高中語法專題（二）狀語從句狀語從句時間狀語從句原因狀語從句地點狀語從句目的狀語從句結(jié)果狀語從句條件狀語從句讓步狀語從句比較狀語從句方式狀語從句時間狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞whenwheneveraswhilebeforeafteruntil(till)sinceassoonasonceeach/everytimenexttimethefirsttimethemomenttheminuteinstantlyimmediatelydirectly

(一…就…)nosooner…thanhardly/scarcely…when1)when的用法：sbwasdoing…when…正在做某事….突然發(fā)生另一件事sbbeabouttodo…when…正要做….突然發(fā)生另一件事sbhaddone…when…剛做完某事….突然發(fā)生另一件事2.)幾種特殊句型與強調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)的區(qū)別：

Itis/was+具體時間點+when…那是在…時…發(fā)生的Itis/hasbeen+時段+since…自從…以來過了多久了Itwillbe/was+時段+before(現(xiàn)在時/過去時)要過/已經(jīng)過了多久才Itis/was+時間狀語+that…就是在…時間發(fā)生的某事，是強調(diào)句3).before的用法：

A：表“還未來得及…就…”

B：表“過一段時間才…”，4).在not…until結(jié)構(gòu)中，謂語用短暫性動詞，“直到…才”;肯定句中謂語為延續(xù)性動詞，用until表“一直持續(xù)到…”?？疾橹攸c5)nosooner…thanhardly/scarcely…when剛……就A.時態(tài)：主句用過去完成時（had+pp）

從句用一般過去時B.倒裝：nosooner/hardly/scarcely放句首，主句要到裝Shehad

nosooner

arrivedatthestationthanthetrainstartedtomove.Nosoonerhadshearrivedatthestationthan….Hehad

hardly

enteredthehotelwhenitbegantosnow.Hardlyhadheenteredthehotel

whenitbegantosnow1.Weweretoldthatweshouldfollowthemainroad____wereachedthecentralrailwaystation.(2004遼寧)

A.wheneverB.untilC.whileD.wherever2.Itisalmostfiveyears____wesaweachotherlasttime.(2005北京)

A.before

B.sinceC.after

D.when3.Simonthoughthiscomputerwasbroken_____hislittlebrotherpointedoutthathehadforgottentoturniton.(2005北京春)

A.untilB.unlessC.after

D.because4.TheAmericanCivilWarlastedfouryears____theNorthwonintheend.(2005廣東30)

A.afterB.before

C.whenD.then5.--DidJackcomebackearlylastnight？(2005福建)--Yes.Itwasnotyeteighto'clock_____hearrivedhome.A.before

B.whenC.that

D.until6.Wewereswimminginthelake____suddenlythestormstarted

A.when

B.while

C.until

D.before(2004北京春)BBABBA原因狀語從句because,since,as,for,now(that),considering(that),seeing(that)考慮到／鑒于鑒于／由于／因為考查重點because,since,as,forbecause—直接原因，非推斷．語氣最強．回答whysince–通常放句首．譯為“既然”as–不談自明的原因，語氣最弱．for–放句中，對前面一句話的內(nèi)容的補充說明

。1.Parentsshouldtakeseriouslytheirchildren'srequestsforsunglasses____eyeprotectionisnecessaryinsunnyweather.(2004上海)

A.because

B.thoughC.unlessD.if2.JennywasverysadoverthelossofthephotosshehadshotatCanada,____thiswasamemorysheespeciallytreasured.(2006廣東)

A.as

B.ifC.whenD.whereAA地點狀語從句由where.wherever引導(dǎo)。where指“在某個地方”，wherever指“無論哪里，在任何一個地方”，在使用時：一要注意兩者的含義區(qū)別。二要注意狀語從句和定語從句的區(qū)別。三要注意在狀語從句中不可使用介詞+which引導(dǎo)。出題者既考狀語從句又考定語從句和狀語從句的區(qū)別。還加入名詞性從句這一干擾項。地點狀語從句1.Ifyouaretraveling____thecustomsarereallyforeigntoyourown，pleasedoastheRomansdo.(2006天津)

A.inwhich

B.whatC.whenD.where2.Inpeace，too，theRedCrossisexpectedtosendhelp___thereishumansuffering.A.whoever

B.however

C.whatever

D.wherever(06江西)3.--Mom，whatdidyourdoctorsay？(2006四川)--Headvisedmetolive____theairisfresher.A.inwhere

B.inwhich

C.theplacewhere

D.whereDDD目的狀語從句和結(jié)果狀語從句引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句連詞有：incase,sothat,inorderthat,forfearthat。sothat引導(dǎo)狀語從句只能置于主句之后。Inorderthat引導(dǎo)狀語從句可放主句之前或之后。目的狀語從句的謂語常含有can，could，may，might情態(tài)動詞。這也是與結(jié)果狀語從句的一個區(qū)別。引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句的連詞有：sothat，so…that，such…that.結(jié)果狀語放在主句之后。

注意：在so…that，such…that結(jié)構(gòu)中一般成分齊全。這也是與as引導(dǎo)定語從句的區(qū)別。在so…as，such…as這一結(jié)構(gòu)中，as引導(dǎo)定語從句，在句中做成分。1.Rosesneedspecialcare____theycanlivethroughwinter.A.because

B.sothatC.even

D.as(04全國卷I)2.I'dliketoarrive20minutesearly____Icanhavetimeforacupoftea.(2005北京)

A.assoonasB.asaresult

C.incase

D.sothat3.You'dbettertakesomethingtoreadwhenyougotoseethedoctor____youhavetowait.(2005廣東)

A.evenifB.asifC.incaseD.inorderthat4.Hisplanwassuchagoodone____weallagreedtoacceptit.

A.so

B.and

C.that

D.as(2006陜西)BDCC條件狀語從句

ifas/solongas

asfarasunlessincase（如果）suppose/supposing(that)Providing/provided(that)onconditionthatgiven(that)

條件狀語從句一般考查三點：1)在條件狀語從句中常用一般現(xiàn)在時表示一般將來時，用一般過去時表過去將來時。

2)if，unless，incase是考查重點。3)when還可表條件，這一點不可忽視。意思是：既然，考慮到。如：

Howcantheylearnanythingwhentheyspendalltheirsparetimewatchingtelevision？他們把所有空閑的時間都用來看電視了，還能學(xué)到什么東西呢？1._____youcallmetosayyou'renotcoming，I'llseeyouatthetheatre.(2004吉林)

A.Though

B.WhetherC.UntilD.Unless2.---Whatwouldyoudoifit___tomorrow？---Wehavetocarryiton，sincewe'vegoteverythingready.A.rain

B.rainsC.willrainD.israining(05全國)3.Youmustkeeponworkingintheevening____youaresureyoucanfinishthetaskintime.(2005安徽)

A.asB.ifC.when

D.unless4._______you'vetriedit，youcan'timaginehowpleasantitis

A.Unless

B.Because

C.Although

D.When(06北京)5.Intimeofseriousaccidents，____weknowsomebasicthingsaboutfirstaid，wecansavelives.(2006重慶)

A.whether

B.until

C.if

D.unlessDBDAC讓步狀語從句讓步狀語從句的連詞有：though/although“盡管”，evenif/eventhough“即使”，nomatterhow(what，when，which，who，where)，however(whatever，whenever，whichever，whoever，wherever),as“盡管”1)although與though可互換，都可以與yet，still連用，但不能和but連用。2)However引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時后緊跟形容詞或副詞。3)While也可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，這一點特容易被考生忽視。4)Whatever修飾名詞，“無論什么”，however修飾形容詞、副詞，“無論多么，無論怎么”。5)evenif/eventhough(即使)與asif/asthough(好像)這兩組學(xué)生容易混淆，也是出題者關(guān)注的對象，平時要記準(zhǔn)含義。1.____，Ihavetoputitawayandfocusmyattentiononstudythisweek.(04上海春)

A.HoweverthestoryisamusingB.NomatteramusingthestoryisC.HoweveramusingthestoryisD.Nomatterhowthestoryisamusing2.____Iacceptthatheisnotperfect，Idoactuallyliketheperson.(04江蘇)

A.While

B.SinceC.BeforeD.Unless3.Youshouldtrytogetagoodnight'ssleep_____muchworkyouhavetodo.(04湖北)

A.however

B.nomatter

C.although

D.whatever4.Hetriedhisbesttosolvetheproblem，_____difficultitwas.(05天津)

A.however

B.nomatter

C.whatever

D.although5.Allowchildrenthespacetovoicetheiropinion，_____theyaredifferentfromyourown.(05湖南)

A.untilB.evenifC.unless

D.asthough6.Theoldtowermustbesaved，________thecost.(05浙江)

A.however

B.whateverC.whicheverD.wherever7.___hehaslimitedtechnicalknowledge，theoldworkerhasalotofexperienceA.SinceB.UnlessC.As

D.Although.(06全國卷I)CAAABBD比較狀語從句方式狀語從句as／likeasif/asthoughthan/as—注意省略Theprojectwascompletedearlierthan(itwas)expected.Heworkedasfastasaskilledworker(worked).Repeatthisasoftenas(it)isnecessary.Thenseeadoctorassoonas(itis)possible.Doyouhavetofeedplantslikeyoufeedchickens?DoitlikeItellyou.（1）連詞+過去分詞Don’tspeakuntilspokento.Pressurecanbeincreasedwhenneeded.Unlessrepaired,thewashingmachineisnouse.（2）連詞+現(xiàn)在分詞Lookoutwhilecrossingthestreet.（3）連詞+