學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法【一】一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)基本用法介紹一、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的功能表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。如：Theskyisblue.天空是藍(lán)色的。表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。如：Igetupatsixeveryday.我每天六點(diǎn)起床。表示客觀現(xiàn)實(shí)。如：Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。二、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的構(gòu)成.be動(dòng)詞：肯定句：主語(yǔ) be(am,is,are)其它。如：Iamaboy.我是一個(gè)男孩。.行為動(dòng)詞：肯定句：主語(yǔ) 行為動(dòng)詞(其它)。如：WestudyEnglish.我們學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù) (he,she,it)時(shí)，要在動(dòng)詞后加 '-s'或'-es'。如：MarylikesChinese.瑪麗喜歡漢語(yǔ)。動(dòng)詞s的變化規(guī)則1．一般情況下，直接加 -s，如：cook-cooks,2．以s.x.sh.ch.o結(jié)尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses,wash-washes,watchwatches,go-goes.以“輔音字母y"結(jié)尾，變y為i,再加-es,如：study-studies特殊：have has三、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的變化.be動(dòng)詞的變化。否定句：主語(yǔ) benot其它。如：Heisnotaworker.他不是工人。一般疑問(wèn)句：Be主語(yǔ)其它。如：-Areyouastudent?-Yes.Iam./No,I'mnot.特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞一般疑問(wèn)句。如：Whereismybike?.行為動(dòng)詞的變化。否定句：主語(yǔ) don't(doesn't)動(dòng)詞原形(其它)。如：Idon'tlikebread.當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，要用doesn't構(gòu)成否定句。如：Hedoesn'toftenplay.一般疑問(wèn)句：Do(Does)主語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞原形其它。如：-Doyouoftenplayfootball?-Yes,Ido./No,Idon't.當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，要用does構(gòu)成一般疑問(wèn)句。如：-Doesshegotoworkbybike?-Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn't.特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞一般疑問(wèn)句？如：Howdoesyourfathergotowork?一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)用法練習(xí)一、出下列動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)drink go stay make look have pass carry come watch plant fly study brush do teach likeplayreadwashbe二、用括號(hào)內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.Heoften (have)dinnerathome.2.DanielandTommy (be)inClassOne.3.We (notwatch)TVonMonday.4.Nick (notgo)tothezooonSunday.5. they (like)theWorldCup?6.What theyoften (do)onSaturdays?7. yourparents (read)newspaperseveryday?8.Thegirl (teach)usEnglishonSundays.9.SheandI (take)awalktogethereveryevening.10.There (be)somewaterinthebottle.11.Mike (like)cooking.12.They (have)thesamehobby.13.Myaunt (look)afterherbabycarefully.14.Youalways (do)yourhomeworkwell.15.I (be)ill.I’mstayinginbed.16.She (go)toschoolfromMondaytoFriday.17.LiuTao (do)notlikePE.18.Thechildoften (watch)TVintheevening.19.SuHaiandSuYang (have)eightlessonsthisterm.20.－Whatday (be)ittoday?－It’sSaturday.三、按照要求改寫(xiě)句子1.DanielwatchesTVeveryevening.(改為否定句) domyhomeworkeveryday.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句，作否定回答 )helikesmilk.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句，作肯定回答 ) .Amylikesplayingcomputergames.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句，作否定回答 ).Wegotoschooleverymorning.(改為否定句).HespeaksEnglishverywell.(改為否定句)7.Iliketakingphotosinthepark.( 對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn))8.JohncomesfromCanada.(對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn))_9.Sheisalwaysagoodstudent.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句，作否定回答 )改為否定句）改為否定句）四、改錯(cuò)（劃出錯(cuò)誤的地方，將正確的寫(xiě)在橫線上 ）yourbrotherspeakEnglish? .Doeshelikesgoingfishing? .Helikesplaygamesafterclass. .Mr.WuteachsusEnglish. .Shedon’tdoherhomeworkonSundays. 小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法【二】現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)1．現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，也可表示當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的活動(dòng)或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。2．現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的肯定句基本結(jié)構(gòu)為 be動(dòng)詞ing.3．現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的否定句在 be后加not。4．現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的一般疑問(wèn)句把 be動(dòng)詞調(diào)到句首。5．現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的特殊疑問(wèn)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：疑問(wèn)詞 be主語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞ing?但疑問(wèn)詞當(dāng)主語(yǔ)時(shí)其結(jié)構(gòu)為：疑問(wèn)詞be動(dòng)詞ing?標(biāo)志詞：looknowlistenIt’s點(diǎn)鐘動(dòng)詞加ing的變化規(guī)則1．一般情況下，直接加 ing，如：cook-cooking2．以不發(fā)音的 e結(jié)尾，去e加ing，如：make-making,taste-tasting,write—writing,ride—riding,have—havingcome—comingdance—dancinglive—livingtake—takingskate—skating3．如果末尾是一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母，雙寫(xiě)末尾的輔音字母，再加 ing，如：swim—swimmingbegin—beginningrun-running,sit—sittingput—puttingget—gettingshop—shoppingstop--stopping現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)練習(xí)一、寫(xiě)出下列動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞：play ___run ___swim___ make___ goskate write ___ski read have_sing love dance live___ put___ take___ see come_____buy__get ___stop ___sit __begin __shop___二、用所給的動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空：Theboy (draw)apicturenow.Listen.Somegirls (sing)intheclassroom.Mymother (cook)somenicefoodnow.What you (do)now?5.Look.They (have)anEnglishlesson..They (not,water)theflowersnow..Look!thegirls (dance)intheclassroom.

.Whatisourgranddaughterdoing?She (listen)tomusic..It’s5o’clocknow.We (have)suppernow. Helen (wash)clothes?Yes,sheis.三、句型轉(zhuǎn)換：Theyaredoinghousework.(分別改成一般疑問(wèn)句和否定句)改一般疑問(wèn)句并作肯定和否對(duì)劃線部分進(jìn)行提問(wèn))Thestudentsarecleaningtheclassroom改一般疑問(wèn)句并作肯定和否對(duì)劃線部分進(jìn)行提問(wèn))定回答)I’mplayingthefootballintheplayground.(Tomisreadingbooksinhisstudy.(對(duì)劃線部分進(jìn)行提問(wèn))小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法【三】一般將來(lái)時(shí)一、概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。句中一般有以下時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：tomorrow,nextday(week,month,year …),soon,thedayaftertomorrow(后天)等。二、基本結(jié)構(gòu)：①begoingtodo;②willdo.三、否定句：在 be動(dòng)詞(am,is,are)后加not或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 will后加not成won’t。例如：I'mgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.fI'mnotgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.四、一般疑問(wèn)句：be或will提到旬首，some改為any,and改為or,第一二人稱互換。例如：Wearegoingtogoonanoutingthisweekend.fAreyougoingtogoonanoutingthisweekend?五、對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)。一般情況，一般將來(lái)時(shí)的對(duì)劃線部分有三種情況。.問(wèn)人。WhoM如：I'mgoingtoNewYorksoon. fWh6sgoingtoNewYorksoon..問(wèn)干什么。What…do.例如：Myfatherisgoingtowatcharacewithmethisafternoon.fWhatisyourfathergoingtodowithyouthisafternoon..問(wèn)什么時(shí)候。When例如：Shesgoingtogotobedatnine.fWhenisshegoingtobed?六、同義句：begoingto=willIamgoingtogoswimmingtomorrow(明天).=Iwillgoswimmingtomorrow.練習(xí)：填空。我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I haveapicnicwithmyfriends.I haveapicnicwithmyfriends.下個(gè)星期一你打算去干嘛 ?我想去打籃球。What nextMonday?I playbasketball.What youdonextMonday?I playbasketball.你媽媽這個(gè)周末去購(gòu)物嗎？是，她要去買一些水果。 yourmother goshoppingthis ?Yes,she .She buysomefruit.你們打算什么時(shí)候見(jiàn)面。Whattime you meet?改句子。5.Nancyisgoingtogocamping.(改否定)Nancy goingtogocamping.6.I’llgoandjointhem.(改否定)I go jointhem.7.I’mgoingtogetupat6:30tomorrow.(改一般疑問(wèn)句) togetupat6:30tomorrow?8.Wewillmeetatthebusstopat10:30.(改一般疑問(wèn)句) meetatthebusstopat10:30.9.Sheisgoingtolistentomusicafterschool.(對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)) she afterschool?10.Myfatherandmotheraregoingtoseeaplaythedayaftertomorrow.(同上) goingtoseeaplaythedayaftertomorrow.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。11.Todayisasunnyday.We (have)apicnicthisafternoon.12.Mybrother (go)toShanghainextweek.13.Tomoften (go)toschoolonfoot.Buttodayisrain.He (go)toschoolbybike.14.Whatdoyouusuallydoatweekends?Iusually (watch)TVand (catch)insects?5.It’sFridaytoday.What___she (do)thisweekend?She (watch)TVand (catch)insects.16.What (d0)youdolastSunday?I (pick)applesonafarm.What (do)nextSunday?I (milk)cows..Mary (visit)hergrandparentstomorrow..LiuTao (fly)kitesintheplaygroundyesterday..David (give)apuppetshownextMonday.20.I (plan)formystudynow小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法【四】一般過(guò)去時(shí)一、一般過(guò)去時(shí)語(yǔ)法介紹1．一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常和表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。一般過(guò)去時(shí)也表示過(guò)去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作感謝。2.Be動(dòng)詞在一般過(guò)去時(shí)中的變化：⑴am和is在一般過(guò)去時(shí)中變?yōu)閣aso(wasnot=wasn't)⑵are在一般過(guò)去時(shí)中變?yōu)閣ere。(werenot=werent)⑶帶有was或were的句子，其否定、疑問(wèn)的變化和is,am,are一樣，即否定句在was或were后加not,一般疑問(wèn)句把was或were調(diào)到旬首。3．句中沒(méi)有 be動(dòng)詞的一般過(guò)去時(shí)的句子否定句：didn’t動(dòng)詞原形，如：Jimdidn’tgohomeyesterday.一般疑問(wèn)句：在句首加did，句子中的動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式變回原形。如：DidJimgohomeyesterday?特殊疑問(wèn)句：⑴疑問(wèn)詞did主語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞原形？如：WhatdidJimdoyesterday?⑵疑問(wèn)詞當(dāng)主語(yǔ)時(shí)：疑問(wèn)詞動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式？如：Whowenttohomeyesterday?二、動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式變化規(guī)則1．一般在動(dòng)詞末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled,cook-cooked2.結(jié)尾是e力口d,如：taste-tasted3．末尾只有一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)，應(yīng)雙寫(xiě)末尾的輔音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped4.以“輔音字母y”結(jié)尾的，變y為i,再加-ed,如：study-studied5．不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式：詞義現(xiàn)在(原形)過(guò)去式詞義現(xiàn)在(原形)過(guò)去式是am,is(be)was忘記forgetforgot是are(be)were得到getgot成為becomebecam給givegave開(kāi)始beginbegan走gowent彎曲 bendbent成長(zhǎng) growgrew吹blowblew有have,hashad買buybought聽(tīng)hearheard能cancould受傷hurthurt捕捉catchcaught保持 keepkept選擇choosechose知道 knowknew來(lái)comecam學(xué)習(xí)learnlearned,learnt切cutcut允許，讓letlet做do,doesdid躺lielay畫(huà)drawdrew制造makemade飲drinkdrank可以 maymight吃eatate意味meanmeant感覺(jué)feelfelt 會(huì)見(jiàn) meetmet發(fā)現(xiàn)findfound必須mustmust飛flyflew放置putput讀readread將shallshould騎、乘 riderode唱歌 singsang響、鳴 ringrang坐下 sitsat跑runran睡覺(jué)sleepslept說(shuō)saysaid說(shuō)speakspoke看見(jiàn)seesaw度過(guò)spendspent掃sweepswept三、過(guò)去時(shí)練習(xí)：寫(xiě)出下列動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式is\am fly plant are drink play go make does dance worry ask taste eat draw put throw kick pass do 四、Be動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去時(shí)練習(xí)Be動(dòng)詞練習(xí)一（一）用be動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.I atschooljustnow.2.He atthecamplastweek.3.We studentstwoyearsago.4.They onthefarmamomentago.5.YangLing elevenyearsoldlastyear.6.There anappleontheplateyesterday.7.There somemilkinthefridgeonSunday.8.Themobilephone onthesofayesterdayevening.（二）句型轉(zhuǎn)換Itwasexciting.否定句：一般疑問(wèn)句： 肯、否定回答： Allthestudentswereveryexcited.否定句： 一般疑問(wèn)句： 肯、否定回答： Be動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去時(shí)練習(xí)二（一）用be動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空I anEnglishteachernow.2.She happyyesterday.They gladtoseeeachotherlastmonth.4.HelenandNancy goodfriends.5.Thelittledog twoyearsoldthisyear.6.Look,there lotsofgrapeshere.There asignonthechaironMonday..Today thesecondofJune.Yesterday thefirstofJune.It Children’sDay.Allthestudents veryexcited.（二）句型轉(zhuǎn)換1.Therewasacarinfrontofthehousejustnow.否定句： 一般疑問(wèn)句： 肯、否定回答： 肯、否定回答： 中譯英1．我的故事書(shū)剛才還在手表旁邊。2．他們的外套上個(gè)星期放在臥室里了。3．一會(huì)以前花園里有兩只小鳥(niǎo)。五、行為動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去時(shí)練習(xí)一(一)用行為動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.He (live)inWuxitwoyearsago.2.Thecat (eat)abirdlastnight.3.We (have)apartylastHalloween.4.Nancy (pick)uporangesonthefarmlastweek.5.I (make)amodelshipwithMikeyesterday.6.They (play)chessintheclassroomlastPElesson.7.Mymother (cook)anicefoodlastSpringFestival.8.Thegirls (sing)and___(dance)attheparty.(二)句型轉(zhuǎn)換SuHaitooksomephotosattheSportsday.否定句：一般疑問(wèn)句： 肯、否定回答： Nancywenttoschoolearly.否定句：一般疑問(wèn)句： 肯、否定回答： WesangsomeEnglishsongs.否定句：一般疑問(wèn)句： 肯、否定回答： 行為動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去時(shí)練習(xí)二(一)用be動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空I (watch)acartoononSaturday.2.Herfather (read)anewspaperlastnight.We tozooyesterday,we tothepark.(go) you (visit)yourrelativeslastSpringFestival? he (fly)akiteonSunday?Yes,he .GaoShan (pull)upcarrotslastNationalDayholiday.I (sweep)theflooryesterday,butmymother What she (find)inthegardenlastmorning?She (find)abeautifulbutterfly.(二)句型轉(zhuǎn)換Theyplayedfootballintheplayground.否定句：一般疑問(wèn)句： 肯、否定回答： 漢譯英格林先生去年住在中國(guó)。昨天我們參觀了農(nóng)場(chǎng)。他剛才在找他的手機(jī)。(一)用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.It (be)Ben’sbirthdaylastFriday.2.Weall (have)agoodtimelastnight.3.He (jump)highonlastSportsDay.4.Helen (milk)acowonFriday.Shelikes newspapers,butshe abookyesterday.(read)He footballnow,butthey basketballjustnow.(play)Jim’smother (plant)treesjustnow. they (sweep)theflooronSunday?No,they .I (watch)acartoononMonday.10.We (go)toschoolonSunday.一、用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空It (be)the2ndofNovemberyesterday.MrWhite (go)tohisofficebycar.GaoShan (put)thebookonhisheadamomentago.Don’t thehouse.Mum ityesterday.(clean)What you justnow?I somehousework.(do)They (make)akiteaweekago.Iwantto apples.Butmydad allofthemlastmonth.(pick) he theflowersthismorning?Yes,he .(water)She (be)aprettygirl.Look,she (do)Chinesedances.Thestudentsoften (draw)somepicturesintheartroom.What Mikedoonthefarm?He cows.(milk)小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法（五）（HaveHas和Therebe結(jié)構(gòu)）一、HaveHas和Therebe結(jié)構(gòu)1、Therebe結(jié)構(gòu)包括thereistherearetherewastherewere2、意思都是 '有'。3、和 have、has、had的區(qū)別：（1）Therebe句型表示：在某地有某物（或人）（2）在 therebe句型中，主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)，be動(dòng)詞用is;主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)，be動(dòng)詞用are;如有幾件物品，be動(dòng)詞根據(jù)最近 be動(dòng)詞的那個(gè)名詞決定。即遵循就近原則。therebe句型的否定句在 be動(dòng)詞后加not,一般疑問(wèn)句把 be動(dòng)詞調(diào)到句首。therebe句型與have（has）的區(qū)別：therebe表示在某地有某物（或人）；have（has）表示某人擁有某物。some和any在therebe句型中的運(yùn)用：some用于肯定句， any用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句。and和or在therebe句型中的運(yùn)用：and用于肯定句，or用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句。（7）針對(duì)數(shù)量提問(wèn)的特殊疑問(wèn)句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是： Howmany名詞復(fù)數(shù)arethere介詞短語(yǔ)？Howmuch不可數(shù)名詞isthere介詞短語(yǔ)？（8）針對(duì)主語(yǔ)提問(wèn)的特殊疑問(wèn)句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是： What's介詞短語(yǔ)？（9）Therebe結(jié)構(gòu)一般用在句子的開(kāi)頭，而have等詞只能用于某一個(gè)主語(yǔ)后面。Fillintheblankwith “have,has”or“thereis,thereare”1.I agoodfatherandagoodmother.2. atelescopeonthedesk.3.He atape-recorder.4. abasketballintheplayground.5.She somedresses.6.They anicegarden.7.Whatdoyou ?8. areading-roominthebuilding?9.WhatdoesMike ?10. anybooksinthebookcase?11.Myfather astory-book.12. astory-bookonthetable. anyflowersinthevase?14.Howmanystudents intheclassroom?Myparents somenicepictures.16. somemapsonthewall. amapoftheworldonthewall.18.David atelescope.19.David’sfriends sometents.20. manychildrenonthehill.用恰當(dāng)?shù)腷e動(dòng)詞填空。1、Therealotofsweetsinthebox.2、Theresomemilkintheglass.3、Theresomepeopleunderthethebigtree.4、Thereapictureandamaponthewall.5、Thereaboxofrubbersnearthebooks.6、Therelotsofflowersinourgardenlastyear.7、Thereatinofchickenbehindthefridgeyesterday.8 、Therefourcupsofcoffeeonthetable.Fillintheblankwith“have,has”1.I anicepuppet.2.He agoodfriend.3.They somemasks.4.We someflowers.5.She aduck.6.Myfather anewbike.7.Hermother avase.8.Ourteacher anEnglishbook.TOC\o"1-5"\h\z9.Ourteachers abasketball.10.Theirparents someblankets11.Nancy manyskirts.12.David somejackets.Myfriends afootball.14.Whatdoyou ?WhatdoesMike ?16.Whatdoyourfriends ?WhatdoesHelen ?18.Hisbrother abasketball.Hersister anicedoll.20.MissLi anEnglishbook.小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)要點(diǎn)1名詞可數(shù)名詞：表示可以具體個(gè)別存在的人或物?？蓴?shù)名詞有單復(fù)數(shù)形式，其單數(shù)形式與不定冠詞a/an連用?？蓴?shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則：1．一般情況下，直接加-s，如：book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds2．以s.x.sh.ch結(jié)尾，加-es，如：bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watches.以“輔音字母y"結(jié)尾，變y為i,再加-es,如：family-families,strawberry-strawberries.以“f或fe”結(jié)尾，變f或fe為v,冉加-es,如：knife-knives5．以結(jié)尾 o的通常有生命的加-es,無(wú)生命的加-s如：兩人三物：黑人 Negro、英雄hero，馬鈴薯potato、西紅柿tomato、芒果 mango。6．不規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù)：man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen,mouse-micechild-childrenfoot-feet,tooth-teethfish-fish,people-people,sheep-sheep,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese不可數(shù)名詞：表示不能個(gè)別存在的事物，如液體類，氣體類的物質(zhì)；少數(shù)固體類的物質(zhì)（grass草，ice冰），抽象的名詞（help幫助，music音樂(lè)）。不可數(shù)名詞沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)（如somewater）,不能與不定冠詞a/an連用。不可數(shù)名詞:paperjuicewatermilkriceteabreadhairorangetimechicken1、不可數(shù)名詞沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式。2.、數(shù)量容器of不可數(shù)名詞如：acupoftea一杯茶數(shù)量單位of不可數(shù)名詞如：apieceofbread一片面包練習(xí)：一瓶水兩瓶水一袋大米三袋大米一盒牛奶四盒牛奶一張紙十張紙一公斤雞肉十五公斤雞肉寫(xiě)出下列各詞的復(fù)數(shù)photo diary day dressthief yo-yo peach juice water rice tea man woman banana bus child foot sheep leaf（樹(shù)葉） dishknife pen boy baby map city box book class eye office car fox（狐貍） watch library pearskirt shelf cinema tomatotooth wife Englishman paper milk Frenchman postman familymouse people（人們） fish brush mango Japanese sandwich policeman watermelon Chinese strawberry match glass 小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)要點(diǎn)2名詞所有格1、名詞所有格表示所屬關(guān)系,相當(dāng)于物主代詞 ,在句中作定語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或主語(yǔ)。其構(gòu)成法如下：（1）表示人或其它有生命的東西的名詞常在詞尾加‘ So如：Childern'sDay（兒童節(jié)）,mysister ’sbook（我姐姐的書(shū)）以s或es結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞。只在詞尾加’。如：Teachers’Day（教師節(jié)）有些表示時(shí)間、距離以及世界、國(guó)家、城鎮(zhèn)等無(wú)生命的名詞,也可在詞尾加’s.如：today’snewspaper（今天的報(bào)紙 ）,tenminutes’break（十分鐘的課間休息）,China’spopulation（中國(guó)的人口）.無(wú)論表示有生命還是無(wú)生命的東西的名詞,一般均可用介詞of短語(yǔ)來(lái)表示所有關(guān)系。如：afinedaughteroftheParty（黨的好女兒 ）.2、[注解]：①’s還可以表示某人的家或者某個(gè)店鋪，如：myaunt's（我阿姨家）,thedoctor’s（診所）兩人共有某物時(shí) ,可以采用AandB’s的形式,如：LucyandLily’sbedroom（露西和麗麗合住的臥室）“of名詞所有格/名詞性物主代詞”,稱為雙重所有格,如：afriendofmyfather’s（我父親的一位朋友 ）,afriendofmine（我的一位朋友 ）短語(yǔ)翻譯：我的的爺爺 2.杰姆的房間我奶奶的錢包 4.那些學(xué)生的書(shū)5.這些工人的外套 6.那些小孩的父母7.那些男人的帽子 8.那間教室的窗戶9.海倫的同學(xué) 10.這些男孩的床11.湯姆的姑父 12.我兄弟的鋼筆13.那些老師的書(shū)桌 14.這些醫(yī)生的杯子15.那些女孩的座位 16.那些女人的自行車17.那些警察的褲子 18.那個(gè)書(shū)包的顏色小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)要點(diǎn)2代詞一代詞：代詞是代替名詞以及起名詞作用的短語(yǔ)、分句和句子的詞。二代詞的種類：人稱代詞和物主代詞1、人稱代詞主格和賓格的區(qū)別：主格通常位于句中第一個(gè)動(dòng)詞之前（有時(shí)候位于than之后），賓格一般位于動(dòng)詞或介詞之后。2、物主代詞形容詞性與名詞性的區(qū)別：形容詞性用時(shí)后面一般要帶上名詞，名詞性則單獨(dú)使用，后面不帶名詞。人稱代詞物主代詞主格賓格形容詞性名詞性我Ime我的mymine你，你們 youyou你的，你們的 youryours他hehim他的hishis她sheher她的herhers它itit它的itsits我們 weus我們的ourours他(她，它)們theythem他(她，它)們的theirtheirs單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)人稱代詞主格I,you,he,she,it,we,you,they賓格me,you,him,her,it,us,you,them物主代詞形容詞性的物主代詞my,your,his,her,its,our,your,their名詞性的物主代詞 mine,yours,his,hers,its,ours,yours,theirs反身代詞 myself,yourself,himself,herself,itself,ourselves,yourselves,themselves...相互代詞有：eachother,oneanother...指示代詞： this,that,these,those ,疑問(wèn)代詞 who,what,whose...關(guān)系代詞 which,that,who,whom...連接代詞 what,who,whose...不定代詞沒(méi)有指明代替任何特定名詞或形容詞的代詞叫做不定代詞all,each,both,either,neither,one,any...三.代詞的使用方法人稱代詞是表示“我”、“你”、“他”、“她”、“它”、“我們”、“你們”、“他們”的詞。人稱代詞有人稱、數(shù)和格的變化。物主代詞表示所有關(guān)系的代詞，也可叫做代詞所有格。物主代詞分形容性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞二種。表示“我自己”、“你自己”、“他自己”、“我們自己”、“你們自己”和“他們自己”等的代詞，叫做自身代詞，也稱為“反身代詞”。注意：在連續(xù)使用兩個(gè)以上人稱代詞時(shí)，通常單數(shù) you放在第一位，I放在最后；復(fù)數(shù)we放在第一位，they放在最后。簡(jiǎn)單記成：?jiǎn)螖?shù)2,3,1,復(fù)數(shù)1,2,3。都是三人稱，女后男在先。例如：YouandIcanhelpeachother.Theycouldn‘thaveseenTomandmethere.You,TomandIareleavingnextmonth.Youortheymustpasstheexam.We,youandtheyshouldgotheretogether.練習(xí)題：Thatisnot kite.Thatkiteisverysmall,but isverybig.(I)Thedressis .Giveitto .(she)Isthis watch?(you)No,it’snot .(I) ismybrother. nameisJack.Look!Thosestampsare .(he) dressesarered.(we)Whatcolourare ?(you)Herearemany