PAGEPAGE1閱讀理解題型突破(四)主旨大意題(A卷)(加彩的題目為主旨大意題，本卷限時22分鐘)AIfacitywantstoholdtheOlympics,itmustsubmitaproposaltotheIOC.Afterallproposalshavebeensubmitted,theIOCvotes.Ifnocitywiththefewestvotesiseliminated(淘汰),thevotingcontinues,untilamajoritywinnerisdetermined.Typically,theGamesareawardedseveralyearsinadvance,allowingthewinningcitytimetopreparefortheGames.InselectingthesiteoftheOlympicGames,theIOCconsidersanumberoffactors,andchieflyamongthemiswhichorganizingcommitteeseemsmostlikelytostagetheGameseffectively.TheIOCalsoconsiderswhichpartsoftheworldhavenotyethostedtheGames.Forinstance,Tokyo,thehostofthe1964SummerGames,andBeijing,thatofthe2008Games,werechoseninparttopopularizetheOlympicmovementinAsia.Becauseofthegrowingimportanceoftelevisionworldwide,theIOCinrecentyearshasalsotakenintoaccountthehostcity’stimezone.WhenevertheGamestakeplaceintheUSAorCanada,forexample,Americantelevisionnetworksarewillingtopayspeciallyhigheramountsfortelevisionrightsbecausetheycanbroadcastpopulareventsliveinthebestviewinghours.OncetheGameshavebeenawarded,itisthedutyofthelocalorganizingcommittee—nottheIOCortheNOCofthehostcity’scountrytoprovidethemwithmoney.ThisisoftendonewithapartoftheOlympictelevisionrevenues(收入),andcorporatesponsorships,ticketssales,andothersmallerrevenuesources.Inmanycasesthereisalsodirectgovernmentsupport.AlthoughmanycitieshavegainedamountsofmoneybyhostingtheGames,theOlympicscanbefinanciallyrisky.IfthefinancialgainsfromtheGamesarelessthanexpected,thecitywillbeleftwithlargedebts.語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了申辦奧運會的流程。1．________willbedeterminedtohosttheOlympicGamesbytheIOC.A．AcitythatsubmitsaproposalB．AmajoritywinnerinvotingC．AcitythathasperfecttimezoneD．Onethathasn’thostedtheGames解析：選B細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。第一段主要介紹了產(chǎn)生主辦城市的規(guī)則，依據(jù)第一段其次、三句“Afterallproposalshavebeensubmitted,theIOCvotes.Ifnocitywiththefewestvotesiseliminated(淘汰),thevotingcontinues,untilamajoritywinnerisdetermined.”可知，得票數(shù)最多的城市由國際奧委會確定為奧運會主辦城市，故B項正確。2．IftheGamestakeplaceinCanada,Americantelevisionnetworks________.A．willnotpayfortheCanadiantelevisionnetworksB．willbeforbiddentobroadcastlivesportingeventsC．can’tbroadcastpopulareventsliveinthebestviewinghoursD．a(chǎn)rewillingtopaymuchhigheramountsfortelevisionrights解析：選D細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段最終一句“WhenevertheGamestakeplaceintheUSAorCanada...becausetheycanbroadcastpopulareventsliveinthebestviewinghours.”可知，奧運會無論在美國或者加拿大何時舉辦，美國電視網(wǎng)絡(luò)都情愿為電視轉(zhuǎn)播權(quán)支付特殊高的費用，因為他們可以在最佳觀看時間直播受歡迎的(體育)賽事，故D項正確。3．Accordingtothelastparagraph,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A．Thehostcitymustbeleftwithlargedebts.B．ThereisnofinancialriskinhostingtheOlympicGames.C．Thehostcitymaygainalotofmoney.D．Itisimpossiblethatthehostcitycouldn’tmakemoney.解析：選C推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段可知，主辦城市能獲得奧運會電視轉(zhuǎn)播、企業(yè)贊助等收入，故主辦城市可能會獲得很多資金，故C項正確。4．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthispassage?A．WinnerorloserB．ApplyingforhostfortheOlympicsC．HowtohosttheOlympicGamesD．TheOlympicGames解析：選B標題歸納題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了申辦奧運會的流程：先向國際奧委會提交提案，國際奧委會依據(jù)規(guī)則和實際狀況投票選擇主辦城市，一旦確定主辦城市，則該城市應(yīng)主動打算。故B項最適合作本文的標題。B(2024·寧波市上學(xué)期期末)Manyhighschoolstudentsconsideracollegeeducationuseless.Therefore,theychoosenottogotocollege.Ifyou’reoneofthem,thinkagain.Herearesomereasonswhyyoushouldgotocollegeandreceiveagoodeducationthere.Schoolsanduniversitiesarethefirstsourcesofknowledge.Wetakethatknowledgelaterontobuildourcareersaftergraduation.Moreknowledgewillbegainedafteryoustartworking,butwithoutaneducation,thatjobwillnotbewithineasyreach.Knowledgeleadstoknowledge.Whilelimitedwithinthewallsoftheeducationalinstitutions,weopenlyexploreotherculturesoftheworld.Wecometoknowthatoursisnottheonlyculture.Othercultureshavevaluableinsightstoshare,enrichingourown.Educationalsomakesuswanttotravelandinteractwithvariouscultures,broadeningourhorizons.Whenthere’sadownturn(衰退)intheeconomy,thosewhoattendedcollegewillbemorelikelytofindanewjobthanthosewhoonlyfinishedgradeschoolandhavealimitedskillsset.Themoreeducationyouhave,themorechancesyouwillgettoimprovethequalityofyourlifeasyouhaveabetterjobandearnahighersalary.Whenyou’reskillfulandknowledgeable,yougetto“rubknees”withpeopleofsimilarbackgroundsandtastes.Itmeansagoodeducationleadstoexcellentnetworking.Goodnetworkingcanbenefityoualotinyourlaterlife.Agoodeducationmakesyouamoreinterestingperson.Youcantalkaboutideasandeventsinsteadofjustotherpeopleandwhat’sonsaleinstores.Aneducatedpersondoesn’tgossip,havingapreferencetodiscussideasandlistentowhatotherpeoplehavetosay.語篇解讀：很多中學(xué)生認為讀高校無用，他們選擇不上高校。讀高校真的無用么？讀完本文，你會知道我們?yōu)槭裁匆细咝?，上高校能帶給我們什么。5．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Sourcesofknowledge.B．Benefitsofattendingcollege.C．Thedisadvantagesofnotbeingeducated.D．Thereasonwhysomepeoplethinkcollegeuseless.解析：選B主旨大意題。第一段“Herearesomereasonswhyyoushouldgotocollegeandreceiveagoodeducationthere.”為全文主旨句，再結(jié)合全文的整體內(nèi)容可知，文章主要講了為何要上高校，列舉了上高校的種種好處。故答案選B。6．Howdoesthewriterdevelopthepassage?A．Bygivingexamples. B．Bylistingreasons.C．Byfollowingdirections. D．Byofferingsuggestions.解析：選B寫作手法題。文章主要列舉了為何要上高校的種種緣由。故答案選B。7．WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedbythewriteraboutgoingtocollege?A．Gainingmoreknowledge.B．Enlargingsocialnetworks.C．Becomingahumorousperson.D．Experiencingdiversecultures.解析：選C細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章的其次、三、五段內(nèi)容可知，A、B、D三項都是上高校的緣由，C項在文章中并未涉及。故答案選C。CIlikedbeingamess.Mydeskwasalwayssurroundedwithbowlsoffoodgrain,sourmilkandoldmagazines.Myfloorwasfullofsweaters,stuffedanimals,socks,shoes...Icouldn’talwaysseethesethings,butIknewthattheyweresafe,lyingsomewhere.OnedayinAugust,allofmyfriendsandfamilymembersweredoingtheirownbusinesses.ItoldmymomthatIdidn’tknowwhattodoandsheadvisedmetocleanmyroom.WhenIopenedthedoortomybedroom,everythingwasinitsusualmessyarrangement.Ibecameawareofthemoldy(發(fā)霉的)smellandnoticedaspider(蜘蛛)ontopofmymirror.IsuddenlyfeltterribleforeverythinginmyroomthatIhadburiedandhadanurgetomakethemreappear.Inaboxburiedunderoldtextbooks,Ifoundaletterthatmygrandfatherhadwrittenmeatcamp.Irememberedmydadrockingmetosleepthenightgrandfatherdied,andhowthetearswouldn’tstop.Tearsbegantorolldownmycheeksagain.Inthedrawernexttomybed,Ifoundafriendshipwatchbandfrommychildhoodbestfriend,Aubrey,whohadgivenittomebeforeshemovedtoCalifornia.Ihadlostsomanypreciouschildhoodmemoriesovertime,lettingthemslipawayintothetidelikegrainsofsand.UndermybedIevenfoundthatpictureofmymomandmeinJamaica.Istaredatthatgirl,barelyabletorecognizethispersonwhohaddrownedinthemessofmyroomsomanyyearsbefore.Idecidedtocompletelyreorganizeandcleanmyroomsothatallthebooks,belts,andbasketswereintheirrightplace.Itwaslikefindingthemissingpiecesofthepuzzle.Thefinishingtouchwasframingthatphotoandhangingithighuponmywall.Afterall,itwasmeIhadbeensearchingfor.語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。作者多年來不留意打掃室內(nèi)衛(wèi)生，生活也因此變得混亂。一天，她確定變更現(xiàn)狀。8．Paragraph1ismainlyabouttheauthor’s________.A．disorganizedlifestyle B．regularstudyhabitsC．unusualhobbies D．busylife解析：選A段落大意題。由第一段尤其是第一句“Ilikedbeingamess.”可知，作者喜愛混亂，其室內(nèi)的東西擺放無序，混亂不堪。故選A項。9．Howdidtheauthorfeelwhenshesawaspiderinherbedroom?A．Frightened. B．Curious.C．Ashamed. D．Excited.解析：選C推理推斷題。由其次段最終一句“IsuddenlyfeltterribleforeverythinginmyroomthatIhadburiedandhadanurgetomakethemreappear.”可知，看到臥房里的蜘蛛后，作者為房間里胡亂堆放的東西感覺很糟糕。據(jù)此可推斷，作者為自己邋遢的行為感到慚愧。10．Whatdidtheauthorrealizewhenshewasdoingtheclean-up?A．Hermomlovedherverymuch.B．Itwasimportanttofindherplace.C．Shehadlostmanyfondmemories.D．Friendshipdidn’tchangeovertime.解析：選C細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由第四段中的“Ihadlostsomanypreciouschildhoodmemoriesovertime”可知，作者整理房間時發(fā)覺自己失去了很多童年美妙的回憶。11．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“It”inParagraph5referto?A．Thinkingofthepast.B．Tidyinguptheroom.C．Sortingthroughthephotos.D．Readinglettersfromfriends.解析：選B代詞指代題。由語境可知，畫線詞指代上文的“completelyreorganizeandcleanmyroom”。閱讀理解題型突破(四)主旨大意題(B卷)(加彩的題目為主旨大意題，本卷限時22分鐘)A(2024·杭州市高三教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測)Thedaystartedoutjoyously.JeannieandStevenKelleytooktheirtwinboys,KadenandIsaac,tochurch.Afterwards,thefamilyandsomeoftheirrelativesgottogetherattheKelleyhometohaveameal,andthensomefuninthefamily’sswimmingpool.Asthepartywrappedup,familymembersmovedinside.Theadultsputonaperformance,chattedandsaidtheirgoodbyes.Butinallthecommotion,_noonerememberedtolockthedoortothepoolarea.Itwasasimplemistakethatcouldhavecostthefamilydearly!Thetwins’6-year-oldcousin,Branson,noticedhislittlesisterwanderingaroundoutside.So,hewentouttoaskhertocomein.Andthatwaswhenthelittleboysawaterrifyingsight.Hespottedthe2-year-oldtwinsfacedowninthepool!TheadultscamerunningoutsidewhentheyheardBranson’sfrightenedcriesforhelp.Andtheycouldn’tbelievewhattheysawwhentheygotoutthere.Bransonnotonlypulledthetwinsoutofthewater,buthebeganCPR(心肺復(fù)蘇)aswell.He’dseenhismomperformCPRbefore,andjustcopiedwhathe’dseen.“Hesaidhejustdivedin，”Branson’smom,Courtney,said.“Allheknewisthathehadtotrytosavethem...Itwasamiraculous(奇跡的)thingtoknowthatat6yearsoldhedidn’tjustscreamandrunaway.Hedidn’tjustignoreitorstandthereinshock.Heimmediatelyacted.”StevenbeganperformingCPRonhissonswhileCourtneycalled911.ThirtysecondspassedandthenKadenandIsaacstartedcoughingupwaterandbreathing.Whenemergencyrespondersarrived,theyairliftedtheboystothehospitalbyhelicopter.Andamazingly,theywerealreadyshowingsignsofimprovement.Doctorscouldn’tbelieveit.TheytoldJeannieandStevensuchaccidentsusuallyendedinbraindeath.ButKadenandIsaacwereabsolutelyfine!Thecouplewasincrediblygracefultotheboys’heroiccousin,Branson.語篇解讀：由于大人的馬虎，遺忘關(guān)上去泳池的門，結(jié)果兩個雙胞胎小孩落水，六歲小孩Branson發(fā)覺后，不僅把雙胞胎拉出水面，還給他們做心肺復(fù)蘇，正是由于他的剛好出手，最終挽救了這兩個小孩。1．Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleofthetext?A．AFirst-aidlesson B．ADangerousPoolC．AFamilyGet-together D．AMiraculousRescue解析：選D標題歸納題。依據(jù)全文，由于大人的馬虎，遺忘關(guān)上去泳池的門，結(jié)果兩個小孩落水，六歲小孩發(fā)覺后，不僅把雙胞胎拉出水面，還給他們做心肺復(fù)蘇，挽救了這兩個小孩。故答案選D。2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“commotion”inParagraph2probablymean?A．Excitement. B．Adaptations.C．Delay. D．Emergency.解析：選A詞義揣測題。依據(jù)其次段“Asthepartywrappedup,familymembersmovedinside.Theadultsputonaperformance,chattedandsaidtheirgoodbyes.”可知，這是一次聚會，家庭成員都在室內(nèi)閑聊，相互道別等，這樣的場景大家都是很激烈、興奮的。故答案選A。3．Itcanbeinferredfromthe5thparagraphthatBranson’smotherwas________.A．confused B．proudC．relaxed D．a(chǎn)nxious解析：選B推理推斷題。依據(jù)第五段中“‘Hesaidhejustdivedin，’Branson’smom,Courtney,said.‘Allheknewisthathehadtotrytosavethem...thereinshock.Heimmediatelyacted.’”可以得知，母親的話語中用了divein,miraculous等詞可以看出，她對自己兒子的表現(xiàn)特別的滿足，話語中充溢驕傲。故答案選B。4．Thetwinbrothers’quickandfullrecoverywasmainlybecauseof________.A．doctors’effectivetreatmentB．Branson’squickcalmreactionC．thetimelyarrivalofthehelicopterD．theirownverygoodluck解析：選B細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段內(nèi)容可以得知，醫(yī)生對雙胞胎的狀況好轉(zhuǎn)都難以置信，正是由于6歲孩子Branson的剛好搶救，才能使雙胞胎幸免于難，得以康復(fù)。故答案選B。B(2024·杭州市高三教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測)Whathorrorshideinoursubconscious(潛意識)?AccordingtoanewFrenchstudyonsleep-talking,researchersfoundthemostcommonlyusedwordis“no”，andtheFrenchswearword(罵人的話)“putain”occurred,reportstheNewYorkTimes,“800timesmoreofteninsleepthanwhenawake”．Thestudyalsofoundthatmensleep-talkedmorethanwomenandusedmoreswearwords.Sleep-talkingisaformofsleepdisorders.“Inmyexperience,itcanbelinkedtothenervoussystembeingoveractive,whichcanberelatedtotheoveruseoftechnologybeforebedortoomuchcoffee，”saysDrNerina.“Butthesesortsofbehaviourscanhappenwithpeoplewhoquitehardonthemselves.They’reperfectionists,buttheyoftenholdbackonsayingwhattheyreallywanttosay.Whentheygotobedatnight,itcomesoutintothesleep.”Theideathatyoucanfindsomeone’sdeepestsecretswhiletheyareasleepisirresistible.Thereareappsthatrecordsleep-talking.Butcanyouadmittoamurderinyoursleep?Ortohavingalover?Prof.Hornesuggestsweshouldn’treadtoomuchintowhatissaid.“Sleep-talkingtendstooccurinverylightsleep，”hesays.“Sleep-talkingisn’trelatedtodreamingbuttothelightersleep.It’sreallythewanderingsofaratherconfusedmind.”Itismuchmorecommoninchildren,andthemajorityofpeoplegrowoutofit.“Anxietyandstresstendstobringiton，”saysHorne.“Sleep-talkersaregenerallyreflectingsomesortofaspectofaworry.Ithinkit’sbestnottoplacetoomuchconcernonsleep-talkingandnottakethewordssaidbysomeoneseriously.”However,sleep-talkingmighttellyouonething.Someonewhooftendoesitisprobablyquiteanxiousanditmightbeagoodideatofindoutwhatisworryingthem.語篇解讀：說夢話是睡眠紊亂的一種表現(xiàn)。文章告知我們說夢話的緣由主要是精神的過度驚慌和內(nèi)心的焦慮。說夢話的人也無須太過擔(dān)憂，找出你自己焦慮和驚慌的緣由后，說夢話這個問題自然就解決了。5．Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A．Swearwordsoccurmoreoftenwhenpeopleareawake.B．Adultssleep-talklesssincetheyarehappierthankids.C．Sleep-talkinghasanobviousconnectionwithdreaming.D．Peopledon’tneedtoworrytoomuchaboutsleep-talking.解析：選D細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段中“...Ithinkit’sbestnottoplacetoomuchconcernonsleep-talkingandnottakethewordssaidbysomeoneseriously.”可知，作者認為說夢話的人無須太過擔(dān)憂，不要太在意某個人說的話。故答案為D。6．Accordingtothetext,themostlikelycauseofsleep-talkingis________.A．hardworkandlackofsleepB．a(chǎn)dvancesinmoderntechnologyC．one’sdeepestsecretsD．constantworryandtension解析：選D細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段中“Anxietyandstresstendstobringiton”可知，引起說夢話的緣由主要是精神的過度驚慌和焦慮。故答案為D。7．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Howsubconsciousworks.B．Whensleepdisordersarise.C．Whatsleep-talkingmeans.D．Whypeoplefeelanxious.解析：選C主旨大意題。依據(jù)全文，作者先講解并描述了說夢話的現(xiàn)象，然后分析了引起說夢話的緣由，最終告知讀者，說夢話無須太過擔(dān)憂，只是內(nèi)心的焦慮和精神的過度驚慌而已，且sleep-talking一詞在文章中頻繁出現(xiàn)。故答案為C。C(2024·金華十校模擬)Imitationmightbeconsideredthesincerestformofflattery(恭維),butifyoutakeittoofarinajobinterviewyoucouldbegivingthewrongimpressiontoapotentialemployer.Scientistshavediscoveredtoomuchimitatinginajobinterviewsituationleavesanemployerthinkingyouareincompetent，untrustworthyandnotverylikeable.Studieshaveshownthatgentleimitationusuallyactsasasocialglueinhumanrelationships;itcanpromotetrust.Twopeoplewholikeeachotherwillstrengthentheirbondbyunconsciouslyimitatingeachother’sgesturesinanunnoticeableway,suchasleaningforwardatthesametime.Butinrecentyears,imitationhasbeenusedasconsciousapproachbypeoplewhowanttosucceedinbusiness.However,thenewresearchsuggeststhiscouldcostyourreputation.ThestudywasconductedbytheUniversityofCalifornia’spsychologydepartment.PiotrWinkielman,aprofessorofpsychologyattheuniversityinSanDiego,said,“Imitationisanimportantpartofsocialintelligence.Butitisnotenoughtosimplyknowhowtoimitate.It’salsoimportanttoknowwhenandwhennotto.Thesuccessofmirroringdependsonmirroringtherightpeopleattherighttimefortherightreasons.Sometimesthesociallyintelligentthingtodoisnottoimitate.”Thestudyaskedpeopletowatchseveralstagevideotapedinterviews,someofwhichfeaturedafriendlyinterviewerwhile,inothers,thesamepersonwasunapproachable.Thepeoplebeinginterviewedinthevideosimitatedtheinterviewer’ssimplegestures—suchasleg-crossingorchin-touching.Intervieweeswerethenevaluatedontheirgeneralcompetence,trustworthinessandlikeabilitybyparticipants.Despitethefactthattheparticipantswerenotinstructedtowatchforimitationandreportednoawarenessofit,itstillinfluencedtheirevaluations.Intervieweeswhoimitatedtheunfriendly‘boss’werejudgedtobelesscompetentthanthosewhodidn’tandtheirunconsciousmirroringwasobservedasanerror.ProfessorWinkielmanadded:“It’sgoodtohavethecapacitytoimitate.Butanimportantpartofsocialintelligenceisknowinghowtousethisabilityinaselective,intelligent,situation-dependentmanner,andunderstanding,whenmirroringcanreflectbadlyonyou.”語篇解讀：過度仿照在面試中不僅不會給面試官留下好印象，相反，會給面試官留下不行靠、低能等壞印象。要適當(dāng)?shù)赜眠@個社交才智，必需考慮各種因素，如方法、時機等。8．Ifyoutakeimitationtoofarinajobinterview,theinterviewermaythinkyouare______.A．incompetent B．smartC．trustworthy D．unfriendly解析：選A細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段“Scientistshavediscoveredtoomuchimitatinginajobinterviewsituationleavesanemployerthinkingyouareincompetent，untrustworthyandnotverylikeable.”可知，過度仿照會給面試官留下實力不足、不行靠、不讓人喜愛的印象。故答案選A。9．WhatdoPiotrWinkielman’swordsinParagraph5mean?A．Peopleshouldavoidusingimitationinajobinterview.B．Peopleshouldknowwhatsocialintelligenceis.C．Properimitationinvolveslotsoffactors.D．Imitationisverydifficulttolearn.解析：選C推理推斷題。依據(jù)第五段仿照是一種重要的社交才智，但是僅僅知道怎么仿照是不夠的，還須要知道仿照時機，須要考慮各種因素。故答案選C。10．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Imitationcanpromotetrustinaninterview.B．Bodylanguageisquiteusefulinaninterview.C．It’snoteasytoimitateaninterviewer’sbehavior.D．Improperimitationinaninterviewmaycausetrouble.解析：選D主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，仿照是一種社交才智，但是仿照要考慮各種因素，假如仿照過度，不僅不會帶來好處，反而適得其反，讓你陷入麻煩之中。故答案選D。閱讀理解題型突破(四)主旨大意題(C卷)(加彩的題目為主旨大意題，本卷限時22分鐘)AAntioxidants(抗氧化劑)incoffeearethoughttohelpprotectagainststroke—buttoomuchmustraisebloodpressure,whichincreasestherisk,accordingtoJapaneseresearchers.Similarly,greenteacouldalsobebeneficialforpreventingtheshockingevent,causedwhenabloodvesselinorservingthebrainisblocked.Thestudylookedatthedrinkinghabitsofmorethan83,000healthyadults,aged45to74,whosehealthwastrackedfor13yearsonaverage.Theyfoundthatpeoplewhodrankatleastonecupofcoffeeadayhadabouta20percentlowerriskofstroke,comparedtothosewhorarelydrankit.Togetanequaleffect,aboutfourcupsofgreenteaadaywererequired.Allresultswereadjustedtotakeintoaccountdifferencesbetweenthegroupsinagecomposition,gender,smoking,alcohol,weight,dietandexercise.Dr.YoshihiroKokubo,leadauthorofthestudy,publishedinthejournalStroke,said,“Theregularactionofdrinkingteaandcoffee,largelybenefitscardiovascular(心臟血管的)health.”Theirresultsforcoffeeweresimilartothatof“studyofstudies”，presentedataEuropeanconference,whichfoundthatonetothreecupsadaywasassociatedwitha14percentreduction.Forthreetosixcups,thereappearedtobeasimilarbutweakerassociation,buttherewasnobenefitfromdrinkingsixormore.Exactlywhycoffeeandgreenteaappearstolowerstrokeriskisunclear,althoughantioxidantsarethoughttobeatwork.However,thescienceisbynomeanscutanddried.Caffeineraisesbloodpressure,andtherehavebeenindicationsthattoomuchcoffeecanraisestrokeriskbecauseofthis.Dr.DaleWebb,fromtheStrokeAssociationsaid,“Wewelcomethisstudywhichsuggeststhatthebenefitsofantioxidantsincoffeeandgreenteamayoffsetthepotentialharmfromcaffeine.”Hethought,theresultsshowhigherconsumptionofgreenteaandcoffeemightreducetherisksofstroke.“Wewouldliketoseefurtherresearchtounderstandthesefindings，”hesaid.語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。最近的探討表明，喝咖啡或綠茶可以降低中風(fēng)的風(fēng)險。但是，喝過量也會導(dǎo)致血壓上升，因此，要適量飲用咖啡或綠茶。1．Whatmayleadtoastrokeaccordingtothefirstparagraph?A．Higherbloodpressure.B．Drinkingacupofcoffeeaday.C．Blockedbloodvesselsinthebrain.D．Antioxidants.解析：選C細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段最終一句“Similarly,greenteacouldalsobebeneficialforpreventingtheshockingevent,causedwhenabloodvesselinorservingthebrainisblocked.”可知，當(dāng)大腦中的血管發(fā)生堵塞的時候，可能會導(dǎo)致中風(fēng)。故選C。2．WhatistheattitudeofDr.DaleWebbtowardthisstudy?A．Hesawmorefindingsofthisstudyunsatisfiedly.B．Heunderstoodthedifficultyofthisstudy.C．Heappreciatedtheachievementsofthisstudy.D．Hewasdisappointedtofindnofollowingresearch.解析：選C觀點看法題。依據(jù)最終一段第一句“Dr.DaleWebb,fromtheStrokeAssociationsaid,‘Wewelcomethisstudywhichsuggeststhatthebenefitsofantioxidantsincoffeeandgreenteamayoffsetthepotentialharmfromcaffeine.’”可推斷出，DaleWebb醫(yī)生對這項探討的成果持贊許看法。故選C。3．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．DrinkingcoffeeraisesbloodpressureB．DrinkingteareducesstrokeC．DrinkingcoffeeequalsdrinkingteaD．Drinkingteaorcoffeeproperlymatters解析：選D標題歸納題。依據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可推斷出，本文主要講解并描述的是：最新的探討表明，適當(dāng)飲用肯定量的咖啡或綠茶能降低患中風(fēng)的風(fēng)險。D項意為“適當(dāng)飲用咖啡或茶很重要”，體現(xiàn)了本文的主旨，適合作標題。故選D。B(2024·嘉興4月模擬)WhenCarsonPalmer,aprofessionalAmericanfootballplayer,hurthisarmafewyearsago,hetookaweekofffromthrowingthefootball.Butinhishead,Palmerpracticedeveryday.Thefollowingweekend,Palmerhadthebestgameofhislife.Formorethanacentury,scientistshavebeentryingtounderstandhowthismentaltrainingworks.Inthe1930s,researchersprovedbyexperimentthatwhenyou’reimagininganaction,yourbrainsendssignalstoyourmuscles(肌肉)whicharetooweaktotightenthemusclesbutmighthelptrainthebodytoperform.Inotherwords,mentalpracticemightcreateapatterninyourhead,likeaninnerhow-toguideforaparticularskill.Sportspsychologistshaveconductedhundredsofstudiescomparingimaginedandphysicalpracticeforactions.Onthewhole,theresearchshowsthatmentaltrainingworks.A2012study,forexample,compared32amateurgolferswhopracticedhittingtheballstoanother32whomerelyheldagolfclubintheirhandsandvisualized(想象)theirswings.Underthesametrainingrules,bothgroupsimprovedtheirskillsbygettingtheballabout4inchesclosertothehole.Visualizationhasadvantagesovertherealthing:Youcandoitanywhere,evenwheninjured.Itissafe—amajorplusforhigh-riskperformerssuchasgymnastsandsurgeons.Andyoucanpracticeforlongerperiodsoftimebecauseyou’renotrestrictedbyphysicaltiredness.That’snottosayit’seasy,however,“we’vehadOlympic-levelathletessittinginourlab,visualizingthemovementsfortwohours，”saysTadhgMacintyre,asportspsychologistattheUniversityofLimerickinIreland.“Whenwe’redone,they’reabsolutelytired.”Itdoesn’tworkforeveryone,though.“Ifyou’reanovice,_theeffectcanbeharmful，”warnsMacintyre.“Ifyou’retryingtovisualizeafreethrow,andyoudon’tevenknowthepropermovement,thenyou’reprobablygoingtomentallypracticethewrongskill.”語篇解讀：探討發(fā)覺運動員的精神訓(xùn)練法能訓(xùn)練運動員的肌肉反應(yīng)，在頭腦中形成自己的反應(yīng)模式，能促進一個運動員的技能水平的提高，但此法不適用于新手。4．Theauthorintroducesthetopicofthetextby______.A．givinganexampleB．presentinganargumentC．explainingaphenomenonD．makinganassumption解析：選A推理推斷題。文章第一段用美國橄欖球運動員CarsonPalmer受傷在家，但是堅持精神訓(xùn)練的例子來引出運動員通過精神訓(xùn)練法也能促進或保持運動員的競技水平這個話題。故答案選A。5．Whathappenswhenoneisvisualizinganaction?A．Aspecialskillisquicklyacquired.B．Acertainmodelisformedinthehead.C．Themusclesgrowincreasinglytense.D．Thebrainsendsstrongmessagestothebody.解析：選B細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段“Inotherwords,mentalpracticemightcreateapatterninyourhead,likeaninnerhow-toguideforaparticularskill.”，精神訓(xùn)練法也會訓(xùn)練運動員的肌肉反應(yīng)，創(chuàng)建你頭腦的反應(yīng)模式。故答案選B。6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“novice”inthelastparagraphmean?A．Coach. B．Specialist.C．Beginner. D．Judge.解析：選C詞義揣測題。依據(jù)最終一段“don’tevenknowthepropermovement”可知，novice指不知道運動的正確姿態(tài)和動作，對該運動不是很熟識的人，由此可以知道該詞是初學(xué)者、新手的意思。故答案選C。7．Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A．Athletesarelikelytowingamesthroughimaginedpractice.B．Practicingaskillproperlyinmindcanproduceintendedeffect.C．Practicewhethermentalorphysicalhasitsowncharacteristics.D．Scientistshavefoundasafewayforathletestopracticetheirskills.解析：選B主旨大意題。本文用一個聞名運動員的例子來引出話題，運動員用運動的精神訓(xùn)練法在某種程度上也能跟身體訓(xùn)練一樣，達到促進運動技能的效果。故答案選B。C(2024·衢州二中高考適應(yīng)性考試)Artificialintelligence,orAI,hasslowlybeguntoinfluencehighereducationaroundtheworld.Now,onenewAItoolcouldchangethewayuniversitystudentsevaluatetheirprofessor.ThetooliscalledHubert,ateacherevaluationtoolthatappearsasanAI-poweredchatbot.Insteadoffillingoutaf