2025軍隊(duì)文職人員公開(kāi)招考《英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言文學(xué)》備考模擬題及答案一、詞匯與語(yǔ)法（共20題，每題1分，共20分）1.Thescientistdevotedhimself______theresearchofthenewdrug.A.toB.forC.inD.on答案：A?！癲evoteoneselfto”是固定搭配，表示“致力于，獻(xiàn)身于”，所以選A。2.Itisessentialthathe______thetaskontime.A.finishesB.willfinishC.finishD.finished答案：C。在“Itisessential/important/necessary等+that從句”結(jié)構(gòu)中，從句要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即“should+動(dòng)詞原形”，should可以省略，所以這里用finish。3.Theoldmanhastwosons,______arelawyers.A.bothofthemB.bothofwhoC.bothofwhomD.bothofwhich答案：C。這是一個(gè)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是“sons”，指人，在從句中作賓語(yǔ)，所以用whom，“bothofwhom”表示“他們兩個(gè)都”。4.Theprofessor,aswellashisstudents,______interestedinthenewresearch.A.isB.areC.haveD.has答案：A。當(dāng)主語(yǔ)后面跟有“aswellas”“with”“togetherwith”等連接的詞組時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要與前面的主語(yǔ)保持一致，這里前面的主語(yǔ)是“theprofessor”，是第三人稱單數(shù)，所以用is。5.Ican'tfindmykeys.I______themintheoffice.A.mightleaveB.mustleaveC.mighthaveleftD.musthaveleft答案：C?！癿ighthavedone”表示對(duì)過(guò)去事情的不確定推測(cè)，“musthavedone”表示對(duì)過(guò)去事情的肯定推測(cè)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，這里只是一種不確定的猜測(cè)，所以用mighthaveleft。6.Thenewbridge______nextyearwillgreatlyimprovethetrafficinthisarea.A.builtB.beingbuiltC.tobebuiltD.havingbeenbuilt答案：C?！皌obebuilt”表示將來(lái)要被建造，在句中作后置定語(yǔ)，修飾“thenewbridge”，符合語(yǔ)境。7.Sheistheonlyoneofthestudentswho______passedtheexam.A.haveB.hasC.isD.are答案：B。當(dāng)“oneof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+定語(yǔ)從句”結(jié)構(gòu)中，若有“theonly”修飾“one”時(shí)，定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式，所以用has。8.______withthedifficulty,hedidn'tgiveupeasily.A.FacingB.FacedC.TofaceD.Beingfaced答案：B。“befacedwith”是固定短語(yǔ)，表示“面臨”，這里用過(guò)去分詞形式faced作狀語(yǔ)。9.Themoreyoupractice,______youwillspeakEnglish.A.themorefluentB.themorefluentlyC.morefluentD.morefluently答案：B。“the+比較級(jí)，the+比較級(jí)”表示“越……，就越……”，這里修飾動(dòng)詞speak要用副詞fluently的比較級(jí)morefluently。10.Heisnot______tolifttheheavybox.A.enoughstrongB.strongenoughC.sostrongD.asstrong答案：B?！癳nough”修飾形容詞或副詞時(shí)，要放在形容詞或副詞的后面，所以“strongenough”表示“足夠強(qiáng)壯”。11.Thebook,______isveryinteresting,waswrittenbyafamouswriter.A.whichB.thatC.whoD.whose答案：A。這是一個(gè)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是“thebook”，指物，在從句中作主語(yǔ)，所以用which。12.Theyhadnosoonerarrivedattheairport______theplanetookoff.A.whenB.thanC.asD.while答案：B?！皀osooner...than...”是固定搭配，表示“一……就……”。13.Heisalwaysthefirst______andthelast______.A.coming;leavingB.tocome;toleaveC.comes;leavesD.come;leave答案：B。當(dāng)名詞前有序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)，后面要用動(dòng)詞不定式作后置定語(yǔ)，所以“thefirsttocome”“thelasttoleave”。14.Theproblem______atthemeetingyesterdayisveryimportant.A.discussingB.discussedC.todiscussD.tobediscussed答案：B?！皃roblem”和“discuss”之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且“discuss”這個(gè)動(dòng)作已經(jīng)在昨天的會(huì)議上發(fā)生了，所以用過(guò)去分詞discussed作后置定語(yǔ)。15.Idon'tthinkhewillcome,______?A.willheB.won'theC.doID.don'tI答案：A。當(dāng)主句是“Idon'tthink/believe/suppose等+賓語(yǔ)從句”時(shí)，反意疑問(wèn)句要與從句的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)保持一致，且要根據(jù)否定轉(zhuǎn)移的情況來(lái)判斷，這里從句的主語(yǔ)是he，謂語(yǔ)是willcome，否定形式是won'tcome，所以反意疑問(wèn)句用willhe。16.Shesuggestedthatwe______ameetingatonce.A.heldB.wouldholdC.holdD.willhold答案：C?！皊uggest”表示“建議”時(shí)，后面的賓語(yǔ)從句要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即“should+動(dòng)詞原形”，should可以省略，所以用hold。17.Thehouse______windowsfacesouthismine.A.whoseB.whichC.thatD.ofwhich答案：A?！皐hose”在定語(yǔ)從句中作定語(yǔ)，修飾“windows”，表示“房子的窗戶”。18.Hehasbeenworkinghere______hegraduatedfromcollege.A.sinceB.beforeC.afterD.until答案：A?！皊ince”引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，主句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，符合這里的語(yǔ)境。19.______isknowntoall,theearthisround.A.ThatB.WhichC.AsD.It答案：C?！癮s”引導(dǎo)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句，可以放在句首、句中或句末，“asisknowntoall”表示“眾所周知”。20.Thenews______hewonthefirstprizeisexciting.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.who答案：A?！皌hat”引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句，解釋說(shuō)明“thenews”的具體內(nèi)容。二、閱讀理解（共3篇，每篇5題，每題2分，共30分）Passage1Inmodernsociety,stressisacommonphenomenon.Peopleofallagesandoccupationsarefacingvariouskindsofstress.Stresscancomefromwork,family,relationships,andevenfromdailylifeevents.Whenpeopleareunderstress,theymayexperiencephysicalandpsychologicalsymptoms.Physically,theymayhaveheadaches,backaches,andhighbloodpressure.Psychologically,theymayfeelanxious,depressed,andirritable.However,notallstressisbad.Somestresscanbemotivatingandhelppeopleperformbetter.Forexample,thestressofanupcomingexamcanmakestudentsstudyharder.Butifthestressistoointenseorlastsforalongtime,itcanhavenegativeeffectsonpeople'shealthandwell-being.Todealwithstress,peoplecanadoptdifferentstrategies.Onewayistoexerciseregularly.Exercisecanreleaseendorphins,whicharenaturalmood-lifters.Anotherwayistopracticerelaxationtechniques,suchasdeepbreathing,meditation,andyoga.Socialsupportisalsoimportant.Talkingtofriends,family,oracounselorcanhelppeoplesharetheirfeelingsandgetdifferentperspectives.1.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?A.Stressisonlyaproblemformodernpeople.B.Allstressisbadforpeople'shealth.C.Stressisacommonphenomenonandtherearewaystodealwithit.D.Peopleshouldavoidstressatallcosts.答案：C。文章首先指出壓力是現(xiàn)代社會(huì)的常見(jiàn)現(xiàn)象，接著說(shuō)明壓力帶來(lái)的影響，包括好的和壞的方面，最后介紹了應(yīng)對(duì)壓力的方法，所以C選項(xiàng)最能概括文章主旨。2.Whichofthefollowingisaphysicalsymptomofstress?A.Anxiety.B.Headache.C.Depression.D.Irritability.答案：B。文章中提到“Physically,theymayhaveheadaches,backaches,andhighbloodpressure”，而“Anxiety”“Depression”“Irritability”是心理癥狀，所以選B。3.Whatcanthestressofanupcomingexamdo?A.Itcanmakestudentsstudyharder.B.Itcancausestudentstofailtheexam.C.Ithasnoeffectonstudents'performance.D.Itcanmakestudentsfeelmorerelaxed.答案：A。文中提到“Forexample,thestressofanupcomingexamcanmakestudentsstudyharder”，所以選A。4.Howcanexercisehelpdealwithstress?A.Bymakingpeoplesleepmore.B.Byreleasingendorphins.C.Bymakingpeopleeatmore.D.Byincreasingbloodpressure.答案：B。根據(jù)文章“Exercisecanreleaseendorphins,whicharenaturalmood-lifters”可知，運(yùn)動(dòng)能釋放內(nèi)啡肽，有助于應(yīng)對(duì)壓力，所以選B。5.Whyissocialsupportimportantindealingwithstress?A.Becauseitcanmakepeopleforgettheirproblems.B.Becauseitcanmakepeoplemorestressed.C.Becauseitcanhelppeoplesharetheirfeelingsandgetdifferentperspectives.D.Becauseitcanmakepeopleexercisemore.答案：C。文中提到“Socialsupportisalsoimportant.Talkingtofriends,family,oracounselorcanhelppeoplesharetheirfeelingsandgetdifferentperspectives”，所以選C。Passage2Literatureisamirrorofsociety.Itreflectsthevalues,beliefs,andcustomsofaparticulartimeandplace.Differentliterarygenres,suchasnovels,poems,andplays,offerdifferentwaysofrepresentingtheworld.Novels,forexample,canprovideadetailedandin-depthviewofsociety.Theyoftenhavecomplexplotsandalargenumberofcharacters.Throughthecharacters'experiencesandinteractions,readerscanunderstandthesocialandculturalcontextinwhichthenovelisset.Poems,ontheotherhand,aremoreconciseandexpressive.Theyuselanguageinacreativewaytoconveyemotionsandideas.Poemscancaptureamomentintimeorexpressadeep-seatedfeeling.Playsaremeanttobeperformedonstage.Theyrelyondialogueandactiontotellastory.Playscanbeapowerfulmediumforsocialandpoliticalcommentary,astheycanreachalargeaudience.Throughouthistory,literaturehasplayedanimportantroleinshapingpublicopinionandpromotingsocialchange.Greatliteraryworkshavetheabilitytoinspire,educate,andentertainpeople.1.Whatdoesliteraturereflect?A.Onlythevaluesofasociety.B.Thevalues,beliefs,andcustomsofaparticulartimeandplace.C.Onlythecustomsofasociety.D.Thefutureofasociety.答案：B。文章明確提到“Literatureisamirrorofsociety.Itreflectsthevalues,beliefs,andcustomsofaparticulartimeandplace”，所以選B。2.Whatcannovelsprovide?A.Asimpleviewofsociety.B.Adetailedandin-depthviewofsociety.C.Onlyadescriptionofcharacters.D.Ashort-termviewofsociety.答案：B。文中說(shuō)“Novels,forexample,canprovideadetailedandin-depthviewofsociety”，所以選B。3.Howdopoemsconveyemotionsandideas?A.Byusingcomplexplots.B.Byusingalargenumberofcharacters.C.Byusinglanguageinacreativeway.D.Byrelyingondialogueandaction.答案：C。根據(jù)“Poems,ontheotherhand,aremoreconciseandexpressive.Theyuselanguageinacreativewaytoconveyemotionsandideas”可知，選C。4.Whatisspecialaboutplays?A.Theyareonlyforasmallaudience.B.Theyrelyondialogueandactiontotellastory.C.Theycannotbeusedforsocialandpoliticalcommentary.D.Theyarenotmeanttobeperformedonstage.答案：B。文章提到“Playsaremeanttobeperformedonstage.Theyrelyondialogueandactiontotellastory”，所以選B。5.Whatrolehasliteratureplayedthroughouthistory?A.Ithasonlyentertainedpeople.B.Ithasonlyeducatedpeople.C.Ithasplayedanimportantroleinshapingpublicopinionandpromotingsocialchange.D.Ithashadnoinfluenceonsociety.答案：C。文中說(shuō)“Throughouthistory,literaturehasplayedanimportantroleinshapingpublicopinionandpromotingsocialchange”，所以選C。Passage3TheIndustrialRevolutionwasaperiodofsignificantchangeinthe18thand19thcenturies.ItbeganinBritainandthenspreadtootherpartsoftheworld.DuringtheIndustrialRevolution,thereweremajoradvancementsinmanufacturing,transportation,andcommunication.Factoriesreplacedhand-madeproduction,andmachineswereusedtoproducegoodsonalargescale.Thisledtoanincreaseinproductivityandeconomicgrowth.ThedevelopmentofsteampowerwasakeyfactorintheIndustrialRevolution.Steamengineswereusedinfactories,mines,andtransportation.Theinventionofthesteamlocomotiverevolutionizedtransportation,makingitfasterandmoreefficient.TheIndustrialRevolutionalsohadaprofoundimpactonsociety.Itledtourbanizationaspeoplemovedfromruralareastocitiestoworkinfactories.Thiscausedovercrowding,poorlivingconditions,andsocialproblemsinthecities.However,italsobroughtsomepositivechanges.Itcreatednewjobopportunitiesandimprovedthestandardoflivingformanypeopleinthelongrun.Italsoledtothedevelopmentofnewtechnologiesandscientificdiscoveries.1.WhendidtheIndustrialRevolutiontakeplace?A.Inthe16thand17thcenturies.B.Inthe17thand18thcenturies.C.Inthe18thand19thcenturies.D.Inthe19thand20thcenturies.答案：C。文章開(kāi)頭提到“TheIndustrialRevolutionwasaperiodofsignificantchangeinthe18thand19thcenturies”，所以選C。2.Whatreplacedhand-madeproductionduringtheIndustrialRevolution?A.Factories.B.Farms.C.Shops.D.Markets.答案：A。文中說(shuō)“Factoriesreplacedhand-madeproduction,andmachineswereusedtoproducegoodsonalargescale”，所以選A。3.WhatwasakeyfactorintheIndustrialRevolution?A.Thedevelopmentofelectricity.B.Thedevelopmentofsteampower.C.Thedevelopmentofnuclearpower.D.Thedevelopmentofsolarpower.答案：B。“ThedevelopmentofsteampowerwasakeyfactorintheIndustrialRevolution”，所以選B。4.WhatdidtheIndustrialRevolutionleadtointermsofpopulationmovement?A.Peoplemovedfromcitiestoruralareas.B.Peoplemovedfromruralareastocities.C.Therewasnopopulationmovement.D.Peoplemovedtoothercountries.答案：B?！癐tledtourbanizationaspeoplemovedfromruralareastocitiestoworkinfactories”，所以選B。5.WhichofthefollowingisapositivechangebroughtbytheIndustrialRevolution?A.Overcrowdingincities.B.Poorlivingconditionsincities.C.Creationofnewjobopportunities.D.Socialproblemsincities.答案：C。文章提到“However,italsobroughtsomepositivechanges.Itcreatednewjobopportunitiesandimprovedthestandardoflivingformanypeopleinthelongrun”，而“A”“B”“D”都是負(fù)面影響，所以選C。三、翻譯（共2題，每題15分，共30分）1.把下面的中文翻譯成英文：中國(guó)有著悠久的歷史和豐富的文化。它以其壯麗的自然風(fēng)光、古老的建筑和獨(dú)特的傳統(tǒng)而聞名于世。近年來(lái)，中國(guó)在經(jīng)濟(jì)、科技和教育等領(lǐng)域取得了巨大的進(jìn)步。越來(lái)越多的人對(duì)中國(guó)文化感興趣，許多外國(guó)游客來(lái)到中國(guó)體驗(yàn)其獨(dú)特的魅力。Chinahasalonghistoryandrichculture.Itisworld-famousforitsmagnificentnaturalscenery,ancientbuildings,anduniquetraditions.Inrecentyears,Chinahasmadegreatprogressinareassuchaseconomy,scienceandtechnology,andeducation.MoreandmorepeopleareinterestedinChineseculture,andmanyforeigntouristscometoChinatoexperienceitsuniquecharm.2.把下面的英文翻譯成中文：Literatureisnotonlyaformofartbutalsoapowerfultoolforunderstandingtheworld.Throughliterature,wecanexploredifferentcultures,times,andperspectives.Itallowsustostepintotheshoesofcharactersfromdifferentbackgroundsandexperiencetheirjoysandsorrows.Greatliteraryworkscaninspireus,challengeourbeliefs,andbroadenourhorizons.文學(xué)不僅是一種藝術(shù)形式，也是理解世界的有力工具。通過(guò)文學(xué)，我們可以探索不同的文化、時(shí)代和視角。它讓我們能夠設(shè)身處地為不同背景的人物著想，體驗(yàn)他們的喜怒哀樂(lè)。偉大的文學(xué)作品可以激勵(lì)我們，挑戰(zhàn)我們的信仰，并拓寬我們的視野。四、文學(xué)常識(shí)（共10題，每題2分，共20分）1.WhichofthefollowingisaworkofWilliamShakespeare?A.“ParadiseLost”B.“Hamlet”C.“DonJuan”D.“TheWasteLand”答案：B?！癙aradiseLost”是約翰·彌爾頓（JohnMilton）的作品；“Hamlet”是莎士比亞（WilliamShakespeare）的作品；“DonJuan”是拜倫（GeorgeGordonByron）的作品；“TheWasteLand”是艾略特（T.S.Eliot）的作品，所以選B。2.Whoistheauthorof“PrideandPrejudice”?A.JaneAustenB.EmilyBronteC.CharlotteBronteD.GeorgeEliot答案：A?！癙rideandPrejudice”的作者是簡(jiǎn)·奧斯?。↗aneAusten），所以選A。3.Whichofthefollowingisaromanticpoet?A.JohnD