2015 英 —閱讀理解精講（理工類 C級第7SugarPowerforCell【用糖 發(fā)電 Loomvi.迫近 Arsenicn.砷

n.煙，氣，汽carbondioxide二氧化碳 n.灰漿，水泥漿

n.煤煙，油煙、 adj.在進(jìn)行中的 短語課前預(yù)知（注釋loomingcatastropheloom“toseemimminent;toimpend”(看似即將發(fā)生；迫近）apanel:意為“agroupofpeoplegatheredtoplanordiscussDenver:丹佛 短語課前預(yù)知（注釋Onitsown“independentofoutsidehelpCoalstockpiles煤堆upto相當(dāng) thinmortar稀砂漿，稀灰漿cutoffOnceunderwayunderway:正在進(jìn)行（工作） 意為“toholdorkeepwithinlimits Usingenzymescommonlyfoundinlivingcells,anewtypeoffuelCellproducessmallamountsofelectricityfromsugar.Ifthetechnologyisabletosucceedinmassproduction,youmaysomedayshareyoursweetdrinkswithyourcellphone. Infuelcells,chemicalreactionsgenerateelectricalcurrents.Theprocessusuallyreliesonpreciousmetals,suchasplatinum.Inlivingcells,enzymesperformasimilarjob,breakingdownsugarstoobtainelectronsandproduceenergy. Whenresearcherspreviouslyusedenzymesinfuelceils,theyhadtroublekee themactive,saysSeyD.MinteerofStLouisUniverslty1.Whereasbiologicalcellscontinuallyproducefreshenzymes,there'snomechanisminfuelcellstoreplaceenzymesastheyquicklydegrade. MinteerandTamaraKlotzbach,alsoofStLouisUniversity,havenowdevelopedpolymersthatwraparoundanenzymeandpreserveitinapocket."Wetailorthesepocketstoprovidetheidealmicroenvironment"fortheenzyme,Minteersays.Thepolymerskeeptheenzymeactiveformonthsinsteadof Inthenewfuelcell,tinypolymerbagsofenzymeareembeddedinamembranethatcoatsoneoftheelectrodes.Whenglucosefromasugaryliquidgetsintoapocket,theenzymeoxidizesit,releasingelectronsandprotons.Theelectronscrossthemembraneandenterawirethroughwhichtheytraveltotheotherelectrode,wheretheyreactwithoxygenintheatmospheretoproducewater.Theflowofelectronsthroughthewireconstitutesanelectricalcurrentthatcangeneratepower. Sofar,thenewfuelcellsdon'tproducemuchpower,butthefactthattheyworkatallisexciting,saysPaulKenis,achemicalengineerattheUniversityofIllinois2atUrbana‐Champaign3."Justgettingittowork,"Kenissays,"isamajor plishment." Sugar‐eatingfuelcellscouldbeanefficientwaytomakeelectricity.Sugariseasytofind.Andthenewfuelcellsthatrunonitarebiodegradable,sothetechnologywouldn'thurttheenvironment.Thescientistsarenowtryingtousedifferentenzymesthatwillgetmorepowerfromsugar.Theypredictthatpopularproductsmayheusingthenewtechnologyinaslittleas3years. Accordingtothefirstparagraph,whencanweshareoursweetdrinkswithourcellphones?AWhenenzymescanbecommonlyfoundinlivingBWhenthetechnologyofproducinganewtypeoffuelcellappears.CWhenthetechnologyofanewtypeoffuelcellissuitableformassproduction.DWhenthetechnologyofmassproducingcellphones WhattroubledidMinteerandKlotzBachhaveintheirresearch?ATheyhadtrouble enzymesinfuelcellsBTheyhadtrouble biologicalcellsCTheyhadtroubleproducingfreshDTheyhadtroublefindingmechanismforproducing AccordingtoParagraph5,electronsare AwhenbagsofenzymeareembeddedinthenewfuelBwhenglucosefromasugaryliquidgoesthroughtheCwhentheenzymeoxidizestheglucosefromasugaryliquidthatgoesthroughapocket.Dwhentheenzymeoxidizesthesugaryliquidthatgoesthroughapocket. WhatisexcitingaboutthenewfuelATheirlimitlesspowergenerationcapacityisBTheirlimitedpowergenerationcapacityisagoodCTheirlimitedpowergenerationcapacityistheresultofgreatefforts.DTheirlimitlesspowergenerationcapacityisamajor Accordingtothelastparagraph,whatisNOTtrueofthenewfuelcells?AThenewfuelcellsrunonsugarthatiseasytoBThenewfuelcellsareenvironmentCThenewfuelCellsarebiologicallyDItwilltakesometimebeforethenewfuelcellscanbeusedinpopularproducts. 文章中文用糖 發(fā) eyD．Minteer說，以前研究人員 在新 。電子穿過薄膜進(jìn)入一根導(dǎo)線并通過這根導(dǎo)線到達(dá)其他電子。導(dǎo)線中的電子與 大學(xué)Urbana‐Champaign校區(qū)的化學(xué)工程師PaulKenis ，目前這種新型消耗糖的細(xì)胞有可能成為高效的發(fā)電工具。糖容易得到，而且消耗糖的新型細(xì)胞可生物降解，因此這項技術(shù)不會損害環(huán)境。目前，科學(xué)家們正試圖利用別的能從糖中產(chǎn)生電的酶。 C級第8

EiffelIsan【引人注目 鐵塔

n.電

n

electron電

v.降 glucosen.葡萄

adj.能進(jìn)行生物降解 proton質(zhì) v.埋置，插 microenvironment微環(huán) Some300metersup,neartheEiffelTower’swind‐whippedsummittheworldcomestoscribble.Japanese,Brazilians.Americans—theygraffititheirnames,lovesandpoliticsonthecoldiron—transformingthemostFrenchofmonumentsintosymbolofaworldonthemove. WithPairslaidoutinminiaturebelow,itseemsstrangethatvisitorswouldratherwastetimemarkingtheirpresencethanadmiringtheview.Butthegraffitialsoraisesaquestion:Why,nearly114yearsafteritwascompleted,anddecadesafteritceasedtobetheworld’stalleststructure,islaTourEiffelstillsopopular? Thereasonsareascomplexastheironworkthatgracesastructuresome90storieshigh.Butpartoftheansweris,nodoubt,itsagelessness,regularlymaintained,itshouldneverrustaway.Graffitiisregularlypaintedover,butthetowerliveson. “EiffelrepresentsParisandParisisFrance.Itisverysymbolic,”saysHuguesRichard,a31‐year‐oldFrenanwhoholdstherecordforcyclinguptothetower’ssecondfloor—747stepsin19minutesand4seconds,withouttouchingthefloorwithhisfeet.“It’sironlady,itinspiresus,”hesays. Buttowhat?Afterall,thetowerdoesn’thaveapurpose.Itceasedtobetheworld’stallestin1930whentheChryslerBuildingwentupinNewYork.Yes,evisionandradiosignalsarebeamedfromthetop,andGustaveEiffel,afreneticbuilderwhodiedonDecember27,aged91,useditsheightforconducting Butinessencethetowerinspiressimplybybeingthere‐‐‐ablankcanvasforvisitorstomakeofitwhattheywill.Tothetechnicallyminded,it’sanengineeringtriumph.Forlovers,it’sromantic.“Thetowerwilloutlastallofus,andbyalongway,”saysIsabelleEsnous,whosecompanymanagesEiffel WhydoestheauthorthinktheEiffelToweristransformedintosymbolofaworldofthemove?TouristsfromallovertheworldcometotheEiffelTowerbycarorbyplane.Touristsofallnationalitiescometoscribbleonthecoldironofthetower.TheEiffelToweristhetallestbuildingintheTeEiffelTowerrepresentsallthetowersintheworld. WhatseemsstrangetotheVisitorspreferwastingtimescribblingtoenjoyingtheVisitorsspendsmuchtimewatchingotherpeopleOnlyJapanese,BraziliansandAmericansliketomarktheirpresence.Scribblingspre