2024年6月全國大學(xué)英語四級考試練習(xí)題和答案寫作部分Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessayontheimpactofartificialintelligence(AI)oncollegestudents'learning.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.Intheeraofrapidtechnologicaladvancement,artificialintelligencehaspermeatedeveryaspectofeducation,significantlyalteringthelearningpatternsofcollegestudents.WhileAIoffersunprecedentedopportunitiesforpersonalizedandefficientlearning,italsoraisesconcernsaboutover-relianceandthepotentialerosionofcriticalthinking.Onthepositiveside,AI-poweredtoolshaverevolutionizedaccesstoeducationalresources.Intelligenttutoringsystems,forinstance,cananalyzestudents'learningbehaviors,identifyknowledgegaps,anddelivercustomizedstudyplans.PlatformslikeAI-drivenlanguagepracticeappsprovidereal-timefeedbackonpronunciationandgrammar,enablingstudentstoimprovetheirskillsattheirownpace.Additionally,AIenhancescollaboration:virtualstudyassistantscanorganizegroupdiscussions,summarizekeypoints,andevensimulatedebatesoncomplextopics,fosteringinteractivelearningthattranscendstraditionalclassroomboundaries.However,theproliferationofAIinlearningisnotwithoutdrawbacks.SomestudentsmaybecomeoverlydependentonAItools,neglectingthedevelopmentoffundamentalskillssuchasmanualresearchorcriticalanalysis.Forexample,relyingonAItogenerateessaysorsolvemathproblemswithoutunderstandingtheunderlyinglogiccanhinderdeeplearning.Moreover,theaccuracyofAI-generatedcontentremainsaconcern.MisinformationorbiaseddatainAIalgorithmsmightleadtomisleadingconclusions,especiallyindisciplinesrequiringpreciseknowledge,likescienceorlaw.Inconclusion,AIisadouble-edgedswordforcollegestudents'learning.Tomaximizeitsbenefits,studentsshouldviewAIasasupplementarytoolratherthanasubstituteforactivethinking.BalancingtechnologicalassistancewithhumaneffortwillensurethatAIenhances,ratherthandiminishes,thequalityofeducation.聽力部分SectionA(NewsReports)NewsReport1The2024GlobalClimateActionSummitconcludedinParislastweekwiththeadoptionofthe"ParisPlusAgreement,"alandmarkdealaimedatacceleratingglobaleffortstocombatclimatechange.Unlikethe2015ParisAgreement,whichfocusedonnationalemissionreductiontargets,thenewagreementintroducesmandatorycorporatecarbonaccounting.Companieswithannualrevenuesexceeding$1billionwillberequiredtoreporttheirgreenhousegasemissionsandsetscience-basedreductiongoals.Delegatesfrom192countriesparticipatedinthesummit,withdevelopingnationsemphasizingtheneedforfinancialsupporttotransitiontogreenenergy.UNSecretary-GeneralAntonioGuterrespraisedtheagreementas"acriticalsteptowardholdingbothgovernmentsandcorporationsaccountable."1.WhatisthemainfocusoftheParisPlusAgreement?A)SettingnationalemissiontargetsB)MandatingcorporatecarbonaccountingC)ProvidingfinancialaidtodevelopingcountriesD)Promotinginternationalcooperationonrenewableenergy2.Whichcompaniesarerequiredtoreportemissionsunderthenewagreement?A)AllmultinationalcorporationsB)Companieswithrevenuesover$500millionC)Firmswithannualrevenuesexceeding$1billionD)State-ownedenterprisesindevelopingcountriesNewsReport2ThecityofHangzhouhaslaunchedanewsharedelectricscooterprogramtoeaseurbantrafficcongestionandreduceairpollution.Theprogram,operatedbyalocaltechcompany,willinitiallydeploy10,000scootersacross500dockingstationsinthecitycenter.Userscanrentthescootersviaamobileapp,withfeesstartingat2yuanforthefirst15minutesand0.5yuanperadditionalminute.Toensuresafety,ridersmustbeatleast16yearsold,wearhelmets(providedwitheachscooter),andavoidridingonsidewalks.Earlyfeedbackfromusersindicateshighsatisfaction,withmanypraisingtheconvenienceofshort-distancetravel.However,someresidentshaveexpressedconcernsaboutscooterclutter,promptingthecitytopromisestricterenforcementofparkingregulations.3.WhatistheprimarypurposeofHangzhou'ssharedscooterprogram?A)TopromoteelectricvehiclesalesB)ToreducetrafficjamsandpollutionC)Tocompetewithride-hailingservicesD)Toprovideemploymentopportunities4.Whatrequirementismentionedforscooterriders?A)Theymusthaveadriver'slicenseB)Theyneedtobeatleast18yearsoldC)TheyarerequiredtowearprovidedhelmetsD)TheyshouldparkscootersonlyathomeNewsReport3TsinghuaUniversityhasintroducedanewcoursetitled"EthicsofArtificialIntelligence"toaddressthegrowingneedforresponsibleAIdevelopment.Thecourse,opentostudentsfromallmajors,coverstopicssuchasalgorithmicbias,dataprivacy,andthesocialimpactofAIinhealthcareandeducation.ProfessorLiMing,thecourseinstructor,explainedthat"AIisadvancingfasterthanourabilitytoregulateit,soit’scrucialforfutureinnovatorstounderstandtheethicalimplications."Surveysshowthat85%ofenrolledstudentsfindthecourse"enlightening,"withmanynotingthatithaschangedtheirperspectiveonAIdesign.Theuniversityplanstoexpandthecoursetoothercampusesnextyear.5.WhatisthemainobjectiveofTsinghua'snewAIethicscourse?A)TotrainAIengineersB)ToaddressresponsibleAIdevelopmentC)ToimprovedataanalysisskillsD)TopromoteAIapplicationsinhealthcareSectionB(LongConversations)Conversation1W:Hi,John!Iheardyougotaninternshipofferatatechcompany.Howdidtheinterviewgo?M:Itwastoughbutrewarding.ThecompanyfocusesonAI-driveneducationtools,sotheyaskedalotaboutmyexperiencewitheducationaltechnology.W:Whatkindofquestionsdidtheyask?M:First,theywantedtoknowwhyIwasinterestedinthisfield.ImentionedmyprojectonusingAItohelpstudentswithlearningdisabilities,whichIdidinmythirdyear.Then,theyaskedaboutmyteamworkskills—likeatimewhenIhadtoresolveaconflictinagroup.W:Didtheytalkaboutspecificskills?M:Yes!Theyemphasizeddataanalysisbecausetheinternshipinvolvestrackinguserbehavior.I’mgladItookthatstatisticscourselastsemester.Oh,andtheyalsocaredaboutcommunicationskillssinceI’llbeworkingwithbothtechandeducationteams.W:Thatmakessense.Anyadviceforsomeoneapplyingtosimilarinternships?M:Definitelyhighlightrelevantprojects,evenifthey’reclassassignments.Andpracticeexplainingtechnicalconceptsinsimpleterms—theyhatejargon!6.Whatisthecompanymentionedintheconversationfocusedon?A)MedicalAIB)AIineducationC)E-commerceplatformsD)Socialmediaalgorithms7.Whatskilldidthecompanyemphasizefortheinternship?A)PublicspeakingB)DataanalysisC)GraphicdesignD)ForeignlanguageConversation2W:Hello,customerservice?Ineedtoreportaproblemwithmyrecentdelivery.M:I’msorrytohearthat,ma’am.Couldyoutellmewhathappened?W:Iorderedasetofglasswarethreedaysago,butwhenitarrived,theboxwasbadlydamaged.Twoglasseswerebroken,andoneplatehadacrack.M:Iapologizefortheinconvenience.Letmecheckyourordernumber...Yes,weshowitwasdeliveredyesterday.Fordamageditems,wecaneithersendareplacementorofferafullrefund.Whichwouldyouprefer?W:Areplacement,please.Ineedtheglasswareforapartythisweekend.M:Understood.We’llarrangeapickupofthedamageditemstomorrowmorningandsendanewsetviaexpressdelivery.ItshouldarrivebyFriday.Ascompensation,we’llcredityouraccountwith50yuan.W:Thatsoundsacceptable.Thankyouforhandlingthisquickly.8.Whatwastheproblemwiththedelivery?A)ThepackagewasmissingB)ItemsweredamagedC)DeliverywasdelayedD)Wrongitemsweresent9.Whatcompensationdidthecustomerreceive?A)AfreegiftB)A50-yuancreditC)AdiscountonnextpurchaseD)FreeexpressdeliverySectionC(Passages)Passage1ArecentstudypublishedinNatureNeuroscienceexplorestherelationshipbetweensleepandmemoryconsolidation.ResearchersattheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley,monitored100collegestudentsoveratwo-weekperiod.Participantswereaskedtolearnaseriesofvocabularywordsintheevening;halfwerethenallowedtosleepnormally,whiletheotherhalfstayedawakeallnight.Thenextmorning,bothgroupsweretestedontheirrecall.Theresultsshowedthatthesleepinggroupremembered30%morewordsthantheawakegroup.Furtheranalysisusingbrainscansrevealedthatdeepsleep(specificallyslow-wavesleep)activatesthehippocampus,abrainregioncriticalfortransferringshort-termmemoriestolong-termstorage.Theleadresearcher,Dr.SarahChen,advisesstudentstoprioritizesleepoverall-nighters,stating,"Evenafewhoursofqualitysleepcansignificantlyboostyourabilitytoretainnewinformation."10.Whatdidthestudyfocuson?A)TheeffectofdietonmemoryB)SleepandmemoryconsolidationC)TheimpactofstressonlearningD)Brainactivityduringexercise11.Whatpercentagemorewordsdidthesleepinggroupremember?A)10%B)20%C)30%D)40%Passage2Volunteeringhasbecomeincreasinglypopularamongcollegestudents,withmanyuniversitiesintegratingvolunteerworkintotheircurriculum.AsurveybytheNationalStudentVolunteerCenterfoundthat78%ofstudentswhoparticipatedinvolunteeractivitiesreportedimprovedcommunicationskills,while65%saidithelpedthemclarifytheircareergoals.Commonvolunteerrolesincludeteachinginruralschools,organizingcommunityhealthcampaigns,andassistingatenvironmentalprotectionevents.ProfessorLiufromPekingUniversitynotesthat"volunteeringprovideshands-onexperiencethatclassroomlearningcan’treplace.Itteachesempathy,responsibility,andthevalueofcontributingtosociety."Forfreshmen,startingwithsmall,localprojectsisrecommendedtobuildconfidencebeforetakingonlargercommitments.12.Whatbenefitofvolunteeringismentionedformoststudents?A)ImprovedcommunicationskillsB)HigheracademicgradesC)MorejoboffersD)Betterphysicalhealth13.WhatdoesProfessorLiusayaboutvolunteering?A)ItshouldreplaceclassroomlearningB)ItteachesempathyandresponsibilityC)ItisonlysuitableforseniorstudentsD)ItrequireslargetimecommitmentsPassage3Foodwasteisaglobalissue,withapproximately1.3billiontonsoffooddiscardedannually.Inhouseholds,themaincausesofwasteareoverbuying,poormealplanning,andmisunderstanding"bestbefore"dates.Toaddressthis,manyfamiliesareadoptingstrategieslikemealprepping,usingleftoverstomakenewdishes,andstoringfoodproperly.Restaurantsarealsotakingaction:someoffersmallerportionsizes,whileothersdonateunsoldfoodtocharities.Atthecommunitylevel,"foodrescue"programscollectsurplusfoodfromsupermarketsanddistributeittolow-incomefamilies.ArecentreportbytheUnitedNationsestimatesthatifthesemeasuresarewidelyadopted,globalfoodwastecouldbereducedby50%withinadecade.14.Whatisacommoncauseofhouseholdfoodwaste?A)ExpensivefoodpricesB)OverbuyinggroceriesC)LackofcookingskillsD)Limitedrefrigeratorspace15.Howcanrestaurantshelpreducefoodwasteaccordingtothepassage?A)ByraisingfoodpricesB)ByofferingsmallerportionsC)ByusingmorepackagingD)Bysellingexpiredfood閱讀部分SectionA(WordinContext)Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.Pleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitem.Urbangreenspaces,suchasparks,communitygardens,andtree-linedstreets,playa___16___roleinpromotingmentalhealth.ResearchfromtheUniversityofMichiganshowsthatspendingjust20minutesinagreenenvironmentcan___17___levelsofthestresshormonecortisolbyupto28%.Thisisbecausenature___18___ourattentioninagentleway,allowingtheprefrontalcortex—abrainregionassociatedwithdecision-makingandemotionregulation—torest.Inadditiontoreducingstress,greenspaces___19___socialinteraction.Parksoftenserveasgatheringplaceswhereresidentsofallagescanmeet,exercise,orattendcommunityevents.AstudyinTheLancetfoundthatneighborhoodswithmoregreeneryhadhigherlevelsof___20___support,whichislinkedtolowerratesofdepression.However,accesstogreenspacesisnot___21___.Low-incomecommunitiesoftenhavefewerparksandmoreconcretestructures,leadingtowhatresearcherscallthe"greengap."To___22___thisissue,citieslikeSingaporehaveimplementedpoliciestoensurethateveryresidentliveswithina10-minutewalkofapark.Theseeffortsnotonly___23___mentalhealthbutalsocontributetoenvironmentalsustainabilitybyabsorbingcarbondioxideandreducingurbanheatislands.Inconclusion,investinginurbangreenspacesisa___24___strategythatbenefitsbothindividualsandsociety.Asurbanizationcontinues,prioritizingnatureincityplanningwillbe___25___forbuildinghealthier,moreresilientcommunities.WordBank:A)accessibleB)addressC)criticalD)enhancesE)equalF)reducesG)socialH)significantI)sustainJ)capturesK)crucialL)mentalM)promoteN)emotionalO)physicalSectionB(InformationMatching)Directions:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.TheEvolutionofReadingintheDigitalAge[A]In2000,over80%ofcollegestudentspreferredreadingphysicalbooks,citingthetactileexperienceandlackofdistractions.By2024,thisnumberhasdroppedto45%,with55%optingfore-booksoronlinearticles.Thisshiftreflectsbroaderchangesinhowpeopleconsumeinformation,drivenbytheriseofsmartphones,e-readers,andsocialmedia.[B]E-booksofferundeniableadvantages:theyareportable,searchable,andoftencheaperthanprintbooks.A2023surveyfoundthat60%ofe-readerusershighlight"instantaccesstomillionsoftitles"astheirprimaryreasonforchoosingdigital.However,studiessuggestthatdeepreading—criticalanalysisofcomplextexts—maysuffer.AresearchteamatStanfordUniversitydiscoveredthatreadersofphysicalbooksretain30%moredetailsfromnarrativetextsthanthosereadingonscreens,possiblyduetothe"spatialmemory"associatedwithflippingpages.[C]Libraries,oncecentersofphysicalbooklending,havereinventedthemselvesasdigitalhubs.Manynowoffere-bookloans,onlineresearchdatabases,andvirtualreadingclubs.TheNewYorkPublicLibrary,forexample,sawa200%increaseindigitalresourceusageduringthe2020-2022pandemic.Librariansnowfocusonteaching"informationliteracy,"helpingusersevaluatethecredibilityofonlinesources—askillincreasinglyvitalintheageofmisinformation.[D]Socialmediahastransformedreadingintoasocialactivity.PlatformslikeGoodreadsandInstagramBookTok(asubcommunityofTikTokfocusedonbooks)allowuserstosharereviews,recommendtitles,andjoinvirtualbookclubs.AreportbyPewResearchindicatesthat40%ofyoungadultshavediscoverednewbooksthroughsocialmedia,comparedto15%adecadeago.However,thissocialdimensioncanalsoleadto"readingforlikes,"whereusersprioritizepopulartitlesoverpersonalinterests.[E]Thedeclineofprintbookshassparkeddebatesaboutculturalpreservation.Physicalbooksarenotjustobjects;theyarepartofaculturalheritage.Museumsandarchivesarenowinvestingindigitizationprojectstopreserverarebooks,ensuringthatevenifprintdisappears,thecontentremainsaccessible.Meanwhile,independentbookstoreshaveadaptedbyhostingauthorevents,workshops,andcoffeeshops,turningreadingintoan"experience"thatdigitalplatformscannotreplicate.[F]Forchildren,theimpactofdigitalreadingismixed.A2024studyinChildDevelopmentfoundthatpreschoolerswhoreadphysicalpicturebooksshowedbetterlanguagedevelopmentthanthoseusinge-bookswithinteractivefeatures(e.g.,animations,soundeffects).Theresearchershypothesizethatinteractiveelementsdistractfromthetext,reducingfocusonwordsandstories.However,digitaltoolscanengagereluctantreadersbyincorporatinggamesandquizzes,makinglearningmoredynamic.[G]Academicreadinghasalsobeenaffected.Professorsnowassignamixofprintanddigitalmaterials,withmanyusingonlineplatformslikeCanvastodistributearticlesandtrackstudentengagement.Students,inturn,useannotationtoolstohighlightkeypointsandaddnotestoe-books,afeaturenoteasilyreplicatedinphysicaltexts.However,someeducatorsworrythattheeaseofcopyingandpastingfromdigitalsourcesmayincreaseplagiarism,necessitatingstricterguidelinesoncitation.[H]Inconclusion,thedigitalagehasnoteliminatedreadingbuttransformedit.Frome-bookstosocialmediabookclubs,thewaywereadismorediversethanever.Whilechallengeslikereduceddeepreadingandmisinformationpersist,thesechangesalsooffernewopportunitiesforaccessibility,interaction,andinnovation.26.Physicalbookreaderstendtoremembermoredetailsfromstoriesthanthoseusingscreens.27.Socialmediahasbecomeamajorchannelforyoungadultstofindnewbooks.28.Librariesnowfocusonteachingusershowtoassessthereliabilityofonlineinformation.29.Preschoolersusinginteractivee-booksmayhaveweakerlanguagedevelopmentthanthosereadingphysicalpicturebooks.30.Independentbookstoreshaveaddedeventsandcafestocompetewithdigitalplatforms.31.E-booksarefavoredfortheirportabilityandtheabilitytoaccessalargenumberoftitlesquickly.32.Academicreadingnowinvolvesbothprintanddigitalmaterials,withtoolsforonlineannotation.33.Thepercentageofcollegestudentspreferringphysicalbookshasdecreasedbyover35%in24years.34.Museumsaredigitizingrarebookstopreserveculturalheritagedespitethedeclineofprint.35.Someworrythatdigitalreadingmayleadtosuperficialreadingofcomplextexts.SectionC(ReadingComprehension)Passage1Agrowingbodyofresearchlinksexcessivescreentimeamongteenagerstomentalhealthissues.A2024studybytheAmericanPsychologicalAssociation(APA)followed5,000adolescentsaged13-17forthreeyears,trackingtheirdailyscreenuse(definedastimespentonphones,tablets,orcomputersfornon-academicpurposes)andmentalhealthoutcomes.Theresultsshowedthatteenswhospentover7hoursadayonscreensweretwiceaslikelytoreportsymptomsofdepressionasthosewhospentlessthan1hour.TheAPAattributesthiscorrelationtoseveralfactors.First,excessivescreentimeoftendisplacesphysicalactivity,whichisknowntoboostmoodthroughthereleaseofendorphins.Second,socialmedia,amajorcomponentofscreentime,canfosterfeelingsofinadequacywhenuserscomparetheirlivestoothers’curatedonlinepersonas.Third,thebluelightemittedbyscreensdisruptstheproductionofmelatonin,ahormonethatregulatessleep,leadingtopoorsleepquality—anotherriskfactorfordepression.However,notallscreentimeiscreatedequal.Thestudyfoundthatteenswhousedscreensforcreativeactivities(e.g.,videoediting,writingblogs)oreducationalpurposesshowednoincreasedriskofdepression.Dr.EmilyRoberts,theleadresearcher,emphasizes,"It’snotabouthowmuchtime,buthowthetimeisspent.Passiveconsumptionofsocialmediafeedsisharmful,butactive,goal-orientedusecanbebeneficial."36.WhatisthemainfindingoftheAPAstudy?A)Allscreentimeisharmfultoteens’mentalhealthB)Teenswith7+hoursofscreentimearemorelikelytobedepressedC)ScreentimehasnoeffectonsleepqualityD)Creativescreenuseincreasesdepressionrisk37.Accordingtothepassage,whydoessocialmediacontributetodepression?A)ItreducesphysicalactivityB)ItexposesuserstoviolentcontentC)ItcausesfeelingsofinadequacyD)Itblocksmelatoninproduction38.Whattypeofscreenuseisconsideredbeneficial?A)PassivesocialmediascrollingB)CreativeactivitieslikevideoeditingC)WatchingrandomonlinevideosD)PlayingmindlessmobilegamesPassage2Theglobalmarketfornewenergyvehicles(NEVs),includingelectriccarsandplug-inhybrids,hasgrownexponentiallyinrecentyears.In2023,NEVsalesreached14millionunitsworldwide,accountingfor18%oftotalcarsales—upfromjust2%in2016.Chinaleadsthemarketwith60%ofglobalNEVsales,followedbyEurope(25%)andtheUnitedStates(10%).Despitethisgrowth,severalchallengespersist.OnemajorissueisthelimitedrangeofmanyNEVs,whichcauses"rangeanxiety"amongconsumers.Toaddressthis,carmanufacturersareinvestinginsolid-statebatteries,whichpromisedoubletheenergydensityofcurrentlithium-ionbatteries.Anotherchallengeisthelackofc