PAGEPAGE3五種邏輯思維說(shuō)理方法叫你如何寫(xiě)作文前言很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間，我在思索：語(yǔ)篇解讀的成果能否用在寫(xiě)作中？答案是確定的。但是問(wèn)題是，許多人干脆套用語(yǔ)篇行文框架。這發(fā)展到最終，反而不利于思維拓展。我們首先要知道：語(yǔ)篇解讀主要是為了解讀作者用什么的手段（how)告知一件什么樣的事（what)，以及目的是為了什么(why）。現(xiàn)在我們?yōu)榱说玫狡渲械膆ow，就用數(shù)學(xué)公式來(lái)固定化，這科學(xué)嗎？應(yīng)當(dāng)說(shuō)初期沒(méi)有問(wèn)題，終歸這是仿照，任何語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)都是從仿照起先的。但是時(shí)間久了，我們更要習(xí)得作者如何通過(guò)連貫的手法把思維有邏輯地表達(dá)出來(lái)。對(duì)，讀者沒(méi)有聽(tīng)錯(cuò)，我說(shuō)的連貫更多側(cè)重于語(yǔ)義。經(jīng)過(guò)大量的實(shí)踐，可以總結(jié)為五種邏輯說(shuō)理模式。本文參閱了本年度國(guó)內(nèi)最新出版的五十來(lái)本雅思、托福、SAT圖書(shū)，然后結(jié)合自己的感悟而成。（孫三五）且以剛剛結(jié)束的鹽城期中考試為例來(lái)闡述，其中我重點(diǎn)說(shuō)明中間段的說(shuō)理如何體現(xiàn)。題目81.請(qǐng)閱讀下面文字及圖片，并根據(jù)要求用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)一篇150詞左右的文章。ManystudentsinChinaregardpassingthecollegeentranceexaminationastheultimate(終極的)goalofacademiclife.Almostallstudentsstudyharduptoseniorhighschooltogethighergradesineverysubject,andbeinabetterpositiontoexcelingaokaoandgetadmittedtoa“good”university.Studentsknowthatoncetheygetadmittedtoa“good”university,fewerchallengesliebetweenthemandacollegediploma.Therefore,quiteafewstudents,over-burdenedwithstudiessincetheirprimaryschooldays,loseinterestinstudies,letaloneexcellinginacademicsafterenteringauniversity.However,gettingacollegedegreenowrequiresmoreeffortthanitdidbefore.InSeptember,theMinistryofEducationreleasedanannouncement,requiringuniversitiestoincreasethedifficultyofundergraduatecoursesandworkhardertoendacademicmisconductinbachelor’stheses(畢業(yè)論文).Universitieswillreasonablyincreasestudents’academicburdentoencouragethemtoworkharderandimprovetheirknowledgeandskilllevels.However,whiletheMinistryofEducation’splansaimtoincreaseuniversitystudents’academicburden,they’renotintendedtoputextrapressureonthem.Instead,thenewrequirementsaremeanttofulfillthebasicrequirementsofuniversityeducation.【寫(xiě)作內(nèi)容】1.用約30個(gè)單詞概括上述信息的主要內(nèi)容；2.用約120個(gè)單詞發(fā)表你的觀點(diǎn)，內(nèi)容包括：（1）你對(duì)“高校生增負(fù)”持什么觀點(diǎn)？說(shuō)明你的理由（至少兩點(diǎn)）；（2）你進(jìn)入高校后將如何度過(guò)你的高校生活？剖析說(shuō)理第一種：觀點(diǎn)-說(shuō)明-結(jié)果-對(duì)比說(shuō)明：陳述觀點(diǎn)：干脆說(shuō)出支持或者反對(duì)的緣由。說(shuō)明緣由：說(shuō)明這個(gè)緣由。探討結(jié)果：陳述這么做帶來(lái)的結(jié)果。對(duì)比分析：與另外一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)做對(duì)比，再次強(qiáng)調(diào)自己所支持或者反對(duì)觀點(diǎn)的合理性。概括：Manycollegestudents,whoonceworkedhardtoachievehighgaokaoscores,loseinterestinstudiesandfailtoacquireoutstandingacademicabilities.Fortunately,achangeincollegeeducationisontheway.中間段：說(shuō)理其次種：現(xiàn)象-觀點(diǎn)-結(jié)果-說(shuō)明陳述現(xiàn)象：先說(shuō)一下你將要提出的觀點(diǎn)對(duì)什么現(xiàn)象是有好處或者壞處的。提出觀點(diǎn)：用假設(shè)法來(lái)提出自己的觀點(diǎn)。探討結(jié)果：說(shuō)明一下接受你的觀點(diǎn)會(huì)有什么樣的結(jié)果。說(shuō)明緣由：說(shuō)明一下為什么這樣的結(jié)果會(huì)發(fā)生。說(shuō)理第三種：觀點(diǎn)-細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)（多個(gè)理由）-總結(jié)提出觀點(diǎn)：干脆說(shuō)出自己的觀點(diǎn)。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)綻開(kāi)：先寫(xiě)一個(gè)自己觀點(diǎn)的理由。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)綻開(kāi)：再寫(xiě)一個(gè)自己觀點(diǎn)的理由?？偨Y(jié)觀點(diǎn)：說(shuō)明自己的觀點(diǎn)的確是合理的。說(shuō)理第四種：觀點(diǎn)-說(shuō)明-結(jié)果-回來(lái)邏輯說(shuō)理法提出觀點(diǎn)：說(shuō)明自己的理由。說(shuō)明緣由：說(shuō)明這個(gè)現(xiàn)象如何發(fā)生的。推導(dǎo)結(jié)果：說(shuō)明接著又會(huì)帶來(lái)什么問(wèn)題?；貋?lái)觀點(diǎn)：換一種說(shuō)法來(lái)重復(fù)自己的觀點(diǎn)。說(shuō)理第五種：反方觀點(diǎn)-說(shuō)明-反對(duì)-說(shuō)明提出反方：有意先說(shuō)出反方的觀點(diǎn)。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)綻開(kāi)：說(shuō)明一下反方觀點(diǎn)被提出的理由。提出反對(duì)：說(shuō)明反方觀點(diǎn)的疏漏之處。說(shuō)明觀點(diǎn)：說(shuō)明支持方觀點(diǎn)的合理之處。參考答案：Manycollegestudents,whoonceworkedhardtoachievehighgaokaoscores,loseinterestinstudiesandfailtoacquireoutstandingacademicabilities.Fortunately,achangeincollegeeducationisontheway.Ifirmlybackuptheactthatuniversitiesreasonablyincreasestudents’academicburden.Firstly,toensurethehighqualityofeducation,universitiesshouldkeepstudentsundercompetitivepressurebyassigningthemchallengingtasks.Secondly,universitylifeiswidelyacknowledgedtobeanimportanttimeinshapingyoungpeople’spersonalitiesandvalues,sotheyshouldtakeadvantageofit.Lastly,togainanedgeinfuturecareers,studentsareexpectedtostudyhardertoequipthemselveswithmoreknowledgeandskills.WhenIenteruniversity,Iwillcherishmyuniversitylifebymakingitbusybutvaluable.Iwill