第05講閱讀理解主旨大意題、推理判斷題學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)內(nèi)容要求閱讀理解閱讀理解主旨大意題解題方法閱讀理解推理判斷題解題方法閱讀理解說(shuō)明文語(yǔ)議論文解題思路知識(shí)講解知識(shí)講解一、閱讀理解推理判斷題推理判斷題是閱讀理解試題中的重要題型之一，包括推理和判斷兩個(gè)方面，是考生失分率較高的題型?？疾榭忌高^(guò)文章表面文字信息推測(cè)文章陷含意思，進(jìn)行邏輯推理，對(duì)文章的細(xì)節(jié)、作者的態(tài)度、意圖作出正確推理判斷的能力。1：推斷隱含意義解題技巧：1）．Scanning，找到相關(guān)信息點(diǎn)2）．Studyreading，不但理解表層，而且要由表及里、由淺入深地分析3）．推理，以文中提供的信息為依據(jù)，結(jié)合常識(shí)，作出符合邏輯的推斷2：推斷觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度解題技巧：根據(jù)作者在文中的措辭，尤其是表達(dá)感情色彩的形容詞、副詞、動(dòng)詞及所舉的例子，推斷出作者的弦外之音。3：推斷寫作目的QuestionForms:解題技巧：1）.

找主旨2）.

看文體――根據(jù)文章結(jié)構(gòu)和措辭(1)toentertainreaders常見于故事類的文章(2)topersuadereaders常見于廣告類的文章(3)toinformreaders/offerinformation/tips多見于科普類﹑新聞報(bào)道類﹑文化類或社會(huì)類的文章.4：推斷文章出處QuestionForms:解題技巧：這類問(wèn)題應(yīng)從文章的內(nèi)容或結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)判斷其出處:A.報(bào)紙:前面會(huì)出現(xiàn)日期、地點(diǎn)或通訊社名稱。B.廣告:因其格式特殊,容易辨認(rèn)。C.產(chǎn)品說(shuō)明:器皿、設(shè)備的使用說(shuō)明會(huì)有產(chǎn)品名稱或操作方式,而藥品的服用說(shuō)明會(huì)告知服用時(shí)間、次數(shù)、藥量等。D.網(wǎng)站：文中會(huì)出現(xiàn)click(點(diǎn)擊)，online(在線),web(網(wǎng)絡(luò)),website(網(wǎng)址)等字眼。5：推斷下續(xù)內(nèi)容解題技巧：1）．把握作者寫作思路2）．把握文章結(jié)構(gòu)，注意最后一段內(nèi)容，特別是最后幾句話。典例一（2023·湖南高二湖南師大附中?？计谥校〥isordersofthebrainareagrowingworry.Twelvemental—healthconditionsaffectabout970millionpeoplearoundtheworldaccordingtotheGlobalBurdenofDiseaseProject:morethanoneintenofthepopulation.Thisfigurecouldwellbeanunderestimate.Neurological(神經(jīng)學(xué)的)problemssuchasstroke,migraine(偏頭痛),Parkinson’sandbraininjuryarecollectivelytheleadingglobalsourceofdisability.Ageingpopulationswithunhealthywaysoflifearelikelytomakethisproblemmuchworseeverywhere.Inanidealworld,sciencewouldbeingtotherescue.Butthebrainisaplexorgansometimesdescribedasthemostplexstructureintheknownuniverse.Aprivatepanyspentanestimated$43bnonresearchintotherapiesforAlzheimer’sdiseasebetween1998and2017andcameupempty—handed.Thatbigfailureisperhapsthebiggestreasonwhy,inthe2010s,manydrugfirmsabandonedorcutbackonneuroscience(神經(jīng)科學(xué))research.Happily,therearesignsofachange.InourTechnologyQuarterlythisweekwereportonarenaissance(復(fù)興)inneuroscience,withmanydrugpanies,someofthembigones,showingrenewedinterestinthefield.Thisfreshenergyisingfromavarietyoftechniquesandideas.Moreprecisediagnosisandwell—confirmedbiomarkerswhichrevealthecourseofdisease,areimprovingclinicaltrials.Newkindsoftreatmentsuchasgenetherapy,areexpandingtherangeofdiseasesthatcanbetackled.Otheradvancesareanincreasingamountofdata,whichisprovingcriticaltounderstandingthebiologicalrootsofneurologicalproblems.Ashopesrisefortacklingthisfinalfrontierofbio—medicine,itisworthrememberingthatthesecretstoahealthybrainarenotonlygoingtoefromapillorpsychotherapist’streatments.Thehealthofthebrainisinfluencedbywhatgoesonoutsideitsuchasnutrition,exercise,theabuseofalcohol,education,socialconnectionsandpollution.Noneofthisshouldbesurprising:Thehealthofthebrainistiedtothehealthandthewell—beingofthebodythatitsitsin.Effortstoensurebetterbrainhealthareaninvestmentthatwillkeepbringingadvantagestoindividuals,andtosocieties,fordecadestoe.12．Whatdoesthewritersuggestinboththefirstandlastparagraphstopreventbraindiseases?A．Lessworry. B．Morefinancialaid.C．Magicmedicine. D．Healthylifestyles.13．Whatcontributetotherenewedinterestinneuroscienceresearch?A．Profitsandfame. B．Advancesintechnology.C．Largerrangeofdiseases. D．Moreclinicaltrials.14．Whatismostlikelytobethewriter’sjob?A．Ajournaleditor. B．Alibrarian.C．Asponsor. D．Aclinicaldoctor.15．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A．plexbrainhealth. B．Anepicresearchfailure.C．Renewedneuroscienceresearch. D．Defeatingbraindisorders. 二、

閱讀理解主旨大意題 閱讀理解對(duì)文章的主旨大意進(jìn)行命題，旨在考查考生通過(guò)對(duì)原文快速瀏覽正確獲取語(yǔ)篇的大意，并對(duì)文章的主題、標(biāo)題、段落、中心思想加以歸納理解以及辨別主要信息和次要信息的能力。要求考生在閱讀短文時(shí)，能夠提煉文章的中心情節(jié)，體會(huì)作者的主要意圖，充分運(yùn)用邏輯概括能力，透過(guò)字里行間獲取文章最具代表性的觀點(diǎn)、中心論點(diǎn)及作者的情感傾向。1、利用主題段來(lái)概括標(biāo)題主題段一般在文章的第一段和最后一段，一般來(lái)說(shuō)第一段經(jīng)常提出文章的主題或最后一段總結(jié)文章的主題，知道了文章的主題也就知道了文章的中心，把中心概括成一句話或一個(gè)短語(yǔ)——文章的標(biāo)題。2、利用主題句來(lái)概括標(biāo)題解題的關(guān)鍵是要抓住每一段的首尾句，要注意貫穿文章始終的詞語(yǔ)。通過(guò)尋找文章的主題句，并對(duì)主題句進(jìn)行概括和提煉，從而確定文章的標(biāo)題。做此類題時(shí)，要避免以下三種錯(cuò)誤：(1)概括不夠(多表現(xiàn)為部分替代整體，從而縮小了范圍)；(2)過(guò)度概括(多表現(xiàn)為人為擴(kuò)大范圍)；(3)以事實(shí)、細(xì)節(jié)替代文章大意。規(guī)律方法2：如何概括文章大意？1.

做概括文章大意題時(shí)，有效的方法就是辨認(rèn)主題句。主題句具有簡(jiǎn)潔性、概括性的特點(diǎn)，文章的中心思想往往是每段主題句的綜合。若文章無(wú)主題句，這就需要我們依據(jù)文中的事實(shí)、細(xì)節(jié)、觀點(diǎn)去進(jìn)行分析、推斷和歸納，從而概括出文章大意。2.

在選擇答案時(shí)，根據(jù)自己總結(jié)的大意，就可以用排除法將干擾項(xiàng)逐個(gè)排除。規(guī)律方法3：如何總結(jié)段落大意？段落大意即某一段的中心思想，通常中心思想會(huì)在首句體現(xiàn)出來(lái)，這就是常說(shuō)的段落主題句。主題句具有鮮明的概括性，句子結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單，段落中其他句子均用來(lái)解釋、支撐或擴(kuò)展主題句所表達(dá)的主題思想。主題句通常位于段首，也可位于段尾、段中。有時(shí)作者沒(méi)有寫出明顯的主題句，要學(xué)會(huì)根據(jù)段落內(nèi)容去概括主題句。典例二（2023·福建福州·高二福建省福州外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)校?？计谥校〧ormanyyearsthere’sbeenadebateaboutrewardingourchildren.Doesitwork?Isiteffective?Somepeoplethinkweshouldestablishastandardwithourkidsandgivethemsomethingformeetingthisstandardasareward.Punishmentisgivenoutinmuchthesameway,butit’susedwhencertainstandardsofperformance,behavior,etc.havenotbeenmet.Kidswilloftenbeemoredutifulwhenthreatenedwithpunishment,andworkharderwhenpromisedavaluablereward.Theproblemiswhathappenswhenyouaren’taround.Todevelopresponsible,selfdisciplined(自律)kids,parentsneedtopromotecertainideas.Oneoftheseideasisthateveryonejoinsinandhelpsinyourfamily.Anotherideaisthattherecanbeenjoymentindoinganytaskifwechoosetomakeitso.Whenataskisforaworthycause(ourfamilycanenjoythehousemorebecauseIhelpedcleanit),thismessagecanhaveabigimpact.Thisishowwehelpourkidsdevelopasenseofresponsibility.Whenourchildrendevelopthisresponsibility,they’llbemoredisciplined,andthey’llcontroltheiremotionsbetter.Whenwegiverewardstoourkids,wereducethesenseofresponsibility.Wealsocreatechildrenwhomaytemporarilyperformtoacertainstandard,butwhoaren’tlikelytocontinuetheperformancewithoutthecarrothanginginfrontofthem.“Rewardsandpunishmentcanchangebehaviorforawhile,buttheycannotchangethepersonwhoengagesinthebehavior,”saidAlfieKohn,authorofPunishedbyRewards.“Goodvalueshavetobegrownfromtheinsideout.”Parentscanhelpgivetheirchildrenasenseofsharedresponsibilityanddisciplinewhichcanlastalifetime.Therealrewardsthatyourchildrenreceivewillbetheirreadinessfortheplexanddemandingworldthatwaitsforthem—aworldthatrewardsthosewhohavelearnedthesecretsofdisciplineandresponsibility.Sokeepthoseshinyrewardingtoyourself,andletyourkidsfindtheirownrewards.35．Accordingtothepassage,whenchildrenarethreatenedwithpunishment,________.A．theymayloseinterestintheirwork B．theymayappeartobewellbehavedC．theymaychangetoanotherperson D．theresultswillbeworsethanusual36．Theunderlinedpart“thecarrot”inParagraph4probablyrefersto________.A．rewards B．a(chǎn)ims C．a(chǎn)pologies D．doubts37．Accordingtothepassage,AlfieKohnwouldagreethatparentsshould________.A．neverpayattentiontothewaytheirchildrendothingsB．showtheirchildrenhowtobehavebyexampleC．neverpunishtheirchildrenD．helptheirchildrenestablishgoodvalues38．What’sthebesttitleforthepassage?A．Doyouoftenrewardyourchildren?B．Shouldparentsrewardtheirchildren?C．Whenshouldparentsrewardtheirchildren?D．Whatcanparentsrewardtheirchildrenwith?鞏固練習(xí)鞏固練習(xí)一、（2324高二上·遼寧·開學(xué)考試）Tiredofstandinginline?Waitabitlonger,andyoumayneverhavetoagain.Amazonhasopened24ofitsAmazonGostores,whichusecamerasandartificialintelligence(AI)toseewhatyou’vetakenoffshelvesandchargeyouasyouwalkout.SomepaniesarecloselycopyingAmazon’sapproachtousingAlpoweredcamerasfixedinceilings.Butothersaretryinganentirelydifferentwaytoskipthecheckout:smartshoppingcarts,panieshaveaddedcamerasandsensorstothecarts,andareusingAItotellwhatyou’veputinthem.Customerspaybyenteringacreditcard,orthroughanonlinepaymentsystem.Whenacustomerexitsthestore,agreenlightontheshoppingcartshowsthattheirorderisplete,andthey’recharged.Thepaniesbehindthesmartcarts,includingCaperandVeeve,sayit’smucheasiertoaddtechnologytotheshoppingcartthantoanentirestore.Amazom’sGostoresrelyonhundredsofcamerasintheceiling.Theshelvesalsoincludesensorstotellwhenanitemisremoved.AhmedBeshry,cofounderofCaper,believesthetechnologytorunGoistooexpensivetouseinalargeformatgrocerystore.NeitherCapernorVeevehavesaidhowmuchtheirsmartshoppingcartswillcost,makingitdifficulttoparethedifferentformats.ShariqSiddiqui,CEOofVeeve,said,“We’realwayshappywhenAmazonisdoingsomething.Theyforceretailerstogetoutoftheiroldschoolthinking.”Eachtimeabusinessusesartificialintelligenceandcameras,itraisesquestionsaboutcustomers’privacyandtheeffectonjobs.Beshrynotesthatthecamerasinhisshoppingcartpointdownintothecart,soonlyacustomer’shandandpartoftheirarmwillbecaptured(拍攝)oncamera.1．Whatdoweknowaboutthesmartshoppingcarts?A．Theyarelinkedtothecamerasfixedintheceilings.B．Theyarenotabletorecognizegoodsputinthem.C．Theyflashthegreenlightwhentheorderisfinished.D．Theycantellcustomerswheretofindwhattheywant.2．WhatdoesBeshrythinkofthetechnologyusedinAmazon’sGostores?A．Itmayreducethecostofrunningastoregreatly.B．Itislikelytohelpretailerstothinkdifferently.C．Ithasattractedmanymoreretailersthanbefore.D．Itcostsmuchmorethantheirshoppingcarts.3．WhenitestoAIandcameras,whatmakesthepublicworriedmost?A．Thatgoodsinthestoresmaybemoreexpensive.B．Thattheycanonlybuygoodsonline.C．Thatsomebodymayknowtheirprivacy.D．Thattheyhavetowaitinalineforalongertime.4．Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A．Thenewtechnologyimprovesretailsale.B．Smartshoppingcartswillletyouskiptheline.C．Alpoweredcamerasareusedinretailstores.D．Artificialintelligenceaffectsthefutureofjobmarket.二、（2324高二上·福建開學(xué)考試）Afternearly70yearsofspaceexploration,Earthisnowsurroundedbyspacejunk.Recently,anaccidentmadethecleanupmoredifficulttostart.AccordingtotheEuropeanSpaceAgency(ESA),scientistsplanontestingtheir“junktruck”,ClearSpace1,in2025.It’saspacecraftwithfourarmsthatcancatchdebris(碎片)andbringitbacktoEarth.TheyhavechosentobringbackVESPA,a113kilogram,twometerwiderocketpart.However,inAugust,itwashitbyanotherpieceofspacejunk,creatingnewpieces.TheESAisnowrevisingitscleanupplan.MostsatellitestodayaresentintoEarth’sloworbit,whichreachesuptoaround2,000kilometersabovetheEarth.There,spacecraftaremostlikelytocrashwitheachother.Theremaybeasmanyas170millionpiecesofspacejunkinorbit.Bigorsmall,anyofthepiecescancauseharmtoaspacecraft.Intermsofthecleanup,scientistshavesomeotherideas.Onepopularplanistoequipaspacecraftwithharpoons(叉)andmagnets(磁鐵).Thecraftwouldshoottheharpoontostickintothedebrisbefore“throwing”itbacktoEarth.Magnetscouldmovethedebris,changingitsdirection.ThedebriswouldburnafterenteringEarth’satmospheresotherewouldn’tbemuchleftwhenitreachesEarth.Scientistsarealsoconsideringshootinglasers(激光)fromspacecrafttoheatupthedebris’surface,creatingasmallpushthatwouldchangethedebris’orbit.ThischangewouldallowthedebristobecaughtbyEarth’sgravity.Spacejunkcanbeverydangerous,andspaceagenciesaroundtheworldaretestingandplanningthecleanup.Butwhyhaven’ttheydoneanythingyet?Onereasonistheexpense.Itwouldtakebetween$4,000and$60,000perkilogramtocatchonepieceofdebrislargerthan10cm.Andaround$300millionisneededtodevelopthelasertechnology.5．What’sthemissionofClearSpace1?A．TomarkEarth’sloworbit. B．Tomonitorspacedebris.C．Tostudytheharmofspacejunk. D．TobringVESPAbacktoEarth.6．Howdolasersworkincleaningupspacedebris?A．Byburningitupinspace. B．Bypushingitintodeeperspace.C．Bymovingittowardsaspacecraft. D．Byredirectingitintotheatmosphere.7．What’sadisadvantageofthecleanupaccordingtothelasttwoparagraphs?A．It’splex. B．It’srisky. C．It’scostly. D．It’schangeable.8．Whatmightbeasuitabletitle?A．EscapingfromCrowdedSpace B．LookingforWaystoCleanupSpaceC．DangerousSpaceDebris D．ExceptionalSpaceExploration三、（2324高二上·湖南·期中練習(xí)）Thespecificculturalvaluesofacountrymaydeterminewhetherconcernaboutenvironmentalissuesactuallyleadsindividualstoengageinenvironmentallyfriendlybehaviors,accordingtoresearchpublishedinPsychologicalScience.KiminEom,apsychologicalscientistoftheUniversityofCalifornia,SantaBarbara,wasinspiredtoinvestigatethelinksbetweenculture,environmentalconcern,andenvironmentalactionafternoticingthatbothpublicdiscussionandacademicresearchonenvironmentalbehaviortypicallyfocusonpeoplefromWesterncountries.ItisworthnoticingbecauseWesterncountriestendtohaveculturalvaluesthatprioritizeindividuals’ownattitudesandbeliefsandencourageexpressionofthem.“Thetheoryseemedtobethatonceindividualsareledtobelieveintheurgencyofenvironmentalissuesandhavestrongerconcernsaboutsustainability(持續(xù)性),theywillchangeandacttoaddresstheissues,”explainsEom.Butthisrelationshipmightnotholdforindividualslivinginmorecollectivistic(集體主義的)societies,whichplacemoreemphasisonsocialharmonyanduniformitythanonselfexpression,Eomandhisteamassumed.Toexaminewhatdrivesenvironmentalactioninindividualisticandcollectivisticcultures,theresearchersconductedastudywithparticipantsfromtheUnitedStates(anindividualisticculture)andJapan(acollectivisticculture).Theyfoundenvironmentalconcernwascloselyconnectedwithenvironmentalbehavior—inthiscase,choosingenvironmentallyfriendlyproducts—butonlyamongAmericanparticipants.Ontheotherhand,believingthatalargepercentageofpeopleengageinenvironmentallyfriendlybehaviorswasassociatedwithmakingecofriendlychoicesamongJapaneseparticipants,butnotAmericanparticipants.Thefindingssuggestthatpersonalconcernsaremorelikelytomotivatepeopletotakeenvironmentalactioniftheyliveinindividualisticcountries,whilesocialnorms(準(zhǔn)則)aremorelikelytodrivepeopletoengageinenvironmentallyfriendlybehavioriftheyliveincollectivisticcountries.“Gettingcitizensactivelyengagediscriticaltoaddressingurgentsocialchallenges,suchasclimatechange,”saysEom.“Ourresearchsuggeststhatscientists,policymakers,andactivistsneedtounderstandhowcultureshapesthepsychologicalfactorsofactiontodeveloppolicies,campaigns,andinterventions(干預(yù))thataddressimportantsocialissues.”9．WhatdoesEomfindaboutpreviousresearchonenvironmentalbehavior?A．Itsstudyparticipantsaretoolimited.B．Itsresultsneedawhiletobeachieved.C．Itprioritizesindividuals’attitudesandbeliefs.D．Itdrawsmuchevidencefrompublicdiscussion.10．UnderwhichconditionwillaJapanesemanmostlikelytakeenvironmentalaction?A．Ifheseesmanyothersdoso.B．Ifheisaffectedbycollectivisticvalues.C．Ifhemovestoanindividualisticcountry.D．Ifheworriesabouttheenvironmentpersonally.11．WhatdoesEomsayabouttheirresearchinthelastparagraph?A．Itfailstotakeparticipants’psychologicalfactorsintoaccount.B．Itencouragesscientistsandpolicymakerstomakejointefforts.C．Ithasafurtherstudydirectiontowardsurgentsocialchallenges.D．Itprovidesinsightsintopromotingpublicengagementinsocialissues.12．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．SocialNormsPlayaPartinAddressingPollutionB．EnvironmentalIssuesOriginatefromNationalCulturesC．MotivatingEcoFriendlyBehaviorsDependsonCulturalValuesD．MoreEnvironmentalConcernsUsuallyMeanMoreGreenAction四、（2324高二上·浙江寧波·月考）Threedimensionalprinting,atechnologythatcreatesobjectslayerbylayer,hasrevolutionized(變革)thewaywemakethings.Recently,agroupofChinesescientiststookthingsastepfurtherbyusingthistechnologytocreaterealisticreplicas(復(fù)制品)ofhumanorgans.Previously,itwaschallengingtocreateasinglematerialthatcouldprintdifferenthumanorgansduetotheirplexity.TheresearchteamfromChineseAcademyofSciencesstartedbyusinghydrogel(水凝),asoftgellikematerialasthemainingredient.Humanorganshavevarioustextures(質(zhì)地),withourbrainsbeingthesoftest.Toreplicatethehardnessofmaterialslikebone,theresearchersaddedmetallicelementstothehydrogelandadjustedtheirratio(比例)tocreatethetextureofeachorgan.Besides,tomakesuretheprintingresultsarecorrect,theteamusedlightcuring(光固化)technologyinthe3Dprintingprocess.Aspeciallampwasplacedundertheprintingmachine,causingthegeltobeesolidrightafteritwasprinted.Accordingtotheteam’spaperpublishedinthejournalAdvancedFunctionalMaterials,theyareabletoproduceorganmodelsincludingthebrain,lungs,andintestines(腸).These3Dprintedorganmodelsareessentialformedicalresearches,suchastestingmedicalequipmentanddemonstratingsurgeries.paredtoliveorgansandanimalmodels,theyarealsoethically(倫理上)acceptablesincetheyareprintedartificially.Theycanhelpresearchersdevelopnewtreatmentsmoreefficiently,duetotheirlowerrelativecost,mentedtheAllianceofAdvancedBiomedicalEngineeringwebsite.However,thismethodisstilldeveloping,andexpertsarehopingitwillbeusedinthemedicalfieldwithinadecade,accordingtoCNN.13．Whatwasthemainchallengeinprintinghumanorgans?A．Theplexityofhumanorgans. B．Thevarioustexturesofhumanorgans.C．Thedifficultyincreatingpropermaterials. D．Thelackofappropriateprintingtechnology.14．Howdidtheresearchteamensuretheaccuracyoftheprintingresults?A．Bycontrollingthenumberofmetallicelements.B．Byusinglightcuringtechnologybeforeprinting.C．Bysolidifyingthegelimmediatelyafterprinting.D．Byputtingaspeciallampontheprintingmachine.15．Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．Thistechnologyisstillintheperiodoftheory.B．3Dprintedorgansareofgreatmedicalsignificance.C．Theprintedorgansaremoreeffectiveinthetreatment.D．Liveorgansandanimalmodelsaremoreacceptableethically.16．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．ThePowerof3DPrinting B．PrintingtheBodyPartsC．RevolutionaryTechnology D．FindingNewMaterialsforOrgans五、（2324高二上·山東青島·階段練習(xí)）NeverhastherebeenaprimateasbigasGigantopithecusblacki.Adultsofthisancientape(猿)stoodabout10feettailandcouldweighmorethan500pounds,wanderingthethickforestsofancientChinaduringthelastIceAge.Whythisimpressiveanimalwentextincthaspuzzledscientistssincetheapewasdiscoverednearlyacenturyago.Butnow,anewanalysissuggeststhattheprimate’suniquelifestyleleftitvulnerableThenewstudybinesgeologicaldates,pollenrecords,andcluespreservedinsidefossilteethtopresentadetailedtimelineofwhen,andhow,Gigantopithecusblackiwentextinct.Theresultsrevealthecreature’sdeclineandultimatedemiseinfinedetailKiraWestaway,leadauthorofthenewstudyandageochronologistatMacquarieUniversityinSydney,workedtoeupwithmoreaccuratedatesforthesediments(沉積物)thatGigantopithecusfossilshavebeenfoundin.StudiesoffossilpollenfromtheGigantopithecussitesalsoallowedresearcherstostudyhowtheanimal’shabitatwaschanging.Priorto700,000yearsago,bothGigantopithecusandPongoweidenreichi,anotherancientape,livedinforestswheretheyateleaves,fruits,andflowersavailablemuchoftheyearround.Duetotheenvironmentalchanges,denseforestsofpines,birchesandchestnutrelativesgavewaytomoreopenhabitatswithlargerpatchesofgrasslandHowever,Gigantopithecushadadifficulttimefindingpreferredfoods.MeanwhilePongoweidenreichichangeditsdiettoliveonfibrousplantsthatweremorereadilyavailable.“ItwastheresponseofG,blackitothesechangesthatsealeditsfate,”Westawaysays.Thegiantapesweresobigthattheyhadtomoveonthegroundandwerelimitedinhowfartheycouldventure,tryingtomakethemostoftwigs,bark,andothertoughfoodsthatwerestillaccessible.Itwasn’tenough.Yetknowingtheendingoftheape’sstoryhardlyclosesthecaseonthegiantprimate.Didthesehugeprimatesfollowthesamepathtoextinction,ordidthestoryvarybylocation?ThisresearchopensnewquestionsevenasitexplainsthedisappearanceofEarth’smosthugeape.17．Whatdoesthenewresearchaimtodo?A．TostudytheclimatechangesofancientChina.B．ToanalyzethegeologicalfeaturesofthelastIceAge.C．TosolvethemysteryoftheGigantopithecusblacki’sextinction.D．TopresentsomedetailedfindingsoftheGigantopithecusblacki’shabitat.18．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“demise”inthethirdparagraphmean?A．Change. B．Removal. C．Adaptation. D．Extinction.19．Whatdoweknowaboutthestudy?A．Thetimingofthegiantape’sdisappearancewasworkedout.B．Anotherapewasincludedtoshowtheirmonhabitat.C．Theenvironmentalshifthadlittleimpactonthegiantape’shabitat.D．Somefossilpollenwerestudiedtorevealthegiantape’sdietpreference.20．WhatcanbesuggestedfromWestaway’swordsaboutthegiantape?A．Thegiantaperespondedtothechangeofitshabitateasily.B．Theinabilitytoadaptquicklycauseditsdisappearance.C．Thegiantapehadsufficientfoodresourcesonthegrassland.D．Theforestedhabitatwasstillaccessibletothegiantape.六、（2324高二上·浙江溫州·期中）TheroadtoaNobelPrize,themostrespectedscientificawardintheworld,isgrowingeverlonger,withalmosthalfofwinnersnowwaitingmorethan20yearsfrommakingaNobelworthydiscoverytoreceivingtheprize.Oneanalysisshowsthattheaveragetimebetweenp