保山市2024～2025學(xué)年普通高中上學(xué)期期末質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(cè)高三英語(yǔ)注意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前，考生務(wù)必用黑色碳素筆將自己的學(xué)校、班級(jí)、姓名、考場(chǎng)號(hào)、座位號(hào)、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)在答題卡上填寫清楚。2.每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。在試題卷上作答無(wú)效。3.考試結(jié)束后，請(qǐng)將答題卡交回。滿分150分，考試用時(shí)120分鐘。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Howdoesthewomanprobablyfeel?A.Sorry.B.Tired.C.fortable.2.Whodoestheginusuallyplaywithprobably?A.Jane.B.Susan.C.Lucy.3.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inanoffice.B.Inaclassroom.C.Atthewoman’shome.4.Whattimeisitnow?A.7:00p.m.B.7:30p.m.C.8:00p.m.5.Whatdoesthewomanthinkcanbedonetohelptheenvironment?A.Buyingfewerproducts.B.Creatingmoreecofriendlymaterials.C.Spendingmoremoneyonscientificstudies.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答第6和第7兩個(gè)小題。6.Whatdoesthemansayabouthisparents?A.Theywearglasses.B.Theyarescientists.C.Theyl?mithisscreentime.7.Whatisthemaintopicoftheconversation?A.Family.B.Eyesight.C.Eatinghabits.聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答第8至第10三個(gè)小題。8.Whydoesthemancallthewoman?A.Toaskaboutalatepackage.B.Tocheckonabrokenpackage.C.Toplainaboutalostpackage.9.Whenwasthepackagesentyesterday?A.At8:00a.m.B.At10:00a.m.C.At5:00p.m.10.Whatwillthewomandolater?A.Callthemanback.BCheckthetrackingnumberC.Deliverthepackageinperson.聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答第11至第13三個(gè)小題。11.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates.B.Bossandemployee.C.Teacherandstudent.12.WhatproblemdoesHenryhave?A.Hewasgiventhewrongmark.B.Hereceivedthewrongtestpaper.C.HedidworsethanHarryinthetest.13.Whatdoesthewomanoffertodo?A.Apologizeintheclass.B.GiveHenryahighermark.C.CallHenry’smothertopraisehim.聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答第14至第17四個(gè)小題。14.Whatdidthemanwanttobewhenhewasachild?A.Astorywriter.B.Ashopowner.C.Aweddingplanner.15.Whatistheman’smotherinterestedindoingnow?A.Plantingflowers.B.Travelingaround.C.Teachingpeople.16.Whichdoesthewomanthinkisthemostimportantforherjob?A.Beingpatient.B.Providingcare.C.municatingwell.17.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthewoman’sjob?A.It’screative.BIt’smeaningful.C.It’sinspiring.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答第18至第20三個(gè)小題。18.Whichcountryisthespeakermainlyreportingon?A.USA.B.Canada.C.NewZealand.19.Whenisthistalktakingplace?A.InJanuary.B.InNovember.C.InDecember.20.Whowillspeaknext?A.ATVshowhost.B.Aweatherreporter.C.Alocalnewsreporter.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該選項(xiàng)涂黑。AExcitingnewsforyou!Theaccesstosomeworldfamousuniversitiesthisfallsemesterfinallypumpsup.Herearethefirstfouryoucanchoosefrom.UniversityofSydneyAsoneoftheoldestuniversitiesinAustralia,setupin1850andknownforitsHealthScience,theuniversityadvocatestochallengeyourselves,respectothersandembracediversity.Requirements:IELTS6.5?orTOEFL100?andNEMTscoresabove70%AnnualTuitionFees:$21,000—34,000Deadline:February15,2025UniversityofTorontoBuiltin1827,asapublicnationalresearchuniversitylocatedinToronto,Canada,coveringawiderangeoffieldsincludingputerscience,engineering,musicandarchitecture,theuniversityprefersindependentapplicantsandprovidesparttimejobsincampus.Requirements:IELTS6.5?orTOEFL100?,HighSchoolGPA80?AnnualTuitionFees:$28,400Deadline:March27,2025NationalUniversityofSingaporeFoundedin1905,asaworldclassuniversityinSingaporeandoneofthemostrenownedinstitutionsinAsia,leadinginnaturalsciencesandputerscience,theuniversityinspirestoquestionboldly,explorenewideas,andadvocateproblemsolvingabilities.Requirements:IELTS6.5?andNEMTscores650?,AinallsubjectsAnnualTuitionFees:$25,200Deadline:March3,2025CaliforniaInstituteofTechnologyEstablishedin1891andlocatedinPasadena,California,asoneofthetopscienceandengineeringinstitutions,particularlybestknownforphysicalscience,theuniversityencouragestopursuedreamsandsupportstostartupbusiness.Requirements:IELTSnotaccepted,TOEFL100?AnnualTuitionFees:$26,577Deadline:February20,2025Formoreinformation,pleaseclick,whereprofessionalswillbeavailable.1.Whichuniversitycanbeconsideredifyouwanttobeadoctor?A.UniversityofSydney. B.UniversityofToronto.C.NationalUniversityofSingapore. D.CaliforniaInstituteofTechnology.2.HowistheCaliforniaInstituteofTechnologydifferentfromtheotheruniversities?A.Thedeadlineisduefirst. B.Thefeesarethehighest.C.Ithasthelongesthistory. D.ItonlyadmitsTOFFLscore.3.Whereisthetextmostlikelytakenfrom?A.Amagazine. B.Atextbook. C.Awebsite. D.Abrochure.【答案】1.A2.D3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了四所世界著名大學(xué)的特色和要求，旨在為有志去國(guó)外學(xué)習(xí)深造的學(xué)生提供關(guān)于這些大學(xué)的詳細(xì)信息，幫助他們做出選擇，以便申請(qǐng)這些大學(xué)的課程?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)UniversityofSydney中的第一句話“AsoneoftheoldestuniversitiesinAustralia,setupin1850andknownforitsHealthScience,theuniversityadvocatestochallengeyourselves,respectothersandembracediversity.(該校為澳大利亞最古老的大學(xué)之一，成立于1850年，以其健康科學(xué)聞名，倡導(dǎo)學(xué)生挑戰(zhàn)自我、尊重他人并擁抱多元性。)”可知，該校在醫(yī)學(xué)領(lǐng)域有較強(qiáng)的教育和研究背景。如果想成為一名醫(yī)生，應(yīng)考慮該校。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)CaliforniaInstituteofTechnology中“Requirements:IELTSnotaccepted,TOEFL100?(要求：不接授雅思，托福100分及以上)”，UniversityofSydney中的“Requirements:IELTS6.5?orTOEFL100?andNEMTscoresabove70%(要求：雅思6.5分及以上或托福100分及以上，且全國(guó)英語(yǔ)考試（NEMT）成績(jī)達(dá)到70%以上。)”，UniversityofToronto中的“Requirements:IELTS6.5?orTOEFL100?,HighSchoolGPA80?(要求：雅思6.5分及以上，或托福100分及以上；高中平均成績(jī)（GPA）80分及以上。)”，NationalUniversityofSingapore中的“Requirements:IELTS6.5?andNEMTscores650?,Ainallsubjects(要求：雅思6.5分及以上，全國(guó)英語(yǔ)考試（NEMT）成績(jī)650分及以上，所有科目成績(jī)?yōu)锳。)”可知，四所學(xué)校中，加利福尼亞理工學(xué)院只接受托福成績(jī)。故選D項(xiàng)。【3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一句“Formoreinformation,pleaseclick,whereprofessionalswillbeavailable.(欲了解更多信息，請(qǐng)點(diǎn)擊,有專業(yè)人士為您服務(wù)。)”可知，點(diǎn)擊網(wǎng)址即可了解更多信息并得到專業(yè)服務(wù)，表明信息來源是一個(gè)平臺(tái)或網(wǎng)站。故選C項(xiàng)。BIntheportofLeHavre,thedawnlightembracesthewater;smallboatsmovethroughthemist;tallfactorychimneys(煙囪)mixtheirsmokewiththefog—animageofbeautyandharmonypaintedbyClaudeMonetinImpression,Sunrise,invitingyoutostepintotheworldofImpressionism.PaintedatdawnonNovember13,1872,thisoilpaintingpicturesaharborsceneenvelopedinmorningmist,andrevealsthebeautifulviewofdaybreakthroughtheinterplayoflightandmotion.Inthispainting,Monetabandonedthemainstreamacademicartstyleofhistime—distinctboundariesandcolors.Instead,hefocusedoncolorrelationshipsandtheeffectsofoutdoorlight,capturingthedelicatechangesofcolorsthroughreflectionsonthewatersurface,breakingthroughthelimitsoftheartworldatthetime.ThisartistictreasurenotonlyshowcasesMonet’suniqueinsightintotheinterplayoflightandcolorinnaturebutalsomirrorshispioneeringapproachtoartisticcreation.Meanwhile,itdescribesawarmandpeacefullife,representingpeople’sexpectationsforeconomicrecoveryandsocialstability.Theindustrialelementsinthepainting,suchasthesmokingchimneys,implythedevelopmentofsocietyandeconomicboomatthetime,suggestingthesocialchangesandthementalityofpeopleinlate19thcenturyEurope.Forathoroughappreciationofthisartworkanditssignificanceinarthistory,oneshouldexaminetheprimarycolorsfeaturedinthepainting,suchaslightpurple,softred,bluegray,andorangeyellow,andfigureouthowtheyinteracttobringuptheatmosphereofasunrise.It’salsoimportanttofigureouthowMonetskillfullyseizedtheinstantthroughthecontrastoflightandshadow,alongwithhisdeliberatearrangementofthesun,boats,andchimneys.Moreimportantly,thesymbolicsignificanceofthesunrise,orwhatitmintsymbolizeintermsofhope,rebirth,orsocietaltransformation,isathemethatviewersshouldconsiderrepeatedly.4.Whatistheauthor’spurposebydescribingtheportatthebeginning?A.Toconveyemotion. B.Toinvitepeopletovisit.C.Toarousereaders’interest. D.Toshowcaseliterarytalent.5.WhichwerebestdefinesClaudeMonetaccordingtothepassage?A.Conservative. B.Innovative. C.Passive. D.Traditional.6.WhichofthefollowingaspectsisNOTanalyzedinthetext?A.Theuseofprimarycolorsinthepainting.B.Theimpactofindustrialdevelopmentonsociety.C.TheinfluenceofMonet’spaintingonfuturegenerations.D.Monet’stechniqueincapturingtheinterplayoflightandcolor.7.Whatcanbethemostappropriatetitleforthetext?A.Monet:TheGreatestMasterofArtB.Monet:ThePioneerofImpressionismC.ImpressionSunriseIsanArtisticRevolutionD.Impression,SunriseIsaMirrorforthe19thCenturyEurope【答案】4.C5.B6.C7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是說明文。它通過對(duì)ClaudeMonet的《日出·印象》這幅畫的詳細(xì)描述和深入分析，探討了畫作的藝術(shù)特點(diǎn)、歷史背景、象征意義以及在藝術(shù)史上的地位?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“IntheportofLeHavre,thedawnlightembracesthewater;smallboatsmovethroughthemist;tallfactorychimneys(煙囪)mixtheirsmokewiththefog—animageofbeautyandharmonypaintedbyClaudeMonetinImpression,Sunrise,invitingyoutostepintotheworldofImpressionism.(在勒阿弗爾港，晨光擁抱著水面；小船在霧中穿行；高大的工廠煙囪將煙與霧混合在一起——克勞德·莫奈在《日出·印象》中描繪的美麗和諧的畫面，邀請(qǐng)你走進(jìn)印象派的世界)”可知，文章開頭通過詳細(xì)描述勒阿弗爾港的黎明景色，使用了生動(dòng)的視覺語(yǔ)言來吸引讀者。這種描述手法的目的是抓住讀者的注意力，使他們對(duì)文章的主題產(chǎn)生興趣，并激發(fā)其繼續(xù)閱讀下去的欲望，故選C。【5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Inthispainting,Monetabandonedthemainstreamacademicartstyleofhistime—distinctboundariesandcolors.Instead,hefocusedoncolorrelationshipsandtheeffectsofoutdoorlight,capturingthedelicatechangesofcolorsthroughreflectionsonthewatersurface,break?ngthroughthelimitsoftheartworldatthetime.(在這幅畫中，莫奈拋棄了當(dāng)時(shí)主流的學(xué)院派藝術(shù)風(fēng)格——鮮明的邊界和色彩。相反，他專注于色彩關(guān)系和室外光線的效果，通過水面的反射捕捉色彩的微妙變化，突破了當(dāng)時(shí)藝術(shù)界的限制)”和第三段“ThisartistictreasurenotonlyshowcasesMonet’suniqueinsightintotheinterplayoflightandcolorinnaturebutalsomirrorshispioneeringapproachtoartisticcreation.(這幅藝術(shù)珍品不僅展示了莫奈對(duì)自然中光與色相互作用的獨(dú)特見解，也反映了他開創(chuàng)性的藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作方法)”可知，莫奈放棄了當(dāng)時(shí)主流的學(xué)術(shù)藝術(shù)風(fēng)格——明顯的邊界和顏色，而專注于色彩之間的關(guān)系和戶外光線的效果，捕捉水面反射色彩的微妙變化，突破了當(dāng)時(shí)藝術(shù)界的限制。這表明莫奈是一個(gè)創(chuàng)新的藝術(shù)家，故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“ThisartistictreasurenotonlyshowcasesMonet’suniqueinsightintotheinterplayoflightandcolorinnaturebutalsomirrorshispioneeringapproachtoartisticcreation.Meanwhile,itdescribesawarmandpeacefullife,representingpeople’sexpectationsforeconomicrecoveryandsocialstability.Theindustrialelementsinthepainting,suchasthesmokingchimneys,implythedevelopmentofsocietyandeconomicboomatthetime,suggestingthesocialchangesandthementalityofpeopleinlate19thcenturyEurope.(這幅藝術(shù)珍品不僅展示了莫奈對(duì)自然中光與色相互作用的獨(dú)特見解，也反映了他開創(chuàng)性的藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作方法。同時(shí)，它描繪了一個(gè)溫暖和平的生活，代表了人們對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇和社會(huì)穩(wěn)定的期望。畫中的工業(yè)元素，如冒煙的煙囪，暗示了當(dāng)時(shí)社會(huì)的發(fā)展和經(jīng)濟(jì)的繁榮，暗示了19世紀(jì)后期歐洲的社會(huì)變化和人們的心態(tài))”可知，分析了莫奈的畫作展示了他對(duì)光與色彩相互作用的獨(dú)特見解，以及他對(duì)藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作的開創(chuàng)性方法。同時(shí)，提到了畫作如何反映了當(dāng)時(shí)社會(huì)的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和人們對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇與社會(huì)穩(wěn)定的期望。但是，文中并沒有提到莫奈的畫作對(duì)未來幾代人的影響，故選C?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“IntheportofLeHavre,thedawnlightembracesthewater;smallboatsmovethroughthemist;tallfactorychimneys(煙囪)mixtheirsmokewiththefog—animageofbeautyandharmonypaintedbyClaudeMonetinImpression,Sunrise,invitingyoutostepintotheworldofImpressionism.(在勒阿弗爾港，晨光擁抱著水面；小船在霧中穿行；高大的工廠煙囪將煙與霧混合在一起——克勞德·莫奈在《日出·印象》中描繪的美麗和諧的畫面，邀請(qǐng)你走進(jìn)印象派的世界)”以及縱觀全文可知，這篇文章主要對(duì)莫奈的畫作《日出·印象》作了詳細(xì)的描述和深入分析，重點(diǎn)是這幅畫作而非畫家莫奈。文章介紹了畫作內(nèi)容、創(chuàng)作背景和手法、社會(huì)象征意義和欣賞方式等。就文章來說，它從畫作創(chuàng)作沒有采用當(dāng)時(shí)的藝術(shù)主流方式體現(xiàn)了它的創(chuàng)新；就現(xiàn)實(shí)來說，這幅畫作是印象派的開山之作，C項(xiàng)“《日出·印象》是一場(chǎng)藝術(shù)革命”符合。故選C。CScientistsattheMaxPlanckInstituteinGermanyhavedevelopedafourleggedrobotnamedMortithatcanautonomouslylearntowalkwithoutstruggling.Standingathalfametertall,Morticanlearntowalkwithinonehour,inroughlythesameamountoftimeasanewbornhorse,whichisaremarkableachievementinthefieldofrobotics.DesignedbyFelixRuppert,MortioperatesonanAIalgorithm(算法)thatcopiestheneural(神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的)networksfoundinthespinalcords(脊髓)ofanimals,whichareresponsibleforcontrollingtherhythmicconductionofmusclesduringwalking.Morticanfollowthewayababyanimallearnstomove,asitalsofindsthemostefficientwaytousetheirmusclesbytryingandinitiallytripping.“Justbylearningtouselegsproperly,youbasicallygetenergyefficiencyforfree,”saysRuppert.Thisisabigstepforwardintheworldofrobotics,whereenergyefficiencyisakeyfactorinthepracticalapplicationofsuchtechnology.AmonchallengeforAIsystemsistheirabilitytoadaptwhentheenvironmentchanges.Morti’sdesign,whichreliesonthecontinuousadjustmentofitsmovements,couldofferasolutiontothischallenge,potentiallymakingitperformbetterindynamicandchangingenvironments.HillelChielatCaseWesternReserveUniversityinOhiosays,“Thebrainsofanimalscontainstructuresandknowledgethataidtheirlearning.SomeAIscanimitateanimallikelearning,buttheirartificialnervoussystemsaregenerallynotyetasplex”.Morti’senergyefficientlearningprocessanditscapacitytoadjusttoitsenvironmentareindicativeofthefuturepossibilitiesinAIandrobotics.Thistechnologycouldpavethewayforthedevelopmentofmoreadvancedandadaptablemachines,revolutionizingthewaywethinkaboutandinteractwithrobotics.Mortiisnotjustarobot,butaglanceintoafuturewheremachinescanlearnandadaptwithalevelofefficiencyandresponsivenessthatwasoncethoughttobejustforlivingthings.8.Whydoestheauthormention“anewbornhorse”inParagraph1?A.ToshowthespeedatwhichMortilearnstowalk.B.ToillustratetheplexityofMorti’sAIalgorithm.C.ToparethesizeofMortitothatofanewbornhorse.D.TohighlightthelessefficiencyofMorti’slearningprocess.9.WhatcanwelearnaboutMorti’sAIalgorithmfromParagraph2?A.ItintegratesmultipleAItechniques.B.Itimitatestheneuralpathwaysinanimalbrains.C.Itechoesthelearningstrategiesofyounganimals.D.Itclonestheneuralnetworksinthespinalcordsofanimals.10.HowdoesMonticopewiththechallengeofenvironmentalchanges?ABylearningtouseitslegs. B.Byadjustingitsmovements.C.Bycopyinghuman’sbehavior. D.Bypredictingenvironmentalchanges.11.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.ThechallengesAIfaces.B.Thedevelopmentofanewalgorithm.C.ThesimilaritiesbetweenMortiandlivingthings.D.ThecreationandlearningprocessoftherobotMorti.【答案】8.A9.D10.B11.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。主要介紹了德國(guó)馬克斯普朗克研究所(MaxPlanckInstituteinGermany)開發(fā)的四足機(jī)器人Morti能夠自主學(xué)習(xí)行走而不跌倒的能力，以及這一成就在機(jī)器人領(lǐng)域的重要性。文章還討論了Morti在適應(yīng)環(huán)境變化方面的潛力，以及這一技術(shù)對(duì)未來人工智能和機(jī)器人發(fā)展的啟示?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Standingathalfametertall,Morticanlearntowalkwithinonehour,inroughlythesameamountoftimeasanewbornhorse,whichisaremarkableachievementinthefieldofrobotics.(站起來半米高的Morti可以在一個(gè)小時(shí)內(nèi)學(xué)會(huì)走路，這與一匹新生馬的時(shí)間大致相同，這是機(jī)器人領(lǐng)域的一項(xiàng)了不起的成就)”可知，作者在第一段提到“一匹新生的馬”是為了展示Morti學(xué)走路的速度。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“DesignedbyFelixRuppert,MortioperatesonanAIalgorithm(算法)thatcopiestheneural(神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的)networksfoundinthespinalcords(脊髓)ofanimals,whichareresponsibleforcontrollingtherhythmicconductionofmusclesduringwalking.(由菲利克斯·魯珀特設(shè)計(jì)的Morti，采用了一種人工智能算法，該算法復(fù)制了動(dòng)物脊髓中的神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)，這些神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)負(fù)責(zé)控制行走時(shí)肌肉的節(jié)律傳導(dǎo))”可知，Morti的AI算法克隆動(dòng)物脊髓中的神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)。故選D。10題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“AmonchallengeforAIsystemsistheirabilitytoadaptwhentheenvironmentchanges.Morti’sdesign,whichreliesonthecontinuousadjustmentofitsmovements,couldofferasolutiontothischallenge,potentiallymakingitperformbetterindynamicandchangingenvironments.(人工智能系統(tǒng)面臨的一個(gè)共同挑戰(zhàn)是它們適應(yīng)環(huán)境變化的能力。Morti的設(shè)計(jì)依賴于其運(yùn)動(dòng)的持續(xù)調(diào)整，可以為這一挑戰(zhàn)提供解決方案，有可能使其在動(dòng)態(tài)和變化的環(huán)境中表現(xiàn)更好)”可知，Morti依賴于其動(dòng)作的連續(xù)調(diào)整來應(yīng)對(duì)環(huán)境變化。故選B?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“ScientistsattheMaxPlanckInstituteinGermanyhavedevelopedafourleggedrobotnamedMortithatcanautonomouslylearntowalkwithoutstruggling.Standingathalfametertall,Morticanlearntowalkwithinonehour,inroughlythesameamountoftimeasanewbornhorse,whichisaremarkableachievementinthefieldofrobotics.(德國(guó)馬克斯普朗克研究所的科學(xué)家們開發(fā)了一種名為Morti的四足機(jī)器人，它可以自主學(xué)習(xí)走路而不需要掙扎。站起來半米高的Morti可以在一個(gè)小時(shí)內(nèi)學(xué)會(huì)走路，這與一匹新生馬的時(shí)間大致相同，這是機(jī)器人領(lǐng)域的一項(xiàng)了不起的成就)”結(jié)合文章主要介紹了機(jī)器人Morti，包括其設(shè)計(jì)、AI算法、學(xué)習(xí)行走的能力以及其對(duì)機(jī)器人技術(shù)未來的意義可知，這篇文章的主要內(nèi)容是機(jī)器人Morti的創(chuàng)造和學(xué)習(xí)過程。故選D。DWithhunterswipingoutmostfruiteatingbirdsintheforestofLambirHillsNationalParkonwesternBorneobythe1990s,theskygrewduller,andinafewyears,sodidtheforest.Withoutbirdstospreadtheirseeds,thediversityoffruitproducingplantsdeclined,highlightingthecriticalimportanceofseeddispersalforecosystemhealth.JustasJordiBaspte,anecologistattheUniversityofZurich,callsit“thegluethatkeepsecologicalmunitiestogether”.Recently,astudyinSciencerevealsthatatleastonethirdofEuropeanplantspeciesareendangered.Thisincludesnotjustbirdsbutalsomammals,reptiles,andants.PedroJordano,anotherecologist,illustratedthestudy“brilliantandcaptivating”butalso“alarming”,warningthatthelossofseeddisperserscouldpreventplantsexpandingtheirrangestoadapttoclimatechangeorrecoverfromwildfires,especiallyinEurope’shighlydisjointedlandscape.RubenHeleno,amunityecologist,said,“Weshouldnotbeafraidofusingthewordcrisis,”giventhesituationthatplantspeciesarefacing.SaraMendes,aPh.D.studentattheUniversityofCoimbra,searchedthroughthousandsofstudiesin26languages,focusingontermslikeseeddispersalandthemorethan900Europeananimalslikelytoconsumeseeds.“Theprojectrequiresacertainamountofcrazinesstobeacplished,”shesaid,addingthatinallmajorbiogeographicalareasinEurope,morethanonethirdofseeddispersinganimalspeciesareeitherthreatenedordecreasing.Furthermore,thestudydisclosesthatover60%ofplantshavefiveorfewerseeddispersers,makingthemparticularlysusceptibletothedeclineordisappearanceofanyofthesecriticalspecies.Nearly80“veryhighconcern”interactionswhereboththeplantanditsdisperserarethreatenedordeclining,suchastheEuropeanfanpalmrelyingontheendangeredrabbit,havebeenidentified.Despitetheextensivedata,significantgapsremain.InternationalUnionforConservationofNatureassessmentsareinpletefor67%oftheplantspecies,andtherolesofvariousdispersers,especiallyforrareplants,arestillunclear.Ecologistswarnthatsimilarcrisesmaybeunfoldingonothercontinents,continents,includingNorthAmerica.12.What’stheprimarycauseofthedeclineinfruitproducingplantdiversityinLambirHillsNationalPark?A.ThedisjointednessoftheEuropeanlandscape. B.Theabsenceofbirdstospreadplantseeds.C.Theimpactofclimatechangeonplantspecies. D.Theremovaloffruiteatinganimalsbyhunters.13.WhatisRubenHeleno’sattitudetowardsthesituationdescribedinthepassage?A.Concerned. B.Optimistic. C.Neutral. D.Indifferent.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“susceptible”inParagraph4probablymean?A.Stable. B.Sensitive. C.Adaptable. D.Resistant.15.Howistheinformationorganizedinthearticle?A.Timeorder. B.Problemsolutionformat.C.Causeandeffectstructure. D.parisonamongdifferentspecies.【答案】12.B13.A14.B15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說明文。文章探討了種子傳播在維持生態(tài)系統(tǒng)健康中的關(guān)鍵作用，以及人類狩獵行為對(duì)種子傳播者的影響。全文通過具體案例和科學(xué)研究，強(qiáng)調(diào)了種子傳播者對(duì)植物多樣性和生態(tài)系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定性的重要性，并指出種子傳播者和植物之間相互依賴的關(guān)系，旨在喚起人們對(duì)種子傳播者減少及其對(duì)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)影響的關(guān)注，并強(qiáng)調(diào)保護(hù)這些關(guān)鍵物種的緊迫性?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Withoutbirdstospreadtheirseeds,thediversityoffruitproducingplantsdeclined,highlightingthecriticalimportanceofseeddispersalforecosystemhealth.(沒有鳥類傳播種子，果樹的多樣性就會(huì)下降，這凸顯了種子傳播對(duì)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)健康的重要性)”可知，蘭比爾山國(guó)家公園水果生產(chǎn)植物多樣性下降的主要原因是沒有鳥類傳播植物種子。故選B?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“PedroJordano,anotherecologist,illustratedthestudy“brilliantandcaptivating”butalso“alarming”,warningthatthelossofseeddisperserscouldpreventplantsexpandingtheirrangestoadapttoclimatechangeorrecoverfromwildfires,especiallyinEurope’shighlydisjointedlandscape.

RubenHeleno,amunityecologist,said,“Weshouldnotbeafraidofusingthewordcrisis,”giventhesituationthatplantspeciesarefacing.(另一位生態(tài)學(xué)家PedroJordano表示，這項(xiàng)研究“精彩而迷人”，但也“令人擔(dān)憂”，他警告說，種子傳播者的消失可能會(huì)阻止植物擴(kuò)大范圍以適應(yīng)氣候變化或從野火中恢復(fù)過來，尤其是在歐洲高度脫節(jié)的景觀中。社區(qū)生態(tài)學(xué)家魯本·赫里諾說，考慮到植物物種所面臨的情況，“我們不應(yīng)該害怕使用危機(jī)這個(gè)詞”)”可知，他對(duì)種子傳播者減少及其對(duì)植物適應(yīng)氣候變化和從野火中恢復(fù)過來的能力的影響，他認(rèn)為要使用“危機(jī)”一詞，RubenHeleno對(duì)目前的植物狀況感到擔(dān)憂和關(guān)切。。故選A?！?4題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“over60%ofplantshavefiveorfewerseeddispersers(超過60%的植物只有5個(gè)或更少的種子傳播者)”以及后文“thedeclineordisappearanceofanyofthesecriticalspecies(這些關(guān)鍵物種的衰退或消失)”可知，超過60%的植物只有5個(gè)或更少的種子傳播者，所以這些植物對(duì)這些關(guān)鍵物種的減少或消失十分敏感。故劃線詞意思是“敏感”。故選B?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。文章從描述獵人消除種子傳播者——鳥類開始，然后詳細(xì)說明了這種消除對(duì)森林生物多樣性的影響，到進(jìn)一步討論了種子傳播減少的后果，包括對(duì)植物物種適應(yīng)氣候變化和野火能力的影響。因此，信息的組織方式是展示一系列因果關(guān)系，符合因果結(jié)構(gòu)。故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。ThingstoRememberWhenBookingaGroupTourWhenitestotravellingabroad,manypeopleopttotakepartinagrouptourtogetthemostoutoftheirholiday.However,therearealwaysafewdetailstodealwithbeforeyoubookyourtrip.___16___Thankfully,travelexpertDilvinYasahassharedhertipsforbookingagrouptour.●___17___Whenplanningagrouptour,youneedtoputexpensefirst.It’simportantto“readtheitinerary(行程)carefullybeforeyoubookandaddupalltheexclusionsuntilyouarriveatyour‘realfigure.’”Extracostscouldincludelunches,dinners,attractionsandadditionalactivities.●Choosetherighttime.Selectingtherighttimeofyearforyourgrouptourcanmakeabigdifference.Considertheweatherconditions,peaktravelseasons,andanypublicholidaysoreventsthatmightaffectyouritinerary.___18___●Stayconnected.Incaseofemergenciesorchangesinplans,it’simportanttostayconnected.Ensureeveryonehasthenecessarycontactinformation,includingemergencycontactsandtravelinsurancedetails.Havingaportablechargerorpowerbankcanalsobehandytokeepdevicespoweredup.●Keepsomecashonhand.___19___However,youshouldalwaysbepreparedforextracash.Especiallywhentravellingtomoreremotelocations,orifyou’revisitingsmallerfoodstandsormarkets,youshouldn’tassumeeverywherewilltakecardpayments.Yasasaid,“Makesureyouhavelocalcurrencyonyouatalltimesandyou’regoodtogo.”___20___Withthesetipsinmind,youcanensureamemorableandenjoyableexperienceforeveryoneinvolved.A.Bookinadvance.B.Budgetaccordingly.C.Herearesometipstoconsider.D.Runningintoissuesonatourcanbreakyourvacation.E.Mostofyourtourexpenseshavealreadybeenpaidbeforeyoudepart.F.Avoidingpeakseasonscanoftenleadtolowercostsandfewercrowds.G.Planningagrouptourrequirescarefulconsiderationandorganization.【答案】16.D17.B18.F19.E20.G【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了預(yù)訂團(tuán)體游時(shí)需要考慮的一些建議?！?6題詳解】上文“However,therearealwaysafewdetailstodealwithbeforeyoubookyourtrip.(然而，在你預(yù)訂旅行之前，總有一些細(xì)節(jié)需要處理。)”提到在預(yù)訂團(tuán)體游之前有一些需要注意的事項(xiàng)，下文“Thankfully,travelexpertDilvinYasahassharedhertipsforbookingagrouptour.(值得慶幸的是，旅游專家DilvinYasa分享了她預(yù)訂團(tuán)體游的建議。)”說明下文要介紹一些預(yù)訂團(tuán)體游的建議。由此可知，空白處起承上啟下的作用，需要說明預(yù)訂團(tuán)體游時(shí)如果不注意一些事項(xiàng)可能會(huì)遇到的問題。選項(xiàng)D“旅行中遇到問題可能會(huì)破壞你的假期”符合語(yǔ)境。故選D。【17題詳解】下文“Whenplanningagrouptour,youneedtoputexpensefirst.(在計(jì)劃團(tuán)體游時(shí)，你需要把費(fèi)用放在第一位。)”中的expense是關(guān)鍵詞，說明本段主要講的是費(fèi)用問題。選項(xiàng)B“相應(yīng)地做預(yù)算”能夠概括本段內(nèi)容，其中Budget與下文的expense相呼應(yīng)。故選B?！?8題詳解】上文“Selectingtherighttimeofyearforyourgrouptourcanmakeabigdifference.Considertheweatherconditions,peaktravelseasons,andanypublicholidaysoreventsthatmightaffectyouritinerary.(為你的團(tuán)體游選擇一年中的合適時(shí)間會(huì)有很大的不同?？紤]天氣狀況、旅游旺季以及任何可能影響你行程的公共假期或活動(dòng)。)”說明選擇團(tuán)體游的時(shí)間很重要，需要考慮多種因素。選項(xiàng)F“避開高峰期往往可以降低成本，減少人群”與上文內(nèi)容相呼應(yīng)，進(jìn)一步說明了選擇非高峰期的好處。故選F?！?9題詳解】下文“However,youshouldalwaysbepreparedforextracash.Especiallywhentravellingtomoreremotelocations,orifyou’revisitingsmallerfoodstandsormarkets,youshouldn’tassumeeverywherewilltakecardpayments.(然而，你應(yīng)該隨時(shí)準(zhǔn)備額外的現(xiàn)金。特別是當(dāng)你去更偏遠(yuǎn)的地方旅行，或者如果你去的是較小的食品攤或市場(chǎng)，你不應(yīng)該認(rèn)為每個(gè)地方都接受刷卡支付。)”中的However表示轉(zhuǎn)折，說明空白處與下文內(nèi)容相反，且下文提到了準(zhǔn)備額外的現(xiàn)金，由此可推測(cè)空白處講的是大部分費(fèi)用已經(jīng)支付了。選項(xiàng)E“在你出發(fā)之前，大部分的旅行費(fèi)用已經(jīng)支付了”符合語(yǔ)境。故選E?！?0題詳解】下文“Withthesetipsinmind,youcanensureamemorableandenjoyableexperienceforeveryoneinvolved.(記住這些建議，你可以確保為所有參與者帶來難忘且愉快的體驗(yàn)。)”中的thesetips指的是空處提到的預(yù)訂團(tuán)體游的建議，由此可知，空白處應(yīng)該總結(jié)計(jì)劃團(tuán)體游需要考慮很多方面。選項(xiàng)G“計(jì)劃團(tuán)體游需要仔細(xì)考慮和組織”符合語(yǔ)境。故選G。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。InRwanda,ayoungmannamedMushimiyimanaLeonidasoncefoundhimselfcaughtinadilemma.Hismother,___21___inagriculture,struggledtoprovideforthefamily,leavingLeonidaswiththe___22___tasksofpayingforhisuniversityeducationwhilealsosupportinghissisters.Agriculturaldevelopmentintheareawaslimited,sofarming___23___metthefamily’sbasicneeds.Despitethese___24___,Leonidasnevergaveupandpletedhisuniversitystudies.However,thelackofsuitablejobopportunitiesmadehisdreamof___25___hisfamily’slivingstandardsseemincreasinglydistant.___26___,arayofhopeemergedintheformofJuncao,ahybridgrassdevelopedbyaChineseagriculturalexpert,professorLinZhanxi.In2011,ProfessorLinledateamtoRwandato___27___theurgentproblemsthatthelocalfarmershadfacedwith.They___28___someprojects,whichwereaimedat___29___waterandsoiltosstopreservefarmland.TheyalsointroducedthetechniqueofcultivatingmushroomsusingJuncao,amethodthathadpreviously____30____manyChinesefarmersoutofpoverty.ThemethodofferedpromisetoLeonidas.Leonidasseizedthisopportunity.Hedeterminedtolearnmoreaboutthis____31____andsoonstartedabusinessproducingmushrooms.Aftertenyearsofcontinuouswork,ithad____32____Leonidas’lifepletely.Hewasnownotonlyabletofullysupporthisfamilybutalsoextendahelpinghandtoothers.Leonidas’storyisnot____33____.ManyfarmersinRwanda,likehim,havealsobenefitedfromthegrassandstartednew,fulfillinglives.Thehybridgrasshashadasignificantinfluenceontheirlives,freeingthemfrom____34____andprovidingthemwithnewopportunitiesforgrowthandwealth.Thefuturelooks____35____formanyfarmersinRwanda,whonowhavethechancetobuildbetterlivesforthemselvesandtheirfamilies.ThemagicgrasshasbeeasymbolofhopefortheRwandanfarmers.21.A.weak B.successful C.engaged D.interested22.A.double B.triple C.simple D.basic23.A.virtually B.actually C.barely D.nearly24.A.failures B.obstacles C.benefits D.blessings25.A.lowering B.keeping C.expecting D.raising26.A.Apparently B.Finally C.Fortunately D.Gradually27