復雜句子的分析語法知識歸納I.復雜句子的分析句型構(gòu)成例示分析長的簡單句一個主語和謂語Islamwasstartedabout1,400yearsagobyamancalledMuhammad.主語：Islam謂語：wasstartedabout1,400yearsagobyamancalledMuhammad并列句由兩個或兩個以上分句，由并列連詞and,or,but,for連接。Honeyissweet,butthebeestings.分句一：Honeyissweet分句二：thebeestings連接詞：but復合句由一個主句和一個或多個從句構(gòu)成。SooncamethenewsthatGermanyhasdeclaredwaronRussia.主句：Sooncamethenews從句：thatGermanyhasdeclaredwaronRussia(同位語從句)復合并列句并列部分和從屬部分同時用在一個句子中。Heshoutedtoattractourattentionandaskedusifwehadwonthepreviousday’smatch.并列部分：Heshoutedtoattractourattentionandasked從句：ifwehadwonthepreviousday’smatchII.簡單句的基本句型復習句子構(gòu)成例示主—動—補(SVC)結(jié)構(gòu)Themanisateacher.主—動(SV)結(jié)構(gòu)Ironrusts.主—動—賓(SVO)結(jié)構(gòu)Liverpoolwonthegame.主—動—賓—賓(SVOO)結(jié)構(gòu)Marylentmehercar.主—動—賓—補(SVOC)結(jié)構(gòu)Wemadehimourspokesman.III.并列連詞的拓展代表詞引申的并列詞例示andboth…and…,notonly…but(also)…,aswellas,and…aswell,not…nor…...either...nor…Theycanbothsinganddance.ShecanneitherspeaknorreadFrench.orWhether…or...,either…or…Eitherthepresidentwillresignthroughillhealth,orhewilldieinoffice.butwhile,whereas,onlySomeofthestudiesshowpositiveresults,whereasothersdonot.I’dlovetoe,onlyIhavetowork.forfor:對前一分句補充說明理由或推斷原因，只能置于句末。Thedoctormusthavesatupallnightwithhispatient,foryousee,helookstiredandsleepy.IV.復合句分類復習復合句匯總分類例示定語從句限制性定語從句Thosewhowanttogopleasesigntheirnameshere.非限制性定語從句Wewillputofftheoutinguntilthenextweek,whenwewon’tbesobusy.名詞性從句主語從句Whetherhewilleornotisunknown.賓語從句Pleasetellmewhetherornotyouagreewithhim.表語從句ThisiswhereIdon’tagree.同位語從句Ihavenoideawhenshewillbeback.狀語從句時間狀語從句Onceyouobjecttoaman,everythinghedoesiswrong.原因狀語從句Nowthatyouareallhere,let’stryandreachadecision.目的狀語從句Wesenttheletterbyairmailinorderthatitmightreachthemingoodtime.結(jié)果狀語從句BringitnearsothatImayseeitbetter.條件狀語從句Aslongaswedon’tloseheart,wewillfindawaytooverethedifficulty.讓步狀語從句Thoughwefightlikecatanddog,westillloveeachother.比較狀語從句She’snolessactivethanheusedtobe.(Sheisasactiveasheusedtobe.)方式狀語從句Hespeaksasiftherewereafroginhisthroat.V.復雜句子的分析舉例復雜句子句子分析ThatamicroorganismiscapableofdestroyingoneofanotherspecieswasfirstdiscoveredbyPaster,whopointedoutthatthismightbeputtotherapeuticuse.（一種微生物能夠破壞另一種微生物，這種現(xiàn)象最早是巴斯德發(fā)現(xiàn)的，他指出這可以應用到醫(yī)療上去。）主語：Thatamicroorganismiscapableofdestroyingoneofanotherspecies（主語從句）謂語：wasdiscovered狀語：firstandbyPasteur從句：whopointedoutthatthismightbeputtotherapeuticuse（非限制性定語從句修飾Paster.，內(nèi)含that引導的賓語從句）Illandsufferingasshewasaftertheinhumantortures,sheyetremainedsocheerfulandconfident,eagertodevotethelittlestrengthlefttohertohelpingtheotherrades.（她受過重刑，而且有病，可她卻這樣愉快，這樣充滿了信心，這樣用盡她所剩的力量來幫助其他同志。）主語：she謂語：remainedsocheerfulandconfident狀語：eagertodevotethelittlestrengthlefttohertohelpingtheotherrades.(表示伴隨狀態(tài))；illandsufferingasshewasaftertheinhumantortures.(讓步狀語從句,兩處狀語均用來修飾謂語。)Thepresentquestionisthatmanypeopleconsiderimpossiblewhatisreallypossibleifeffortismade.（目前的問題是，很多人把努一把力能做到的事看成是做不到的。）主語：thepresentquestion謂語：is+that引導的表語從句在表語從句中：a.主語：manypeopleb.謂語：considerc.復合賓語：impossiblewhatisreallypossibled.狀語從句：ifeffortismade語法拓展訓練一、單項填空。1._________youshowanyfear,thetigerwillattackyou.A.Once B.Until C.TillD.While2.Themasterwillnotattendourmeeting__________he_______free.A.if;willbeB.if;isC.unless;shallbeD.unless;is3.—DoyouhaveanyideawhatHankdoesallday?—IknowhespendsatleastasmuchtimewatchingTVashe__________.A.doeswriting B.writes C.iswriting D.doestowrite4.Iftheway_____youdothejobiswrong,youwillsurelyfail____goodyourideamaybe.A.how;however B./;however C.that;whatever D.inwhich;how5.Shemusthavegoneoutearly,_____shehadnotshownupatbreakfast.A.because B.since C.for D.therefore6._______Icouldwritedownthenumberofthebus,thebushadrunaway.A.Before B.Unless C.Until D.Once7.________,sheknowsthecityverywell.A.AssheisblindB.Asblindsheis C.BlindassheisD.Sheisasblind8.Christiestaredangrilyatherbossandturnedaway,asthough______outoftheoffice.A.togo B.went C.gone D.wouldgo9.—Excuseme,isthereagasstationaround_______Icanfillupmytank?—Ofcourse,thereisoneattheendoftheroad.A.that B.inwhich C.where D.which10.Iwasadvisedtoarrangeforinsurance_____Ineededsomemedicaltreatment.A.sothat B.incase C.forfearof D.though11.—Doyouremember_______ourmanagercame?—Yes,Ido,hecameinhiscar.A.howB.whenC.thatD.if12._________themangrewolder,helostinterestineverythingexceptgardening.A.WithB.SinceC.WhileD.As13.Doingyourhomeworkisawaytoimproveyourtestscores,andthisisespeciallytrue_____it_____classroomtests.A.before;gets B.as;makesC.since;takes D.when;esto14.Whenhereadsbooks,hishabitistomakeamark_______themeaningisuncleartohim.A.there B.wherever C.theplace D.inwhich15.Itwasnot______hetookoffhisdarkglasses_____Irealizedhewasafamousfootballstar.A.when;that B.until;did C.when;then D.until;that16.Theboydivedintothewaterandafter_____seemedtobealongtime,hecameupagain.A.what B.that C.it D.which17.Thesetwoareasaresimilar_____theybothhaveahighrainfallduringthisseason.A.exceptthat B.inwhich C.inthat D.sothat 18.Smallsailboatscaneasilyturnoverinthewater_____theyarenotmanagedcarefully.A.thoughB.untilC.beforeD.if19.ScientistsbelievenativeAmericansarrivedbycrossingthelandbridgethatconnectedSiberiaand________morethan10,000yearsago.A.thisisAlaska B.Alaskaisnow C.isnowAlaska D.whatisnowAlaska20.Lookatthewatch.Don’tyouseeitis______watch_______Helenlosttheotherday?A.asthesame;as B.thesame;as C.thesame;which D.asthesame;that21.Youshouldputthedictionary_______youcanfinditeasily.A.whereB.theplaceC.theplaceonwhichD.what22.Shesaidtome,“I’lltellyoutheresultoftest_______Iknowit.”A.becauseB.themomentC.afterD.though23.Thatisthereason______hegaveusforcarryingouttheplan.A.because B.why C.how D.that24.Wasitinthevillage______weusedtolivein______theaccidenthappened?A.where;that B.which;that C.that;where D.where;which25.Thehours_______thechildrenspendintheironewayrelationshipwithtelevisionpeopleundoubtedlyaffectedtheirrelationshipwithreallifepeople.A.that B.when C.inwhich D.onwhich26.Mr.SmithwillmoveintohisnewhousenextSunday,____itwillbepletelyfinished.A.onthattime B.bywhichtime C.onwhich D.bythetime27.Inthebook,Newtonisshownasagiftedscientistwhostoodatthepointinhistory______magicendedandsciencebegan.A.where B.when C.that D.which28.Thetreatmentwillcontinueuntilthepatientreachesthepoint______hecanwalkcorrectlyandsafely.A.when B.where C.which D.whose29.Inanhour,wecantraveltoplaces______wouldhavetakenourancestorsdaystoreach.A.whatB.whenC.whichD.what30.Ihavemanyfriends,_______somearebusinessmen.A.ofthemB.fromwhichC.whoofD.ofwhom二、選詞填空。thatwhereunlesswhatbecausethatwhereunlesswhatbecausewhilewhateverwhenandwhenever1.—DidyoureturnFred’scall?—Ididn’tneedto________I’llseehimtomorrow.2.Thepaniesareworkingtogethertocreate_______theyhopewillbethebestmeansoftransportinthe21stcentury.3.We’llhaveapicnicintheparkthisSunday________itrainsorit’sverycold.4.TheMississippiRiveristheplace_________MarkTwainspentmuchofhischildhood.5.Ithasbeenproved________eatingvegetablesinchildhoodhelpstoprotectyouagainstseriousillnessesinlaterlife.6.Theartistwasbornpoor,________poorheremainedallhislife.7.Theroofleaks________itrains.8.Occasionsarequiterare_________Ihavethetimetospendadaywithmykids.9.Insomeplaceswomenareexpectedtoearnmoney_________menworkathomeandraisetheirchildren.10.Youhaveoursupport,________youdecide.三、句子改錯。1.Ifhewilleornotisunknown.2.Hehaswontheprizeistrue.3.Thequestionisthatwhetheritisworthtrying.4.Iamsatisfiedthatyouhavedoneisright.5.I’llgivethegifttowhomeveresfirst.6.Somechildrenwanttochallengethemselvesbylearningalanguagedifferentfromwhichtheirparentsspeakathome.7.Don’tpromiseanythingwhenyouareonehundredpercentsure.8.TomorrowisTom’sbirthday.Haveyougotanyideathatthepartyistobeheld?9.AsisknowntoallthatTaiwanispartofChina.10.NancyenjoyedherselfsomuchthatshevisitedherfriendsinSydneylastyear.四、中譯英。1.有許多種運動，但我最喜歡的是散步。_______________________________________________________2.你說英語不重要，這是我不同意之處。_______________________________________________________3.學英語最重要的是足夠的練習。_________________________________________________________4．一旦你有信心，你就能在面試中獲得成功。_________________________________________________________5.明天我們是否去野營取決于天氣。__________________________________________________________五、真題回顧。Seetheflagsontopofthebuilding?Thatwas___wedidthismorning.A.when B.which C.where D.what2.____hehaslimitedtechnicalknowledge,theoldworkerhasalotofexperience.A.Since B.Unless C.As D.although3.Pleaseremindme___hesaidhewasgoing,Imaybeintimetoseehimoff.A.where B.when C.how D.what4.Itwasnotuntilshegothome___Jenniferrealizedshehadlostherkeys.A.when B.that C.where D.before5.Wethoughttherewere35studentsinthedininghall,___,infact,therewere40.A.while B.whether C.what D.which—Whatdidyourparentsthinkaboutyourdecision?—Theyalwaysletmedo___IthinkIshould.A.when B.that C.how D.what7.Scientistssayitmaybefiveorsixyearsitispossibletotestthismedicineonhumanpatients.A.since B.after C.Before D.whenParentsaretaughttounderstand______importanteducationistotheirchildren’sfuture.A.that B.how C.such D.soIworkinabusiness_________almosteveryoneiswaitingforagreatchance.A.how B.which C.where D.that10.IthinkFatherwouldliketoknow____I'vebeenuptosofar,soIdecidetosendhimaquicknote.(2004湖南)A.which B.why C.what D.how11.Thelawyerseldomwearsanythingotherthanasuit_______theseason.A.whatever B.wherever C.whenever D.however12.—Haveyougotanyideaforthesummervacation?—Idon’tmindwherewego________there’ssun,seaandbeach.A.asif B.as