Unit45高考短語動詞專題維克多英語詞匯教學(xué)探討與實踐【（一）認知】關(guān)鍵動詞brea,come,get,go,loo,mae,put,set,tae【（二）精講】PartI基礎(chǔ)訓(xùn)練TeachingGuide教學(xué)重難點概念意識up,out,off關(guān)鍵小品詞go,put,set,take,break關(guān)鍵動詞pickup,breakdown,workout,breakdown,breakup一詞多義短語動詞關(guān)鍵小品詞表示(由下)往上表示合在一起表示由小變大、由弱變強表示成碎片或分成幾部分表示完結(jié)、用完、清除干凈up表示靠近向上基本義getup/goup/holdup/looup/picup/putup/sendup/setupbringuupadduaeup/pacupbreaup/cutup/tearupclearup/dryup/eatup/endup/finishup/useupcatchueup/walupto1getup ___________________________2goup ____________________________3holdup ____________________________4looup ____________________________5picup ____________________________6putup ____________________________7sendup____________________________8setup____________________________起床；站起；起立up?表示（由下）往上增長舉起；抬起；支撐；使停頓抬頭看拿起；得到；取回；收集舉起；提高；公布；張貼；搭建發(fā)出；射出建起；豎起1bringuup____________________________撫養(yǎng)?表示由小變大、由弱變強樹立；逐步建立；增強成熟；長成；形成快點；趕快加快速度大聲點說開大；調(diào)高暖起來；興奮起來1adduaeup ____________________________4pacup ____________________________

把……加起來；合計表示合在一起把（東西）收拾好/收起來組成，構(gòu)成；和解收拾；打點1breaup ___________________________2cutup ____________________________3tearup ____________________________

破碎；分解；驅(qū)散?表示成碎片或分成幾部分切碎；剪碎撕碎1clearup ___________________________2dryup ____________________________3endup ____________________________4useup ____________________________

清理?表示完結(jié)、用完、清除干凈干涸結(jié)束；告終用光；耗盡1catchueup ____________________________3walup ____________________________

趕上?表示靠近走近；靠近走近出來；向外空；無；絕；盡遷移過程(動態(tài))out無遮蔽；出現(xiàn)向外基本義breaout/comeout/giveout/letout/picout/ruleout/setoutburnout/clearout/dieout/runout/sellout/wearoutcarryout/dropoutof/holdout/spreadout/leaveoutfigureout/findout/maeout/turnout/worout1breaout _________________________________2comeout _________________________________3giveout __________________________________4letout __________________________________5picout __________________________________6ruleout __________________________________7setout__________________________________

（火災(zāi)、戰(zhàn)爭等）突然爆發(fā)out?出來；向外出版，發(fā)行；出來；顯現(xiàn)，結(jié)果是發(fā)出光、熱、信號等；公布；耗盡發(fā)出（叫聲等）；放出；泄露挑選排除；取消出發(fā)；打算；闡述1dieout ___________________________2runout ____________________________3sellout ____________________________4wearout ____________________________

滅絕；死光；消失?空；無；絕；盡用完；耗盡售完穿破，磨損；使疲乏；使厭倦1實行；執(zhí)行 ___________________________2不再參與；退學(xué) ____________________________3遺漏；被忽視 ____________________________

carryout遷移過程（動態(tài)）dropoutofleaveout1figureout ___________________________2findout ____________________________3maeout ____________________________4turnout ____________________________5worout ____________________________________________________________________________________弄清楚；弄明白；計算出?無遮蔽；出現(xiàn)發(fā)現(xiàn)；查明；弄清情況勉強看見,聽見;理解;寫出,開列原來是；證明是；結(jié)果是算出；解決，把……弄清楚；制定出；產(chǎn)生結(jié)果，被證明有效；鍛煉離開；離去去除;除掉;移開不在…上面;下(公交、火車、飛機等)(機器、設(shè)備、燈等)停止運轉(zhuǎn)(協(xié)議、運動、事件等)取消off結(jié)束;消失離開基本義driveoff/headoff/runoff/setofffalloff/getoff/eepoffcomeoff/cutoff/taeoffshutoff/switchoff/turnoffcalloff/putoffburnoff/finishoff/illoff/payoff1驅(qū)車離開 ___________________________2動身去 ____________________________3跑開；溢出____________________________4引/出發(fā)；放____________________________

driveoff?離開；離去headoffrunoffsetoff1falloff ___________________________2getoff ____________________________3eepoff ____________________________

（從……）掉下；跌落?不在……上面；下（公交、火車、飛機等）下車；脫下（衣服等）避開；（使）不接近1comeoff ___________________________2cutoff ____________________________3taeoff ____________________________

從…離開；脫落；結(jié)果是，成為去掉；除掉；移開切掉；切斷；使隔絕脫下衣、帽等1shutoff ___________________________2swtichoff ____________________________3turnoff ____________________________

關(guān)掉；切斷?機器、設(shè)備、燈等停止運轉(zhuǎn)關(guān)上電燈、電視等關(guān)水、煤氣、電燈等1calloff ___________________________2putoff ____________________________ ____________________________取消；停止進行?協(xié)議、運動、事件等取消延期,推遲；使反感，使不信任打擾，使分心1burnoff ________________________________2finishoff ________________________________3illoff ________________________________4payoff________________________________吃光，喝光；殺死?結(jié)束；消失大量殺死/消滅；使…停止；除掉還清；取得好結(jié)果；解雇，遣散燒掉，燒除；通過鍛煉等消耗能量將下列短語譯成漢語。1breadown ________________________2comeacross ___________________3setaside ___________________4looabout/around___________________5taeapart___________________

機器等出故障；身體等垮掉；情感等失控碰見;被理解留出；把…置于一旁四下環(huán)顧/看看拆開6tryon _______________________________7loointo _______________________________8getover _______________________________9holdbac_______________________________10loothrough_______________________________試穿切掉；切斷；使隔絕越過；克服；從…中恢復(fù)過來阻擋；阻礙；抑制瀏覽；快速查看關(guān)鍵動詞eetingtonetwee她下午打電話說把會議推遲到下周。②使反感；使不信任SheisverycleverbuthermannerdoestendtoeoffwhenI’mtryingtoconcentrate在我想要集中精力的時候別打擾我。④使對…失去興趣Don’tletyourfailuresputyouofftryingharder別因為失敗你就不再進一步努力了。putembertooreclothestoee記得多穿點衣服保暖。②使運轉(zhuǎn)；播放Ididn’tseehimbutIheardhimputonhisfavouriteCD我沒看見他，但聽到他播放他最喜歡的CD了。譯林②–1③增加gainHe’sputonalotofweight他的體重增加了很多。反taeoff④上演戲劇等WeonceanceofHamlet我們曾表演過《哈姆雷特》。北師大⑤–15⑤征收稅金等；施加壓力；將…歸咎putataon對…征稅Theyputpressureonhertoresign他們向她施加壓力，讓她自動請辭。encameandputoutthefire消防員來把火撲滅了。清理垃圾④伸出手、腳等Thedoctorasedmetoytongue醫(yī)生叫我伸出舌頭。⑤出版；公布；廣播TheymeonChineseongfu他們播出了一檔半小時的關(guān)于中國功夫的節(jié)目。辨goout,ensoonputthefireoutbrellatoeepthewateroffwhenitrains下雨時我們撐開傘來遮擋雨水。2012重慶②公布；張貼布告、相片等displayPosterswereputuparoundourschool,callinguponustojoinintheactionsforagreenerearth校園中到處張貼著海報，號召我們?nèi)⒓咏ㄔO(shè)更綠色地球的行動。2016北京書面表達③建造房屋等；搭建They’veeuoinganylonger我再也無法忍受他們抽煙了。Butit’sstillasillyideatoethinguntilafuturetime2013浙江閱讀理解____TomaesureyougetenoughVitaminD—butstillerstostayandorderthatetraround:eMoart莫扎特2018江蘇閱讀理解____AworldfamousShaoingO2012天津書面表達____Larrytoldherthathehadalreadyoveincasesheinjuredhernec2016全國完形____【備考指導(dǎo)】抹播放推遲上演撲滅Whenaratherdirty,emoney2005江西閱讀理解____Wehavetoers2013浙江閱讀理解____Tallbuildingshavebeenandlaboratorybuildings,andalibrary2011福建書面表達____Hedecidedthathewoulddriveallthewayhomeinsteadofputtingupatahotelforthenight2011浙江單項填空____

伸出忍受張貼建造住宿setaboutdoingsth開始/著手做某事IsetaboutresearchingthehabitsofsnaessoIcouldtraintheeasiestway我著手研究蛇的習(xí)性，以便用最簡單的方法捕捉它們。人教⑧–3setaside留出；把…置于一旁Setasidesometimeeachdaytowrite,evenifitisonlyfiveminutes每天留出一點兒時間來寫作，哪怕只有5分鐘。setsetoff出發(fā)；引發(fā)；觸響警報；放煙火；襯托出Weoughttosetoffat7:00,whiletheroadsareeme他無禮的答復(fù)引起了我的反感。Thatblousesetsofftheblueofhereyes那件上衣襯托出了她的藍眼睛。setout出發(fā)；打算；闡述；擺放；陳列Wesetouttopaintthewholehousebutfinishedonlythefrontpartthatday那天我們打算把整個房子粉刷完，但只粉刷完了前面的部分。2012全國Hesetoutthereasonsforhisdecisioninhisreport他在報告中闡述了他作這個決定的理由。setueacallonFridaytosetue,O星期五給我打電話安排個時間，好嗎？2014湖南Ralersonwouldalwaysset_____newideasthatoccurredtohimforhisnewonytoencouragethemselvesbeforetheyset______ontheirlifejourney2013安徽改Inmuchoftheanimalworld,nightisthetimeset_____forsleeedwiththeinformationyouhavegathered,youcansetabout_________hoyownbusinesssomeday2006江西單項填空【備考指導(dǎo)】downoff/outasidepreparingupgoabout從事；忙于；開始做Thevillagersweregoingabouttheirbusinessasusual村民們?nèi)缤Ｒ粯用χ约旱氖?。goagainst違反；違背；不利于Jasonwasdeterminednottogoagainsthisfather’swishes杰森決定不違背父親的心愿。2012江西改goout外出；燈火等熄滅Iwasinthemiddleofythingswhensuddenlythepowerwentoutintheneighborhood我正在收拾東西的時候，突然整個街區(qū)停電了。gogooff①離開：Don’tgooffwithoutsayinggood-bye不要不辭而別。②突然響起；走火；爆炸：Ioversleorningbecausemymorningclocdidn’tgooff今天早晨鬧鐘沒有響，所以我睡過頭了。2009江西③熄滅；中斷供應(yīng)Suddenlythelightswentoff

反goon燈突然熄滅了。gothrough①穿過Ittoothemanentiredaytogothroughtheforest他們花了整整一天時間才走出那片森林。②經(jīng)歷toeimpossible,andachievewhatweneverbelievedwecould去經(jīng)歷那些似乎不可能做到的事，去取得我們從未相信過自己能取得的成就。2013廣東改③仔細檢查I’dbeverygratefulifyoucouldtaesometimetogothroughmyresumeandmaenecessarychanges如果你能拿出一些時間仔細檢查我的簡歷并做必要的修改，我將不勝感激。2016全國書面表達改④提案等被通過Itissaidthatthenewschoolruledidn’tgothrough據(jù)說新校規(guī)沒有被通過。gothroughwith將…進行到底：Ihadnochoicebuttogothroughwithit我沒有選擇，只有堅持到底。gouesgoesutheareacannotaffordtobuyahousethere住宅價格上漲，本地人買不起自家周圍的房子。外研①–4②被建造起來Newbuildingsaregoingupeverywhere到處矗立起新樓。反godowngowithout沒有…也行Peoplecannotlivewithoutwaterandneitheragriculturenorindustrycangowithoutit人活著離不開水，而且農(nóng)業(yè)和工業(yè)也離不開水。2012全國Itgoeswithoutsayingthathealthisabovewealth健康勝于財富，這是不言而喻的?！緜淇贾笇?dǎo)】Thatmiture,accordingtoBernard,setstheelevatorrideaetobelievethatwhateverchangeishainednottogoagainsttheirfather’swishesbutMarwasmoreadventurousthanhisbrother2012江西閱讀理解____忙于反對違背Today,Iamgoingtotalaboutwhatyoushoulddowhenafirealarmgoesoff2014四川短文改錯________Thisviewisesanjaroasclimbersgothroughfiveecosystems生態(tài)系統(tǒng)intheseters2019全國課標卷I完形填空_____Asyougothroughthisboo,youwillfindthateachofthemillionsofistoheloreideasanduselanguageinanewway2006江蘇閱讀理解________穿過突然響起瀏覽；閱讀不言而喻taein①吸入；收留Hewashomeless,sowetoohimin他無家可歸，于是我們收留了他。②理解absorbItwasseveralminutesbeforeIcouldtaeinwhathewassaying過了好幾分鐘，我才理解他說的是什么。2014湖北③欺騙Shetoomeincompletelywithherstory她用一番花言巧語完全把我騙住了。taetaeoff①脫下衣、帽等Hetoooffmywetbootsandmademesitbythefire他脫掉我的濕靴子，讓我在火邊坐下。②飛機等起飛Thefortableclimateforbusinesscreation由于良好的創(chuàng)業(yè)環(huán)境，大學(xué)生開辦的許多公司已有起色。飛機正點起飛?！緜淇贾笇?dǎo)】ItoooffmyT-shirtanddivedintothewater2018全國完形____Itisnineo’clocnow,andboardingwillbeginin2hours,30minutesbeforetheflighttaesoff2015浙江聽力____Aswheeldesigntoooff,vehiclesgotfasterandfaster____Imanagedtorentabigenoughhousetotaeinahandfulofpeople2013江蘇完形____過了好幾分鐘，我才理解他說的是什么。2014湖北完成句子__________________________________________________________________________________________________脫下起飛開始成功容納ItwasseveralminutesbeforeIcouldtaein/beforeItooinwhathewassaying一詞多義短語動詞拿起；撿起（基本義）用手“拿起”人/物拿起；拾起(車輛等)中途搭(人)；中途帶(貨)營救；救起接收到用船“撿起”用車“撿起”人/物“撿起”習(xí)慣/語言；去商店“拿起”某物被設(shè)備“撿起”(偶然地、無意地)得到；學(xué)會；買到picup去某地“撿起”某物“撿起”話題/健康/情緒取回；收集提高；(風(fēng))變大“撿起”速度重提(話題)；恢復(fù)(健康等)提起；拿起①拿起；拾起ShewentovertothecryingchildandpicedherupThephonerangandIpiceditupHepiceduptheletterandreaditpicup［基本義］電話響了，我接了。他拿起信看了起來。她走到啼哭的孩子身邊，把她抱了起來。②車輛等中途搭人；中途帶貨I’vegottoydaughterfromschoolatfouro’clocWillyougetbacintimetopicuptheids③營救；救起Thesurvivorswerenearbyvillages北師大③–92015湖南我四點鐘得從學(xué)校接女兒。你能及時返回去接孩子們嗎？幸存者被附近村莊的漁船救了起來。得到①偶然地、無意地得到；學(xué)會；買到ejobsSheanagedtoaret染上壞習(xí)慣他靠兼職掙了幾個錢。她在日本的時候?qū)W會了日語，現(xiàn)在她日語講得很流利。我們從市場上買到了幾件便宜貨。②接收到Wewereabletoonday,unlessIyclothesatthedrycleaner’sI’lletomorrowpicuptheheat我們能收聽到英國廣播公司的國際廣播節(jié)目。2013全國如果不把衣服從干洗店取回來，我周一上班就沒有衣服穿了。北師大②–5我明天午飯時間去取票。2009安徽收集熱量重提話題；恢復(fù)健康等Heeagaininlaterchae那條蛇一恢復(fù)過來，就試圖咬我。Thousandsofvictimsoftheearthquaearenowfacedwiththetasofpicingupthepiecesoftheirlives數(shù)以千計的地震災(zāi)民現(xiàn)在面臨著重建生活的重任。提高；風(fēng)變大Thetrainefeelingsorryforherself—shejustpicedherselfupandcarriedon她沒有浪費時間自憐，而是振作起來繼續(xù)干?！緜淇贾笇?dǎo)】picup釋義的①②和釋義的①②考頻較高，釋義的“收集”作為考點考查過；picup在高考聽力、閱讀、完形和寫作中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)，為完形詞匯。Theofrobocallshasgottensobadthatmanynumberstheydon’tnow2019北京閱讀_________eAchievement”award,her36-year-oldbusiness2019全國語法填空_________Thenwestartedtopicupthelitter2008北京書面表達__________接拿起拾起Ourflightleavesat11am,sotheyshouldandreturnyourRSVonTuesday,March252008湖南閱讀__________Wavesareoneofnature’swaysofpicingupenergyandthensendingitoffonajourney2005廣東閱讀_________車輛等中途搭人學(xué)會買到接收到領(lǐng)取收集坍塌（基本義）機器、身體等“坍塌”特殊情感或態(tài)度“坍塌”(談判等)“坍塌”具體事物“坍塌”情感“坍塌”breadown出故障；垮掉（談判等）失敗打破;消除把…分成若干部分情不自禁地哭起來breadown［基本義］出故障；垮掉tostoeverybadOnmywaytothestationmycarbroedown去車站的路上，我的車壞了。人教⑤–2Herhealthbroedownunderthepressureofwor她的身體在工作壓力下垮掉了。談判等失敗tofailbecauseofaordisagreementTalsbetweenthetwosideshavebroendown打破；消除todestroyorremovesth,es雙方的談判失敗了。把年輕人聚集起來可以幫助他們消除彼此之間的隔閡。把…分成若干部分todividesthintosmallerpartsEachlessonisbroendownintoseveralunits情不自禁地哭起來tolosecontrolofyourfeelingsandstartcryingHebroedownandweptwhenheheardthenews聽到這個消息，他不禁失聲痛哭。每一課都分成幾部分。Whensomerefusevaccination疫苗接種andseeafreeride,immunity免疫系統(tǒng)breasdownandeveryoneisinevenbiggerdanger2017北京閱讀___________See,yourcomatterwhenwirelessnetworsbreadownindisasters2013福建___________AturndownBturnoutCbreadownDbreaout【備考指導(dǎo)】breadown的釋義考頻較高，但其他釋義也有考查；breadown在高考聽力、閱讀和完形中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)，且常作為考點，為完形詞匯。崩潰；垮掉出故障出故障Newsreentreached2003全國____________AhavebroendownBhavebroenoutChavebroeninDhavebroenumarofthesentence,youmustbreaitdownintoparts2005湖北_______________AdownBupCoffDout談判等失敗把…分成若干部分Hebroedownashethoughtofhisfailuretosellallhis'sfindingsmightonedayhele酶tobreadownplasticsinlandfills（2018北京閱讀____________情不自禁哭起來分解做出（基本義）work(做)+out(出來)“做出”計算“做出”計劃“做出”問題“做出”效果“做出”運動worout算出；總計達解決；把…弄清楚制定出產(chǎn)生結(jié)果；被證明有效鍛煉；訓(xùn)練worout［基本義］算出tocalculatesthI’mjusttryingtoworouthowmuchIsonthThetravellingepensesworoutat12dollarsperdayeach我只是想弄清楚我每個月花多少錢。每人每天的旅行費用總共12美元。解決；把…弄清楚tofindtheanswertosthworoutaIttoomesometimetoworoutwhatwascausingthis解決問題我花了一些時間才弄清楚此事的起因。近solve制定出toplanorthinofsthI’veworedoutanewwayofdoingitTrainedeerciseteacherscanhelpyouworoutatrainingplanandeepyouactive我想出了做這件事的新方法。訓(xùn)練有素的運動教練能幫你制定一套訓(xùn)練計劃，使你保持活力。產(chǎn)生結(jié)果；被證明有效todeveloe鍛煉；訓(xùn)練totrainthebody