Chapter4---

EnglishWordFormationTypesofWordFormationAffixation(Prefixation,Suffixation)CompoundingConversionBlendingClippingAcronymy(Initialisms,Acronyms)Back-formationOnomatopoeiaSoundReduplicationCommonizationofProperNamesClipping截短法In

linguistics,

clipping

isthe

wordformationprocesswhichconsistsinthereductionofawordtooneofitsparts(Marchand:1969).longshortExamples:

gasoline

gas

hamburger

burger

delicatessen

deli

microphone

mike4.1.DefinitionThisisbecauseinmoderntimes,peopletendtoeconomicalinwritingandspeechtokeepupwiththetempoofnewlifestyle.Tosavetimeoneislikelytoclipwordsthatarefrequentlyused.4.2.Whydowehaveclippingasawayofword-formation?4.3.Fivecommontypesofclipping:1.Frontclipping2.Backclipping3.Frontandbackclipping4.Middleclipping5.Phraseclipping

robot

bot

Internet

net

turnpike

pike

omnibus

bus

telephone

phone

violoncello

cello

parachute

chute(1).Frontclipping(2).Backclippingdoctor

doc

gasoline

gascablegram

cableexamination

examadvertisement

ad(3).Frontandbackclippinginfluenza

fludetective

tec

prescriptionscript

apollinaris

polly

spectacles

specsmathematicsmaths(4).Middleclipping

(5).Phraseclipping

popular

musicpop

publichouse

pubzoologicalgardenzoopermanentwavespermInsomecases,clippinggiverisetoalterationsinspellingandpronunciation.Thischangeinformandsoundispossiblyduetotheinformalitytypicalofclippedforms.

Forconvenienceandcasualnessinspeech,peopleoftenomitoneortwosyllablesfromaword,andwhenit’swrittendown,anewspellingformiscoinedtosuittheoralform.Eg.refrigerator

fridge

microphone

miketelevision