎn)程訪問(wèn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的協(xié)議。10.Packet解析：MTU是單個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)包可以傳輸?shù)淖畲髷?shù)據(jù)量。11.IP解析：IP是用于在網(wǎng)絡(luò)之間路由數(shù)據(jù)包的第三層協(xié)議。12.Segments解析：子網(wǎng)掩碼用于將網(wǎng)絡(luò)劃分為更小的段。13.FTP解析：FTP是用于文件傳輸?shù)膮f(xié)議。14.Network解析：DHCP服務(wù)器用于在網(wǎng)絡(luò)上的設(shè)備分配IP地址。15.Hub解析：星型網(wǎng)絡(luò)拓?fù)溆兴性O(shè)備連接到中央集線器。16.Toconnectmultipledevicestogether解析：網(wǎng)絡(luò)交換機(jī)用于連接多個(gè)設(shè)備。17.Topreventunauthorizedaccess解析：防火墻用于防止未經(jīng)授權(quán)的訪問(wèn)。18.SSH解析：SSH是用于安全外殼通信的協(xié)議。19.Toconnectmultipledevicestogetherandbroadcastdatapacketstoallconnecteddevices解析：網(wǎng)絡(luò)集線器用于連接多個(gè)設(shè)備并向所有連接的設(shè)備廣播數(shù)據(jù)包。20.Seven解析：OSI模型有七層。21.ThephysicallayeroftheOSImodelisresponsiblefortransmittingrawbitstreamsoveraphysicalmedium解析：OSI模型的物理層負(fù)責(zé)在物理介質(zhì)上傳輸原始比特流。22.ThedatalinklayeroftheOSImodelisresponsibleforprovidingnode-to-nodedatatransfer解析：OSI模型的數(shù)據(jù)鏈路層負(fù)責(zé)提供節(jié)點(diǎn)到節(jié)點(diǎn)的數(shù)據(jù)傳輸。23.ThenetworklayeroftheOSImodelisresponsibleforpacketroutingthroughmultiplenetworks解析：OSI模型的網(wǎng)絡(luò)層負(fù)責(zé)通過(guò)多個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)路由數(shù)據(jù)包。24.TheapplicationlayeroftheOSImodelisthelayerclosesttotheenduser解析：OSI模型的應(yīng)用層是靠近最終用戶(hù)的一層。25.Theinternet解析：HTTPS是一種用于在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上安全通信的協(xié)議。26.Theinternet解析：FTPS是一種用于在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上安全文件傳輸?shù)膮f(xié)議。27.Tomonitornetworktraffic解析：SNMP是一種用于網(wǎng)絡(luò)管理和監(jiān)控網(wǎng)絡(luò)流量的協(xié)議。28.Tosenderrormessages解析：ICMP是一種用于發(fā)送錯(cuò)誤消息和報(bào)告網(wǎng)絡(luò)問(wèn)題的協(xié)議。29.ARPisaprotocolusedforresolvingIPaddressestoMACaddresses解析：ARP是一種用于將IP地址解析為MAC地址的協(xié)議。30.DNSisaprotocolusedfortranslatingdomainnamesintoIPaddressesandviceversa解析：DNS是一種用于將域名轉(zhuǎn)換為IP地址以及反向轉(zhuǎn)換的協(xié)議。四、簡(jiǎn)答題答案及解析1.Whatisthedifferencebetweenahubandaswitch?解析：集線器是一種網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)備，它將所有連接到它的設(shè)備之間的數(shù)據(jù)廣播到所有其他設(shè)備。交換機(jī)則是一種更高級(jí)的網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)備，它可以智能地將數(shù)據(jù)包從源設(shè)備轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)到目標(biāo)設(shè)備，而不是廣播到所有設(shè)備。交換機(jī)可以提供更好的性能和更高的安全性，因?yàn)樗鼈兛梢詼p少網(wǎng)絡(luò)擁塞并防止未經(jīng)授權(quán)的訪問(wèn)。2.Explainthepurposeofasubnetmask.解析：子網(wǎng)掩碼用