2021-2022學年貴州省“三新”改革聯盟校高一下學期聯考試題(四)英語試題第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AJoinRainbowTours’neweco-friendlytravellinginRwandaandUganda,whichtakesyoubehindthescenesinareaswheresuccessfulprotectionprojectsareongoing.From￡8,055perpersonfor15nights,includingflights.rainbowtours.co.ukSustainableactiveholidayexpertMuchBetterAdventureshascomeupwithanewrouteinJordan,whichincludesanightinatentinWadiRum.OtherhighlightsincludeanexplorationintheDeadSeaandahikethroughtheDanaBiosphereReserve.LaunchesMarch2022.From￡975perpersonforfivenights.SinkyourteethintoaGreenTripinaLandRoverDefender,eatingfoodcookedoveranopenfireandsleepinginatentinNorfolk.Wildnis,anewclimate-positiveadventurecompany,offersanaction-packedbreakfeaturingsailing,raftingandseaswimming.From￡2,500perpersonforthreenights.wildnis.co.ukHeadintotheHighlandswithnewScottishwildlife-watchingcompanyWildDiscovery.TheoperatorhasintroducedE-guideservicesavailableforvisitors.E-bikeSafariAdventureWeekendsfrom￡499perpersonfortwonights.1.Whatfeaturedoalloftheaboveplaceshaveincommon?A.Sleepinginatent. B.ProvidingE-guide.C.Beingeco-friendly. D.Exploringthesea.2.Ifyouareawildlifeloverwithabusyworkschedule,whichcompanywouldyouchoose?A.RainbowTours. B.MuchBetterAdventures. C.Wildnis. D.WildDiscovery.3.Whatcanthisarticlebetakenfrom?A.Atravelbrochure. B.Asciencemagazine.C.Ananimalposter. D.Abiologybook.【答案】1.C2.D3.A【解析】【導語】這是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了四個旅游項目的情況以及價格。【1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據第一段中“JoinRainbowTours’neweco-friendlytravellinginRwandaandUganda,whichtakesyoubehindthescenesinareaswheresuccessfulprotectionprojectsareongoing.(加入“彩虹之旅”在盧旺達和烏干達新推出的環(huán)保之旅，帶你了解正在進行成功保護項目的地區(qū)的幕后情況)”；第二段中“SustainableactiveholidayexpertMuchBetterAdventureshascomeupwithanewrouteinJordan,whichincludesanightinatentinWadiRum.(可持續(xù)活動度假專家“更好的冒險”在約旦提出了一條新路線，其中包括在瓦迪拉姆的帳篷里過夜)”；第三段中“SinkyourteethintoaGreenTripinaLandRoverDefender,eatingfoodcookedoveranopenfireandsleepinginatentinNorfolk.Wildnis,anewclimate-positiveadventurecompany,offersanaction-packedbreakfeaturingsailing,raftingandseaswimming.(在諾福克，開著路虎衛(wèi)士的綠色之旅，吃著明火上煮的食物，睡在帳篷里。Wildnis是一家新成立的氣候積極型探險公司，提供驚險刺激的休閑活動，包括帆船、漂流和海上游泳)”以及最后一段中“HeadintotheHighlandswithnewScottishwildlife-watchingcompanyWildDiscovery.TheoperatorhasintroducedE-guideservicesavailableforvisitors.(跟隨新成立的蘇格蘭野生動物觀察公司“野生發(fā)現”前往蘇格蘭高地。該運營商已為游客推出電子導游服務)”可知，四個地點的共同點在于很環(huán)保。故選C?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據最后一段“HeadintotheHighlandswithnewScottishwildlife-watchingcompanyWildDiscovery.TheoperatorhasintroducedE-guideservicesavailableforvisitors.E-bikeSafariAdventureWeekendsfrom￡499perpersonfortwonights.(跟隨新成立的蘇格蘭野生動物觀察公司“野生發(fā)現”前往蘇格蘭高地。該運營商已為游客推出電子導游服務。電動自行車狩獵探險周末兩晚每人499英鎊起)”可知，如果你是一個野生動物愛好者，工作繁忙，你會選擇WildDiscovery。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據文章主要介紹了四個旅游項目的情況以及價格?？赏浦?，文章選自旅行冊子。故選A。BMariaandherparentsmovedtotheUSfromBraziloneyearbeforethepandemic(流行病).Bettereducationopportunitieslayahead,andtheywereexcitedtogetMariaintoanAmericanhighschooltoprepareforcollege.Eachparentgotajob,andMariastartedstudying.Shealsosignedupforaserviceclubbecauseshewantedtomeetpeople,practiceherEnglishandbeapartofthecommunity.“Ilovetoserve,”Mariasays.“Ithinkitismythank-youfortheopportunitiesIhave.”Sheworkedatthelocalfoodbankwithotherkidsofherage,organizingbagsforfamilieswhowerehavingahardtimemakingendsmeet.Butwhenthepandemichit,shefoundherselfatthefoodbankforanotherreason:tobringhomegroceriestoherparents.“Wewereallshockedwhenmymotherlostherjob.Myfriendsatthefoodbankgotmethroughit,”Mariasaid.Luckily,herfatherkepthisjob.Andwithclassesmovingonline,Mariawasabletosecureafull-timejobanddoherclassworkatnight.Threeofhercourseswerecollegeprepclassesthatdemandedalotofwork.Duringhersenioryear,Mariaworked40-hourweeksandstudiedevenmore.Yet,inhersparetime,shepackedfoodbagsforothersbeforetakinghershome.Justbeforegraduation,Mariacameintothefoodbank.Oneofthevolunteersstartedgettingabagreadyforher.“Idon’tneedonetoday,”Mariasaid.“Mymothergotajob.I’mheretohelp.”Mariasupportedherfamilyforeightmonths.Shegraduatedontimeandgotscholarshipoffersfromthreedifferentcolleges.Shemovedtopart-timeworkandhascompletedherfirstsemesterofcollege.4.Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytellus?A.WhenMariadecidedtogototheUS. B.HowMariamanagedtogetajob.C.WhyMariajoinedtheserviceclub. D.WhatMariadidtohelpherfamily.5.WhatallowedMariatoworkfulltimeduringthepandemic?A.Leavingthefoodbank. B.Thehelpfromherfriends.C.Takingcoursesonline. D.Thesupportfromherparents.6.Whatcaninferfromthelastparagraph?A.Maria’sgreateffortspaidoff. B.Mariadoesverywellincollege.C.Marialikesdoingpart-timejobs. D.Maria’sfamilygaveherlotsofhelp.7.WhatgoodqualitiesdoesMariahave?A.Loyalandreliable. B.Diligentanddedicated.C.Ambitiousandcreative. D.Justandknowledgeable.【答案】4.C5.C6.A7.B【解析】【導語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了主人公瑪麗亞憑借自己的努力，在流行病期間完成學業(yè)，并盡自己的努力去幫助別人?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據第二段關鍵句“Shealsosignedupforaserviceclubbecauseshewantedtomeetpeople,practiceherEnglishandbeapartofthecommunity.“Ilovetoserve,”Mariasays.“Ithinkitismythank-youfortheopportunitiesIhave.””（她還報名參加了一個服務俱樂部，因為她想認識一些人，練習英語，成為社區(qū)的一部分?！拔蚁矚g服務，”瑪麗亞說?！拔蚁脒@是我對我所擁有的機會的感謝?！保┛芍?，第二段主要告訴我們的是瑪麗亞加入服務俱樂部的原因——因為她想認識一些人，練習英語，成為社區(qū)的一部分。故選C項。【5題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據第四段關鍵句“Andwithclassesmovingonline,Mariawasabletosecureafull-timejobanddoherclassworkatnight.”（因為課程在網上進行，瑪麗亞能夠獲得一份全職工作，并在晚上做課堂作業(yè)。）可知，因為課程在網上進行，所以瑪麗亞能夠獲得一份全職工作。在流行病期間，因為在線上課，所以瑪麗亞能夠全職工作。故選C項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據最后一段關鍵句“Shegraduatedontimeandgotscholarshipoffersfromthreedifferentcolleges.”（她按時畢業(yè)，并獲得了三所不同大學的獎學金。）可知，瑪麗亞對學習付出的努力得到了回報，她按時畢業(yè)，并獲得了三所不同大學的獎學金。從最后一段中我們可以推斷出瑪麗亞的努力得到了回報。故選A項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第四段關鍵句“Duringhersenioryear,Mariaworked40-hourweeksandstudiedevenmore.”（高三時，瑪麗亞每周工作40小時，學習時間更長。）可知，瑪麗亞是一個勤奮的人，無論是對待工作還是學習，根據第二段關鍵句“Shealsosignedupforaserviceclubbecauseshewantedtomeetpeople,practiceherEnglishandbeapartofthecommunity.”（她還報名參加了一個服務俱樂部，因為她想認識一些人，練習英語，成為社區(qū)的一部分。）和倒數第二段關鍵句“Justbeforegraduation,Mariacameintothefoodbank.”（就在畢業(yè)前，瑪麗亞進入了食品賑濟處。）可知，瑪麗亞報名參加了一個服務俱樂部，并加入了食品賑濟處，由此可知，她愿意幫助別人，是一個有獻身精神的人。由此可知，瑪麗亞的優(yōu)秀品質包括勤奮和有獻身精神。故選B項。CThenumberofweather-relateddisastershasincreasedbyfivetimesoverthepast50years,thelatestreportbytheWorldMeteorological(氣象)Organization(WMO)saidonSeptember.However,thankstoimprovedearlywarningsystemsanddisastermanagement,thenumberofdeathfromthesehazardshasbeenalmostthreetimesless.AccordingtotheWMO,from1970to2019,weather,climateandwaterhazardsaccountedfor50percentofalldisasters.Amongthetop10hazardsthatledtothelargestlossofhumanlifeduringthisperiodweredroughts,storms,floodsandextremetemperatures.However,deathsfellfromover50,000inthe1970stolessthan20,000inthe2010s.“Weather,climateandwaterextremesareincreasingandwillbecomemorefrequentandsevereinmanypartsoftheworldasaresultofclimatechange,”saysWMOSecretary-GeneralPetteriTaalas.“Thatmeansmoreheatwaves,droughtandforestfiressuchasthosewehaveobservedrecentlyinEuropeandNorthAmerica.Wehavemorewatervaporintheatmosphere,whichisworseningextremerainfallanddeadlyflooding.Thewarmingoftheoceanshasaffectedthefrequencyandareaofexistenceofthemostintensetropicalstorms.”“Economiclossesareincreasingasexposureincreases.Butbehindthestatisticsliesamessageofhope.Improvedmulti-hazardearlywarningsystemshaveledtoasignificantreductionindeaths.Quitesimply,wearebetterthaneverbeforeatsavinglives,”Taalassaid.8.Whatdoweknowfromthefirstparagraph?A.Disastersconnectedwithweatherhavegoneup.B.Thenumberofweather-relateddisastershasdecreased.C.Thenumberofdeathsfromhazardshasbeenincreasing.D.Earlywarningsystemshavemadedisastersdeclinemuch.9.WhatwillhappenaccordingtoPetteriTaalas?A.Therewillbemoreextremeweather.B.Extremerainfallwillnolongerexist.C.Watervaporintheatmospherewillgodown.D.Humanswilldefeatextremeweatherintheend.10.Whatishopefulbehindthebadnews?A.Improvedwarningsystemswillsaveeconomiclosses.B.Economiclossesaregoingdownasexposureincreases.C.Moreliveswillbesavedthankstoearlywarningsystems.D.Improvedearlywarningsystemswillcontrolextremeweather11.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hazards”inparagraph1probablymean?A.Somethingpolluted.B.Somethingreported.C.Somethingdangerous.D.Somethingsafe.【答案】8.A9.A10.C11.C【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了，極端天氣和與此相關的災難會越來越多，但是人類可以通過早期預警系統(tǒng)拯救更多的生命?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。由第一段中的“Thenumberofweather-relateddisastershasincreasedbyfivetimesoverthepast50years,thelatestreportbytheWorldMeteorological(氣象)Organization(WMO)saidonSeptember.(世界氣象組織（WMO）9月發(fā)布的最新報告稱，過去50年中，與天氣相關的災害數量增加了五倍)”可知，與天氣有關的災害不斷增加。故選A項。【9題詳解】推理判斷題。由第三段PetteriTaalas的話“Weather,climateandwaterextremesareincreasingandwillbecomemorefrequentandsevereinmanypartsoftheworldasaresultofclimatechange(由于氣候變化，極端天氣、氣候和水資源稀缺正在增加，并將在世界許多地區(qū)變得更加頻繁和嚴重)”可知，PetteriTaalas認為未來世界許多地區(qū)將會有更多的極端天氣。故選A項?！?0題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。由最后一段中的“Economiclossesareincreasingasexposureincreases.Butbehindthestatisticsliesamessageofhope.Improvedmulti-hazardearlywarningsystemshaveledtoasignificantreductionindeaths.(經濟損失隨著風險敞口的增加而增加。但在統(tǒng)計數據背后隱藏著一個希望的信息。改進的多災害預警系統(tǒng)已導致死亡人數顯著減少)”可知，壞消息背后的希望是：早期預警系統(tǒng)將挽救更多的生命。故選C項。11題詳解】詞句猜測題。由第一段“Thenumberofweather-relateddisastershasincreasedbyfivetimesoverthepast50years,thelatestreportbytheWorldMeteorological(氣象)Organization(WMO)saidonSeptember.However,thankstoimprovedearlywarningsystemsanddisastermanagement,thenumberofdeathfromthesehazardshasbeenalmostthreetimesless.(世界氣象組織（WMO）9月發(fā)布的最新報告稱，過去50年中，與天氣相關的災害數量增加了五倍。然而，由于改進了預警系統(tǒng)和災害管理，死于這些hazards的人數幾乎減少了三倍)”可知，此處指死于自然災害的人的數量，hazards在此處意為“Somethingdangerous(危險的東西)”。故選C項。DAndroidphoneswillbeusedtosenseearthquakesaroundtheworldandmayonedaybeabletoprovideglobalwarnings,withthefirstmassalertsystemcomingintouseonAugust11inCalifornia,Googleannounced.Google,whichhelpeddevelopAndroid,workedwithCaliforniaandtheUSGeologicalSurveytobuildthequakealertsintoallphonesthatrunthecommonmobileoperatingsystem.Androiduserswhohaveenabledlocationservicesandarenearaquakeofmagnitude4.5orgreaterwillreceiveafull-screenearthquakewarmingtellingthemtodroptothefloorandseekcover.Thescreenalsowillprovideestimatesofthequake'smagnitudeanddistancefromtheuser.Dependingontheirdistancefromaquake,peoplecouldgetseveralsecondsorperhapsaminuteofwarning.Userswon'tneedtodownloadCalifornia'sMyShakeappinordertoreceivethealerts.Thatapplication,developedbytheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeleyandlaunchedlastyear,hasbeendownloadedbyonlyabout1millionofCalifornia's40millionresidents.Bycontrast,manymillionsofpeopleownAndroidphones.“ThisannouncementmeansthatCalifornia'sworld-classearthquakeearlywarningsystemwillbeastandardfunctiononeveryAndroidphone—givingmillionsprecioussecondstodrop,coverandholdonwhenthebigonehits,”Gov.GavinNewsomsaidinastatement.IPhoneuserswon'treceivethealertsthroughApple'soperatingsystem,buttheycandownloadtheMyShakeapp.Also,GoogleannouncedthatAndroidphoneswouldbegindetectingearthquakesfromaroundtheworldthroughtheirmotion-sensingaccelerometers.“YourAndroidphonecanbeamini-seismometer(地震儀),joiningmillionsofotherAndroidphonesouttheretoformtheworld’slargestearthquakedetectionnetwork,”accordingtoaGoogleblogpost.Morethan2billiondevicesruntheAndroidoperatingsystem.Hundredsofmillionsofpeopleliveinearthquake-proneareas.Butmanycountrieslacktheresourcestobuilddetectionandalertsystems,Googlesaid.TheinformationwillbeusedatfirsttoprovidefastandaccurateinformationonGoogleSearch.ButGooglesaiditcouldbeginsendingoutearthquakealertsnextyear.12.IfanearthquakehitstheUS,whowon'treceivetheearthquakewarning?A.Androiduserswhohaven'tdownloadedtheMyShakeapp.B.IPhoneuserswhohavedownloadedtheMyShakeapp.C.IPhoneuserswhohaven'tdownloadedtheMyShakeapp.D.AndroiduserswhohavedownloadedtheMyShakeapp.13.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.MillionsofpeoplehavedownloadedtheMyShakeapp.B.Theearthquakeearlywarningsystemwillbeofgreathelp.C.Googlehasalreadysentoutearthquakealertssincelastyear.D.Over2billiondevicesruntheAppleoperatingsystem.14.WhatwillglobalizeGoogle'searthquakedetectionnetwork?A.NewtechnologydevelopedbyGoogle.B.ThelargenumberofAndroidphoneusers.C.Motion-sensingaccelerometers.D.ThenewlydevelopedMyShakeapp.15.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?A.ToshareanewMyShakeapp.B.TopromoteAndroidphones.C.TomakeGoogleknowntotheworld.D.TointroduceanewfunctionofAndroidphones.【答案】12.C13.B14.B15.D【解析】【導讀】本文是一篇新聞報道。你有沒有想過自己手機有一天會變成地震儀？安卓手機用戶不必安裝任何APP，就能在地震來臨時收到警報。目前這一地震警報系統(tǒng)只覆蓋了美國加州，但谷歌表示這一系統(tǒng)有望給全球發(fā)出地震警報?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據第三段的“Userswon'tneedtodownloadCalifornia'sMyShakeappinordertoreceivethealerts.(用戶無需下載加州的MyShake應用就能收到警報。)”，第四段的“ThisannouncementmeansthatCalifornia’sworld-classearthquakeearlywarningsystemwillbeastandardfunctiononeveryAndroidphone—givingmillionsprecioussecondstodrop,coverandholdonwhenthebigonehits(這一公告意味著加州的世界級地震預警系統(tǒng)將是每個安卓手機的一個標準功能——給數百萬人爭取寶貴的時間在地震來襲時伏地，找遮擋，并堅持到底。)”以及“IPhoneuserswon'treceivethealertsthroughApple'soperatingsystem,buttheycandownloadtheMyShakeapp.(蘋果手機用戶不會通過蘋果操作系統(tǒng)收到警報，但他們可以下載MyShake應用程序。)”可知，沒有下載MyShake的蘋果用戶接收不到地震警報。故選C。【13題詳解】推理判斷題。根據最后一段的“Morethan2billiondevicesruntheAndroidoperatingsystem.Hundredsofmillionsofpeopleliveinearthquake-proneareas.Butmanycountrieslacktheresourcestobuilddetectionandalertsystems,Googlesaid.TheinformationwillbeusedatfirsttoprovidefastandaccurateinformationonGoogleSearch.ButGooglesaiditcouldbeginsendingoutearthquakealertsnextyear.(超20億手機用戶使用安卓操作系統(tǒng)。數以億計的人生活在地震多發(fā)地區(qū)。但許多國家沒有足夠的資源來建立監(jiān)測和警報系統(tǒng)，谷歌稱。這些信息將首先被用來在谷歌搜索中提供快速準確的信息，但谷歌表示明年可能開始發(fā)送地震警報。)”可知，這個地震的早期預警系統(tǒng)將會有很大用處。故選B。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第三段的“Thatapplication,developedbytheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeleyandlaunchedlastyear,hasbeendownloadedbyonlyabout1millionofCalifornia's40millionresidents.Bycontrast,manymillionsofpeopleownAndroidphones.(加州大學伯克利分校研發(fā)并于去年推出的這款應用只有大約100萬加州居民下載過,而加州人口共有4000萬。相比之下，擁有安卓手機的人達數百萬。)”可知，大量的安卓手機用戶將使谷歌的地震探測網絡全球化。故選B?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文結合文章第一段“Androidphoneswillbeusedtosenseearthquakesaroundtheworldandmayonedaybeabletoprovideglobalwarnings,withthefirstmassalertsystemcomingintouseonAugust11inCalifornia,Googleannounced.(谷歌宣布，安卓手機將能用來感知世界各地的地震，也許有一天還能給全球發(fā)出地震警報，首個大眾警報系統(tǒng)于8月11日在美國加州上線。)”可知，文章主要介紹了安卓手機將被用于探測世界各地的地震，并可能有朝一日能夠提供全球警報。因此推斷作者的目的是介紹一種安卓手機的新功能。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。FiveWaystoMakePeopleLikeYou●BeagoodlistenerEncourageotherstotalkaboutthemselves.Theeasiestwaytobecomeagoodconversationalist（健談的人）istobecomeagoodlistener.Tobeagoodlistener，wemustactuallycareaboutwhatpeoplehavetosay.___16___.Instead，theyjustwantsomeonewhowilllistentothem.●Smile___17___.Smilesarefreetogiveandhaveanamazingabilitytomakeothersfeelwonderful.Smileineverythingthatyoudo.●Rememberaperson'snameToanyperson，his/hernameisthesweetestandmostimportantsoundinanylanguage.___18___Peoplelovetheirnamessomuchthattheywilloftendonatelargeamountsofmoneyjusttohaveabuildingnamedafterthem.Wecanmakepeoplefeelextremelyvaluedandimportantbyrememberingtheirnames.●___19___Youcanmakemorefriendsintwomonthsbygivingattentiontothemthanbymakingthemcuriousaboutyouintwoyears.Theonlywaytomakequality，lastingfriendshipsistolearntobegenuinelyinterestedinthemandtheirinterests.●MaketheotherpersonfeelimportantanddoitsincerelyThegoldenruleistotreatotherpeoplehowwewouldliketobetreated.___20___Peoplewilltalktousforhoursifweallowthemtotalkaboutthemselves.Ifwecanmakepeoplefeelimportantinasincereandappreciativeway，thenwewillwinallthefriendswecouldeverdreamof.A.BecomegenuinelyinterestedinotherpeopleB.ShareyourinterestswithotherpeoplearoundyouC.WelovetofeelimportantandsodoeseveryoneelseD.Manytimespeopledon'twantanentertainingconversationpartnerE.YoushouldmakeotherpeoplefeelconfidentwheneverandwhereverpossibleF.Happinessdoesnotdependonoutsidecircumstances，butratheroninwardattitudesG.Theaveragepeoplearemoreinterestedintheirownnamesthaninalltheothernames【答案】16.D17.E18.G19.A20.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，詳細介紹了讓別人喜歡上我們的五條建議?！?6題詳解】本段的主題是“Beagoodlistener”，建議我們做一個聽眾。橫線后一句“Instead，theyjustwantsomeonewhowilllistentothem.”告訴我們有時候我們只是需要一個聽眾而已。D項中的“don'twantanentertainingconversationpartner”與后句語意一致，故選擇D項?！?7題詳解】本段的主題是“Smile”，建議我們在與他人相處的時候要面對微笑。在與人交往的時候，我們要讓別人感覺很舒服，而微笑會讓別人感覺很棒。E項內容與上下文語意一致。故選擇E項?！?8題詳解】本段的主題是“Rememberaperson'sname”，建議我們要記住他人的名字。本段第一句告訴我們對于我們來說，名字是最重要的標志。人們對自己的名字是非常感興趣的，所以要想讓別人喜歡我們，一定要迅速記住別人的名字。故G項正確?！?9題詳解】本段最后一句“Theonlywaytomakequality，lastingfriendshipsistolearntobegenuinelyinterestedinthemandtheirinterests.”告訴我們取得高品質持久的友誼的唯一方法是真正關注別人和別人的興趣。A項與本段中心思想一致，故選擇A項?！?0題詳解】本段的中心思想是“Maketheotherpersonfeelimportantanddoitsincerely”，建議我們要讓別人感覺自己很重要。本段第一句“Thegoldenruleistotreatotherpeoplehowwewouldliketobetreated.”告訴我們都喜歡像別人對待我們的那樣對待他人。所以人人都喜歡自己被別人重視。C項“Welovetofeelimportantandsodoeseveryoneelse”意為“我們都喜歡感覺自己很重要，其他人也一樣”，與上下文語境一致。故C項正確?！军c睛】在完成七選五閱讀時候，我們可以從表示轉折關系的細節(jié)邏輯上判斷，以本文小題1為例，本題的關鍵詞是副詞“instead”。橫線后一句“Instead，theyjustwantsomeonewhowilllistentothem.”告訴我們有時候我們只是需要一個聽眾，并不需要談話的對象多么令人愉悅。所以選擇D項。轉折關系主要指英語行文中后句對前句構成逆轉邏輯關系。如果空格前后兩句話之間是邏輯上的逆轉，則空格處很有可能是個轉折邏輯的句子。表示轉折關系的連接詞有：however然而,nevertheless仍然，然而，不過,nonetheless盡管如此，依然，然而,still還；然而,though可是，不過，然而,yet然而,inspiteof不顧，不管,atanyrate無論如何，至少,inanycase無論如何，不管怎樣,whoever無論是誰,whatever無論什么，onthecontrary正相反,incontrast與此相反,相比之下,bycontrast相反,相比之下,incomparison比較起來，比較地,bycomparison相比之下,conversely相反(地),otherwise否則；除此以外，not---but不是-----而是，aswell也等。第三部分語言知識運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。WoodyDavishadalwaysbeengenerousandkind.Heneverearnedmuchmoney,butalways____21____toeverybodyandaidedothers.Folksintownare____22____forthegooddeedshe’sdoneoverthelast50years.Lastyear,theydecidedtotryandreturnsomeofthat____23____.Theystartedbycuttinghisfirewoodforwinter.Acoupleofguys____24____hisoldandbrokentruck.Woody’sson,ClintDavis,saidhedidn’tknowhowmuchthecommunity____25____hisfatheruntilnow.Hesaidalltheworkhisdaddidforpeoplehasbeen____26____tentimesandthatanyonecan’tbuythe____27____thatpeoplehavepouredoutforhisdad.Unfortunately,Woody’sdayswere____28____.Aboutayearago,WoodycontractedALS(肌萎縮側索硬化癥).WhenCBSNews____29____himinJanuary,hishealthwasdecliningrapidly.Hewasalready____30____toliftandtalk,buthisspiritwascompletely____31____.Woodytoldthereporterthathecouldhardly____32____allthehelpofferedbylocalpeople.“IfeelluckythatIamdyingslowly,”Woodysaid.Hiswordsseemed____33____.Woodyexplainedthathewasglad____34____hegottoseehowpeoplefeltabouthimandwhathe____35____meanttothembeforehedied.21.A.waved B.pointed C.apologized D.appealed22.A.eager B.ready C.grateful D.concerned23.A.mercy B.goodwill C.choice D.reward24.A.fixedup B.turnedin C.tookapart D.pulledover25.A.madeout B.stoodby C.tookin D.caredabout26.A.repeated B.understood C.repaid D.accomplished27.A.love B.hope C.memory D.expectation28.A.concluded B.lengthened C.treasured D.numbered29.A.recognized B.interviewed C.consulted D.comforted30.A.preparing B.attempting C.struggling D.managing31.A.unreasonable B.unmoved C.untouched D.unstable32.A.suspect B.accept C.appreciate D.believe33.A.strange B.powerful C.simple D.awkward34.A.though B.because C.once D.unless35.A.fortunately B.gently C.normally D.actually【答案】21.A22.C23.B24.A25.D26.C27.A28.D29.B30.C31.C32.D33.A34.B35.D【解析】【導語】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了善良的伍迪·戴維斯被社區(qū)的人們所愛戴，人們盡自己所能幫助他。雖然一年前，伍迪得了肌萎縮側索硬化癥，但他很高興能在死前看到人們對他的感覺，以及他對他們真正的意義?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他從來沒有掙過多少錢，但總是向每個人招手，幫助別人。A.waved揮動；B.pointed指出；C.apologized道歉；D.appealed吸引。根據后文“everybodyandaidedothers”可知伍迪總是在幫助別人，和別人揮手打招呼。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：鎮(zhèn)上的人都很感激他在過去50年里做的好事。A.eager渴望的；B.ready準備好的；C.grateful感激的；D.concerned關心的。根據后文“forthegooddeedshe’sdoneoverthelast50years”指感激他做的好事，應用grateful。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：去年，他們決定嘗試回報一些善意。A.mercy仁慈；B.goodwill好意；C.choice選擇；D.reward獎勵。呼應上文“thegooddeedshe’sdone”指回報伍迪的善意。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：幾個人修理了他那輛又舊又壞的卡車。A.fixedup修理；B.turnedin上交；C.tookapart拆開；D.pulledover靠邊停車。根據后文“hisoldandbrokentruck”指修理舊卡車應用fixup。故選A?！?5題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：伍迪的兒子克林特·戴維斯說，直到現在他才知道社區(qū)有多關心他的父親。A.madeout理解；B.stoodby支持；C.tookin理解；D.caredabout關心。根據上文“Theystartedbycuttinghisfirewoodforwinter.Acoupleofguys”可知，社區(qū)的人自發(fā)回報伍迪，可見很關心他。故選D?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他說，他父親為人們所做的一切都得到了十倍的回報，任何人都無法買到人們對他父親傾注的愛。A.repeated重復；B.understood理解；C.repaid償還；D.accomplished完成。呼應上文“returnsomeof”指他父親做的一些得到了回報。故選C?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他說，他父親為人們所做的一切都得到了十倍的回報，任何人都無法買到人們對他父親傾注的愛。A.love愛；B.hope希望；C.memory記憶；D.expectation期待。根據后文“thatpeoplehavepouredoutforhisdad”以及上文社區(qū)的人為伍迪做的事情，可見人們對伍迪傾注了愛意。故選A?！?8題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：不幸的是，伍迪的日子屈指可數了。A.concluded下結論；B.lengthened延長；C.treasured珍視；D.numbered計數。根據后文“Aboutayearago,WoodycontractedALS.”可知伍迪換了肌萎縮側索硬化癥，所以日子屈指可數了。故選D?！?9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：今年1月CBS新聞采訪他時，他的健康狀況迅速惡化。A.recognized識別；B.interviewed采訪；C.consulted咨詢；D.comforted安慰。根據上文“CBSNews”指CBS新聞采訪伍迪。故選B。【30題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他掙扎著起來說話，但他的精神卻絲毫未受影響。A.preparing準備；B.attempting嘗試；C.struggling努力，掙扎；D.managing管理。結合上文“hishealthwasdecliningrapidly”可知健康狀況惡化，只能掙扎著起來說話了，故選C?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他掙扎著起來說話，但他的精神卻絲毫未受影響。A.unreasonable不合理的；B.unmoved無動于衷的；C.untouched未受影響的；D.unstable不穩(wěn)定的。根據后文“‘IfeelluckythatIamdyingslowly,’Woodysaid.”以及but表示轉折，可知伍迪的精神卻絲毫未受影響。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：伍迪告訴記者，他很難相信當地人提供的幫助。A.suspect懷疑；B.accept接受；C.appreciate感激；D.believe相信。根據上文“Woodytoldthereporterthathecouldhardly”可知，伍迪很難相信當地人提供的幫助。故選D。【33題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他的話聽起來很奇怪。A.strange奇怪的；B.powerful強大的；C.simple簡單的；D.awkward尷尬的。根據上文“IfeelluckythatIamdyingslowly”伍迪說為自己慢慢死去感到幸運，可知這是聽起來很奇怪的話。故選A。【34題詳解】考查連接詞詞義辨析。句意：伍迪解釋說，他很高興，因為在他死之前，他可以看到人們對他的感覺，以及他對他們真正的意義。A.though雖然；B.because因為；C.once一旦；D.unless除非。引導原因狀語從句，表示“因為”應用because。故選B?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：伍迪解釋說，他很高興，因為在他死之前，他可以看到人們對他的感覺，以及他對他們真正的意義。A.fortunately幸運地；B.gently溫柔地；C.normally正常地；D.actually真正地，實際上。根據后文“meanttothem”可知伍迪很高興自己快要在死前，看到他對人們真正的意義。故選D。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。Fiftyyearsago,Chinasuccessfullylauncheditsfirstsatellite,Dongfanghong1,andstarted___36___newchapterinspaceexploration.___37___(mark)its50thanniversary,theChinaNationalSpaceAdministrationannouncedthenameforthecountry’sMarsplanetaryexplorationprogramonApril24.Themission,TianwengotitsnamefromalongpoemTianwen___38___(write)byQuYuan,afamouspoetoftheWarringStatesPeriod.Inthepoem,Quraisedaseriesofquestions___39___(concern)thesky,stars,naturalphenomena,mythsandtherealworld,reflectinghisdoubtsontraditionalideas___40___hispursuitoftruth.Sofar,China___41___(make)remarkableprogressinspaceexploration.In1970,Chinalauncheditsfirstman-madeEarthsatellite,becomingthefifthcountryintheworldtolaunchman-madesatellites___42___(independent).Overthepastfewyears,Chinasmissions,includingtheShenzhouandChangeseriesweredesignedtoexploreouterspace,expanded___43___(mankind)understandingofEarthandtheuniverse.Thistime,theTianwenserieswillcarryoutthefirstMarsexplorationmission,___44___representsamilestoneforChinasmovetowarddeepspace.WiththenamesdeeprootsinChinesetraditionalculture,Tianwendemonstratesthe____45____(determine)andperseveranceofChinesepeopletomovefurtherintodeepspace.【答案】36.a37.Tomark38.written39.concerning40.and41.hasmade42.independently43.mankind’s44.which45.determination【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了中國太空探索方面的歷史發(fā)展以及成功發(fā)射“天問”系列的意義?！?6題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：50年前，中國成功發(fā)射了第一顆衛(wèi)星“東方紅1號”，開啟了太空探索的新篇章。分析句子可知，句中泛指一個新篇章，故空格處應用不定冠詞，“new”單詞音標的第一個音素為輔音音素，故應用不定冠詞“a”。故填a?！?7題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：為了紀念其50周年，中國國家航天局于4月24日宣布了該國火星行星探測計劃的名稱。根據句意可知，句中“為了紀念其50周年”是“宣布火星行星探測計劃的名稱”的目的，故應用不定式作目的狀語，“mark”意為“紀念”，動詞詞性，不定式符號“to”后接動詞原形，句首單詞首字母大寫。故填Tomark。【38題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：“天問”的名字來源于戰(zhàn)國時期著名詩人屈原的一首長詩《天問》。分析句子可知，句中有謂語動詞“got”且句中無連詞，故空格處應用非謂語動詞，“Tianwen”與“write”之間為邏輯上的動賓關系，故應用“write”的過去分詞“written”，作后置定語。故填written?！?9題詳解】考查介詞。句意：在這首詩中，屈原提出了一系列關于天空、星星、自然現象、神話和現實世界的問題，反映了他對傳統(tǒng)觀念的懷疑和對真理的追求。根據句意可知，屈原提出的問題是“關于”天空、星星、自然現象、神話和現實世界的，故空格處應用“concerning”，意為“關于”，介詞詞性。故填concerning?！?0題詳解】考查連詞。句意：在這首詩中，屈原提出了一系列關于天空、星星、自然現象、神話和現實世界的問題，反映了他對傳統(tǒng)觀念的懷疑和對真理的追求。根據句意可知，句中“hisdoubtsontraditionalideas”和“hispursuit(追求)oftruth”之間為并列關系，故應用連詞“and”，表示并列。故填and。【41題詳解】考查時態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：到目前為止，中國在太空探索方面取得了顯著的進展。根據句意和句中“Sofar”可知，句中應用現在完成時表示動作開始于過去并持續(xù)到現在，句子主語“China”是第三人稱單數，與“has”連用，“make”的過去分詞為“made”。故填hasmade?！?2題詳解】考查副詞。句意：1970年，中國發(fā)射了第一顆人造地球衛(wèi)星，成為世界上第五個獨立發(fā)射人造衛(wèi)星的國家。分析句子可知，句中“l(fā)aunch”意為“發(fā)射”，動詞詞性，應用副詞修飾，“independent”意為“獨立的”，形容詞詞性，對應的副詞為“independently”，意為“獨立地”。故填independently?！?3題詳解】考查名詞所有格。句意：在過去的幾年里，中國的任務，包括“神舟”和“嫦娥”系列，旨在探索外層空間，擴大了人類對地球和宇宙的理解。分析句子可知，“understanding”意為“理解”，名詞詞性，前面應用名詞所有格修飾，“mankind”意為“人類”，名詞詞性，名詞所有格為“mankind’s”。故填mankind’s?！?4題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：這一次，“天問”系列將執(zhí)行第一次火星探測任務，這是中國探索外太空的一個里程碑。根據句意和句子結構可知，句子為非限制性定語從