TheSubjectClause主語從句Shesurprisedme.主謂Thatsheisaracingdriversurprisedme.主謂賓主語從句定義：在主從復合句中，充當主語的從句叫主語從句。賓定義Thatsheisaracingdriver

surprisedme.Itsurprisedmethatsheisaracingdriver.形式主語真正的主語英語句子中為避免頭重腳輕，常用it作形式主語，將真正的主語后置。

從屬連詞:that/whether/if01

連接代詞:who/whose/whomwhat/which...02連接副詞:when/where/whyhow...03連接詞thatThattheyaregoodfriendsisknowntousall.Itisknowntousallthattheyaregoodfriends.

that無詞義，在從句中不充當任何成分，僅起連接作用，但不能省。從屬連詞whether/if是否Whethersheisaprincessisunknown.Itisunknownwhether/ifsheisaprincess.whether/if意為“是否”，在從句中不充當成分，僅起連接作用，不能省略。注意：位于句首只能用whether，句中whether/if都可以。從屬連詞Exercise用that/whether/if填空。1._________wegotherebytrainorbyairisnotclear.2.______shelefthimmadehimverysad.3._________shewillcomeornotisstillaquestion.4.Itwasnotknown

hewouldask.5.______youdon’tlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.WhetherThatWhetherwhether/ifThat從屬連詞連接代詞who誰Whoisthebiggestisquiteclear.who在主語從句中作主語，意為“誰”主語從句：Whoisthebiggest.主系表Itisquiteclearwhoisthebiggest.連接代詞moreexamplesWhowillbethemonitorhasn’tbeendecidedyet.(主語)Whowillattendthemeetingisstillunknown.（主語）誰會成為班長還沒有決定。誰會來參加會議還未知。whom誰Whomtheywillchoosetocarryoutthetaskisasecret.還原主語從句：Theywillchoosewhomtocarryoutthetask.主謂賓賓補whom在主語從句中作賓語，意為“誰”連接代詞Itisasecretwhomtheywillchoosetocarryoutthetask.whose誰的連接代詞Whosescoresarehigherwillcomeoutsoon.主語從句：Whosescoresarehigher.

定語whose在主語從句中作定語，意為“誰的”Itwillcomeoutsoonwhosescoresarehigher.what...的事/東西連接代詞Whatshedidmakeshimangry.還原主語從句：Shedidwhat.主謂賓what在主語從句中作賓語/主語，意為

“...的事”連接代詞moreexamplesWhatyouhavedonemightdoharmtoothers.Whatheneedismoney.你做的事情可能會傷害別人。他需要的是錢。what常用的句式：whatsb.doeg:whatsb.say/need/do/want...which哪一個連接代詞Whichsidewillwinisnotclear.（定語）which在主語從句中作定語，意為“哪一個”Itisnotclearwhichsidewillwill.其他連接代詞連接代詞whatever不管什么,whichever不管哪一個,whoever無論誰...Whoevercomestoourschooliswelcome.(主語)Whateveryoudoshoulddonoharmtoothers.(賓語)Exercise連接代詞用適當?shù)年P系代詞填空。(who/what/which/whose/whatever/whoever...)1._______IwanttotellyouisthatIloveyou.2._______hesaidreallyhadgreatimpactonme.3._______breakthelawwillbepunished.4._______surprisedmewasthewayhespoke.5._______willattendthemeetingisunknown.WhatWhatWhoeverWhatWhoExercise1.______mattersmostinlearningEnglishisenoughpractice.A.WhatB.WhyC.WhereD.Which2.______wegoswimmingeverydaydoesusalotofgood.A.IfB.ThatC.WhetherD.Who3.Itisuncertain______sideeffectthemedicinewillbringabout.A.thatB.howC.whatD.whether4.______wewillgoforapicnicornotdependsonthewhether.A.IfB.ThatC.WhetherD.Who5.--Doesshelikecoffeeortea?--Itisunknown______shewouldliketohave.A.howB.whichC.whatD.thatABCCB連接副詞when什么時候Whenhemadethiscandycarisunknown.(時間狀語)Itisunknownwhenhemadethiscandycar.when在主語從句中作時間狀語，意為“什么時候”連接副詞why為什么Whyhedidn’tcomehereisnotcleartoanyone.(原因狀語)Itisnotcleartoanyonewhyhedidn’tcomehere.why在主語從句中作原因狀語，意為“為什么”連接副詞where哪里Wherethemeetingwillbeheldisnotdecided.(地點狀語)Itisnotdecidedwherethemeetingwillbeheld.where在主語從句中作地點狀語，意為“在哪里”連接副詞how怎樣Howhebecameafamoussingerisknowntousall.(方式狀語)Itisknowntousallhowhebecameafamoussinger.how在主語從句中作方式狀語，意為“怎樣”連接副詞1._____hedidn’tcomeyesterdayisunknown.2.____________wewillsetupthefactoryshouldbediscussed.3.__________thishappenedisnotclear.ExerciseWhyWhen/WhereHow/Why連接副詞從屬連詞連接代詞連接副詞thatwhetherifwhowhomwhichwhosewhatwhoeverwhateverwhywhenwherehow無詞義是否是否不充當任何成分，不可省略。誰誰哪一個誰的...的事無論誰無論什么在主語從句中充當主語，賓語，定語等成分。為什么什么時候在哪里怎樣在主語從句中充當狀語。it作形式主語It+be+名詞+that從句apity遺憾afact事實ashame真可惜asurprise驚喜nowonder難怪nosurprise不足為奇anhonor榮譽

Itisapitythatwelostthegame.Itisafactthathecheatedintheexam.遺憾的是我們輸了比賽。他在考試中作弊是事實。It+be+形容詞+that從句important重要的true真實的strange奇怪的possible可能的likely可能的obvious明顯的clear清楚的necessary必要的Itislikelythathewillcomebacktomorrow.有可能他明天要回來。Itisobviousthattheearthisround.很明顯地球是圓的。It+be+過去分詞+that從句said據說reported報道thought有人認為believed有人相信known眾所周知suggested有人提議hoped有人希望

Itisreportedthatthethiefwascaughtyesterday.據報道昨天那個小偷被抓了。Itissaidthatheisonbusiness.據說他在出差。Exercise1.Itis_____thathequittedhisjob.A.sayB.sayingC.saidD.tosay2.Itisbelieved_____lighttravelsfasterthansound.A.thatB.whetherC.ifD.what3._____________________(據報道)20peoplewerekilledintheaccident.4._____________________(據說)acowhasfourstomachs.5._____________________(眾所周知)heisafamoussinger.CAItisreportedthatItissaidthatItisknownthat主語從句中的虛擬語氣It+be+名詞/形容詞/過去分詞+that從句當表示建議，命令，請求等詞時，謂語要用虛擬語氣“should+do”,should可省略。Itisimportant/necessary/strangethatsb.(should)dosth.Itissuggested/ordered/requestedthatsb.(should)dosth.eg:Itisimportantthatwe(should)learnEnglishwell.學好英語很重要。Exercise用括號內適當?shù)脑~填空。1.Itisnecessarythatwe______________(tell)herthenews.2.Itisstrangethathe_______________(marry)her.3.Itissuggestedthatwe_____________(bring)anumbrellatomorrow.改錯：Itissuggestedthatwewillholdameetingnextweek.(should)tell(should)marry(should)bring(should)hold特別注意的情況單個主語從句謂語用單數(shù),多個主語從句謂語用復數(shù)。Whenthesportsmeetingwillbeheld_______(be)notdecided.isWhenandwherethesportsmeetingwillbeheld_______(be)notdecided.Whentheywillstartandwheretheywillgo_______(be)notdecided.isare主語從句要用陳述語序。Whydidn’thecomeisstillamystery.Whyhedidn’tcomeisstillamystery.Whereshewasisnotclear.Wherewassheisnotclear陳述語序：主語+謂語who/what引導的主語從句謂語動詞的數(shù)與后面的詞保持一致。WhatIneed______money.WhatIneed______books.Whoyouwillgowith______Lucy.Whoyouwillgowith______thetwins.isareisareExercise1.leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelight.A.AnyoneB.ThepersonC.WhoeverD.Which2._______hehasbecomearichmanisknowntoallinourtown.A.BecauseB.ThatC./D.What3.______heisafamousactorisastonishing.A.ThatB.WhichC./D.What4._______we’llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.A.If B.WhetherC.ThatD.Where5._______Jacklookedsoexcitedisnotclear.A.ThatB.Where