課時(shí)作業(yè)（四）必修一Unit4Lookinggood,feelinggoodI.閱讀理解（2022·煙臺(tái)市高三質(zhì)檢）OneinfivechildrenstartingprimaryschoolintheUKareoverweight.Bythetimetheyleaveschool,thatfigurewillrisetooneinthree.Thechanceofthembeingoverweightinadulthood,whichbringsarangeofassociatedhealthrisks,ishigh,at50%-75%.Therootcauseofdiet-relatedfatnessisnosecret:anenergyimbalancebetweenthequantityoffoodbeingconsumedandthelevelofphysicalactivitybeingconducted.Addressingthisimbalanceneedstobe,inpart,areviewofourdiet.Morefreshingredients(原料)especiallyfruitandvegetables,lessprocessedfoodsandfeweradditives(添加劑)areallimportantfactorsinbuildingabalanceddiet.TheDepartmentofHealthhasrecognizedthatacollectiveapproach,ratherthanjustindividualbehaviourchange,isasuccessfulwayofachievingthis.Universaladjustmentslikeablanketdecreaseinsugarcontentinfluencethewayweeatthroughthechoicesavailabletous.Applyingthisapproachtoschoolkitchensmakessense.Theyhaveanimportantroletoplayinmaintaininghealthydiets.Offeringaschoolmenupackedwithfreshingredientsandwithoutartificialadditivesmakesadirectandeffectiveimpactonwhatchildreneatatschool.It’sanareatheSoilAssociationconsistentlyworkstohandlethroughitsFoodforLifeprogram—workingwithschoolstotransformfoodculture,improvefoodeducationandencouragelastingchangestothewayschoolsthinkaboutfood.Itworks.InFoodforLifeschools,pupilsareathirdlesslikelytoeatnofruitorvegetablesthanthoseincomparisonschools.OnewayforschoolstogetinvolvedisaFoodforLifeServedHereaward,whichmeansatleast75%ofdishesarepreparedonsiteusingfreshingredients.Itencourageslocalseasonalproduceand,atsilverorgoldlevel,requiresacommitmenttoenvironmentallyfriendlyproduce.Atitsheart,theawardisdesignedtosupporthealthandenhancefoodunderstanding.Over50%ofEnglishprimaryschoolshavesuchanawardalready,servingaround1.7millionmealseachdaytoover10,000schoolsandit’safigurewe’llseegrow.1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“Addressing”inParagraph2mean?A.Tackling. B.Ignoring. C.Maintaining. D.Postponing.2.Whichapproachwillworkforstudentstobuildabalanceddiet?A.Stoppingthemeatingaloneinschools. B.Gettingthemawareoftheharmoffatness.C.Ensuringhealthyrecipesonschoolmenus. D.Increasingtheavailabilityandflavouroffood.3.WhatcanwesayabouttheFoodforLifeprogram?A.It’saheavyloadonschools. B.It’scomplicatedtooperate.C.It’satemporaryproject. D.It’safruitfulattempt.4.WhichtypeoffoodmaytheFoodforLifeServedHereawardpromote?A.Sugarysnacks. B.First-classsausages.C.High-qualityimportedbeef. D.Freshlypickedorganicbeans.II.閱讀七選五（2022·洛陽(yáng)市統(tǒng)考）Canyoutellthedifferencebetweenaglassofregularanddietsoda?No,youcan’t.1.That’swherethetroublestarts.Untilrecently,everythingwehaveeatencontainssomeamountofcalories.Sowhenwedrinkdietsoda,thesweetnesstricksourbodyintothinkingit’srealsugarbutwhenthoseenergy-packedcaloriesdon’tarrive,theinsulininourbrainhasnothingtostore.2.It’scalledmetabolicsyndrome,whichisamixofconditionsthatincludeincreasedbloodpressure,highbloodsugarandweightgainwhichcanincreasetheriskofdiabetes,heartdiseaseandstrokes.Whiledrinkingdietsodawiththemealmaysoundlikeatastycalorie-freealternativetoplainwater,thismaybetheworsttimetodrinkitbecausethecheatingcaloriesinthedietsodacouldfinallydestroytherealcalorieswemetabolize.3.Anotherproblemcouldbethefactthatartificialsweetenersindietsodacanbe10to100timessweeterthansugar.4.It’slikewhenyougotoapartyexpectingloadsoffoodandyouendupwithahandfulofvegetables.You’releftunsatisfiedandhungry.Inthesameway,artificialsweetenerscanleaveourbrainswantingmore,whichleadstoincreasedappetiteandpotentialweightgain.5,maybejuststicktowater.A.Asitturnsout,neithercanyourbodyB.No,thiswasdietsodaanditwasawesomeC.WhenyougotoapartyexpectingloadsoffoodD.DrinkingdietsodaisassociatedwithadiseaseE.Soifyou’redrinkingdietsodatodropafewpoundsF.AnditpotentiallyleavesextracaloriesbehindwhichwethenstoreasfatG.Sowhenwetasteit,ourbrainsexpectmorecaloriesthanwhatwegiveitIII.語(yǔ)法填空（2022·昆明市質(zhì)檢）Atpresent,thetake-outindustryhasbecomeapopularconsumptionpattern.Apartfrom1(buy)foodfromtake-outstores,consumerscanorderfoodatdifferenttimesandinmultipleplaces2thehelpofthenetwork.Whilewetendtothinkoftake-outfoodassomethingoriginatinginthemodernera(時(shí)代)asaresultofour“toobusytopreparemyownmeal”lifestyle,the3(true)isquitetheopposite.Theconceptoftake-outfoodcanbetracedbacktobothancientGreeceandancientRome.IntheancientGreco-Romanworld,eatingathomewashighly4(usual)forpoorpeople.Becausethesepeoplecouldnotaffordaprivatekitchenintheirhousetocookmealsfor5(they),theyhadtobuy6(prepare)foodfrommarketandroadsidestalls.Thus,7wascalled“thermopolium”cameintobeing.Thewordthermopoliumliterallymeant“aplacewheresomethinghot8(sell)”atthattime.Itwaseitheranancientformofatake-outrestaurant9anoutdoorservicecounterthatofferedready-to-eatfood.Overtheyears,archaeologistshave10(constant)discoveredanumberofthermopoliainPomeiiandHerculaneum,twotownsthatweredestroyedbytheeruptionofMountVesuvius.Inonethermopolium,theremainsofclothbagscontainingaroundonethousandcoinswerediscovered,certainlyshowingthepopularityoftheestablishment.IV.寫(xiě)作閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。（2022·湖北黃岡高三質(zhì)檢）Theraincamedownsteadyandhard.JasonStoriehearditbutwasnotworriedashepreparedforadayofcavingwithfivefriendsinaremotespot80milesnorthwestofhishomeinDuncan,onCanada’sVancouverIsland.Itwas6a.m.onDecember5,2015.Asanewcomertothesport,Jasonhadgonecavingonlyfourtimes.Thiswouldbehistoughestoutingyet:acavecalledCascade.Itwasdangerousenoughthattheentrancewasblockedbyalockedmetaldoortokeepthecasualcaversout.Aboutamilelongand338feetdeep,Cascadewasfullofturnsandbarelypassable.Jasonwasnewamongthegroup,withtheleastexperienceand,at43,olderbyadecadeormore.ItwashisfriendAndrewMunoz,33,whointroducedhimtothesport.UnlikeJason,Andrewwasanexpertcaver—aformercavingguide,actually.Theyhikedabitbeforecomingtothedoor,whichsatintheground—you’dmissitifyouweren’tlookingforit.Itwas10a.m.Withtheirwaylightedbyheadlamps,theywalkeddownanarrowpassagestuddedwithsharprocks.Thesilencewasbrokenbyadrip,drip,dripfromabove.Soonthedripturnedintoalightbutsteadyflow,andtheywerewadinginwateruptotheirankles,thentotheirshins.Twohourslater,theyapproachedoneofthefeaturesthatmadethecaveunique:anarrowpassagenotbigenoughtostandupinthatledintoashort,tightdownhill.Thishadaname:Bastard’sCrawl.Fourstreamsmethere,andindeed,thewaterwasflowingmorequickly.Thesoundofthewaterhadturnedintoaroar.WhentheyfinallynearedthetopofBastard’sCrawl,therewerebarelyfourinchesofairleftbetweenthewaterandtheceiling,notenoughforthemtokeeptheirheadsuptobreathe.Theycametoterrifyingrealizationthattheywereindanger!注意：1.續(xù)寫(xiě)詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式作答。Thewaterkeptrising,andtherewasnohopeofrescue.Slowlybutsteadily,thegroupmadetheirwayforward.課時(shí)作業(yè)（四）答案I.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。英國(guó)兒童超重問(wèn)題嚴(yán)重，這會(huì)帶來(lái)一系列與健康相關(guān)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。為此，英國(guó)衛(wèi)生署制定了一些措施來(lái)改變學(xué)生們的飲食，以保證他們的健康。1.A詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一、二段內(nèi)容可知，畫(huà)線詞所在句表示“解決這種不平衡的辦法”。Addressing意為“解決，處理”，與A項(xiàng)意義一致。2.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第三句可知，保證學(xué)校菜單上的食譜是健康的能夠幫助學(xué)生建立均衡的飲食。3.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段最后一句可知，F(xiàn)oodforLife學(xué)校的學(xué)生們不吃水果或蔬菜的可能性比其他學(xué)校的學(xué)生低三分之一。由此可推知，F(xiàn)oodforLife計(jì)劃是一次卓有成效的嘗試。4.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段第一句可知，該獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)推廣的是用新鮮食材現(xiàn)場(chǎng)制作的菜肴。II.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了飲用無(wú)糖汽水可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致疾病和體重增加等。1.A文章首句提出了關(guān)于一杯普通汽水和無(wú)糖汽水的區(qū)別的問(wèn)題，并回答了你不能識(shí)別；空后則說(shuō)這是麻煩的開(kāi)始，故A項(xiàng)（結(jié)果證明，你的身體也不能）符合語(yǔ)境。2.D空后講述代謝綜合征，包括血壓升高、血糖升高和體重增加，這些都會(huì)增加患糖尿病、心臟病和中風(fēng)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。由此可推知，飲用無(wú)糖汽水可能導(dǎo)致疾病。故D項(xiàng)（飲用無(wú)糖汽水可能導(dǎo)致疾?。┓险Z(yǔ)境。3.F空前提到無(wú)糖汽水中的“欺騙”卡路里最終可能會(huì)破壞我們代謝的真正卡路里，空處應(yīng)承接上文繼續(xù)說(shuō)明這種“欺騙”卡路里對(duì)身體的負(fù)面影響。故F項(xiàng)（且它可能會(huì)留下額外的熱量，我們的身體隨后會(huì)將其儲(chǔ)存為脂肪）符合語(yǔ)境。4.G空后用去參加派對(duì)期望有很多食物，結(jié)果你只吃了一把蔬菜作為比喻，由此可見(jiàn)，品嘗無(wú)糖汽水時(shí)，與我們提供的卡路里相比，我們的大腦期望得到比我們提供的更多的卡路里。5.E空前講述人造甜味劑會(huì)導(dǎo)致食欲增加和潛在的體重增加，空后建議僅僅堅(jiān)持喝水，故E項(xiàng)（所以如果你喝無(wú)糖汽水是為了減掉幾磅）承上啟下，符合語(yǔ)境。III.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。外賣(mài)食品看似是現(xiàn)代產(chǎn)物，但早在古希臘與古羅馬時(shí)期就已出現(xiàn)，并且廣受歡迎。1.buying考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。from為介詞，其后跟動(dòng)詞-ing形式，故填buying.2.with考查介詞。withthehelpof...為固定搭配，意為“在······的幫助下”，故填with。3.truth考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)換?？仗幾髦髡Z(yǔ)，結(jié)合空前的the可知，此處應(yīng)用名詞形式，故填truth.4.unusual考查形容詞。根據(jù)下文語(yǔ)境可知，窮人負(fù)擔(dān)不起為自己做飯的私人廚房，因此窮人在家吃飯是非常不常見(jiàn)的，故填unusual.5.themselves考查代詞。此處是指為他們自己做飯，故填themselves.6.prepared考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此處為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)，且food與prepare之間為邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故填prepared.7.what考查主語(yǔ)從句。空處引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句并在從句中作主語(yǔ)，故填what.8.issold考查時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致。引號(hào)里的內(nèi)容是在解釋單詞thermopolium的意思，為客觀事實(shí)，此處應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；熱的東西