2018年杭州市初中畢業(yè)升學(xué)文化考試(滿分:120分考試時間:100分鐘)第Ⅰ卷第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)(略)第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié),滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題,每小題2分,滿分30分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中選出最佳選項。AWhenCanadianteenagerRyanwassixyearsold,histeachertoldhimthatinmanypartsofAfrica,therewasnocleanwater.Shesaidthatpeopleoftenmadethemselvesill,andevendied,justfromdrinkingorbathingindirtywater.WhatshesaidmadeRyanupset.Hedecidedtoraisemoneyforawell(井)sothatpeopleinAfricacouldhavecleanwater.Hedidextrachoresforhisparentsandraised$70allbyhimself.Thenhefoundoutthatitactuallycost$2,000todigawell.Mostpeoplewouldhavegivenupatthispoint,butnotRyan.Hewasdisappointed,butdeterminedtoraisemoremoney.Finallyhecollectedover$2,000.Thatmoneywasusedtodigthefirstof“Ryanswells”.Sincethen,Ryanhascontinuedtoraisemoneyformorewells.Infact,Ryanhasraisedover$1,500,000!Ryancallshimself“anormalboy”andlikestoplayicehockeywhenhesnotinschoolortravellingaroundtheworldtalkingtootherstudentsabouthimselfandhiswork.Asforthefuture,hehassaidthatheisntexactlysurewhathewillchoosetodo.“Somethingalongthelinesofalawyerorateacher.Maybealeader!”16.RyansteachertoldhimaboutthewaterprobleminAfricainorderto.

A.encourageRyantodigwellsforpeopleinAfricaB.askRyantoraisemoneyforpoorpeopleinAfricaC.makeRyanfeelunhappyanddisappointedD.educateRyantocareaboutAfricanpeopleindifficulty17.WhatdoesRyanthinkofhimselfaccordingtothepassage?A.Heisdifferentfromotherstudentsinmanyways.B.Henevergivesupwhenhehasdecidedtodosomething.C.Heistalentedandcandomanygreatthingsinthefuture.D.Heslikeotherstudentswithhisownhobbyanddreams.18.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.RyanandHisTeacherB.RyanandHisWellsC.RyanandHisMoneyD.RyanandHisFutureBWhowantstoeatfoodthatisthrownawayaswaste?Believeitornot,thatsexactlywhatworldleadersdidatalunchheldbytheUnitedNationsin2015.Duringthemeal,theworldleadersenjoyeddisheslikesaladsandburgersmadewiththrown-awayvegetablesandfruits.ChefDanBarber,whohelpedcreatethemeal,hopedthattheexperiencewouldmaketheleaderspaymoreattentiontotheissueoffoodwaste.Itisahugeproblem.OneoutofninepeopleonEarthdoesnotgetenoughfood.Yeteveryyearoveronethirdofthefoodproducedworldwidegoestowaste!Whyissomuchfoodwasted?Firstly,foodisoftenthrownawaybeforeitreachescustomersbecausetoomuchofitisproduced,orbecauseitisnotkeptproperlyinfarms.Secondly,shopsandsupermarketsusuallythrowawayunsoldfood.Finally,customersoftenbuymorefoodthantheyneed,soalotofuneatenfoodiswasted.Howcanyouwastelessfood?Wheneatingout,youmayaskforlessfoodandtakehomewhatisleft.Visitfastfoodrestaurantslessoften,sincetheyareusuallymorewasteful.Encourageyourfavoriterestaurantstogiveunsoldfoodtofoodbanks.Youcanalsowastelessfoodathome.Usesmallerricebowlssothatyouservelessrice.Encouragefamilymemberstouseunfinishedricetomakericepuddings.Tellfamilymemberstomakeashoppinglistandbuyonlywhatisonthelistwhenshoppingforfood.Foodwasteisagrowingproblemandwe,eitherfarmersorfoodsellersorcustomers,musttakethisproblemmoreseriouslyanddowhatwecantohelp.19.WhatdidworldleadersdoatalunchheldbytheUnitedNationsin2015?A.Theythrewawayfoodaswasteduringthemeal.B.Theymadedisheswithwastevegetablesandfruits.C.Theyatefoodmadewithwastevegetablesandfruits.D.TheyhelpedChefDanBarbercreatethespecialmeal.20.Theunderlinedword“issue”inParagraph2isclosestinmeaningto.

A.result B.problemC.cause D.beginning21.ThewriterorganizesParagraph4byaskingaquestionand.

A.givingexamples B.usingnumbersC.listingreasons D.tellingastory22.Whichwayofwastinglessfoodismentionedinthepassage?A.Buyingunsoldfoodfromsupermarkets.B.Keepingfoodproperlyinafridge.C.Usingsmallerricebowlswheneatingout.D.Askingforlessfoodinrestaurants.CBananasaretheperfectsnack.Notonlyaretheysweetanddelicious,buttheyareeasytocarryaround,soyoucantakethemanywhere.Bestofall,bananasprovidedifferentthingsthatthehumanbodyneeds!Bananasgrowbestinwarmplacesthatgetlotsofrain.Theygrowonplantsthatlookliketrees.Thebananaplant,however,isconsideredaherbratherthanatreebecauseitdoesnthaveastrong,woodystem(干,莖).Theplantscangrowashighas30feet.Whentheyreachtheirfullheight,flowersgrowoutfromthestem.Theseflowersproducebananas.Twoorthreetimeseachyear,theplantsproducefruit.Thebananasgrowtogether,whichseemlike“hands”.Ahandismadeupof10to20bananas.Growerssometimescallbananas“fingers”.Eachbunch(叢)ofbananashasabout15hands,andsoawholebunchmayhaveasmanyas200bananasandcanweighmorethan100pounds.Afteraboutthreemonths,thebananasarereadytobepicked.Atthispoint,theystillarentthesunnyyellowcolorofbananas.Farmerspickthemwhentheyregreen.Thatshowtheyreshippedtostores.Theyturnyellowalongthewayandarereadytobesold.Ifyoulovebananas,youvegotalotofcompany.AmericanshavebeenenjoyingbananassincethefirstshipmentarrivedintheUnitedStatesin1876.Today,Americanseatmorebananasthananyotherfruit.Morebananasaresoldthanapplesandgrapestogether.EveryAmericaneatsover26poundsofbananaseachyear!23.Thefirstparagraphmainlytalksabout.

A.whypeoplelikebananasB.howbananastasteC.whatbananasarerichinD.wherebananasaretaken24.Whatisthecorrectorderinwhichthesehappen?a.Thebananasbegintoturnyellow.b.Abananaplantgrowstofullheight.c.Theflowersproducebananas.d.Thebananasarereadytobepicked.A.c-b-a-d B.b-c-d-aC.b-c-a-d D.c-b-d-a25.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Thebananaplantisakindoftree.B.Bananaslikegrowinginhotanddryareas.C.Onebunchofbananasmayweighover100pounds.D.Thebananaplantusuallyproducesfruitonceayear.26.WhichisthesecondmostpopularfruitinAmericaaccordingtothebarchart?A.Apples. B.Grapes. C.Bananas. D.Oranges.DThereisapopularChinesesayingthat“Fairskin(皮膚)willmakeupforthreeflaws(缺陷)”.ThismentionsthefactthatinChineseculture,itisbelievedthatpeoplewhohavefairskinaremorebeautiful.InWesternculture,however,theoppositeistrue—manyWesternersthinktannedskinisprettier.Theexampleshowsthatdifferentcultureshavedifferentideasofwhattheythinkisbeautiful.Theseculturalmeaningsofbeauty,however,arenolongerimportant.Asmoreandmorepeopletraveloverseas,ideasaboutbeautyarebeingsharedamongcultures.TheInternethasalsomadeiteasierforpeopletosharedifferenttypesofbeautysincepeoplearealwayspostingpicturesonsocialmedia.Theresultisanever-changingideaofwhatisconsideredbeautiful.Theculturalpracticeofearpiercings,forexample,hasbecomeapartofmoderndayculture.InKenya,itisatraditionamongtheMasaimenandwomentopierceandthenmaketheirearlobes(耳垂)longerusingivoryandwoodorstones.Theythenwearcolorfulthingsontheirearlobes.Thisisacommonpracticesincelongerearlobesareseenasasignofbeauty.Thistraditionhasnowfounditswayintopresent-dayculture.Nowadays,thismightstillseemunusualtosome,butwithmoreandmorewell-knownactorsandfilmstarsshowingofftheirlongerearlobes,itwillfinallybecomemorefashionable.Itisunderstoodthatdifferentculturesaroundtheworldhavedifferentwaysofshowingbeauty.However,sincewenowliveinaworldwidesociety,peoplesviewsaboutbeautyarealwayschanging.WiththehelpoftheInternet,peoplearenowabletoeasilyborrowideasfromotherculturestohelpthemstandout.Sowhatnewfashionscanweexpecttoseeinthefuture?27.Whathasmadeiteasierforpeopletoshareideasaboutbeauty?A.Thedevelopmentoftechnology.B.Thepopularityofthelatestfashions.C.Theunchangedculturaltraditions.D.Theworldsgrowingpopulation.28.WhatcanbelearnedabouttheMasaipeoplefromthepassage?A.Longerearlobesaretheirnewfashion.B.Onlywomenmaketheirearlobeslonger.C.Theythinklongerearlobeslookbeautiful.D.Theymakeactorsandfilmstarsfamous.29.Theunderlinedword“them”inthelastparagraphrefersto.

A.people B.ideas C.cultures D.fashions30.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.PeopleinAsiancountrieslikefairskinbetter.B.Beautyisconsideredimportantinmanycultures.C.Differentcultureshavedifferentideasaboutbeauty.D.Peoplesideasaboutbeautyarechangingallthetime.第二節(jié)(共5小題,每小題2分,滿分10分)下面文章中有五處(第31—35題)需要添加小標(biāo)題。請從以下選項(A、B、C、D、E和F)中選出符合各段意思的小標(biāo)題。選項中有一項是多余選項。Fivewaystomakeagreatfirstimpression(印象)!Researchershavediscoveredthat,ingeneral,itonlytakessevensecondsforapersontostartmakingjudgmentsaboutyouwhentheyfirstmeetyou.Thatswhyyoushouldfollowtheseusefultipsonhowtocreateagoodfirstimpression.31.

Beforemeetingsomeone,startthinkingaboutthepurposeofthemeeting.Areyoutryingtoimpressthem?Forexample,ifyouwanttomakenewfriendsatasocialevent,youwillwanttoappearfriendly.Andifyoudecidetorunforclasspresidentatyourschool,youwillneedtoappearconfident(自信的).32.

Smilingisthemostimportantthingyoucandowhenmeetingsomeonenew.Itshowsthatyourefriendlyandmakespeoplearoundyoufeelmorecomfortable.Tohaveawinningsmile,makesureyourteetharecleanbybrushingthemeveryday.33.

Beforeyoubeginspeaking,youwillbejudgedonyourbodylanguage.Therefore,itsimportanttoshowtrustinyourselfbystandinguptallandputtingyourshouldersback.Besides,ifyouuncrossyourarms,youwillappearrelaxedandfriendly.34.

Howyousmellcaninfluencepeoplesfirstimpressionofyou.Ifyouhaveabadbodysmell,itwillputpeopleoff.Inshort,aimtosmellcleanandavoidputtingonalotofscentedproducts.35.

Whatyouwearmatters.Whileyoushouldlookcleanandtidy,itsalsoimportanttodressproperly,whetheryouregoingtoabirthdaypartyorasportingevent.Youshouldthinkaboutwhatyourclothessayaboutyou.A.SmellgoodB.DresstoimpressC.GetreadyforaspeechD.AsmilegoesalongwayE.BecarefulaboutyourbodylanguageF.Decidewhatimage(形象)youwanttopresent第三部分英語知識運用(共兩節(jié),滿分25分)第一節(jié):完形填空(共15小題,每小題1分,滿分15分)通讀下面短文,掌握其大意,然后在各題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中選出一個最佳選項。MyfriendsandIjoinedatwo-daysurvival(生存)trainingcourseinthemountains.Thefirstdaywasreally36—therewassomuchtodo!Arrivingatthecampsite,weweredividedintogroupsandgivenatent,somefood,a37andacompass(指南針).Standingnexttoasmallriver,Fanny38campinginthegrassyareanearby.However,ourinstructor,Mr.Lee,pointedoutthatitmightflood(淹沒)ifitrained.Intheend,wefounda39area.Puttingupthetentwasveryhard.40Mr.Leehelpedusalot.

Bythetimewehadputupthetent,41wasreallyhungry.“Wewouldnthavegotthishungryifwehadbroughtsomesnacks,”Petersaid.Wealltoldhimto42complaining(抱怨)andhelpusstartafiretocookourfood43.Realizingwewerehavingtroublemakingthefire,hefinally44.

Thenextdaystartedearly.Wokenbyastrangenoise,Peterwenttoseewhatwas45.“Somecowshaveeatenourbreakfast!”heshouted.“Thatsallbecauseyoudidnt46thefoodproperlylastnight,”saidMr.Lee.

WorriedthatMr.Leewasangrywithus,wetriedveryhardonournext47—usingthemapandcompasstofindasecretlocation.Wemadeittothelocation48theothergroupsdid.Weallfeltveryproudof49.

Thesurvivaltrainingcoursewasagreat50.NowIfeelIcouldsurviveanywhere!

36.A.disappointing B.difficultC.different D.boring37.A.map B.book C.light D.knife38.A.suggested B.finishedC.imagined D.enjoyed39.A.nearer B.lowerC.bigger D.higher40.A.Surprisingly B.SuddenlyC.Luckily D.Usually41.A.everyone B.anyone C.someone D.noone42.A.start B.mind C.stop D.continue43.A.yet B.too C.again D.instead44.A.helpedout B.gaveoutC.workedout D.startedout45.A.developing B.happeningC.beginning D.following46.A.throwoff B.putawayC.eatup D.sellout47.A.plan B.lesson C.task D.problem48.A.till B.after C.when D.before49.A.him B.them C.you D.ourselves50.A.example B.experienceC.activity D.competition第Ⅱ卷第三部分英語知識運用(共兩節(jié),滿分25分)第二節(jié):(共10小題,每小題1分,滿分10分)閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Nexttimeyouholdabookinyourhands,stopandthink.Likemostotherthingsinthemodernworld,itistheresultofthousandsofyearsofhumaninvention.Firstcametheinventionofwriting,51(probable)about5,500yearsago.Withwriting,peopledidnothavetoremembereverythingintheirheads.Theycouldcommunicatewithpeoplethattheynever52(see)andsharetheirknowledgewithfuturegenerations.

Later,theGreekswerewell-knownfortheirliterature(文學(xué))andscience,buttheir“books”lookedverydifferent53thebooksoftoday.Theywerecalledscrolls(卷軸).Theyweredifficulttouseandtookalotofspaceinalibrary.About2,000yearsago,bookswithlotsofpages54(invent).

Formorethanathousandyears,thepagesofbooksweremadefromanimalskin.Thatchangedin55thirteenthcentury,whenEuropeanslearnedaboutavery56(use)Chineseinvention:paper.

ButthebiggestchangeforbooksinEuropecamein1439,whenJohannesGutenberginventedtheprintingpress.Beforethat,booksinEuropewerecopiedbyhand,sotheywereveryexpensive.Manymorepeoplecouldaffordthebooks57wereproducedonaprintingpress.

Thesedaysitisdifficult58(imagine)aworldwithoutbooks.Buthumaninventiondoesnotstop.Everyyear,more59(story)areboughtase-booksandreadonascreen.

Willanyoneturnthepagesofatraditionalbookinthefuture,60willbooks,likescrolls,soondisappear?

第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié),滿分25分)第一節(jié):單詞拼寫(共10小題,每小題1分,滿分10分)根據(jù)下列句子及所給的首字母,寫出各單詞的正確、完全形式(每空限填一詞)。61.MyfriendcameoverlastnighttowatchthevofthefootballmatchthatIdrecorded.

62.Afteralongday,Tomldownonthebedandwenttosleep.

63.Thetrainwasverycwithpassengers,sowehadtostand.

64.—Doyouthinkmoremoneyshouldbegiventoeducation?—C!Icouldntagreemore.

65.Sorry,Ivefyourphonenumber.Couldyoupleasetellmeagain?

66.Bep.Ittakestime.Youcanbecomebetterbyreadingsomethingyouenjoyeveryday.

67.Asquarehasfoursidesandfourc.

68.Decemberisthetandlastmonthoftheyear.

69.TheChinesewomensvolleyballteamwonagoldminthe2016RioOlympicGames.

70.Youwillrawarmwelcomewhenyoucometoourvillage.

第二節(jié):書面表達(共1小題,滿分15分)假定你是李平(Tel:1361234567),家住濱海市人民路1號。你在美國旅行期間不慎遺失錢包,曾向賓館詢問。以下是賓館的答復(fù)郵件,請你閱讀后進行回復(fù),詞數(shù)80左右。2018年杭州市初中畢業(yè)升學(xué)文化考試答案速查16171819202122232425DDBCBCDABC26272829303132333435AACADFDEAB36373839404142434445BAADCACDAB4647484950BCDDB第Ⅰ卷第二部分閱讀理解第一節(jié)A[語篇解讀]本文講述了小男孩Ryan在得知非洲非常缺乏潔凈的水的問題以后,從小就開始籌錢想幫助非洲人們打井,做出了不平凡的貢獻。16.D推理判斷題。老師告訴Ryan非洲的水資源問題為的是教育學(xué)生關(guān)心非洲困難地區(qū)的人們。故選D項。17.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干句意:根據(jù)文章,Ryan認(rèn)為自己是一個什么樣的人?根據(jù)文章最后一段的第一句可知,他和其他學(xué)生一樣具有自己的興趣愛好和夢想。干擾項A:different與Ryan的描述不符;干擾項B:他決定做某事的時候就絕不會放棄,這是他人對他的看法;干擾項C:C項與“heisntexactlysurewhathewillchoosetodo”的表述不符。18.B主旨大意題。題干句意:下列哪一個最適合做本文的題目?本文講述Ryan在得知非洲人們非常缺乏潔凈的水后,籌錢幫助非洲人們打井的故事,因此答案為B項。B[語篇解讀]本文以世界領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人吃剩菜的活動引入食物浪費的話題,詳細(xì)闡述了食物浪費的原因,并號召人們通過各種途徑節(jié)約食物,減少浪費。19.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干句意:2015年世界領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人在由聯(lián)合國舉辦的午宴上做了什么?由第一段中“Whowantstoeatfoodthatisthrownawayaswaste?...thatsexactlywhatworldleadersdid...”可知。20.B詞義猜測題。result結(jié)果;problem問題;cause原因;beginning開端。根據(jù)第二段,廚師DanBarber希望通過這次經(jīng)歷讓領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人更多地關(guān)注食物浪費這個issue,結(jié)合下文中“Itisahugeproblem.”可知,答案選擇B項。21.C推理判斷題。第四段的首句是一個特殊疑問句。而后通過Firstly,Secondly和Finally三個方面進行了回答。因此答案為C項。22.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干句意:哪一條是文章中提到的減少食物浪費的方法?根據(jù)第五段中“Wheneatingout,youmayaskforlessfood...”可知。C[語篇解讀]本文對香蕉的成長、采摘、運輸以及售賣進行介紹。作為一種水果,香蕉大受歡迎。23.A主旨大意題。文章第一段介紹了香蕉的三個好處,因此香蕉是完美的小吃。24.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Whentheyreachtheirfullheight,flowersgrowoutfromthestem.”和“Theseflowersproducebananas.”可排出順序b、c;根據(jù)第四段中“Farmerspickthemwhentheyregreen.”和“Theyturnyellowalongthewayandarereadytobesold.”可知排序為:d、a。因此選擇B項。25.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干句意:根據(jù)文章,下列哪一項是正確的?根據(jù)文章第三段的最后一句可知。由第二段“Thebananaplant,however,isconsideredaherbratherthanatree”,可知香蕉樹不是樹;由第二段“Bananasgrowbestinwarmplacesthatgetlotsofrain”可知,B項錯誤;第三段中“Twoorthreetimeseachyear,theplantsproducefruit.”與D項不符。26.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干句意:根據(jù)條形圖,美國第二種最受歡迎的水果是什么?通過觀察圖表,根據(jù)每年一個人水果攝入量的圖表來看,香蕉排第一,蘋果排第二,因此蘋果是美國第二種最受歡迎的水果。D[語篇解讀]本文以中西方文化對膚色美的不同看法引入,探討了關(guān)于美和文化的話題。雖然不同的文化有不同的審美觀,但是隨著時代的發(fā)展和不同文化之間的交融,人們的審美也在不斷改變,人們對美的理解也在相互包容、相互借鑒。27.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干句意:對于人們來說什么使得分享審美觀變得更容易了?根據(jù)第一段的“TheInternethasalsomadeiteasierforpeopletosharedifferenttypesofbeauty”可知。28.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干句意:從文章來看可以了解到Masai人的什么?根據(jù)文章的第二段“l(fā)ongerearlobesareseenasasignofbeauty”可知。干擾項A:長耳垂是傳統(tǒng),不是新時尚;干擾項B:Masai的男女都會如此,與原文不符;干擾項D:明星們的展示使這種時尚流行,而不是使明星們有名。29.A詞義猜測題。第三段的倒數(shù)第二句話“在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的幫助下,人們現(xiàn)在可以很容易地從其他文化中汲取靈感,幫助他們脫穎而出”,此處them指代people。30.D主旨大意題。題干句意:這篇文章主要關(guān)于什么?本文第一段的最后一句中“anever-changingideaofwhatisconsideredbeautiful”和最后一段中“peoplesviewsaboutbeautyarealwayschanging”可知文章圍繞人們的審美變化展開論述。第二節(jié)[語篇解讀]文章主要介紹了給人留下好的第一印象的五種方法。31.F根據(jù)本段的第一句,以及兩個例子,一個是“社交場合,你要表現(xiàn)得友好”,另一個是“如果競選班長,你要表現(xiàn)得自信”,綜合起來選擇F項。32.D根據(jù)本段的第一句可知本段是講述微笑的重要性。33.E根據(jù)本段的第一句來確定關(guān)鍵詞為“bodylanguage”,本段主要講“注意你的身體語言”。34.A根據(jù)本段的第一句確定關(guān)鍵詞“smell”,因此選擇A項:好聞。35.B根據(jù)本段的第一句和第二句確定關(guān)鍵詞“dressproperly”,因此選擇B項:穿著給人留下深刻的印象。第三部分英語知識運用第一節(jié):完形填空[語篇解讀]本文講述了作者和朋友一起經(jīng)歷了一場生存訓(xùn)練,并從中收獲很多。36.B后文提到therewassomuchtodo,表明有很多事情要做,說明第一天還是比較困難的。disappointing令人失望的;difficult困難的;different不同的;boring無聊的。37.A根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段中的usingthemapandcompass,可知選擇A項。map地圖;book書;light光;knife刀。38.AFanny建議在附近的草地上野營。suggest建議;finish完成;imagine想象;enjoy喜歡。39.D草地較低,容易被淹沒,所以往更高的地方扎營。所以選D項。nearer更近的;lower更低的;bigger更大的;higher更高的。40.C搭建帳篷很難,幸運的是,有Mr.Lee的幫忙。surprisingly驚喜地;suddenly突然地;luckily幸運地;usually通常地。41.A等我們把帳篷搭建完,大家都真正地感到餓了。everyone人人,大家;anyone任何人;someone某人;noone沒有人。42.C我們告訴Peter與其抱怨,還不如來幫我們生火。start開始;mind介意;stop停止;continue繼續(xù)。43.D文章表達大家想讓Peter來一起生火做飯而不是抱怨,所以選擇D項。yet還,但是;too也;again再;instead代替,而不是。44.A他意識到我們生火有困難,他最終來幫助解決困難了。helpout幫助解決困難;giveo