(1)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。ZhangDaqianwasbornonMay10,1899,inNeijiang,Sichuan.HewasoneofthemostfamousChinese

1（artist）ofthe20thcentury.Atayoungage,he

2

（encourage）byhisfamilytopaint.In1917,hewenttoJapan

3

（learn）painting.Twoyearslater,hewenttoShanghaitoreceive

4

（tradition）paintinginstructionfromtwofamousChinesepainters.

5

thehelpofthem,Zhanghadthechancetostudysomeancientpaintings.Zhangwenttothenorthinthelate1920s.He

6

（begin）toworkwithaBeijingpainter,PuXinyu.ZhangandPuweresowellknown

7

theywerehonoredas“SouthZhangandNorthPu”.Itshowedtheirhighstatus（地位）inpainting.In1940,ZhangDaqianwenttothecaves（窟）ofMogaoandYulin.Heandhisgroupworkedharddayandnightthere.

8

（final）,theystudiedover200paintings.Afterthisexperience,hispaintingskillsweremuch

9

（good）thanbefore.Hispainting,createdin1978,wassoldat

10

verygoodpricein2021.

參考答案：1．a(chǎn)rtists2．Wasencouraged

3．tolearn4．traditional

5．With

6．began

7．that

8．Finally

9．better

10．a(chǎn)【解析】本文主要介紹了著名畫家張大千的成名經(jīng)歷。1．oneofthe+形容詞最高級+復(fù)數(shù)名詞，表示“最……之一”。故填artists。2．根據(jù)“byhisfamily”可知，此處用被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)，主語he是第三人稱單數(shù)形式，助動詞用was，故填wasencouraged。3．去日本的目的是為了學(xué)習(xí)繪畫，用動詞不定式表目的，故填tolearn。4．此空修飾名詞painting，應(yīng)填形容詞traditional表示“傳統(tǒng)的”，故填traditional。5．withthehelpof“在……的幫助下”，固定搭配，故填With。6．整段用的都是一般過去時，所以此句也用一般過去時，動詞用過去式，故填began。7．so…that“如此……以至于”，引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句，故填that。8．此空位于句首，且空格后有逗號隔開，應(yīng)填副詞作狀語，故填Finally。9．根據(jù)than可知，此空應(yīng)填比較級，故填better。10．a(chǎn)tagoodprice“以一個非常好的價格”，故填a。（2）閱讀下面的短文，在空白處填入一個適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，或填入括號中單詞的正確形式。ThetraditionalChinesecalendardividestheyearinto24solarterms(節(jié)氣).Thousandsofyearsago,they

1(create)tohelpwithfarming,butthesolartermcultureisstillvery

2

(use)todaytopeople’slife.GrainBudsis

3

eighthsolartermofayear.Itmeansthattheseedsfromthegrainarebeingfullbutarenotripe.ThisyearGrainBudsfalls

4

May21st,andlasts16days.HerearesomethingsyoumaynotknowaboutGrainBuds.Agoodseasonforeatingfish：Asayingaboutrainduringthistimesays,“Aheavyrainfallmakestheriverfull.“Becauseofalotofrain,riversarefullofwaterandagreatnumberoffish.Youcan’tmisstchance

5

(enjoy)them.Also,itissuchagoldenseasonfor

6

(fisherman)!Suggestionsonhealth：Wetandhotdays

7

(be)moninthisseason.Itmaymakeyougetskinillnesseseasily.Itisnecessarytotakemoreexercise.Walking,joggingandpracticingtaichiarepopular.Akeyperiodforflowercaring：Itisagoodperiodforflowerstogrow

8(rapid).Caringforyourgardenbeeseven

9(important)thananyothertime.

10

youtakegoodcareofthem,yourplantswillbehealthier.

參考答案：1．werecreated

2．useful3．the4．on

5．toenjoy6．fishermen

7．a(chǎn)re

8．rapidly9．moreimportant10．If【解析】本文介紹了小滿這個節(jié)氣。1．they指代“24solarterms”，與動詞create之間是被動關(guān)系，結(jié)合“Thousandsofyearsago”可知，此處用一般過去時被動語態(tài)，根據(jù)they可知，助動詞用were，故填werecreated。2．is后接形容詞作表語，useful“有用的”，故填useful。3．序數(shù)詞eighth前要加the，故填the。4．May21st”是具體的一天，時間介詞用on，故填on。5．此空作名詞chance的定語，應(yīng)填動詞不定式，故填toenjoy。6．fisherman“漁民”，可數(shù)名詞，此空應(yīng)填復(fù)數(shù)形式表示泛指，故填fishermen。7．此句是一般現(xiàn)在時，and連接并列主語，be動詞用are，故填are。8．此空修飾動詞grow，應(yīng)該填副詞rapidly“迅速地”，故填rapidly。9．根據(jù)than可知，此空應(yīng)填比較級，故填moreimportant。10．youtakegoodcareofthem”是“yourplantswillbehealthier”的肯定條件，用if引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，故填if。（3）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入一個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Itwasearlyspring,andtherewasalightfog(霧)overthetreesandfields.Iandtheotheryounghorses

1

(eat)atthelowerendofthefieldwhenweheardthecryofdogsfaraway.The

2

(old)amongusliftedhisheadtolisten.“Therearethedogs!”hesaid,andranawayatonce.Wefollowedhimtothetop3

thefield.Mymotherandanotheroldhorsewerestandingnear.“Theyhavefoundahare(野兔),”saidmymother,“andiftheyethisway,we

4

(see)thehunt(打獵).”Soonthedogswereallrunningdownthefieldnexttoours,makingaloud“yoyoyo”soundatthetopoftheirvoices.Afterthencamemenonhorsesasfastastheycould.Suddenly,thedogsbecame

5

(silence)andranaroundwiththeirnosestotheground.“They6

(lose)thesmelloftheharealready,”saidtheoldhorse.“Perhapsshewillrunaway.”

Butthedogsbegantheir“yoyoyo”againandcameatfullspeedtowardsourfield.Justthenahare,wildwithfear,rantowardsthetrees.Thedogsjumpedoverasmallriverandranacrossthefield.Sixoreighthuntsmen(獵人)jumpedtheirhorsesover

7

smallriver,closebehindthedogs.Beforetheharecouldgetaway,thedogswereuponherwithwildcries.Weheardaterriblecry,andthatwastheendofthehare.She

8

(pick)upbyoneofthemen.Shewascoveredinblood,butallthehuntsmenseemedpleased.Iwas

9

surprisedthatatfirstIdidn’tseewhatwashappeningbytheriver.LaterIsawasadsight(景象)—twohorsesweredownandtheriderswerehurt.Mymothersaid,“Ican’tunderstandwhymenlikethissportsomuch.Theyquiteoftenhurt

10

(they)andgoodhorses.”

參考答案：1．wereeating2．oldest3．of4．shallsee5．silent6．havelost7．the8．waspicked9．so

10．themselves【解析】本文節(jié)選自《黑駿馬》，講述了獵人們帶狗打獵的故事。151．根據(jù)“whenweheardthecryofdogsfaraway.”，此處是when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句，從句是一般過去時，主句表示過去正在進(jìn)行的動作，用過去進(jìn)行時，主語是復(fù)數(shù)，be用were，故填wereeating。152根據(jù)“amongus”可知，三者以上的比較應(yīng)用最高級，故填oldest。153．此處是固定搭配thetopof“……的頂部”，故填of。154．if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句，主句用一般將來時，因為主語是第一人稱we，我們可以使用“shall+動詞原形”，故填shallsee。155．became是系動詞，后加形容詞silent作表語，故填silent。156．根據(jù)“already”可知，句子時態(tài)是現(xiàn)在完成時，主語是they，助動詞用have，故填havelost。157．根據(jù)“jumpedtheirhorsesover...smallriver,”可知，是指越過小河，應(yīng)用定冠詞the表示特指，故填the。158主語She代指兔子，和動詞之間是被動關(guān)系，結(jié)合前句，應(yīng)用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)，主語是單數(shù)，be動詞用was，故填waspicked。159．此處是“so...that...”結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“如此……以至于……”，引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句，故填so。160句子主語是they，賓語和主語人稱一致，用反身代詞themselves.（4）Thesedays,Chinesechildrenaresometimes1__(busy)onweekendsthan2__theyhavesomanyafterschoolclasses.However,thisdoesn'tonlyhappeninChina.TheTaylorsareatypicalAmericanfamily.LifeforCathyTaylor'sthreechildrenisverybusy.Theyneedtotakepartinall3___(kind)ofactivities,likebasketballpractice,footballtrainingorpianoclasses.Shebelievestheseactivitiesareimportantfor4_(she)children'sfuture.However,thetiredchildrendon'tgethomeuntilafter7:00p.m.Theyhavedinner5___(quick),andthenitistimeforhomework.Linda,amotherofthree,knowsallaboutsuchstress.Shesaysthatpetitionstartsveryyoungand6__(continue)untilthekidsgetolderinsomefamilies.Shethinksit'sunfairthatmothersarealways7___(pare)themwithotherchildren.Peopleshouldn'tpushthe電子版資料Doctorssaytoomuchpressureisnotgoodforachild's8__(develop).Alltheseactivitiescancausealotofstress9__children.Kidsshouldhavetime10__(relax)andthinkforthemselves.參考答案：1.busier2.because3.kinds4.her5.quickly6.continues7paring8.development9.for10.torelax【解析】本文是一篇說明文。介紹了國內(nèi)外課外補(bǔ)習(xí)班的現(xiàn)象。1.根據(jù)“are"和"than”可知，需填busy“忙碌的”的比較級,故填busier。2.根據(jù)前后的句子可知，需填連詞。此處表達(dá)的是原因，因為有太多課外輔導(dǎo)班所以更忙。故填because。3.據(jù)"all"和“ofactivities",考查allkindsof"各種各樣的”。故填kinds。4.根據(jù)“children'sfuture"可知，此處需填形容詞物主代詞her“她的"，修飾children'sfuture。故填her。5.據(jù)“Theyhavedinner”知,需填副詞。quick的副詞為quickly.6.根據(jù)“Shesaysthatpetitionstartsveryyoungand”可知，此處需填動詞與starts并列。主語為conpetition“競爭”，不可數(shù)名詞，當(dāng)作單數(shù)來看，因此continue“繼續(xù)、持續(xù)”要用三單形式。7.據(jù)"arealways"可知，此處的時態(tài)為現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時。故填paring。8.根據(jù)“achild's"可知，需填名詞。develop的名詞為development。9.根據(jù)“l(fā)ltheseactivitiescancausealotofstress"可知，需填介詞for"為了"，表示為孩子們帶來很多壓力。故填for。10.根據(jù)"havetime"可知，havetimetodosth“有時間做某事”，此處需填不定式torelax。故填torelax。(5)閱讀下面短文，在橫線上填入一個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。DancingwiththeLightAfewyearsago,IvisitedtheClassicalGardensofSuzhou.Duringthevisit,myattentionwasdrawnawayfromtheplants,bridgesandstones,towards

1

wallsofthegardens.Mostlywhite,somepartsofthewallsarelosingsmall

2

(piece)oftheircovering.Thiscreatesspaceinwhichlightandplantscanbe

3

(see).Thewallsarenotonlytheboundariesofthegardens,buttheyalsoformprotectedpathsthatguideyouonatrip.Thememoryofthewhitewallsstayedwithme.Ikept

4

(imagine)howmanyshadows(影)couldbecollectedbythemtodancewiththelight.Thisfantasticmomentwassolively

5

Icamebacktoexploreitwithmycamera.Working6

(free)withthesewallsandtheirmarks,Ibegantofeellikecollectingallthestoriesthatwerepaintedthere.Weatherandtimehaveturnedthese

7

(amaze)whitewallsintoChineselandscapepaintings.

I8

(take)thephotosduringthemonthofJune,justaftertherain.Theairwasfullofsmalldropsofwater,showingthelightandthecolor

9

thethingsaround.Ascolorwasbornoutofadancebetweenlightandabody,whenphotographingincolorIfound

10

(I)enjoyingamomentofthisdance.參考答案：1．the

2．pieces

3．seen

4．imagining5．that

6．freely

7．a(chǎn)mazing

8．took

9．of

10．myself【解析】本文主要介紹了作者參觀蘇州古典園林的經(jīng)歷。1.根據(jù)“wallsofthegardens.”可知此處是特指花園的墻壁，應(yīng)用定冠詞the，故填the。2.piece“塊”，可數(shù)名詞，此處應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)表示泛指，故填pieces。3．see是動詞，根據(jù)“canbe”可知是含有情態(tài)動詞can的被動語態(tài)canbedone，故填seen。4．keepdoingsth“一直做某事”，為固定短語，故填imagining。5．根據(jù)“solively...Icamebacktoexploreitwithmycamera.”可知此處是so...that“如此……以至于……”引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句，故填that。6．free是形容詞，此處修飾動詞應(yīng)用副詞freely，故填freely。7．空后是名詞，所以此處應(yīng)用形容詞amazing“令人驚奇的”修飾物，故填amazing。8．take是動詞，根據(jù)語境和后句可知，本句是一般過去時，動詞用過去式，故填took。9．根據(jù)“thecolor...thethingsaround”可知是指周圍事物的顏色，應(yīng)用of所有格，表示“……的”，故填of。10．根據(jù)“Ifound...enjoyingamomentofthisdance.”可知主語是I，所以賓語應(yīng)該用反身代詞myself，故填myself。(6)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入一個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。DearMillie,YouaskedmeabouttheDragonBoatFestival.Nowletmetellyousomethingaboutit.TheDragonBoatFestivalisatraditionalChinesefestivalweChinese

11

(celebrate)forover2,000years.It’soneofthethreemostimportantlunarfestivalsinChina,alongwiththeSpringFestivalandtheMidAutumnFestival.TheDragonBoatFestivaltakesplaceonthe

12

(twentytwo)ofJunethisyear.Throughouttheyears,manystorieshavebeentoldaboutthe

13

(begin)ofthisfestival.Amongthem,

14

(famous)oneisaboutQuYuan,awellknownscholarinancientChina.Henotonly

15

(write)goodpoemsbutalsogavesuggestionstotheking.

16

hedevotedhimselftohiscountry,thekingdidn’tlikehim.Thisgreatpersondrowned(溺水)himselfintheMiluoRiveronthe5thdayofthe5thChineselunarmonthbecausehisChuStatefelltoQinState.Localpeopletriedtosavehimorfindhisbody,buttheydidn’t

17

(success).QuYuanwaslaterconsideredas

18

nationalhero.Torememberhim,everyfifthdayofthefifthlunarmonth,peoplebeatdrumsandgoboatracingontheriverastheyoncedid

19

(keep)fishawayfromhisbody.DragonboatracingisoneofthemostimportantcustomsChinesepeoplepracticetocelebratetheDragonBoatFestival.Thisactivity

20

(hold)widelyinChina’ssouthernandsoutheasternareaswheretherearelotsofriversandlakes.Lotsoflove,Wendy參考答案：1．havecelebrated2．twentysecond3．beginning

4．themostfamous5．wrote6．Though/Although7．succeed8．a(chǎn)9．tokeep10．isheld【解析】本文主要介紹了端午節(jié)以及端午節(jié)的由來。1．celebrate“慶?！?，根據(jù)“forover2,000years”可知句子用現(xiàn)在完成時，主語是we，助動詞用have。故填havecelebrated。2．此處表示“六月二十二日”，用序數(shù)詞表示。故填twentysecond。3．thebeginningof“……的開始”。故填beginning

。4．根據(jù)“Amongthem”可知此處用最高級形式mostfamous，最高級前加定冠詞the。故填themostfamous。5．根據(jù)“butalsogave”知用一般過去時，動詞用過去式，故填wrote。6．前后兩句是讓步關(guān)系，用though/although引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。7．助動詞didn’t后加動詞原形succeed“成功”。故填succeed。8．此處泛指“一個民族英雄”，national以輔音音素開頭，用不定冠詞a。故填a。9．peoplebeatdrumsandgoboatracingontheriverastheyoncedid”的目的是“keepfishawayfromhisbody”，作目的狀語，用不定式。10．主語Thisactivity和謂語hold之間是被動關(guān)系，且描述現(xiàn)在的情況，用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)，主語是單數(shù)，be動詞用is。（7）WhenCanadianteenagerRyanwassixyearsold,histeachertoldhimthatinmanypartsofAfrica,therewasnocleanwater.Shesaidthatpeopleoftenmadethemselvesill,andeven1____(die),justfromdrinkingorbathingindirtywater.2____shesaidmadeRyanupset.Hedecidedtoraisemoneyforawell(井)so3___peopleinAfricacouldhavecleanwater.Hedidextra4__(chore)forhisparentsandraised$70allbyhimself.Thenhefoundoutthatitactuallycost$2,0005___(dig)awell.Mostpeoplewouldhavegivenupatthispoint,butnotRyan.Hewasdisappointed,butdeterminedtoraise6___(much)money.Finallyhecollectedover$2,000.Themoneywasusedtodigthefirstof"Ryan'swells".Sincethen,Ryanhascontinuedtoraisemoneyformorewells.7__fact,Ryanhasraisedover$1,500,000!Ryancalls8__(he)"anormalboy"andlikestoplayicehockeywhenhe'snotinschoolortravelingaroundtheworldtalkingtoother9__(student)abouthimselfandhiswork.Asforthefuture,hehassaidthatheisn'texactlysurewhathewillchoosetodo."Somethingalongthelinesof10____engineerorateacher.Maybealeader!"參考答案：1.died2.What3.that4.chores5.todig6.more7.In8.himself9.students10.an【解析】本文講述了一個加拿大少年為了讓非洲的人們喝到干凈的水而付出的努力。1.die"死亡",動詞。根據(jù)"oftenmade"可知句子是一般過去時，動詞用過去式。故填died。2.這是賓語從句，同時空處作said的賓語，應(yīng)用what，故填What。3.根據(jù)語境可知打井是為了讓非洲的人們喝到干凈的水。sothat"為了"，引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句。故填that。14.chore"家務(wù)活”，可數(shù)名詞，此處是指額外的家務(wù)，應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)。故填chores。5.dig"挖”,是動詞。此處應(yīng)用動詞不定式作主語，故填todig。6.much“許多"，此處暗含比較，要籌集更多的錢，應(yīng)用more。7.infact"實際上"，為固定短語。故填I(lǐng)n。8.根據(jù)"Ryancalls...'anormalboy'andlikestoplayicehockey”可知瑞恩稱他自己是"一個普通的男孩”，應(yīng)用he的反身代詞，故填himself。9.student“學(xué)生”，可數(shù)名詞，other后加可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。10，根據(jù)"orateacher"可知此處是表示泛指，engineer是以元音音素開頭，應(yīng)用an。故填an。(8)閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~,或用括號中單詞的正確形式。Asoldier(士兵)whowasatwarlookedafterhishorsewithgreatcare.Hegaveitthebestgrasstoeatand1(clean)watertodrink.Hekeptitscoatcleanandcovereditwithawarmquilt2coldnights.Asaresult,thehorsewasstrongandservedthesoldierquite3(good)intheWorldWarI.4,thesoldierchangedafterthewar.Hemadethehorseliveinasmallandcoldstable(馬廄)andgaveitverylittlefoodtoeat.Thesoldierhadthehorseworkhardonhisfarm,5(carry)heavythingseveryday.Aftersometime,anotherwarbrokeout.Thesoldiertookouthisweapons(武器)andprepared6(join)thebattle.Hewenttothestabletoleadhishorse.Herodeonthehorse,7itdidn’tmove.Thesoldierkickedit.Thengraduallyitsthin8(leg)begantokneeldownslowlytotheground.Thehorsegavethesoldieralookofsadness.“Master,”itsaid,“you’llhavetofightonfootthistime.Youhavemademeworklike9elephantandfedmelikeasheep.I’mnolongerthestronghorsethatyouoncehelped10(I)tobee.Canyouseewhatyou’vedone”參考答案：1．thecleanest2．on3．well4．However5．carrying6．tojoin7．but8．legs9．a(chǎn)n10．me【解析】1．a(chǎn)nd連接兩個并列關(guān)系，根據(jù)“thebestgrass”可知，此空也應(yīng)填形容詞最高級，且形容詞最高級前要有the，故填thecleanest。2．coldnights”是指在寒冷的夜晚，前應(yīng)加上時間介詞on，故填on。3．句意：結(jié)果，這匹馬很強(qiáng)壯，在第一次世界大戰(zhàn)中很好地幫助了士兵。根據(jù)“thehorsewasstrongandservedthesoldierquite...intheWorldWarI.”可知，此處修飾動詞served，應(yīng)使用副詞well。4．第一段所描述的內(nèi)容與第二段開頭“thesoldierchangedafterthewar.Hemadethehorseliveinasmallandcoldstable”是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，且空格后有逗號隔開，應(yīng)填副詞however表示“然而”，故填However。5．此空作伴隨狀語，且thehorse和carry是主動關(guān)系，故此處應(yīng)填現(xiàn)在分詞，故填carrying。6．preparetodosth“準(zhǔn)備去做某事”。故填tojoin。7．分析前后句語境可知，前后句為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，but符合語境。8．leg“腿”，可數(shù)名詞，此處應(yīng)使用復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填legs。9．此處泛指“像一頭大象”，elephant是以元音音素開頭的，故填an。10．動詞help后接人稱代詞賓格作賓語，故填me。（9）Oneday,Mr.WhiteandhissonJameswenttoakitefestival.Inthepark,alotofpeoplewere1(fly)kites.WhenJamessawmanydifferentkindsofkites,hewasreallyhappyandhebought2beautifulkiteinashop.With3(he)father’shelp,Jamesstartedtoflythekite.Soon,thekitewashighupandthenstayedintheskyforseveralminutes.Jamessaid,“Dad,itseemsthatthestring(線)iskeepingthekitefromflyinghigher.4wecutit,Ithinkitwillbefreeandflymuchhigher.Canwecutit”Thefatherdidn’treply,butjustcutthestringoffthereel(線軸).Suddenly,thekitebegantogo5(high),whichmadethesonmuchhappier.

However,surprisingly,thekitewasingdown.Atlast,thekite6(fall)ontothegrass.Jamesfeltupsetandasked,“Ithoughtthekitewouldflyhigherwithoutthestring.Whydiditfalldown”Thefathersmiledandbeganto7(explain),“Thekiteitselfcan’tflyupinthesky.Byusingthestring,wecanbe8controlofthekite.Whenwecutthestring,itcannotsupport(支持)thekiteanymore.”Inourlife,sometimestherearesome9(thing)stoppingusfromgrowing.Butinfact,theymightsupportusthemost.Wecanreallygrowupandbeestrongerafterweknowthe10(important)ofthem.So,justfacethemandenjoy!參考答案：1．flying2．a(chǎn)3．his4．If5．higher6．fell7．explain8．in9．things10．importance【解析】本文講述父子倆去放風(fēng)箏，父親讓兒子明白了風(fēng)箏線并沒有阻止風(fēng)箏飛得更高，而是給它方向和力量并使其一直飛下去，人生也是如此。1．此句是過去進(jìn)行時，此處填現(xiàn)在分詞flying。故填flying。2．橫線上表示泛指一個，beautiful是輔音音素開頭，所以填a。3．分析句子可知，橫線上是限定詞修飾father，所以將he變?yōu)樾稳菰~性物主代詞his。故填his。4．橫線后是條件狀語從句，表示“如果”，所以填if，首首字母大寫。5．根據(jù)后文“whichmadethesonmuchhappier”可知，是風(fēng)箏飛得更高，所以填比較級higher。故填higher。6．此句是描述過去的事，所以是一般過去時，將fall變?yōu)閒ell。7．通過使用繩子，我們可以控制住風(fēng)箏。”“begintodo”開始做某事，所以填動詞原形explain。故填explain。