2025年算法分析研究生入學(xué)英語(yǔ)試題及答案1.**詞匯理解與運(yùn)用**

-1.1.Therecentadvancementsinartificialintelligencehaveledtoasignificantincreaseinthe**[]**ofdataprocessing.

A.capacityB.capabilityC.capacityD.potential

A.capacity

-1.2.Inthefieldofmachinelearning,theconceptofoverfittingoccurswhenamodel**[]**thetrainingdatatooclosely.

A.ignoresB.underestimatesC.fitsD.oversimplifies

C.fits

-1.3.Toensurethegeneralizabilityofamodel,itiscrucialtovalidateitusingaseparatedatasetknownasthe**[]**.

A.trainingsetB.testingsetC.validationsetD.dataset

C.validationset

-1.4.Theprocessoffeedingdataintoanalgorithmtoproduceoutputisreferredtoasthe**[]**phase.

A.preprocessingB.trainingC.testingD.evaluation

B.training

-1.5.Indeeplearning,aneuralnetworkwithalargenumberoflayersiscalleda**[]**.

A.shallownetworkB.deepnetworkC.simplenetworkD.complexnetwork

B.deepnetwork

-1.6.Oneofthekeychallengesinalgorithmanalysisisunderstandingthe**[]**ofanalgorithm.

A.efficiencyB.accuracyC.speedD.scalability

A.efficiency

2.**閱讀理解**

-2.1.Readthefollowingpassageandanswerthequestionsbelow.

"Bigdataanalyticshasbecomeincreasinglyimportantinvariousindustries,suchashealthcare,finance,andretail.Theabilitytoprocessandanalyzelargevolumesofdatahasledtomoreinformeddecision-makingandimprovedoperationalefficiency.However,withtheexponentialgrowthofdata,thedemandforskilleddataanalystshasalsosurged."

-2.1.1.Whatisthemainpurposeofbigdataanalytics?

A.Toreducethecostofdatastorage

B.Toimprovedecision-makingandoperationalefficiency

C.Tocreatemorejobsinthedataanalysisfield

D.Toincreasethespeedofdataprocessing

B.Toimprovedecision-makingandoperationalefficiency

-2.1.2.Whatistheresultoftheexponentialgrowthofdata?

A.Adecreaseinthedemandfordataanalysts

B.Anincreaseintheneedfordataanalysisskills

C.Adecreaseinthenumberofindustriesusingdataanalytics

D.Areductionintheimportanceofbigdataanalytics

B.Anincreaseintheneedfordataanalysisskills

3.**語(yǔ)法與寫(xiě)作**

-3.1.Correctthefollowingsentencetoimproveitsgrammarandclarity.

"Thealgorithmsaredesignedtobeefficientandeffectiveinprocessinglargevolumesofdata."

Thealgorithmsaredesignedtobebothefficientandeffectiveinprocessinglargevolumesofdata.

-3.2.Writeashortessay(100-150words)onthetopic:"TheImpactofAlgorithmAnalysisonModernTechnology."

4.**完形填空**

-4.1.Readthefollowingpassageandchoosethebestwordorphrasetocompleteeachblank.

"Thefieldofalgorithmanalysishasseensignificantadvancementsoverthepastdecade.Oneofthekeyfactorscontributingtothisprogressisthedevelopmentofnew**[]**thatcanhandlecomplexdatastructuresandalgorithms.Theseadvancementshaveenabledresearchersanddeveloperstocreatemoreefficientandeffectivealgorithmsforawiderangeofapplications,from**[]**systemstoautonomousvehicles."

A.methodsB.toolsC.techniquesD.strategies

B.tools

-4.2.Continuewiththepassagefromquestion4.1:

"Theseadvancementshaveenabledresearchersanddeveloperstocreatemoreefficientandeffectivealgorithmsforawiderangeofapplications,from**[]**systemstoautonomousvehicles.Theabilitytoanalyzeandoptimizealgorithmshasbecomecrucialinfieldssuchas**[]**andartificialintelligence."

A.dataanalysisB.machinelearningC.computerscienceD.softwareengineering

B.machinelearning

5.**翻譯**

-5.1.TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoEnglish.

“隨著算法分析領(lǐng)域的發(fā)展，對(duì)于算法性能的評(píng)估成為了關(guān)鍵。這涉及到算法的時(shí)間復(fù)雜度和空間復(fù)雜度的分析，以及在實(shí)際應(yīng)用中的表現(xiàn)。對(duì)于復(fù)雜算法，評(píng)估其效率通常需要深入的數(shù)學(xué)知識(shí)和實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)?！?/p>

-5.2.TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoEnglish.

“在算法設(shè)計(jì)中，一個(gè)重要的目標(biāo)是減少算法的復(fù)雜度，從而提高其性能。這通常涉及到優(yōu)化算法的執(zhí)行步驟，減少不必要的計(jì)算，以及提高數(shù)據(jù)的處理效率。”

6.**應(yīng)用題**

-6.1.ConsiderthefollowingfunctioninPython:

```

defbubble_sort(arr):

n=len(arr)

foriinrange(n):

forjinrange(0,n-i-1):

ifarr[j]>arr[j+1]:

arr[j],arr[j+1]=arr[j+1],arr[j]

returnarr

```

-6.1.1.Whatisthetimecomplexityofthebubble_sortfunction?

A.O(n)B.O(n^2)C.O(logn)D.O(nlogn)

B.O(n^2)

-6.1.2.Whatisthespacecomplexityofthebubble_sortfunction?

A.O(1)B.O(n)C.O(n^2)D.O(nlogn)

A.O(1)

-6.2.Giventhefollowinggraph,determinetheshortestpathfromnodeAtonodeDusingDijkstra'salgorithm.

```

A--1--B--2--C

||

34

||

--5--D

```

-6.2.1.WhatistheshortestpathfromAtoD?

A.A->B->C->D

B.A->B->D

C.A->D

D.A->C->D

A.A->B->C->D

-6.2.2.WhatisthetotalweightoftheshortestpathfromAtoD?

A.1B.3C.5D.8

D.8

本次試卷答案如下：

1.**詞匯理解與運(yùn)用**

-1.1.A.capacity

解析：此處指數(shù)據(jù)處理的能力，故選A。

-1.2.C.fits

解析：此處指模型過(guò)于貼合訓(xùn)練數(shù)據(jù)，導(dǎo)致泛化能力差，故選C。

-1.3.C.validationset

解析：驗(yàn)證集用于測(cè)試模型的泛化能力，故選C。

-1.4.B.training

解析：數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)入算法進(jìn)行輸出的過(guò)程稱為訓(xùn)練階段，故選B。

-1.5.B.deepnetwork

解析：深度網(wǎng)絡(luò)指具有多層隱藏層的神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)，故選B。

-1.6.A.efficiency

解析：算法分析中，理解算法的效率是關(guān)鍵，故選A。

2.**閱讀理解**

-2.1.1.B.Toimprovedecision-makingandoperationalefficiency

解析：根據(jù)第一句可知，大數(shù)據(jù)分析的主要目的是提高決策和運(yùn)營(yíng)效率。

-2.1.2.B.Anincreaseintheneedfordataanalysisskills

解析：根據(jù)最后一句可知，數(shù)據(jù)量的指數(shù)增長(zhǎng)導(dǎo)致對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)分析技能的需求增加。

3.**語(yǔ)法與寫(xiě)作**

-3.1.Thealgorithmsaredesignedtobebothefficientandeffectiveinprocessinglargevolumesofdata.

解析：此處使用了并列結(jié)構(gòu)，將efficient和effective并列，使句子更加通順。

-3.2.TheImpactofAlgorithmAnalysisonModernTechnology.

解析：文章圍繞算法分析對(duì)現(xiàn)代技術(shù)的影響展開(kāi)論述。

4.**完形填空**

-4.1.B.tools

解析：此處指用于處理復(fù)雜數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)和算法的工具。

-4.2.A.dataanalysis

解析：此處指數(shù)據(jù)分析和人工智能領(lǐng)域。

5.**翻譯**

-5.1.Asthefieldofalgorithmanalysishasdeveloped,theevaluationofalgorithmperformancehasbecomecrucial.Thisinvolvesanalyzingthetimecomplexityandspacecomplexityofanalgorithm,aswellasitsperformancein