2024年6月大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)題目答案及原文第2套一、聽(tīng)力理解（ListeningComprehension）SectionA新聞報(bào)道（NewsReports）NewsReport1原文：ThelatestdatafromtheNationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministration(NOAA)showsthatthenumberofplasticparticlesinthePacificOceanhasincreasedby30%overthepastfiveyears.Researcherscollectedwatersamplesfrom200pointsacrossthePacificGarbagePatch—aregiontwicethesizeofTexaswheremarinedebrisaccumulates.Microplastics,definedasparticlessmallerthan5millimeters,nowmakeup85%ofthedebris.Dr.MariaSantos,leadingthestudy,warnedthattheseparticlesnotonlyharmmarinelifebybeingingestedbutalsoenterthehumanfoodchainthroughseafood."Wefoundmicroplasticsin90%ofthefishsamplestestedincoastalmarketsnearthepatch,"shesaid.Thereportalsohighlightedthatsingle-useplastics,suchasplasticbagsandbeveragebottles,accountfor60%ofthedebris.Toaddressthis,NOAAiscollaboratingwithinternationalorganizationstopushforstricterregulationsonplasticproductionandpromotealternativeslikebiodegradablematerials.題目：1.WhatisthemainfindingoftheNOAAreport?A)ThesizeofthePacificGarbagePatchhasdoubled.B)Microplasticsnowmakeup85%ofmarinedebrisinthePacific.C)Over90%offishincoastalmarketscontainmicroplastics.D)Single-useplasticsarebannedinthePacificregion.答案：B解析：新聞明確提到“Microplastics...nowmakeup85%ofthedebris”，直接對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng)B。A選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤，因原文說(shuō)垃圾帶面積是“twicethesizeofTexas”（固定描述），而非“doubled”（翻倍）；C選項(xiàng)是研究細(xì)節(jié)，非主要發(fā)現(xiàn)；D選項(xiàng)未提及。NewsReport2原文：Anewappdesignedtohelppeoplewithdyslexiahaswonthe"InnovativeTechnologyforInclusion"awardattheGlobalTechSummit.Called"ReadEase,"theappusesAItoadjusttextdisplayinrealtime.Foruserswithdyslexia,whooftenstrugglewithletterinversion(e.g.,confusing"b"and"d")orvisualfatigue,ReadEasecanchangefontstyles,increasespacingbetweenletters,andhighlightwordsastheyarereadaloud.Testswith500dyslexicusersshoweda40%improvementinreadingspeedanda35%reductioninreadingerrorsaftertwoweeksofuse.Theapp'screator,Dr.LiWei,acomputerscientistwithadyslexicbrother,said,"Traditionalsolutionslikecoloredoverlaysarenotpersonalized.ReadEaselearnseachuser'sspecificdifficultiesthroughdailypracticeandadaptsitssettingsautomatically."Theappwillbeavailableforfreedownloadnextmonth,withapremiumversionofferingadvancedfeaturesfor$4.99permonth.題目：2.WhatisspecialabouttheReadEaseapp?A)Itusescoloredoverlaystoreducevisualfatigue.B)Itpersonalizestextdisplaybasedonusers'needs.C)Itprovidesfreeadvancedfeaturesforallusers.D)Ithelpsuserswithdyslexiawritemoreaccurately.答案：B解析：關(guān)鍵句“ReadEaselearnseachuser'sspecificdifficulties...andadaptsitssettingsautomatically”說(shuō)明其核心是個(gè)性化調(diào)整，對(duì)應(yīng)B。A是傳統(tǒng)方法，非該應(yīng)用特點(diǎn)；C錯(cuò)誤，因高級(jí)功能需付費(fèi)；D未提及，應(yīng)用針對(duì)“reading”而非“writing”。SectionB長(zhǎng)對(duì)話(huà)（LongConversations）Conversation1原文：M:Hi,Sarah!Isawyousigningupforthe"CareerPlanningWorkshop"thismorning.Isthatfortheinternshipapplicationseason?W:Yeah,exactly.Ineedtopolishmyresumeandpracticeinterviewskills.Lastyear,Iappliedto10companiesbutonlygotoneinterview,andImesseditup.Thistime,Iwanttobebetterprepared.M:Igetit.TheworkshopiseveryWednesdayfrom3to5p.m.,right?Iwasthinkingofjoiningtoo,butIhaveapart-timejobatthelibrarythen.Doyouknowiftheyrecordthesessions?W:Theydo!Theorganizertoldmetheyuploadrecordingstotheuniversity’slearningplatformwithin24hours.Youcanwatchthemlater.Oh,andthere’saguestspeakernextweek—Ms.Liu,who’stheHRmanageratatoptechfirm.She’llsharetipson"HowtoStandOutinaRemoteInterview."M:Thatsoundsgreat.Remoteinterviewsaresocommonnow.IbombedmylastonebecauseIdidn’ttesttheinternetconnectionbeforehand,andthevideokeptfreezing.W:Metoo!IworeacasualT-shirt,andtheinterviewermentioned,"Nicetoseeyou,evenifit’svirtual—dresscodesstillmatter."Ifeltsoembarrassed.M:Sotheworkshopcoversbothresumewritingandinterviewetiquette?W:Yes,andtheyalsohaveone-on-onesessionswithcareeradvisors.Youneedtobookinadvance,though.Theslotsfillupquickly.M:I’llcheckthelearningplatformtonight.Thanksfortheinfo,Sarah!題目：3.WhydidthemanconsiderjoiningtheCareerPlanningWorkshop?A)Toimprovehisresumeandinterviewskills.B)Togetadviceonchoosingapart-timejob.C)Tolearnhowtorecordonlinesessions.D)TomeettheHRmanagerofatechfirm.答案：A解析：對(duì)話(huà)開(kāi)頭Sarah提到參加工作坊是為“polishmyresumeandpracticeinterviewskills”，而男士詢(xún)問(wèn)工作坊時(shí)間，后續(xù)討論內(nèi)容均圍繞簡(jiǎn)歷和面試準(zhǔn)備，故A正確。4.Whatproblemdidthemanhaveinhislastremoteinterview?A)Hedressedinappropriately.B)Hisinternetconnectionwaspoor.C)Heforgottopreparequestions.D)Thevideocamerawasbroken.答案：B解析：男士說(shuō)“IbombedmylastonebecauseIdidn’ttesttheinternetconnectionbeforehand,andthevideokeptfreezing”，直接對(duì)應(yīng)B。A是Sarah的問(wèn)題，非男士。SectionC篇章（Passages）Passage1原文：Sleepisoftenundervalued,butrecentstudiesshowitplaysacriticalroleinacademicperformance.AteamfromHarvardUniversitytracked1,200collegestudentsovertwosemesters,monitoringtheirsleeppatternsandexamscores.Theresultswerestriking:studentswhoslept7-8hoursnightlyhadanaverageGPAof3.5,comparedto3.1forthosesleepinglessthan6hours."Sleepiswhenthebrainconsolidatesnewinformation,"explainedDr.EmilyCarter,theleadresearcher."Withoutenoughsleep,studentsstruggletoretainwhattheylearnedinclassandperformpoorlyunderexampressure."Thestudyalsofoundthatirregularsleepschedules—goingtobedat2a.m.onweekdaysand5a.m.onweekends—wereasharmfulasinsufficientsleep."Yourbody’sinternalclock,orcircadianrhythm,needsconsistency,"Dr.Carteradded."Evenifyou‘catchup’onsleepovertheweekend,thedailydisruptionweakensmemoryandfocus."Toimprovesleepquality,theresearcherssuggestedavoidingscreensanhourbeforebed(bluelightsuppressesmelatonin,thesleephormone)andkeepingthebedroomcool(18-20°Cisideal)."Smallchangescanmakeabigdifference,"saidDr.Carter."Studentswhoadjustedtheirhabitssawa0.3increaseinGPAwithinamonth."題目：5.WhatisthemainconclusionoftheHarvardstudy?A)Irregularsleepislessharmfulthaninsufficientsleep.B)Sufficientandregularsleepimprovesacademicperformance.C)Studentsshouldavoidnappingduringtheday.D)Screentimebeforebedhelpsregulatecircadianrhythm.答案：B解析：研究結(jié)果指出“7-8小時(shí)睡眠的學(xué)生GPA更高”且“不規(guī)律睡眠同樣有害”，核心是充足且規(guī)律的睡眠對(duì)學(xué)業(yè)的積極影響，選B。A與原文“irregularsleep...wereasharmful”矛盾；C未提及；D錯(cuò)誤，因藍(lán)光抑制褪黑素，應(yīng)避免屏幕。二、閱讀理解（ReadingComprehension）SectionA選詞填空（WordinContext）原文：Urbangreenspaces,suchasparksandcommunitygardens,aremorethanjustplacestorelax.They26urbanheatislands,reduceairpollution,andevenboostmentalhealth.ArecentstudypublishedinNaturefoundthatcitieswith30%greencoveragehave15%lowersummertemperaturesthanthosewithlessthan10%.Thisisbecauseplants27waterthroughtheirleaves,aprocesscalledtranspiration,whichcoolsthesurroundingair.Beyondcooling,greenspacesactas"28filters."Treesabsorbcarbondioxideandreleaseoxygen,whilegrassesandshrubstrapdustparticles.InBeijing,forexample,theexpansionoftheOlympicForestParkhas29PM2.5levelsby20%innearbyareas.Psychologistsalsohighlightthe30benefits.Asurveyof500citydwellersshowedthatthosewhovisitedgreenspacesatleastthreetimesaweekreportedlowerstresslevelsandbetterconcentration."Naturehasa31effectonthebrain,"saidDr.Liu,apsychologist."Itreducesactivityintheamygdala,thepartofthebrainassociatedwithanxiety."However,manycitiesface32inexpandinggreenspaces.Landisscarce,andmaintainingparksrequiresfunding.To33this,somecitiesareturningto"verticalgardens"—plantsgrownonbuildingwalls.Theseuselessspacebutprovidesimilar34.InSingapore,verticalgardensnowcover10%ofhigh-risebuildings,contributingtothecity’sgoalofbeinga"CityinaGarden."Asurbanpopulationscontinuetogrow,prioritizinggreenspacesis35forsustainabledevelopment.選項(xiàng)：A)absorbB)challengesC)crucialD)dramaticE)functionsF)identifiedG)mitigateH)psychologicalI)reducedJ)releasedK)solveL)spiritualM)thermalN)uniqueO)water答案及解析：26.G（mitigate）：根據(jù)上下文“reduceairpollution”，此處需“緩解”城市熱島效應(yīng)的動(dòng)詞，mitigate（減輕）符合。27.A（absorb）：植物通過(guò)葉子“吸收”水分進(jìn)行蒸騰作用，absorb正確。28.M（thermal）：與前文“cooling”呼應(yīng)，thermalfilters（熱過(guò)濾器）指調(diào)節(jié)溫度的功能。29.I（reduced）：北京奧林匹克森林公園的擴(kuò)建“降低”了PM2.5，選reduced。30.H（psychological）：后文提到壓力降低、注意力提升，屬心理益處，選psychological。31.D（dramatic）：“Naturehasadramaticeffect”（顯著影響）符合語(yǔ)境。32.B（challenges）：“facechallenges”（面臨挑戰(zhàn)）指擴(kuò)綠的困難。33.K（solve）：“Tosolvethis”（為解決此問(wèn)題）引出垂直花園的方案。34.E（functions）：垂直花園提供“類(lèi)似功能”，選functions。35.C（crucial）：“至關(guān)重要的”可持續(xù)發(fā)展，crucial正確。SectionB段落匹配（InformationMatching）原文（節(jié)選段落）：[A]In2023,theglobalsalesofsmarthomedevicesreached$150billion,up25%fromthepreviousyear.Thisgrowthisdrivenbyproductslikesmartspeakers,thermostats,andsecuritycameras,whichallowuserstocontroltheirhomesviavoicecommandsormobileapps.[B]Oneofthemostpopularsmarthomefeaturesisenergymanagement.Smartthermostats,suchasNest,learnusers’temperaturepreferencesandadjustheating/coolingautomatically.Studiesshowtheycanreduceenergybillsby10-15%.[C]However,securityconcernsarerising.AreportbyCyberSafefoundthat40%ofsmartdeviceshaveweakencryption,makingthemvulnerabletohacking.In2022,ahackeraccessedafamily’sbabymonitorandplayedloudnoises,causingdistress.[D]Forelderlyusers,smarthometechnologyoffersgreaterindependence.Falldetectorssendalertstocaregiverswhenapersonfalls,whilesmartpilldispensersreminduserstotakemedicationontime.AsurveyinJapanshowedthat75%ofseniorsusingsuchdevicesfeltsaferathome.[E]Thefutureofsmarthomesliesininteroperability.Currently,devicesfromdifferentbrands(e.g.,AmazonEchoandGoogleHome)oftendon’tworktogether.Companiesarenowdevelopinguniversalstandardstoconnectalldevicesthroughasingleplatform.題目（部分）：36.Smartthermostatscanhelpuserssaveonenergycosts.37.Interoperabilityiskeytothefurtherdevelopmentofsmarthometechnology.38.Securityissueshavebecomeamajorconcernduetoweakencryptioninsmartdevices.答案：36-B；37-E；38-C解析：36題對(duì)應(yīng)B段“reduceenergybillsby10-15%”；37題E段明確提到“future...liesininteroperability”；38題C段指出“securityconcerns...weakencryption”。SectionC仔細(xì)閱讀（ReadinginDepth）Passage1原文：Mentalhealthamongcollegestudentshasbecomeapressingissue.A2024surveybytheAmericanCollegeHealthAssociationfoundthat45%ofstudentsreported"overwhelminganxiety,"and20%hadconsideredself-harminthepastyear.Themaintriggersincludeacademicpressure,financialstress,andsocialisolation,especiallyamonginternationalstudents.Universitiesarerespondingwithnewinitiatives.AtStanfordUniversity,"WellnessWednesdays"replaceafternoonclasseswithyoga,arttherapy,andworkshopsontimemanagement.Attendancehasdoubledsincetheprogramstartedtwoyearsago."Studentsneedmorethanjustacademicsupport,"saidDeanLindaKim."Theyneedspacestoprocesstheiremotionswithoutjudgment."Anothereffectiveapproachispeercounseling.Trainedstudentvolunteersmeetwithpeersweeklytodiscussstressandprovidecopingstrategies.AstudyatUCLAshowedthatstudentswhoparticipatedinpeercounselingforthreemonthshada30%lowerrateofanxiety-relatedabsencesthanthosewhodidn’t.However,accesstomentalhealthservicesremainsunequal.Studentsfromlow-incomefamiliesarelesslikelytouseon-campuscounselingduetostigmaorfearofconfidentialityissues.Toaddressthis,someuniversitiesareofferingfreeonlinetherapysessions,whicharemoreaccessibleandanonymous.題目：39.Whatisthemainproblemdiscussedinthepassage?A)Thehighcostofcollegeeducation.B)Mentalhealthchallengesamongcollegestudents.C)Thelackofpeersupportoncampuses.D)Theineffectivenessoftraditionalcounseling.答案：B解析：首句“Mentalhealthamongcollegestudentshasbecomeapressingissue”點(diǎn)明主題，選B。40.Whatisanadvantageofonlinetherapysessionsmentioned?A)Theyareledbyprofessionalpsychologists.B)Theyaremoreaccessibleandanonymous.C)Theyreplacetraditionalclassroomlearning.D)Theyfocusonacademictimemanagement.答案：B解析：末段“freeonlinetherapysessions,whicharemoreaccessibleandanonymous”直接對(duì)應(yīng)B。三、翻譯（Translation）原文（漢譯英）中國(guó)的陶瓷文化歷史悠久，可追溯至新石器時(shí)代。早在唐代，瓷器就通過(guò)絲綢之路遠(yuǎn)銷(xiāo)海外，成為中外貿(mào)易的重要商品。景德鎮(zhèn)被稱(chēng)為“瓷都”，其瓷器以“白如玉、明如鏡、薄如紙、聲如磬”聞名。如今，傳統(tǒng)制瓷工藝與現(xiàn)代技術(shù)結(jié)合，既保留了手工制作的細(xì)膩，又提高了生產(chǎn)效率。許多年輕工匠致力于傳承這門(mén)技藝，讓陶瓷文化在當(dāng)代煥發(fā)光彩。參考譯文：China’sceramicculturehasalonghistory,datingbacktotheNeolithicAge.AsearlyastheTangDynasty,porcelainwasexportedoverseasviatheSilkRoad,becominganimportantcommodityinSino-foreigntrade.Jingdezhen,knownasthe"PorcelainCapital,"isfamousforitsporcelainwithcharacteristicsof"whiteasjade,brightasamirror,thinaspaper,andresonantasachime."Today,traditionalporcelain-makingtechniquesareintegratedwithmoderntechnology,notonlypreservingthedelicacyofhandcraftingbutalsoimprovingproductionefficiency.Manyyoungcraftsmen