PAGEPAGE1課下實(shí)力提升(十二)Ⅰ.閱讀理解Childrenwhodrinkmoremilkdonotnecessarilydevelophealthierbones,researcherssaidonMondayinareportthatstressesexerciseandmodestconsumptionofcalcium-rich(含鈣豐富的)foodssuchastofuandbroccoli(花椰菜)．ThereportdrewitsconclusionsfrompreviouslypublishedstudiesandwaswrittenbyresearchersfromthePhysiciansCommitteeforResponsibleMedicine,whichadvocatesastrictvegetariandiet.“Underscientificstudy,thesupportforthemilkmythisdefeated.Thisanalysisof58publishedstudiesshowsthattheevidenceonwhichU.S.milkintakerecommendationsarebasedisscant.”saidstudyauthorDr.AmyLanouinastatement.TheU.S.governmenthasgraduallyincreasedrecommendationsfordailycalciumintake,largelyfrommilkproducts.ButthePhysiciansCommittee'sreportsaidincreasingconsumptionofmilkproductswasnotnecessarilythebestwaytoprovidethenecessarycalciumintakeofatleast400milligramsperday.Otherwaystogettheabsorbablecalciumfoundinonecupofcow'smilkincludeacupoforangejuice,twopackagesofinstantoats(燕麥),two-thirdscupoftofu,or1-2/3cupsofbroccoli,thereportsaid.Anditalsopointedoutthatmilkproductsprovide18percentofthetotalfatenergyand25percentofthetotalfatintakeinthedietsofAmericanchildrenwhoaredevelopingincreasingratesofobesity.FrankGreer,whospecializesinchildren'sillnessesattheUniversityofWisconsininMadison,saidtheidealwaytoachievethegoalofhealthybonesistomakesurechildrenexerciseandconsumeupto1,300milligramsadayofcalcium.語篇解讀：本文主要講解并描述了僅喝牛奶不能讓孩子骨骼強(qiáng)健，志向的方式是進(jìn)行適當(dāng)熬煉加上補(bǔ)足夠夠的鈣。1．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthepassage?A．CalciumismoreimportantthanmilkB．VegetariandietbecomespopularC．HowtogetridofobesityD．Doesmoremilkreallybenefitus?解析：選D標(biāo)題歸納題。本文通過一個(gè)探討結(jié)論顛覆了傳統(tǒng)的思想——喝牛奶可滿意孩子對(duì)鈣的需求。除此之外，適當(dāng)?shù)陌緹捄褪卟怂彩茄a(bǔ)鈣的途徑，故答案為D項(xiàng)。2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“scant”inthesecondparagraphmostprobablymean?A．Accurate. B．Enough.C．Notenough. D．Inaccurate.解析：選C詞義揣測(cè)題。依據(jù)第三段第一句話“美國(guó)政府漸漸增加每天的鈣的攝入量”可推知原來的攝入量是不夠的，故選C項(xiàng)。3．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTmentionedasawaytogetabsorbablecalcium?A．Drinkingcow'smilk.B．Drinkingorangejuice.C．Takingmoreexercise.D．Eatingsometofu.解析：選C細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。第一段中提到使青少年的骨骼健康只喝牛奶是不夠的，還須要適當(dāng)?shù)陌緹捄褪秤煤}的食物，如豆腐和花椰菜，可知A、D兩項(xiàng)正確，C項(xiàng)不正確；依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段中的倒數(shù)其次句可知B項(xiàng)正確。4．Wecanseefromthepassagethat________.A．Americanchildren'sobesityhassomethingtodowithmilkintakeB．theU．S.governmenthasrealizedexerciseisimportantforhealthierbonesC．researchersareallagainstchildren'scalciumintakefrommilkproductsD．childrencandevelophealthierbonesonlybyconsumingmilkproducts解析：選A推理推斷題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段最終一句可知牛奶產(chǎn)品占那些變得肥胖的兒童的脂肪攝入量的25%，由此可推斷牛奶的攝入和兒童的肥胖有關(guān)。Ⅱ.閱讀七選五Experiencingbaddreamseverynightcanbefrighteningforanybody.Baddreamscandisturbsleep.__1__That'swhyoneshouldtakestepstostopthemassoonastheyhappeneveryday.Studieshaveshownthatwhenapersonisundersomesortofphysicalormentalstress,he'smorelikelytogetbaddreamsanddisturbedsleep.__2__Forexample,ifyou'reoverworked,learntotakethingsslow.Besides,anunpleasantexperiencethatapersonisunabletogetovercanmakethepersonsufferfrombaddreams.__3__Insuchacase,receivingtreatmentanddealingwiththeunpleasantexperienceistheonlywaytostopbaddreams.Eatingfattyandhigh-protein(高蛋白質(zhì)的)foodsisalsoknowntocausebaddreamsinsomepeople.__4__Takingalightdinnerofsoupsandsaladsisthebest,bothforhealthandforstoppingdisturbedsleepinsomecases.__5__Forexample,yourbedroomshouldbethemostcomfortableplaceintheworld.Soremoveallelectronicequipmentincludingtelevisions.Inaddition,ifyouhavenegativethoughts,itcanhavesideeffectsonthekindofdreamsyouhave.Sofromnowontrytobeahappyandpositiveperson.A．First,weneedtoknowthebadeffectsofbaddreams.B．Forexample,deathofaverycloseonecanresultinbaddreams.C．Theymayalsomakeapersonfeelstressedthroughoutthenextday.D．Baddreamsoccurringbecauseofthiscanbestoppedifthedietischanged.E．Readingsomethingyouenjoycanmakeyoufeelrelaxedandhelpyousleepbetter.F．Besidesthese,therearemanyotherthingsapersoncandotohaveagoodnight'ssleep.G．Tostopbaddreams,it'snecessarytofindoutthecausesofstressinlifeandremovethem.eq\x(語篇解讀：本文是說明文。本文主要介紹了做噩夢(mèng)的緣由及避開噩夢(mèng)的方法。)1．解析：選C該空前一句介紹的是噩夢(mèng)會(huì)影響睡眠，后一句說那就是為什么我們應(yīng)當(dāng)想方法避開做噩夢(mèng)，由此可知，應(yīng)選“噩夢(mèng)還會(huì)讓一個(gè)人其次天一成天感到有壓力”。2．解析：選G依據(jù)該空前一句及后面的例子可知，應(yīng)選“為防止做噩夢(mèng)，我們須要找到生活中壓力的起因并消退這些壓力”。3．解析：選B結(jié)合該空后一句中的“Insuchacase”可知，該空內(nèi)容與一個(gè)例子有關(guān)，故選“例如一位很親近的人的去世會(huì)導(dǎo)致噩夢(mèng)”。4．解析：選D該空所在段內(nèi)容與日常飲食有關(guān)，D項(xiàng)中的thediet是提示，故選“由不良日常飲食引起的噩夢(mèng)可以通過變更飲食來避開”。5．解析：選F該空后所舉的幾個(gè)例子是避開噩夢(mèng)的其他方法，故選“除了這些，還有其他許多方法可以保證一晚的好睡眠”。Ⅲ.完形填空MyhusbandandIwereservinginPeaceCorpsinaremotevillageinnorthernThailand.Thereweremany__1__anddifficulties,particularlyaroundourhousing.WemovedintoourhousethisJune.Shortlythereafter,__2__wewereawayatPeaceCorpstraining,theownerrippedoutallthesurroundingbananagrovestoraisethegroundlevel—shehadplannedon__3__ourhouseandbuildinganewoneafterweleft.Shebroughtintonsofdirt.This__4__ourhouseinakindofmoat(壕溝),andwhentheheavyraincame,ourhouse__5__.This,needlesstosay,wasupsetting,butitturnedintoa__6__，becausewhentheprincipalatmyschoolbecame__7__ofit,hegotmyeight-gradeclasstocometohelpcleanup.Theboys__8__intothemoattodrain(排水)thewater,whilethegirlsmoppedupthewater__9__，spreadnewspapersto__10__itandcleanedup.Beforethe__11__wastrulysolved,however,wehadanotherflood.Thisturnedintoaparty,withteachersandstudents__12__helpingcleanup,andourhostmotherbringinglunchforeveryone.Anothertime,myhusbandsuddenlygotvery__13__—arathersmallinfectioninhisleg__14__，andhewasinstateofshock.Itwasgoingtotaketheambulancetwohourstoreachourhouse,butmyco-teacher__15__arrangedforatrucktotakeustomeetit—thistrulysavedhislifebycuttingtwohoursoffthe__16__.Therewerecountlessotherlessdramatic__17__ofcareandgenerosity.Thiscommunityis__18__tous,andthereisnowaywecanever__19__them.IplantopayitforwardasbestIcan,by__20__lookingforpeopleinneedofsomekindofhelp,rememberinghowkindandcompassionatemyThaicommunityhasbeen.語篇解讀：作者和丈夫曾在泰國(guó)北部的一個(gè)偏僻的小村莊做志愿者，期間遇到了許多挑戰(zhàn)和困難，但好心的學(xué)生和同事幫助他們渡過了難關(guān)，也使得作者確定將愛心傳遞下去。1．A.sights B．challengesC．thoughts D．surprises解析：選B依據(jù)其次段的描述及空后的“difficulties”可知，作者和丈夫經(jīng)驗(yàn)了許多挑戰(zhàn)(challenges)。2．A.unless B．beforeC．though D．while解析：選D依據(jù)空后的“atPeaceCorpstraining”可知，此時(shí)作者和丈夫參與培訓(xùn)，因此是他們不在家的時(shí)候，房主為了抬高地基，毀掉了四周的香蕉園。依據(jù)語境可知選while，意為“在……期間”。3．A.tearingdown B．sellingoutC．puttingup D．puttingdown解析：選A依據(jù)空后的“buildinganewoneafterweleft”可知，房主想新建一處住房，由此可推想，上句應(yīng)是房主想拆除作者住的房子。teardown意為“推倒；拆毀”，符合語境。故選A項(xiàng)。sellout意為“賣完；售罄”；putup意為“建立；張貼；留某人過夜”；putdown意為“放下；寫下”。4．A.forced B．movedC．left D．changed解析：選C句意：房主運(yùn)來幾噸泥土，使我們的房子處在壕溝里。依據(jù)語境，設(shè)空處表示“使……處于某種狀態(tài)”，應(yīng)選C項(xiàng)。leave在此為使役動(dòng)詞。force意為“強(qiáng)迫；迫使”；move意為“移動(dòng)；搬動(dòng)”；change意為“變更”。5．A.collapsed B．floatedC．leaned D．flooded解析：選D依據(jù)下文的“intothemoattodrainthewater”及“wehadanotherflood”可知，當(dāng)暴雨來襲時(shí)，作者住的房子就被水淹了。此處flood為動(dòng)詞，意為“(被)沉沒”，符合語境。collapse意為“倒塌”；float意為“漂移”；lean意為“倚；靠”。6．A.disaster B．blessingC．misfortune D．success解析：選B依據(jù)下文中的“hegotmyeight-gradeclasstocometohelpcleanup”可知，學(xué)校的校長(zhǎng)知道此事后就讓作者教的八年級(jí)的學(xué)生來幫忙清理。原來房子被淹是件不幸的事，但是得到學(xué)生和同事的幫助，這件事反而變成了一件幸事。blessing意為“幸事；幸運(yùn)”，符合語境。7．A.aware B．a(chǎn)fraidC．considerate D．certain解析：選A依據(jù)空后的“hegotmyeight-gradeclasstocometohelpcleanup”可知，學(xué)校的校長(zhǎng)讓作者教的八年級(jí)的學(xué)生來幫忙清理，說明他知道了此事。beawareof意為“知道”；符合語境。故選A項(xiàng)。beafraidof意為“膽怯 ”；considerate意為“愛護(hù)的”，常用于Itisconsiderateofsb.todosth.句型；becertainof意為“對(duì)……確信”。8．A.broke B．burstC．dug D．divided解析：選C依據(jù)空后的“todrainthewater”可知，此處指男生挖開壕溝排水。故選C項(xiàng)。break意為“使破裂”；burst意為“爆發(fā)”；divide意為“分成；分割”。9．A.inside B．a(chǎn)longC．a(chǎn)round D．outside解析：選A本句中while表對(duì)比，男生挖開壕溝排水，與之相對(duì)的是女生擦干屋內(nèi)的水，并鋪上報(bào)紙以吸干水。故選inside。10．A.maintain B．makeC．dry D．protect解析：選C依據(jù)空后的“cleanedup”及常識(shí)可知，把報(bào)紙鋪到地上是為了吸干水。dry在此作動(dòng)詞，意為“使變干；把……擦干”，符合語境。故選C項(xiàng)。maintain意為“保持；維護(hù)”，make意為“使；制造”，protect意為“愛護(hù)”，均不符合語境。11．A.mystery B．conditionC．problem D．puzzle解析：選Cmystery意為“神奇”；condition意為“條件”；problem意為“問題”；puzzle意為“謎”。此處指上文提到的房屋被淹這一問題。故選C項(xiàng)。12．A.again B．stillC．a(chǎn)lso D．just解析：選A依據(jù)上文中的“however,wehadanotherflood”可知，因?yàn)橛衷馐芰艘淮魏樗?，所以老師和學(xué)生們?cè)俅螏椭謇?。關(guān)鍵詞是another，強(qiáng)調(diào)“再一次”。故選A項(xiàng)。13．A.grateful B．sickC．curious D．crazy解析：選B依據(jù)空后的“rathersmallinfectioninhisleg”和“hewasinstateofshock”可知，作者的丈夫生病(sick)了。故選B項(xiàng)。grateful意為“感謝的”；curious意為“新奇的”；crazy意為“瘋狂的”。14．A.disappeared B．botheredC．spread D．lasted解析：選C依據(jù)空后的“hewasinstateofshock”和“theambulancetwohourstoreach”可知作者丈夫的腿部感染擴(kuò)散，不得不動(dòng)用救援車了。故選C項(xiàng)。15．A.immediately B．occasionallyC．carefully D．calmly解析：選A依據(jù)空前的“Itwasgoingtotaketheambulancetwohourstoreachourhouse...”及空后的“arrangedforatrucktotakeustomeetit—thistrulysavedhislifebycuttingtwohoursoff...”可知，救援車須要兩個(gè)小時(shí)才能到達(dá)，作者的同事立即支配了一輛卡車送作者的丈夫。immediately意為“立即；立刻”；occasionally意為“間或；有時(shí)候”；carefully意為“細(xì)致地”；calmly意為“安靜地”。依據(jù)語境可知選A項(xiàng)。16．A.accident B．jobC．case D．ride解析：選D依據(jù)空前的“bycuttingtwohoursoff”可知，相當(dāng)于車程削減了兩個(gè)小時(shí)。ride在此作名詞，指“短途旅程”。17．A.adventures B．a(chǎn)chievementsC．instances D．means解析：選C作者在上文講解并描述了同事和學(xué)生們幫助他們清理房屋及同事幫忙送丈夫去醫(yī)院的故事，這都是關(guān)愛和慷慨的例子，而此處指這樣的例子還有許多。故選C項(xiàng)，instance意為“例子”。adventure意為“歷險(xiǎn)”；achievement意為“成就”；means意為“方式；方法”，為單復(fù)數(shù)同形的名詞。18．A.attractive B．comfortableC．rare D．precious解析：選D依據(jù)上文的“...countlessotherlessdramatic...careandgenerosity.”可知，我們很珍惜這樣的社區(qū)。attractive意為“吸引人的”；comfortable意為“舒適的”；rare意為“稀有的；罕見的”；precious意為“珍貴的；珍貴的”。故選D項(xiàng)。19．A.guard B．repayC．request D．follow解析：選B依據(jù)下文中的“IplantopayitforwardasbestIcan...”可知，此處指作者想回報(bào)這些曾幫助她的人。guard意為“保衛(wèi)”；repay意為“報(bào)答；償還”；request意為“懇求”；follow意為“跟從”。依據(jù)語境可知選B項(xiàng)。20．A.consciously B．suddenlyC．perfectly D．differently解析：選A依據(jù)“IplantopayitforwardasbestIcan...”可知，作者想回報(bào)，因此，找尋須要幫助的人也就成了有意識(shí)所為。consciously意為“有意識(shí)地”；suddenly意為“突然地”；perfectly意為“完備地”；differently意為“不同地”。依據(jù)語境可知選A項(xiàng)。Ⅳ.語法填空Haveyouevernoticedthatyoufeelhappierandmorerelaxedafteryoueatbread,pastaorfruit?Doyoufindthatyouaremoreenergeticandawakeaftereatingyogurtorbeans?Thesethingsarenotaccidents.Foodaffects__1__wefeelmorethanwethink.Scientistsresearching__2__(it)effectonourmoodsarebeginningtounderstandthatwecaninfluenceourfeelingswithwhatweeat.Althoughourmoodsrelate__3__havingvariousfood,itisnotquiteassimpleaschoosingthefoodfortherightoccasions.Ifthat__4__(be)thecase,athleteswouldnoteatalotofcarbohydratesbeforearace.Anotherchemical__5__(connect)withourmoodsiscaffeine,which__6__(find)incoffee,chocolateandmanytypesoftea,anditisperhaps__7__worstthingyoucanhavewhenyouarefeelingstressed.Ofcourse,__8__(enjoy)anicemealwithfriends,whateverweeat,canalsoimpactourspirits.Beingwithfriendsandfamilyplaysabigpartinexperiencinghappiness.Most__9__(important),though,rememberthefollowingoldrule:trytoeatdifferentfood,__10__nottoomuch.語篇解讀：我們所吃的食物會(huì)對(duì)我們的心情有影響。因此，我們要嘗試吃不同的食物，但是不要吃太多。1．how考查賓語從句。分析該句結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)賓語從句，由“wefeelmorethanwethink”可知，從句不缺成分；結(jié)合語境可以推斷，應(yīng)用疑問副詞how引導(dǎo)該從句。2．its考查代詞。由名詞effect可知，應(yīng)用形容詞性物主代詞its。3．to考查動(dòng)詞短語。relateto為固定搭配，意為“