2024學年第一學期奉賢區(qū)高三英語練習卷考生注意：1.考試時間105分鐘，試卷滿分分。2.上，做在試卷上一律不得分。3.務必在答題紙上填寫準考證號和姓名，并將核對后的條形碼貼在指定位置。I.GrammarandvocabularySectionA(10分)Directions:AfterthepassagefillintheblankstomakethepassageandgrammaticallyFortheblankswithagivenfillinblankwiththeformofthegivenfortheotherblanks,useonethatbestfitsblank.TheBestMusicBoostProductivityHowmanytimeshaveputonheadphonestohelpconcentrateontasks?studieshavetriedtoaddressthequestionof(1)________musicintheworkplacebehelpfulornot.Theshortanswerseemstobeyes,butitdependsonthejobandthemusic.onemachineoperatorsaclothesmanufacturerbecame(2)________(productive)whentheylistenedtorelaxingmusic;theresearchersthereforesuggestedtryingmusicwithafasterinstead.inanotherstudy(3)________(conduct)amongwhooperatedonpatientswhilelisteningtoclassicalmusic,itshowedthattheybothfasterandmoreaccurateinperformance.thiscase,theresearchersadvisedagainstorloudmusic(4)________itcouldbedistracting.Accordingtosomescientists,nomatterwhattaskyou’reengagedin,lyricsinmusic(5)________negativelyimpactattention.if(6)________(listen)tolyric-lessorclassicaltunesyou’reprobablynotgoingtobeproductive,soitultimatelydependsonpersonalpreference.Theremightbealinkbetween‘emotionaluse’ofmusicworkandperformance,too.ifmoodimproves,sodoeswork.someextent,then,maybebestplayingmusic(7)________makesthough,one2023whichsurveyed244peoplewholistenedtomusicwork,revealednobenefitwhenmusic(8)________(use)forcognitivethinkingorjustplayedinthebackground.ifyou’rejustforthebesttracks(9)________(boost)we’vesomerecommendationsforThetopthreemostoftenincludedinwork-relatedSpotifylists(10)________‘DropsofJupiter’‘Dreams’(FleetwoodandStopBelievin’(Journey).Integratetheseintoworkdayandexperiencetheboostinproductivitytheyprovide.1SectionB(10分)Directions:Fillinblankwithachosenthebox.Eachcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatisonethanyouneed.enterC.physicallinkedweatherJ.alternativeSkyquakeE.supposedinitialliterallydiverseyou’veheardaloud,distantboomingnoisewithnoobviousexplanationlikeathunderstormorabackfiring,thenmighthaveexperiencedaskyquake.Skyquakeshavereportedaroundtheworldandlocalshavenamesfortheminregions.SenecaLakeinState,they’reknown‘Senecaguns’;inBelgiumthey’recalled‘mistpoeffers’;andtheJapaneserefertothem‘uminari’,which___12___means‘criesfromthesea.’Somescientistshavesuggestedthataofmeteor(流星)couldbethecause.Thesespacerocksexplodewhenthey___13___atmosphere.thisoccurredabovethickcloud,thesoundcould___14___acrossawidearea.thereisno___15___evidencereachingtheground.A(n)___16___explanationisthegascomingoutofthebottomofthelake.Severalhotspotsforskyquakeactivityclosetolakes,suchSeneca.skyquakeshavealsoreportedfromsuchwaterbodies.ResearcherstheUniversityofNorthCarolinacomparedlocalnewsreportswithinformationfrom___17___sensorsandearthquakedetectors.Theyunabletoidentifyanyearthquakeactivitythatcoincidedwiththestrangenoises,___18___rulingoutgroundshakingthecauseofit.Theyconcludedthatthisphenomenonis___19___totheatmosphere.Possiblereasonscouldincludemeteorsexplodingintheskyorthesoundofbiggettinglouderbecauseofspecialweatherconditionstheocean.Overtheyears,manyofthese___20___mysterynoiseshaveturnedouttobecausedbymilitaryplanesflyingfasterthanthespeedofsound.Giventhediversityoflocationsandexplanations,possiblethatskyquakesinpartsoftheworldhavecauses.fortheirtruecauseremainsmysterious.II.ReadingComprehension(45分)SectionA(15分)Directions:ForblankinthefollowingpassagefourorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandFillinblankwiththeorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.ThecorridorsofAcademycarriedtheweightoftraditionandconformity(循規(guī)蹈矩JohnKeating,Englishteacherwith___21___ofmysteryandpassion,steppedintotheacademylikeabreathoffreshnessinadullroom.Hispresence___22___tothelong-establishednormsoftheschool.notonetosimplystandthefrontoftheclassroomandlecturedaboutpoetryortherulesof___23___,hehadauniqueofmakingthewordscomealive.2hisfirstclass,hewalkedintotheroom,atwinkleinhisandledtheoutintothePointingtheold,fadedpicturesofformerstudents,hesaid,Carpediem,SeizetheMakelives___24___.Thesemenoncejustlikewithdreamsandpotential.letthisplaceburyambitions.”Hisspecialhaven,the“WhispersoftheBard,”amagicalplacehiddenfromthe___25___oftheschoolauthorities.Here,undertheopenKeatingwouldgatherthestudentsaroundhim.wouldrecitepoetrywithsuchenthusiasmthatthewordsseemedto___26___inthehetoldthem,“isnotjustaboutrhymesandmeters.thelanguageofthe___27___.theexpressthedeepestdesiresandthewildestdreamsthathold___28___us.”encouragedeachstudenttofindtheirownvoicebetweenthelinesofthepoets.Neilwhohadahiddenpassionforthe___29___burninglikeasmallfireinhisheart,Keatinglikeaguidingsawthepotentialinandsaid,“Neil,thestageiswaitingforletanyonefather___30___light.dreamsprecious,andhavethetalenttomakethemcometrue.”helpedNeilpracticehislines,showinghimhowto___31___hisemotionsthrougheveryword.Underguidanceineverysession,Neilmoreconfident,believingthathecould___32___whathisfatherexpectedofhim.Anderson,whoshyandoften___33___byhisbrotherseeminglyexcellenteverything,Keatingnoticedhistalentforseeingthedeepermeaninginliterature.hesaid,mindisatreasurechest.Openitandsharethoughtswiththeworld.beafraidto___34___.interpretationsvaluableanyencouragingwords,startedtocomeoutofhis___35___,findingthecouragetospeakupandexpresshimself.encouragementlikeagentlewindthatblewthroughthelivesofthesestudents,fanningtheflamesoftheirdreamsandgivingthemthestrengthtopursuewhattheytrulyloved.21.airgesturebarrierC.moodoutlookopportunityMoreoverspecificwatchingslide22.threatC.challengeC.InsteadC.practicalC.wanderingC.move23.However24.mysterious25.caring26.dance27.insight28.between29.poetry30.dimThereforeextraordinaryshiningfloatinnocenceuponC.soulsenseC.intowithinstageC.matchmusicadjustC.flash31.conceal32.fallwithin33.overseen34.step35.routineprojectpersistinovershadowedfitinC.stimulateC.C.overestimatedC.standoutC.circlesustainbeyondoverlookedpushforwardspaceshell3SectionB(22分)Directions:Readthefollowingpassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForofthemfourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandChoosetheonethatfitsbesttotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustAthe1669,atradernamedHennigBrandsetoutonunusualquestthatwouldleadtooneofthemostfascinatingdiscoveriesinthehistoryofBrand,drivenbytheage-oldalchemists’dreamofmagicallyturningbasemetalsintogold,conductedaseriesofexperimentsthatwouldchangeourunderstandingofelements.journeybeganwithassumptionthatthekeytocreating“gold”residedinhumanurine(尿液Thisseeminglystrangeideafueledbytheobservationthaturinesharedasimilaryellowcolorwiththepreciousmetal.Actingonthisbelief,Brandcollectedastonishing5000litersofurineandallowedittostandandferment(發(fā)酵Afteroffermentation,Brandboiledtheurinedowntoathick,stickysubstance.thenmixedthispastewithsandandheatedthemixturetoextremetemperature.Whatfromthisprocessasubstancethatentirelynewtotheworldofscience–awhitesolidthatshonewithasoftlightinthedark.Brandnamedthisglowingmaterial“phosphorus,”originatingfromtheGreekwordsfor“l(fā)ightThediscoveryofphosphorusnotjustascientificbreakthrough;itcapturedtheimaginationofthepublicandthescientificcommunityalike.abilitytolightinthedarknessbothfascinatingandmysterious.TheimplicationsofdiscoveryPhosphorusnotonlyanoveltybutalsoasubstancewithpracticalapplications.wouldlaterbecomeessentialcomponentintheproductionofmatches,fertilizers,andvariouschemicals.Hennigaccidentaldiscoveryofphosphorusin1669morethanjustfindinganewelement;itmarkedtheendoftheoftheperiodofmagicchemistryandthebeginningofmodernphosphorus,oncesoughtameanstowealth,becameacornerstoneinthefieldofscience,ademonstrationofpowerofcuriosityandtheunexpectedpathsthatleadtoenlightenment.36.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?Thefallofancientalchemistsandtheriseofmodernchemists.Theaccidentaldiscoveryofphosphorusanditsscientificimpact.C.Theimportanceofhumanurineinscientificexperiments.Thetransformationofbasemetalsintothroughmagic.437.WhatHenniginitialgoalwhenhestartedhisexperiments?turnhumanurineintogold.C.produceaglowingsubstance.discoveranewelement.reformmodern38.Theunderlinedwordcornerstone”inthelastparagraphisclosestinmeaningto______.mysterysymbolC.obstaclefoundation39.WhatbeinferredaboutHennigBrandfromthepassage?aseriouschemistwhofollowedestablishedscientificmethods.avisionaryscientistwhopredictedthefutureofC.acuriousindividualwillingtoexploreunconventionalideas.awealthytraderwithaunderstandingofBGoingunderground?TheSubwayistheeasiesttoaroundtheCityCentreandWestEndofGlasgow.Runningeveryfourminutestimes,ittakesjust24minutestocompleteacircuitofthe15stationsandcostsfromlittle￡1.80foradultsingletotravelanywhereelseonthesystem.5FirstTrainsLastTrainsMon.Sat.OuterCircleMon.Sat.Sun.OuterCircleSun.17:5018:03Sun.GovanStEnochInnerCircleGovan06:3006:3410:00Govan23:1623:3010:03StEnochMon.Sat.Sun.InnerCircleMon.Sat.23:1606:3006:3210:00Govan17:5018:00StEnoch10:00StEnoch23:28SubwayticketsTypeSingleAdultChild**￡0.85*unlimitedtravelforoneday￡1.80￡3.40￡4.30**Appliestochildrenunder16yearsold.Childrenunderfivetravelforifaccompaniedbyapayingadult.ReturnAllday*￡1.60￡2.1540.Accordingtothenoticeboard,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?ThesubwayistheonlytotravelintheThesubwayrunsevery4minutesanytimeoftheC.entirejourneyof24stationstakes15minutes.adultticketforafullcircuitcostsonly￡1.80.41.arriveKelvinbridgeonaweekdaymorningsoonpossible,taketheearliesttrainfromStEnoch____________.6:346:32C.10:0010:0342.Acoupletakinga15-year-oldandanewbornonatripinGlasgowmaximizetheirsubwayexperiencebypaying____________.￡6.45￡8.40C.￡10.75￡12.90Cthefirsttime,scientistshaveobservedthebrainthroughoutthepregnancy(懷孕)timeline.Sexhormones,likeestrogenandtestosterone,powerfulplayersinthebrain,mood,andmore.SomeofthemostdramatichormonalchangesthathumansexperiencehappenduringandthoseninemonthshaveablackboxforhumanneuroscienceuntilAnewstudypublishedthisinNatureNeuroscienceprovidesthemostextensivelookinsidethatblackboxyet.Researchersscannedthebrainofonewoman26timesovertheentirecourseofherpregnancy–before,duringandBrainscansshowthattracksofwhitematterget6strongerduringPreviousbrainimagingstudiesfrombeforeandpregnancyhaveshownthatpregnancyshrinks(縮小)partsofthebrain,specificallyitsTheseouterlayersofthebrainresponsibleformostofsensation,learningandotherthingsthebraindoes.Shrinkingmattermaysoundbutithappenstoallofusthroughoutdevelopmenttofine-tuneourneuralprocessingandmakeourbrainsmoreefficient.Thoughtheterm“mommybrain”isoftenusedtorefertothebrainfogandforgetfulnesssomepeoplefeelduringthebrainchangeslikelyadaptive.example,maybeforgettingbutmorefocusedonwhatishappeningtoResearchersparticularlyinterestedinchangeswithinbrainregionsthathelpwithsocialcognitionbyallowingustotakeonothers’perspectives.Thescaleandpatternofbrainchangesduringpregnancysimilartowhatotherresearchershaveinadolescentbrainsduringpuberty(青春期alsodrivenbyhormones.OtherresearchershaveabletodetectwhethersomeonehadpregnantbasedonlyonneuroimagingdatafromdecadesSodespitethecommonthatourbrainsstopdevelopinginourmid-20s,hormonestodrivelong-lastingchangesthroughoutadulthood.studyingthebrain,researchersconfirmedmatterdecreasedbyfourpercentoverthecourseofpregnancyandthatdecreasepersistedthroughouttheendofthestudytwogivingbirth.Anditjustoneareaornetwork–80%ofbrainregionsshrunk.Whilecertainareasandnetworkschangedfasterthanothers,theteamknowwhattheimplicationsare.43.Thepassagemainlytellsus__________________.howpregnancyimpactsmemoryC.howpubertyfrompregnancyhowbrainscansleadtoabreakthroughhowbrainchangesduringpregnancy44.Basedontheresearch,apregnantwomanshould______changesaccompanying“mommybrain”?peacefullyacceptC.completelyignoreconsciouslyavoideagerlyexpect45.fromthelasttwoparagraphsthat________________________.researchershavefiguredoutwhycertainareasofbrainchangefasterdespitebrainchangesinpubertydrivenbyhormonesC.hormoneslikelytocausebrainchangesbeyondadolescencetheshrinkageofmatterinbrainstopsshortlychildbirth746.Whatisthestructureofthispassage?ExplainingRelatingotherfindingsSummarizingthepointsEvaluatingthesolutionsPresentingafindingC.IntroducingatopicProvidingexamplesProposingsolutionsStatingaproblemDescribingaphenomenonAnalyzingthecausesPredictingthefuturetrendsSectionC分)Directions:ReadthepassageFillinblankwithasentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattwosentencesthanyouneed.they’vetrainedpacksofratstodetectdangerousbacteria.Thentheyintroducedtocommonscentsusedtomaskillegalwildlifetrade.C.Thisaimstoprovidealow-costdetectionsystemtopreventillegalhunting.ratsbebyE.Existingscreeningtoolsexpensiveandtimeintensive,necessitatinganewapproach.thispurpose,thesetrainedratswillbeexpectedtoworkinlikelyhotspotsforillegalwildlifetrade.RattingonCrimesnevermorethansixfeetfromarat,”goesthesaying.Thoughithasconcludedthatthisestimateisincorrect,itmightsoonbeaccurateforthoseinvolvedintheillegalwildlifetrade.AteamofresearchershavetrainedAfricanratstopickupthescents(氣味)ofendangeredanimalproducts,suchelephantivoryandrhinohorn.47.__________Theidentifytheseitemswhenconcealedamongothersubstances,andhaveshowntorememberthesmellsmonthsofnon-exposure.ThisthefirsttimeAPOPO,anon-profit,haverecognizedapotentialforaworkforce.48.__________Theorganizationlookstoprovidelow-tech,cost-efficientsolutionstopressingchallengesthroughoutTheratsinthenewstudywentthroughseveraldemandingstagesoftraining.Theyfirstlearnedtosmellascentforseveralsecondstoearnaflavouredreward.49.__________Thefinalstepmemoryconsolidationtraining,theyreintroducedtoscentsthey’dnotencounteredforfiveandeightmonths,Despitethemonthsofnon-exposure,theratsshowedperfectmemoryscores,suggestingthattheircognitivememoryperformanceissimilartothatof8Illegalcapture,killing,andharvestingofanimalsandplantshaveincreaseddramaticallyinrecentyears.example,55Africanelephantskilledfortheirtuskseveryover20,000aThishastobestopped50.__________Theywillbewithcustom-madevests(馬甲theirfrontpaws,theywillbeabletopullasmallballattachedtothechestoftheirvest,whichgivesoutabeepingsound.ThisratswillbeabletoalerthandlerswhentheydetectaOncefullytrainedandprepared,theseratscouldbecomeillegalhunters’worstIII.SummaryWriting(10分)51.Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnothan60Useyourownasfaraspossible.TheSignificanceofCattleinMaasaiSocietyCattlethetraditionalpartnersoftheMaasaipeopleofEastAfrica.ThetraditionalMaasaidietisheavilycenteredaroundcattleproducts.MilkisafundamentalcomponentoftheMaasaidiet,consumeddailyandinvariousforms.Freshmilk,known“enkirowua”,isoftendrunkstraightormixedwithherbsforaddedflavorandmedicinalbenefits.Processedmilk,or“mokore”,isapopularvariation,providingrichsourceofnutrition.meatisanotherimportantoftheMaasaidiet,consumedduringspecialoccasionsandceremonies.Everyoftheanimalisused,reflectingtheresourcefulnessandrespectfortheirlivestock.representsstrengthandthecollectivewealth.CattleholdsignificantvalueinMaasaisociallife.socialstatusisheavilyinfluencedbycattleownership.ThenumberofcattleonepossessesdirectlyrelateswithhisstandingintheThisisparticularlyevidentduringtraditionalceremonies,suchweddings,theexchangeofcattlegiftssignifiesthestrongbondbetweenfamiliesandasharedcommitmenttothefuture.Familiesthereshareresponsibilitiesincattlecareandtheircollectivemanagementpromotesunityandteamwork.example,theprocessofmilkingisasharedinvolvingbothmenandwomenandstrengtheningsocialbonds.isespeciallyvitalduringchallengingtimes,suchdroughtsorotherhardshipswhenthewell-beingofthecattleiscrucial.CattlealsoplayabigroleinMaasairitualsandceremonies,accompanyingindividualsfrombirthtodeath.example,thesacrificeofacowduringnamingceremoniesorfuneralsnotonlycelebratestheoccasionbutalsostrengthensthespiritualconnectionwiththeirlivestock.Theseritualshighlightthespiritualimportanceofcattle,alinkbetweenthephysicalandspiritualworlds,thusfirmlyestablishingtheirroleinMaasaiculture.9(15分)Directions: