2025屆云浮市高三第一次調(diào)研模擬測試高三英語注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號等填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題，每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ATherearemanyartgalleriesintheNetherlands,andbelowaresomechosenbythetourists.RoutePhotoGalleryOpenhours:10:00a.m.—6:30p.m.TheRoutePhotoGallerywasfoundedin2017inAmsterdam.Itpresentsexclusive(獨(dú)家的)artworksoftheartists,whoareentitledtointernationalphotographers,whoseworkshavebeenacceptedtoartmuseums.Thegallerycaresspecificallyabouttheconceptofaffordableartandraisesitscollectionallthetimewithfineartphotographyoftheartistswhosearchallovertheworldtocapturestories.CowMuseumOpenhours:12:30p.m.—7:00p.m.TheCowMuseumhasexistedfor12years.Almost95%ofitspiecesarehand-painted.Ithas800piecesandathirdofthemareCowParade(theworld’slargestpublicartevent,hugepaintedcowsauctionedforcharity),proudtobetheonlyplaceintheworldthathastheentirecollection.Theothertwothirdsare20-to30-year-oldpiecescollectedfromallovertheworld(notforsale).Italsohassomeexclusivelimitededitionpieces.RenssenArtGalleryOpenhours:11:00a.m.—5:30p.m.PaintingsandsculpturesbyDutchartistErikRenssenaredisplayedinanelegantyetinformalsetting.ThegalleryfeaturestheircontemporaryRenssenartworksalongsideanimpressivecollectionofPicasso.ThecombinationofthesetwocollectionsmakesavisittotheRenssenArtGalleryaveryworthwhileexperience.ArchitectureCentreofAmsterdamOpenhours:1:00p.m.—5:00p.m.ArchitectureCentreofAmsterdamisthecentreforarchitecture,urbandesignandlandscapearchitecture.DesignedbyarchitectRenévanZuuk,thebuildingaloneisworthavisit,withitsuniqueshapeandbeautifulviewsovertheOosterdok.Furthermore,itoffersawidevarietyofbooks,mapsanddesignerpieces.EveryFridayfromApriluntilOctober,itoffersalectureonAmsterdam’sarchitecturefollowedbyatwo-hourarchitecturewalk.1.WhatcanwelearnabouttheCowMuseum?A.Itisthelargestpublicmuseumintheworld.B.Ithasacollectionofpaintedcowsforcharity.C.Themajorityofitspiecesareonsaletovisitors.D.Itshandmadeartworkshaveahistoryof12years.2.WhatcanvisitorsdoatArchitectureCentreofAmsterdam?A.Takeaguidedwalk. B.Buysomebooksaboutfamousarchitects.C.Attendalectureaboutarchitecture. D.HaveatalkwitharchitectRenévanZuuk.3.Whichgalleryoffersthelongestopeningtime?A.CowMuseum. B.RenssenArtGallery.C.ArchitectureCentreofAmsterdam. D.RoutePhotoGallery.【答案】1.B2.C3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了荷蘭的四家美術(shù)館?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)CowMuseum部分的“Ithas800piecesandathirdofthemareCowParade(theworld’slargestpublicartevent,hugepaintedcowsauctionedforcharity),proudtobetheonlyplaceintheworldthathastheentirecollection.(它有800件藏品，其中三分之一是奶牛展示，這是世界上最大的公共藝術(shù)活動，為慈善拍賣巨大的彩繪奶牛，它為自己是世界上唯一擁有全部藏品的地方而感到自豪)”可知，該博物館有用于慈善拍賣的彩繪奶牛藏品。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ArchitectureCentreofAmsterdam部分的“EveryFridayfromApriluntilOctober,itoffersalectureonAmsterdam’sarchitecturefollowedbyatwo-hourarchitecturewalk.(從4月到10月的每周五，這里都會舉辦一場關(guān)于阿姆斯特丹建筑的講座，然后是兩個小時的建筑漫步)”可知，在該建筑中心，游客可以參加關(guān)于建筑的講座。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)RoutePhotoGallery部分的“Openhours:10:00a.m.—6:30p.m.(開放時間：上午10時至下午6時30分)”、CowMuseum部分的“Openhours:12:30p.m.—7:00p.m.(開放時間：下午12時30分至7時)”、RenssenArtGallery部分的“Openhours:11:00a.m.—5:30p.m.(開放時間：上午11時至下午5時30分)”和ArchitectureCentreofAmsterdam部分的“Openhours:1:00p.m.—5:00p.m.(開放時間：下午1時至5時)”可知，RoutePhoto畫廊的開放時長為8.5小時，開放時間最長。故選D項(xiàng)。BAboutonceaweek,aveterinarian(獸醫(yī))KwaneStewartheadsdowntoSanDiego’sEastVillagetomakehisrounds,servingthedogs,catsandbirdswhoarethetreasuredpetsofdowntown’shomelesscommunity.Stewart’sparentswerehugeanimallovers.Byage6,heknewhewantedtobeavet.AftergraduationfromaColoradoveterinaryscienceprogram,hespentthenextdecadeasaveterinarian.In2008,heworkedasheadveterinarianatacountry-runanimalshelterinanareastruckbytheGreatRecession.Hesawpetsabandonedandtheworkwasextremelydepressing.Fouryearsintotheshelterjob,Stewartsaidhewasburnedoutwithguiltandreadytoquit.Thenonemorningonhiswaytowork,hesawahomelessmanandadog.Hetreatedthedog’sskinconditionandtheanimalwastransformed.Theownerwasbeyondgratefulandsaid,“Thanksfornotignoringmeandfortreatingmydog.”“Thatwasthemomentforme.Igotbacktosavinganimalsanddoingitonmyownterms.”Stewartsaid.Afewweekslaterhesetupapop-upveterinaryclinicatasoupkitchen,andwhenclientstheresuggestedhetakehisservicesfurther,hisnewjobas“StreetVet”began.Inadditiontotreatingcommondiseases,Stewartoftenprovidesvaccinations(接種疫苗)andgeneralwellnesschecks.Healsopromotes“fear-free”petcare.ManyofthepeopleStewartservesarenotjustgratefulforthehelpbutalsoformadeepbondwithhim,seeinghimassomeonewhonotonlytreatstheirpetsbutalsoacknowledgestheirhumanity.“IcandreamalittlebitthatpeoplefromallovertheworldwillwanttoemulatewhatIdo.”Stewartsaid.Rightnow,heisbuildinganetworkoftrustedvolunteers,technicianswithhospitalsandclinics.“Theseareallpeoplewhojustreachedoutandsaid,‘I’minspiredbywhatyoudo.HowdoIdoit?’”hesaid.4.WhatdoweknowaboutSteward’scurrentjob?A.Herunsananimalshelter.B.Headoptsabandonedpets.C.Heworksforascienceprogram.D.Heattendstohomelesspeople'spets.5.WhyisStewart’sshelterjobmentioned?A.Toexplainhischangeofcareerfocus.B.Toillustratehisprofessionalcompetence.C.Toexplorethefutureoftheindustry.D.Toreflectthechallengesoftheprofession,6.WhatdomanypeoplethinkofSteward?A.He’sodd. B.He’sfrank. C.He’shumble. D.He’smerciful.7.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“emulate”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Followtheexampleof. B.Showrespectfor.C.Puttheblameon. D.Payattentionto.【答案】4.D5.A6.D7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了斯圖爾特在大學(xué)畢業(yè)后成為一名獸醫(yī)，后來因?yàn)楣ぷ髟颍_始為流浪人群的寵物提供治療，并獲得了很大的反響?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Aboutonceaweek,aveterinarianKwaneStewartheadsdowntoSanDiego’sEastVillagetomakehisrounds,servingthedogs,catsandbirdswhoarethetreasuredpetsofdowntown'shomelesscommunity.(大約每周一次，獸醫(yī)克瓦恩·斯圖爾特前往圣地亞哥的東村巡視，為市中心無家可歸者社區(qū)珍愛的寵物狗、貓和鳥提供服務(wù)。)”可知，斯圖爾特目前的工作是照料無家可歸者的寵物。故選D項(xiàng)。【5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Hesawpetsabandonedandtheworkwasextremelydepressing.Fouryearsintotheshelterjob,Stewartsaidhewasburnedoutwithguiltandreadytoquit.(他看到寵物被遺棄，工作非常令人沮喪。在收容所工作了四年后，斯圖爾特說他感到內(nèi)疚，準(zhǔn)備辭職。)”以及第三段“Thenonemorningonhiswaytowork,hesawahomelessmanandadog.Hetreatedthedog'sskinconditionandtheanimalwastransformed.Theownerwasbeyondgratefulandsaid,“Thanksfornotignoringmeandfortreatingmydog.”“Thatwasthemomentforme.Igotbacktosavinganimalsanddoingitonmyownterms.”Stewartsaid.(一天早上，在他上班的路上，他看到一個無家可歸的人和一條狗。他治療了狗的皮膚狀況，這只動物被治療了。主人非常感激地說：“謝謝你沒有忽視我，還照顧我的狗。”“對我來說就是那個時刻。我重新開始拯救動物，并按照自己的方式去做?！彼箞D爾特說。)”和第四段中“Afewweekslaterhesetupapop-upveterinaryclinicatasoupkitchen,andwhenclientstheresuggestedhetakehisservicesfurther,hisnewjobas“StreetVet”began.(幾周后，他在一個施舍處開了一家臨時獸醫(yī)診所，當(dāng)那里的客戶建議他進(jìn)一步提供服務(wù)時，他的新工作“街頭獸醫(yī)”開始了。)”可推知，文章先講述斯圖爾特在動物收容所的工作經(jīng)歷，因看到寵物被遺棄而感到沮喪，幾乎要辭職。之后遇到一位無家可歸者和他的狗，給狗治療后，斯圖爾特決定以自己的方式拯救動物，開啟了街頭獸醫(yī)的工作。所以提及收容所工作是為了解釋他職業(yè)重心的轉(zhuǎn)變。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“ManyofthepeopleStewartservesarenotjustgratefulforthehelpbutalsoformadeepbondwithhim,seeinghimassomeonewhonotonlytreatstheirpetsbutalsoacknowledgestheirhumanity.(斯圖爾特服務(wù)的許多人不僅感激他的幫助，而且還與他建立了深厚的聯(lián)系，認(rèn)為他不僅善待他們的寵物，而且承認(rèn)他們的人性。)”可推知，斯圖爾特不僅治療寵物還尊重?zé)o家可歸者，可見人們認(rèn)為他仁慈善良。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Rightnow,heisbuildinganetworkoftrustedvolunteers,technicianswithhospitalsandclinics.“Theseareallpeoplewhojustreachedoutandsaid,‘I’minspiredbywhatyoudo.HowdoIdoit?’”hesaid.(現(xiàn)在，他正在建立一個由值得信賴的志愿者、醫(yī)院和診所的技術(shù)人員組成的網(wǎng)絡(luò)?！斑@些人都愿意提供提援助，說，‘我被你所做的事情所鼓舞。我該怎么做呢？’”他說。)”可知，很多人受斯圖爾特啟發(fā)，詢問如何做，說明他希望人們效仿他的做法?！癳mulate”意思是“效仿，模仿”，和A選項(xiàng)Followtheexampleof“效仿”意思相近。故選A項(xiàng)。CArmwrestling(扳手腕)wasoneofmyfavoritewaysofplayingwithmybrothersgrowingup.Itallowedmyyoungerbrotherandmetotestourstrengthwithoutgettingtackled.Ialsoputupagoodfightwhenarmwrestingwithmyolderbrotherandhisfriends.Theirgreaterstrengthandexperiencemadethechallengeevenmoreinteresting.Everymatchseemedtoendinagoodlaughnomatterwhowon.NowI’mascientistwhostudiesanimalsinthewild.Ihaveseenthatplayingisagreatwaytosocialize;thereissomuchmoretoplaythanfunandgames.Whenhumansandotheranimalsplay,theyarebuildingtrustwithsiblingsandfriends.Theylearnhowfartheycanpushtheirpartnersbeforeanyonebecomesangryorphysicallyhurt.That’scalled“testingboundaries.”O(jiān)lderplaymatesmayself-handicap,appearingtobelesscompetentthantheyreallyaretohelpyoungerplayerslearnskillsandexploretheirabilities.Playoffersasafespace,whereeveryoneknowstherulesandcanexperimentwithnewwaystomove,think,andrespondtoothers.Overthepast30years,I’velearnedalotaboutplaybywatchingyoungmaleelephantstesttheirstrengththroughsparring(拳擊)gameswiththeirfriendsandsuperiors.Groupsparringmatchesarecommonatsunset,whenseveraldifferentelephantfamiliesshowupatthewaterholetodrink.Aftertheinitialexcitementofthearrivalandagoodlongdrink,youngmalesslipawayfromthesidesoftheirwatchfulmomsandauntstoformsparringrings.Aneldersistermakessurethattheplayingdoesn’tgetoutofhand,sosheiseverpresentwithatrunkonthebackorovertheheadtocalmtheenthusiasm.Thatway,theyoungermalesdon’tenduponthebottomofthepile.Watchingyoungelephantssparremindsmethatplayshouldbepartofoureverydayschedule—thelessstructure,thebetter.8.Whatdoestheauthorwanttosaybymentioninghis/herchildhoodexperience?A.Winningisnotthetruemeaningofplay. B.Childrenprefertoplaytraditionalgames.C.Playisessentialinchildren’sdevelopment. D.Armwrestlingisasafewaytoteststrength.9.Whatbenefitofplaydoestheauthoremphasize?A.Itbringsfun. B.Itenablesboundarybreaking.C.Itsettlesconflicts. D.Itdevelopssocializingskills.10.Howdoolderplaymateshelptheyoungertolearnduringplaytime?A.Bypretendingtobeweaker. B.Bywarningthemofrisks.C.Bytestingtheircompetence. D.Byteachingnecessaryskills.11.Howwouldtheauthordescribetheelephant’ssparringgames?A.Safeandfair. B.Notstrictlycontrolled.C.Well-organized. D.Highlycompetitive.【答案】8.C9.D10.A11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了扳手腕這一游戲在作者成長過程中的意義，以及玩耍對于人類和動物社交、學(xué)習(xí)技能、建立信任等方面的重要性?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Armwrestling(扳手腕)wasoneofmyfavoritewaysofplayingwithmybrothersgrowingup.Itallowedmyyoungerbrotherandmetotestourstrengthwithoutgettingtackled.Ialsoputupagoodfightwhenarmwrestlingwithmyolderbrotherandhisfriends.Theirgreaterstrengthandexperiencemadethechallengeevenmoreinteresting.Everymatchseemedtoendinagoodlaugh,nomatterwhowon.(扳手腕是我小時候與兄弟們玩耍的最愛之一。它讓我和弟弟能夠測試我們的力量，而又不會真的動手打架。在與哥哥和他的朋友們扳手腕時，我也會全力以赴。他們更強(qiáng)的力量和豐富的經(jīng)驗(yàn)使得這場較量更加有趣。無論誰贏，每場比賽似乎都以歡聲笑語告終。)”以及第二段“NowI’mascientistwhostudiesanimalsinthewild.Ihaveseenthatplayingisagreatwaytosocialize;thereissomuchmoretoplaythanfunandgames.(如今，我是一名研究野生動物的科學(xué)家。我發(fā)現(xiàn)，玩耍是社交的一種絕佳方式；玩耍的意義遠(yuǎn)不止于娛樂和游戲。)”可知，文章開頭作者先講述了自己小時候與兄弟們扳手腕的經(jīng)歷，描述了當(dāng)時玩扳手腕不管誰贏大家最后都會開心大笑的場景。接著引出后文自己作為研究野生動物的科學(xué)家，闡述關(guān)于玩耍在社交等方面的重要意義。由此可推測，作者提及童年經(jīng)歷是為了引出玩耍這個話題，進(jìn)而說明玩耍對于成長發(fā)展有著諸多重要作用，就像小時候玩耍給自己帶來的種種積極影響一樣，所以其目的是想表明玩耍在兒童發(fā)展中是至關(guān)重要的。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“NowI’mascientistwhostudiesanimalsinthewild.Ihaveseenthatplayingisagreatwaytosocialize;thereissomuchmoretoplaythanfunandgames.(如今，我是一名研究野生動物的科學(xué)家。我發(fā)現(xiàn)，玩耍是社交的一種絕佳方式；玩耍的意義遠(yuǎn)不止于娛樂和游戲。)”可知，作者認(rèn)為玩耍是一種很好的社交方式。故選D?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Olderplaymatesmayself-handicap,appearingtobelesscompetentthantheyreallyaretohelpyoungerplayerslearnskillsandexploretheirabilities.(年長的玩伴可能會自我設(shè)限，表現(xiàn)得比自己實(shí)際的能力要差，以幫助年輕的玩伴學(xué)習(xí)技能并探索自己的能力。)”可知，年長玩伴是通過假裝自己比較弱來幫助年幼者學(xué)習(xí)的。故選A?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第五段“Aneldersistermakessurethattheplayingdoesn’tgetoutofhand,sosheiseverpresentwithatrunkonthebackorovertheheadtocalmtheenthusiasm.Thatway,theyoungermalesdon’tenduponthebottomofthepile.(一位年長的姐姐會確保玩耍不會失控，所以她總是用鼻子搭在背上或頭上，以平息大家的熱情。這樣，年輕的雄性大象就不會在打斗中處于下風(fēng)。)”可知，有年長的姐姐在旁邊確保玩耍不會失控，用象鼻放在后背或者頭上來平息過于高漲的熱情，以防年幼的雄性大象陷入危險(xiǎn)境地，但并沒有嚴(yán)格的、完整細(xì)致的管控體系，整體來說大象的拳擊游戲不是嚴(yán)格被控制的。故選B。DBuildingartificialintelligencesthatsleepanddreamcanleadtomoredependablemodels,accordingtoresearcherswhoaimtomimic(模仿)thebehaviorofthehumanbrain.ConcettoSpampinatoandhisresearchmembersattheUniversityofCatania,Italy,werelookingforwaystoavoidaphenomenonknownas“disastrousforgetting”,whereanAImodeltrainedtodoanewtasklosestheabilitytocarryoutjobsitpreviouslyexcelledat.Forinstance,amodeltrainedtoidentifyanimalscouldlearntospotdifferentfishspecies,butthenmightloseitsabilitytorecognizebirds.TheydevelopedamethodoftrainingAIcalledWake-SleepConsolidatedLearning(WSCL),whichmimicsthewaythatourbrainsreorganizeshort-termmemoriesofdailylearningwhenweareasleep.Besidestheusualtrainingforthe“awake”phase,modelsusingWSCLareprogrammedtohaveperiodsof“sleep”,wheretheyanalyzeawakedatafromearlierlessons.Thisissimilartohumanspottingconnectionsandpatternswhilesleeping.WSCLalsohasaperiodof“dreaming”,whichinvolvesnoveldatamadefromcombiningpreviousconcepts.Thishelpstointegratepreviouspathsofdigital“neurons(神經(jīng)元)”,freeingupspaceforfutureconcepts.Italsopreparesunusedneuronswithpatternsthatwillhelpthempickupnewlessonsmoreeasily.TheresearcherstestedthreeAImodelsusingatraditionaltrainingmethod,followedbyWSCLtraining.Thentheycomparedperformancesforimageidentification.Thesleep-trainedmodelswere2to12percentmorelikelytocorrectlyidentifythecontentsofanimage.Theyalsomeasuredanincreaseinhowmucholdknowledgeamodelusestolearnanewtask.Despitetheresults,AndrewRogoyskiattheUniversityofSurrey,UK,saysusingthehumanbrainasablueprintisn’tnecessarilythebestwaytoboostAIperformance.Instead,hesuggestsmimickingdolphins,whichcan“sleep”withonepartofthebrainwhileanotherpartremainsactive.Afterall,anAIthatrequireshoursofsleepisn’tidealforcommercialapplications.12.WSCLwasdevelopedtohelpimproveAI’s______.Areliability B.creativity C.security D.popularity13.WhatdomodelsusingWSCLdoduringthe“sleeping”periods?A.Generatenewdata. B.Processpreviousdata.C.Receivedataforlateranalysis. D.Savedataforthe“awake”phase.14.Whatisparagraph5mainlyabout?A.TheapplicationofWSCL. B.ThebenefitsofAIresearch.C.Thefindingsoftheresearch. D.TheunderlyinglogicofWSCL.15.WhichbestdescribesAndrew’sattitudetowardsthesleep-trainedmodels?A.Cautious. B.Prejudiced. C.Pessimistic. D.Unconcerned.【答案】12.A13.B14.C15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了為了幫助提高AI的可靠性，研究人員開發(fā)了一種訓(xùn)練人工智能的方法，稱為“醒—睡聯(lián)合學(xué)習(xí)（WSCL）”，它模仿我們的大腦在睡覺時重組日常學(xué)習(xí)的短期記憶的方式?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Buildingartificialintelligencesthatsleepanddreamcanleadtomoredependablemodels,accordingtoresearcherswhoaimtomimic(模仿)thebehaviorofthehumanbrain.(據(jù)旨在模仿人類大腦行為的研究人員稱，構(gòu)建睡眠和做夢的人工智能可以產(chǎn)生更可靠的模型)”可知，開發(fā)WSCL是為了幫助提高AI的可靠性。故選A?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Besidestheusualtrainingforthe“awake”phase,modelsusingWSCLareprogrammedtohaveperiodsof“sleep”,wheretheyanalyzeawakedatafromearlierlessons.(除了通常的“清醒”階段的訓(xùn)練之外，使用WSCL的模型還被編程為有“睡眠”階段，在那里它們分析來自早期課程的清醒數(shù)據(jù))”可知，使用WSCL的模型在“睡眠”期間處理之前的數(shù)據(jù)。故選B。【14題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第五段“TheresearcherstestedthreeAImodelsusingatraditionaltrainingmethod,followedbyWSCLtraining.Thentheycomparedperformancesforimageidentification.Thesleep-trainedmodelswere2to12percentmorelikelytocorrectlyidentifythecontentsofanimage.Theyalsomeasuredanincreaseinhowmucholdknowledgeamodelusestolearnanewtask.(研究人員使用傳統(tǒng)的訓(xùn)練方法測試了三個人工智能模型，然后進(jìn)行了WSCL訓(xùn)練。然后，他們比較了圖像識別的表現(xiàn)。經(jīng)過睡眠訓(xùn)練的模型正確識別圖像內(nèi)容的可能性要高出2%到12%。他們還測量了模型在學(xué)習(xí)新任務(wù)時使用的舊知識的增加)”可知，第5段的主要內(nèi)容是研究的結(jié)果。故選C。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Despitetheresults,AndrewRogoyskiattheUniversityofSurrey,UK,saysusingthehumanbrainasablueprintisn’tnecessarilythebestwaytoboostAIperformance.Instead,hesuggestsmimickingdolphins,whichcan“sleep”withonepartofthebrainwhileanotherpartremainsactive.Afterall,anAIthatrequireshoursofsleepisn’tidealforcommercialapplications.(盡管取得了這些成果，英國薩里大學(xué)的安德魯·羅戈伊斯基表示，使用人類大腦作為藍(lán)圖并不一定是提高人工智能性能的最佳方式。相反，他建議模仿海豚，海豚可以在大腦的一部分“睡覺”時，另一部分保持活躍。畢竟，需要長時間睡眠的人工智能并不適合商業(yè)應(yīng)用)”可知，安德魯對睡眠訓(xùn)練模特是謹(jǐn)慎態(tài)度。故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題，每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Researchhasshownthatmindfuleatinghaspositiveimpactsonpeople,soit’sbeneficialtoknowhowtoeatmoremindfully.Herearesometechniquesforeatingatahealthypace.Removealldistractionswhileyoueat.____16____Makesureyourcellphoneisfacedownandyou’renotgoingtoberespondingtoanymessagesthatcomethrough.Takeenoughtimetofinishyourmeal.Evenwithalldistractionsremoved,veryoftenyoustillfindyourselfeatingfasterthanyoushould.____17____Ittakesaboutthattimeforyourbodytogetthesignaltothebrainthatyouarefull.____18____Youmightwonderhowtospend20wholeminuteseatingasandwich.Onewaytoslowdownistoengageyoursensesandthinkthroughallthedetailsaboutyourmeal.Askyourself:What’sonmyplate?HowhungryamItoday?Isittoosalty?Noticethesmell,thetasteandwhateverothersensesthatariseasyoueat.Limittheamountofthefoodyoumightmunchon(大口吃)mindlessly.Putasmallamountofsnackfood,likepotatochips,inaseparatebowltohelpavoidmindlessmunching.____19____Puttingasidesomeofthefoodcanhelpyoueatlessatahealthierpace.Actuallychew.Ifyou’rewolfingdown(狼吞虎咽)yourfoodyou’reprobablynotchewingit.Andchewingisanimportantpartofdigestion.____20____Lookateachbitebeforeputtingitintoyourmouth,acknowledgewhatyou’reeatingandchew,chew,chew.A.Noticeallthelittledetailsaboutyourfood.B.Limityourtimeforamealwithin20minutes.C.Ithelpsbreakupthefoodssoit’seasierforabsorption.D.Watchoutforyourfoodintakeandthetimeyouspendonit.E.Whenyousitdowntoeat,spendatleast20minutesdoingso.F.Ifyouhaveawholebagofit,itischallengingtostopafterseveralbites.G.Theycanlimityourabilitytoenjoyyourfoodandnoticewhenyouarefull.【答案】16.G17.E18.A19.F20.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了一些健康飲食的技巧?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Removealldistractionswhileyoueat.(吃飯時排除一切干擾。)”可知，本句承接上文說明“吃飯時排除一切干擾”這么做的原因。故G選項(xiàng)“它們會限制你享受食物的能力，也會限制你注意到自己已經(jīng)吃飽了?！狈险Z境，故選G?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Takeenoughtimetofinishyourmeal.Evenwithalldistractionsremoved,veryoftenyoustillfindyourselfeatingfasterthanyoushould.(花足夠的時間吃完你的飯。即使排除了所有的干擾，你仍然經(jīng)常發(fā)現(xiàn)自己吃得比你應(yīng)該吃的快。)”以及后文“Ittakesaboutthattimeforyourbodytogetthesignaltothebrainthatyouarefull.(大約需要這段時間，你的身體才會向大腦發(fā)出你吃飽了的信號。)”可知，本句主要針對吃飯花費(fèi)的時間提出建議。故E選項(xiàng)“當(dāng)你坐下來吃飯時，至少花20分鐘這樣做?！狈险Z境，故選E?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容“Youmightwonderhowtospend20wholeminuteseatingasandwich.Onewaytoslowdownistoengageyoursensesandthinkthroughallthedetailsaboutyourmeal.Askyourself:What’sonmyplate?HowhungryamItoday?Isittoosalty?Noticethesmell,thetasteandwhateverothersensesthatariseasyoueat.(你可能想知道如何花整整20分鐘吃一個三明治。放慢速度的一種方法是調(diào)動你的感官，仔細(xì)考慮你吃飯的所有細(xì)節(jié)。問問你自己：我的盤子里有什么？我今天有多餓？是不是太咸了？注意你吃東西時產(chǎn)生的氣味、味道和其他感覺。)”可知，后文提到注意你吃東西時產(chǎn)生的氣味、味道和其他感覺，即建議注意食物的細(xì)節(jié)。故A選項(xiàng)“注意食物的所有細(xì)節(jié)。”符合語境，故選A?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Putasmallamountofsnackfood,likepotatochips,inaseparatebowltohelpavoidmindlessmunching.(把少量的零食，如薯片，放在一個單獨(dú)的碗里，以幫助避免無意識地咀嚼。)”可知，上文建議把零食單獨(dú)放在一個碗里，可知本句承接上文，說明這么做的原因。故F選項(xiàng)“如果你有一整袋，吃幾口就停止是很困難的。”符合語境，故選F?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Andchewingisanimportantpartofdigestion.(咀嚼是消化的重要組成部分。)”可知，上文提到了咀嚼的重要性，可知本句說明咀嚼的作用。故C選項(xiàng)“它有助于分解食物，這樣更容易被吸收?！狈险Z境，故選C。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題，每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。In2014,asophomorestudentattheNationalAcademyofChineseTheatreArtswentwithfriendsforabirthdaycelebrationtoBeijingZoo.Littledidheknowthatachance____21____attheaquarium(水族館)therewouldlightalifelongpassion.Fast-forwardtotodayXu,aBeijingnative,has____22____tothetropicalislandofSouthChina’sHainanprovince,whereheservesasacoral____23____foraSanya-basedtropicalbiologicallaboratoryattachedtotheChineseAcademyofSciences.Eachday,hespendsseveralhoursdivingdeepunderthewavestoobserveand____24____thegrowthanddevelopmentofthecreaturesthat____25____himallthoseyearsago.Xu,whoisnicknamed“coralman”,is____26____engagedonsuchsocialmediaplatformsasSinaWeibo,whereheregularlysharesvisuallyamazingphotosandentertainingvideosofcorals.Heaimsto____27____individualstotakeactioninprotectingcoralreefs(珊瑚礁)andtheoceansasawhole.ForXu,whohadbeenstudyingPekingOperasincechildhood,becomingacoralconservationistwasan____28____turnofevents.Afterhefirstsawcoralsattheaquarium,hebeganto____29____thelocalmarkettolearnaboutcoral_____30_____frommerchantswhoselldecorativeplants,fishandcorals.Healso_____31_____informationonline.Beforelong,hehadsetupasmallfishtankathomeandstartedcultivatingacoral.“Thecoralorganismisquitesensitivetoitsenvironmentandhasextremelyhigh_____32_____forwaterquality,”recallsXu.“WhenIstartedgrowingcoral,itsstatewasnot_____33_____.”ButasXugainedmore_____34_____aboutcoral,includinghowtocontrolfactorslikewatertemperatureandpHlevels,hiscoralgraduallystartedtoflourish.Healsolearnedthatcoralreefsareknownas“tropicalrainforests”and“underwatergardens”oftheocean,providinga_____35_____foraquarterofallseacreatures.21.A.accident B.encounter C.application D.performance22.A.moved B.driven C.appealed D.signaled23.A.educator B.ambassador C.artist D.conservationist24.A.approve B.increase C.document D.smooth25.A.separated B.relieved C.preserved D.fascinated26.A.actively B.finally C.universally D.skillfully27.A.teach B.arrange C.encourage D.force28.A.impractical B.unexpected C.unfortunate D.unacceptable29.A.frequent B.expand C.manage D.improve30.A.selling B.observing C.farming D.decorating31.A.answeredfor B.broughtin C.searchedfor D.gaveout32.A.requirements B.reputations C.periods D.priorities33.A.pure B.good C.confusing D.strict34.A.evidence B.care C.equipment D.knowledge35.A.map B.home C.platform D.container【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.C25.D26.A27.C28.B29.A30.C31.C32.A33.B34.D35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了中國戲曲學(xué)院的學(xué)生徐一唐因一次在水族館內(nèi)邂逅珊瑚的經(jīng)歷而對珊瑚產(chǎn)生了終生的熱愛，他后來成了一名珊瑚保護(hù)主義者?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他不知道，在水族館的一次偶遇會點(diǎn)燃他一生的激情。A.accident事故；B.encounter相遇，邂逅；C.application申請；D.performance表現(xiàn)。根據(jù)上文中的“wentwithfriendsforabirthdaycelebrationtoBeijingZoo”和下文中的“Afterhefirstsawcoralsattheaquarium”可知，他和朋友一起去北京動物園慶生，并沒有特意計(jì)劃，他在這里第一次見到了珊瑚，所以是偶然在水族館遇到了珊瑚。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：快進(jìn)到今天，北京人徐已經(jīng)搬到了中國南部海南省的熱帶島嶼，在那里他是中國科學(xué)院附屬的三亞熱帶生物實(shí)驗(yàn)室的珊瑚保護(hù)主義者。A.moved移動，搬遷；B.driven駕車；C.appealed呼吁；D.signaled發(fā)信號。根據(jù)空后的“tothetropicalislandofSouthChina’sHainanprovince,whereheservesasacoral____3____”可知，身為北京人的徐一唐搬到了海南的熱帶島嶼上工作。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意參考上題。A.educator教育工作者；B.ambassador大使；C.artist藝術(shù)家；D.conservationist環(huán)境保護(hù)主義者。根據(jù)下文中的“Xu,whoisnicknamed‘coralman’”和“Heaimsto____7____individualstotakeactioninprotectingcoralreefs(珊瑚礁)andtheoceansasawhole.”可知，他致力于保護(hù)珊瑚，所以他是一名珊瑚保護(hù)主義者。下文中的“becomingacoralconservationist”也是提示。故選D?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：每天，他都要花幾個小時深入海浪下，觀察和記錄這些年前讓他著迷的生物的生長和發(fā)展。A.approve同意；B.increase（使）增長；C.document記錄；D.smooth使平滑，使光滑。根據(jù)空后的“thegrowthanddevelopmentofthecreatures”可知，這里表示觀察和記錄珊瑚的生長和發(fā)展。故選C?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意參考上題。A.separated（使）分開；B.relieved解除，減輕；C.preserved保護(hù)；D.fascinated深深吸引，迷住。根據(jù)上文中的“l(fā)ightalifelongpassion”可知，他對珊瑚深深迷戀。故選D?！?6題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：被戲稱為“珊瑚俠”的徐活躍在新浪微博等社交媒體平臺上，他經(jīng)常在那里分享珊瑚的驚人視覺照片和娛樂視頻。A.actively積極地；B.finally最終，最后；C.universally全體地；D.skillfully熟練地。根據(jù)句中的“whereheregularlysharesvisuallyamazingphotosandentertainingvideosofcorals”可知，他經(jīng)常在社交媒體平臺上分享珊瑚的照片和視頻，所以他在這些媒體上很活躍。故選A?！?7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他旨在鼓勵個人采取行動，保護(hù)珊瑚礁和整個海洋。A.teach教；B.arrange安排；C.encourage鼓勵；D.force迫使。根據(jù)空后的“individualstotakeactioninprotectingcoralreefs(珊瑚礁)andtheoceansasawhole”可知，他想通過這種方式鼓勵人們行動起來，保護(hù)珊瑚礁和整個海洋。故選C?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：對于從小學(xué)習(xí)京劇的徐來說，成為一名珊瑚保護(hù)主義者是一個意想不到的轉(zhuǎn)折。A.impractical不現(xiàn)實(shí)的；B.unexpected出乎意料的；C.unfortunate不幸的；D.unacceptable不能接受（或允許、同意）的。根據(jù)句中的“Xu,whohadbeenstudyingPekingOperasincechildhood”可知，徐一唐從小學(xué)習(xí)京劇，而現(xiàn)在他卻成了一名珊瑚保護(hù)主義者，這是意想不到的轉(zhuǎn)變。故選B?！?9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在水族館第一次看到珊瑚后，他開始經(jīng)常光顧當(dāng)?shù)厥袌?，向出售裝飾植物、魚類和珊瑚的商人了解珊瑚養(yǎng)殖。A.frequent常去；B.expand擴(kuò)大，增加；C.manage管理；D.improve提高。根據(jù)空后的“thelocalmarkettolearn”可知，他常去光顧當(dāng)?shù)厥袌?，去了解珊瑚養(yǎng)殖的知識。故選A。【30題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意參考上題。A.selling出售；B.observing觀察；C.farming從事畜牧業(yè)；D.decorating裝飾。根據(jù)下文中的“startedcultivatingacoral”可知，他后來開始養(yǎng)殖珊瑚，所以可知他向商人了解珊瑚養(yǎng)殖的知識。故選C?！?1題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：他還在網(wǎng)上搜索信息。A.answeredfor對……負(fù)責(zé)；B.broughtin請……做，引入；C.searchedfor搜索；D.gaveout分發(fā)，用完。根據(jù)上文中的“l(fā)earnaboutcoral____10____”和空后的“informationonline”可知，他不僅向商人了解珊瑚養(yǎng)殖的知識，還去網(wǎng)上搜索信息。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“珊瑚生物對環(huán)境非常敏感，對水質(zhì)要求極高，”徐回憶道。A.requirements要求；B.reputations聲譽(yù)；C.periods時期；D.priorities優(yōu)先事項(xiàng)。根據(jù)句中的“isquitesensitivetoitsenvironment”可知，珊瑚對環(huán)境很敏感，所以養(yǎng)殖珊瑚對水質(zhì)的要求很高。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我開始種植珊瑚時，它的狀態(tài)并不好。A.pure純的；B.good好的；C.confusing難以理解的；D.strict嚴(yán)厲的。下句的But表明前后句之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，根據(jù)下句“ButasXugainedmore____14____aboutcoral,includinghowtocontrolfactorslikewatertemperatureandpHlevels,hiscoralgraduallystartedtoflourish.”可知，他的珊瑚后來慢慢開始茁壯成長，由此可知，一開始的時候珊瑚的狀態(tài)并不好。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但隨著徐對珊瑚的了解越來越多，包括如何控制水溫和pH值等因素，他的珊瑚逐漸開始茁壯成長。A.evidence證據(jù)；B.care關(guān)心；C.equipment設(shè)備；D.knowledge知識，了解。根據(jù)句中的“includinghowtocontrolfactorslikewatertemperatureandpHlevels”可知，這里指的是關(guān)于珊瑚的知識。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他還了解到，珊瑚礁被稱為“熱帶雨林”和海洋的“水下花園”，為四分之一的海洋生物提供了家園。A.map地圖；B.home家，家園；C.platform平臺；D.conta