標(biāo)準(zhǔn)解讀

《GB/T 45885-2025 杏鮑菇》是一項(xiàng)國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，旨在規(guī)范杏鮑菇的產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量要求、檢驗(yàn)方法以及包裝、運(yùn)輸和貯存等環(huán)節(jié)。該標(biāo)準(zhǔn)適用于以商業(yè)為目的種植的杏鮑菇（學(xué)名：Pleurotus eryngii），既包括鮮品也涵蓋了加工制品。根據(jù)文件內(nèi)容，主要規(guī)定了以下幾個(gè)方面：

  1. 術(shù)語(yǔ)與定義：明確了“杏鮑菇”、“子實(shí)體”等相關(guān)專業(yè)術(shù)語(yǔ)的具體含義。
  2. 要求：
    • 外觀特征：描述了優(yōu)質(zhì)杏鮑菇應(yīng)有的外觀特點(diǎn)，如顏色、形狀、大小等，并對(duì)允許存在的缺陷進(jìn)行了限定。
    • 內(nèi)在品質(zhì)：設(shè)定了水分含量、灰分、蛋白質(zhì)等營(yíng)養(yǎng)成分指標(biāo)范圍。
    • 安全性：針對(duì)農(nóng)藥殘留、重金屬污染等安全問(wèn)題提出了嚴(yán)格控制標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。
  3. 試驗(yàn)方法：詳細(xì)介紹了如何進(jìn)行感官評(píng)價(jià)、理化分析及微生物檢測(cè)等操作步驟。
  4. 檢驗(yàn)規(guī)則：說(shuō)明了產(chǎn)品批次劃分原則、抽樣方法以及判定合格與否的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)流程。
  5. 標(biāo)志、標(biāo)簽、包裝、運(yùn)輸與貯存：規(guī)定了產(chǎn)品外包裝上必須標(biāo)注的信息項(xiàng)目；對(duì)于不同類型的產(chǎn)品分別給出了適宜的包裝材料建議；同時(shí)指出了正確的運(yùn)輸條件與最佳保存環(huán)境。


如需獲取更多詳盡信息，請(qǐng)直接參考下方經(jīng)官方授權(quán)發(fā)布的權(quán)威標(biāo)準(zhǔn)文檔。

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文檔簡(jiǎn)介

ICS

65.020.20

CCS

B39

中華人民共和國(guó)國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

GB/T45885—2025

杏鮑菇

Kingoystermushroom

2025-06-30發(fā)布2026-01-01實(shí)施

國(guó)家市場(chǎng)監(jiān)督管理總局發(fā)布

國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化管理委員會(huì)

GB/T45885—2025

目次

前言

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Ⅲ

1

范圍

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1

2

規(guī)范性引用文件

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1

3

術(shù)語(yǔ)和定義

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1

4

要求

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1

4.1

感官要求

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1

4.2

理化要求

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2

4.3

凈含量

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3

5

取樣

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3

6

試驗(yàn)方法

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3

6.1

感官指標(biāo)

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3

6.2

理化指標(biāo)

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3

6.3

凈含量

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3

7

檢驗(yàn)規(guī)則

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3

7.1

組批規(guī)則

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3

7.2

檢驗(yàn)分類

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4

7.3

判定規(guī)則

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4

8

標(biāo)志、標(biāo)簽、包裝、運(yùn)輸和貯存

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4

8.1

標(biāo)志、標(biāo)簽

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4

8.2

包裝

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4

8.3

運(yùn)輸

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4

8.4

貯存

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4

參考文獻(xiàn)

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5

Ⅰ

GB/T45885—2025

前言

本文件按照GB/T1.1—2020《標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化工作導(dǎo)則第1部分：標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化文件的結(jié)構(gòu)和起草規(guī)則》的規(guī)

定起草。

請(qǐng)注意本文件的某些內(nèi)容可能涉及專利。本文件的發(fā)布機(jī)構(gòu)不承擔(dān)識(shí)別專利的責(zé)任。

本文件由中華全國(guó)供銷合作總社提出并歸口。

本文件起草單位：江蘇香如生物科技股份有限公司、山東友和生物科技集團(tuán)股份有限公司、江蘇品品鮮

生物科技股份有限公司、中國(guó)食用菌協(xié)會(huì)、湖北省農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院經(jīng)濟(jì)作物研究所。

本文件主要起草人：徐相如、林啟相、陳長(zhǎng)茂、劉啟燕、徐澤群、鄭重、徐嘉躍、樊玲玲、卓智勇。

Ⅲ

GB/T45885—2025

杏鮑菇

1范圍

本文件界定了杏鮑菇的術(shù)語(yǔ)，規(guī)定了杏鮑菇的要求、取樣、檢驗(yàn)規(guī)則、標(biāo)志、標(biāo)簽、包裝、運(yùn)輸和

貯存，描述了相應(yīng)的試驗(yàn)方法。

本文件適用于工廠化栽培杏鮑菇（Kingoystermushroom）鮮品和干品的生產(chǎn)、檢驗(yàn)和銷售。

2規(guī)范性引用文件

下列文件中的內(nèi)容通過(guò)文中的規(guī)范性引用而構(gòu)成本文件必不可少的條款。其中，注日期的引用文

件，僅該日期對(duì)應(yīng)的版本適用于本文件；不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本（包括所有的修改單）適用

于本文件。

GB/T191包裝儲(chǔ)運(yùn)圖示標(biāo)志

GB5009.3食品安全國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)食品中水分的測(cè)定

GB5009.4食品安全國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)食品中灰分的測(cè)定

GB/T6543運(yùn)輸包裝用單瓦楞紙箱和雙瓦楞紙箱

GB/T12728食用菌術(shù)語(yǔ)

GB/T38581香菇

JJF1070定量包裝商品凈含量計(jì)量檢驗(yàn)規(guī)則

3術(shù)語(yǔ)和定義

GB/T12728界定的以及下列術(shù)語(yǔ)和定義適用于本文件。

3.1

杏鮑菇kingoystermushroom

子實(shí)體一般中等大；菌蓋初期半球形、扁平至邊緣漸翹，后中部下凹，淺灰色至淺褐色；菌肉白

色，厚；菌褶白色至淺褐色，延生，密；菌柄偏生，稀側(cè)生，粗狀，實(shí)心，幼時(shí)近瓶狀的隸屬真菌界

（Fungi）、擔(dān)子菌亞門(mén)（Basidiomycotan）、蘑菇綱（Agaricomycetes）、蘑菇目（Agaricales）、側(cè)

耳科（Pleurotaceae）、側(cè)耳屬（Pleurotus）的一類大型真菌。

3.2

雜質(zhì)extraneousmat

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