動(dòng)詞不定式

10/10/該課件由【語文公社】友情提供第1頁1．不定式形式：（以動(dòng)詞do為例）

主動(dòng)被動(dòng)普通式todotobedone進(jìn)行式tobedoing完成式tohavedonetohavebeendone否定式：not+todo10/10/該課件由【語文公社】友情提供第2頁

ToteachEnglishismyjob.Weplantopayavisit.

Heseemstoknowalot.

Themeetingtobeheldtomorrowisputoff.

Theteacherorderedtheworktobedone.

Tocatchthefirstbus,hegotupearly.

（1）普通式：所表示動(dòng)作與謂語動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生或發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作之后

10/10/該課件由【語文公社】友情提供第3頁Theboypretendedtobeworkinghard.

Heseemstobereadinginhisroom.(2)進(jìn)行式：所表示動(dòng)作與謂語動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，（3）完成式：表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作之前Iregrettedtohavetoldalie.Ihappenedtohaveseenthefilm.Heispleasedtohavemethisfriend.10/10/該課件由【語文公社】友情提供第4頁Tofinishtheworkintenminutesisveryhard.Toloseyourheartmeansfailure.（1）作主語動(dòng)詞不定式短語作主語時(shí)，慣用it作形式主語，比如上面兩句可用以下形式：

Itisveryhardtofinishtheworkintenminutes.

Itmeansfailuretoloseyourheart.10/10/該課件由【語文公社】友情提供第5頁Herjobistocleanthehall.Heappearstohavecaughtacold.（2）作表語作表語不定式帶to與不帶to。作表語不定式通常帶to，當(dāng)主語部分含有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞do，不定式作表語可省to。TheonlythingIcandois(to)wait.10/10/該課件由【語文公社】友情提供第6頁假如不定式（賓語）后面有賓語補(bǔ)足語，則用it作形式賓語，真正賓語（不定式）后置，放在賓語補(bǔ)足語后面MarxfounditimportanttostudythesituationinRussia.（3）作賓語：常與不定式做賓語連用動(dòng)詞有：agree,ask,beg,choose,expect,fail,help,hope,learnmanage,offer,plan,pretend,promise,prefer,refuse,want,wish

10/10/該課件由【語文公社】友情提供第7頁Ihavenochoicebuttostayhere.HedidnothinglastSundaybutrepairhisbike.Thereisnothingtodobutwait.動(dòng)詞不定式也可充當(dāng)介詞賓語動(dòng)詞不定式與疑問詞連用作賓語HegaveussomeadviceonhowtolearnEnglish.find,feel,consider,think,make+it+adj./n+todoIfinditpossibletoaskthequestion10/10/該課件由【語文公社】友情提供第8頁（4）作賓語補(bǔ)足語：want,wish,ask,tell,order,beg,permit,help,advise,persuade,allow,prepare,cause,force,callon,waitfor,invite.

10/10/該課件由【語文公社】友情提供第9頁Isawhimcrosstheroad.Hewasseentocrosstheroad.有些動(dòng)詞如make,let,have,see,find,watch,observe,notice,listento,hear,feel與不帶to不定式連用，但改為被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，不定式要加togetsth/sb.todoHegotthecartostart.10/10/該課件由【語文公社】友情提供第10頁（5）作定語：動(dòng)詞不定式作定語，與所修飾名詞有以下關(guān)系：Ihaveameetingtoattend.①動(dòng)賓關(guān)系：不定式為不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，應(yīng)用介詞Hefoundagoodhousetolivein.Thechildhasnothingtoworryabout.10/10/該課件由【語文公社】友情提供第11頁Haveyougotanythingtosend?“Haveyougotanythingtobesent?”saidthesecretary.假如句子主語是不定式執(zhí)行者，不定式用主動(dòng)。假如句子主語不是不定式執(zhí)行者，不定式用被動(dòng)。10/10/該課件由【語文公社】友情提供第12頁Wehavemadeaplantofinishthework.②說明所修飾名詞內(nèi)容：Heisthefirsttogethere.③被修飾名詞是不定式邏輯主語：10/10/該課件由【語文公社】友情提供第13頁Heworkeddayandnighttogetthemoney.Shesoldherhairtobuythewatchchain.（6）作狀語：①表目：Hearrivedlatetofindthetraingone.②表結(jié)果：Ivisitedhimonlytofindhimout.10/10/該課件由【語文公社】友情提供第14頁It'stoodarkforustoseeanything.Thequestionissimpleforhimtoanswer.④表程度：Totellyouthetruth,Idon'tlikethewayhetalked.（7）作獨(dú)立成份：10/10/該課件由【語文公社】友情提供第15頁remembertodo/doingforgetto/doingregrettodo/doingmeantodo/doingtrytodo/doingstoptodo/doing10/10/該課件由【語文公社】友情提供第16頁10/10/該課件由【語文公社】友情提供第17頁1Doyouknowwhen_____(go)tothefarm.2Pleaseremember_______(lock)thedoorwhenyouleavetheroom.3Pleasedon’tforget______(ask)MrJohnsontocometomorrowparty.4It’sgood_______(help)otherswhentheyareintrouble.5Iwant_______(start)workatonce.Themandownstairstoldthemanupstairsnot_______(drop)hisshoesontotheflooratmidnightanymore.togotolocktoasktohelptostarttodrop10/10/該課件由【語文公社】友情提供第18頁1Youmustbehungry.I’llgetsomething______(eat)2UncleWangtoldthemhow_______(make)aplanewithwoodandmetal.3Thequestionishow______(get)tothetopofthemountainquickly.4Shedidn’tknowwhat______(say)atthemeetingthedaybeforeyesterday.5”Stop_______(talk),please.Thefilmhasbegun.”6Canyoutellmewhenyoucanfinish_______(read)thesebooks.7Idon’tknowwhethersheenjoys_______(wear)sunglasses.8No________(smoke),please!toeattomaketogettosaytalkingreadingwearingsmoking10/10/該課件由【語文公社】友情提供第19頁1Didyouhearher_______(sing)inthenextroomlastlight.2Keep______(try).Youaresuretogetagoodresult.3Afridgeisusefulfor_______(keep)vegetablesandfoodcool.4Heleftangrilywithout______(say)aword5Hedoesn’tlike_______(dance)atall.singingtryingkeepingsayingdancing10/10/該課件由【語文公社】友情提供第20頁10/10/該課件由【語文公社】友情提供第21頁作用例句作賓語Shewantedtoborrowmyradio.Theybegantoreadandwrite.作狀語ShewenttoseehergrandmalastSunday.Hecametogiveusatalkyesterday.作賓語補(bǔ)足語Lucyaskedhimtoturndowntheradio.Sheaskedmetospeakmoreloudly.JimtoldLingFengtogivehisbestwisheseverybody作定語Haveyougotanythingtosay?Ihadsomethingtoeatthismorning.作主語Tolearnaforeignlanguageisnoteasy.Toplayinthestreetisdangerous.10/10/該課件由【語文公社】友情提供第22頁注:1主語不定式慣用it帶代替，不定式放在后面。例：Itisnoteasytolearnaforeignlanguage.Itisdangeroustoplayinthestreet.2不定式否定。not+不定式例：Tellhimnottobelate.Thepolicemantoldtheboysnottoplay