1、會(huì)計(jì)學(xué)1牛津牛津(ni jn)高中英語模塊高中英語模塊UnitGrammarandusage第一頁，共55頁。Grammar and usage第1頁/共55頁第二頁，共55頁。This lesson is boring. There are sleeping students in class. （表語（表語(bioy)）（定語（定語(dngy)）第2頁/共55頁第三頁，共55頁。Functions as an adjective: V-ing形式形式(xngsh)可以同形容詞一樣置于名詞可以同形容詞一樣置于名詞 之前修飾名詞。之前修飾名詞。 有時(shí)有時(shí)V-ing形式也可用副詞形式也可用副詞(

2、fc)修飾。修飾。 V-ing 形式亦可以同定語從句一樣置于形式亦可以同定語從句一樣置于 名詞之后名詞之后(zhhu)修飾名詞，可以轉(zhuǎn)化成定語從修飾名詞，可以轉(zhuǎn)化成定語從 句。句。 V-ing 形式可以用作表語或賓語的補(bǔ)形式可以用作表語或賓語的補(bǔ) 語。語。第3頁/共55頁第四頁，共55頁。4. The man who is running in the picture is Liu Xiang.2. The man running inthe picture is Liu Xiang.1. a running man3. The man running fastest got the firs

3、t place.Attribute:第4頁/共55頁第五頁，共55頁。小小 結(jié)結(jié): V-ing形式作定語形式作定語(dngy)可表示動(dòng)作可表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行（如例正在進(jìn)行（如例1、2）或表示和所修飾）或表示和所修飾詞之間有邏輯主動(dòng)關(guān)系（如例詞之間有邏輯主動(dòng)關(guān)系（如例3）。）。第5頁/共55頁第六頁，共55頁。 單個(gè)單個(gè)V-ing詞作定語修飾名詞詞作定語修飾名詞(mng c)一般置于名詞一般置于名詞(mng c)之前（如例之前（如例1）；）；V-ing詞組修飾名詞詞組修飾名詞(mng c)則置則置于名詞于名詞(mng c)之后（如例之后（如例2、3），），此時(shí)相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語從句（如例此時(shí)相當(dāng)于一個(gè)

4、定語從句（如例4）。）。第6頁/共55頁第七頁，共55頁。Rewrite the following sentences with attributive clauses.The teacher teaching us English is Ms Zhou. =The teacher who is teaching us English is Ms Zhou.第7頁/共55頁第八頁，共55頁。=The people who are sitting behind us are all teachers.=The expert who comes from Lishui is a lady cal

5、led Ms Cai.第8頁/共55頁第九頁，共55頁。Translate the following phrases.a reading rooma washing machinean exciting eveningan interesting crosstalk閱覽室閱覽室洗衣機(jī)洗衣機(jī)激動(dòng)人心的夜晚激動(dòng)人心的夜晚(ywn)有趣有趣(yuq)的的相聲相聲第9頁/共55頁第十頁，共55頁。a sleeping cara smoking room listening practice an opening speecha booking officerunning water臥鋪車臥鋪車吸煙室

6、吸煙室聽力聽力(tngl)練練習(xí)習(xí)開幕詞開幕詞售票處售票處自來水自來水第10頁/共55頁第十一頁，共55頁。 I heard the girl singing in the classroom. I noticed a long queue outside the bank waiting for it to open.Object Complement: The baby watched his dad shaving his face with great interest. We have the fire burning all day.第11頁/共55頁第十二頁，共55頁。V-ing

7、形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語置形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語置于賓語之后，表示一個(gè)正于賓語之后，表示一個(gè)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作（如例在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作（如例1、2、3），或強(qiáng)調(diào)一個(gè)過程），或強(qiáng)調(diào)一個(gè)過程(guchng)或一種狀態(tài)?；蛞环N狀態(tài)。（如例（如例4）小小 結(jié)結(jié) ：第12頁/共55頁第十三頁，共55頁。V-ing形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí)形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí)，往往同賓語存在邏輯，往往同賓語存在邏輯(lu j)主動(dòng)關(guān)系。主動(dòng)關(guān)系。第13頁/共55頁第十四頁，共55頁。V-ing形式作賓語補(bǔ)足形式作賓語補(bǔ)足(b z)語的常見語的常見動(dòng)詞：動(dòng)詞：make, let, have, keep, leave, see, watch, hear, n

8、otice, find, feel 等。等。第14頁/共55頁第十五頁，共55頁。PracticelivingcontainingFill in the blanks with the verb given in its proper form.第15頁/共55頁第十六頁，共55頁。sittingplayingdisappointing第16頁/共55頁第十七頁，共55頁。6. I saw them _(force) the door open with a hammer. 7. We heard them _ (quarrel) about money after the concert;

9、they looked very angry.8. I heard him _ (drop) lots of coins into the collecting tin. forcingquarrelingdropping第17頁/共55頁第十八頁，共55頁。performingshocking第18頁/共55頁第十九頁，共55頁。Function as an adverb:l 常用于常用于 stand, sit, lie 等動(dòng)詞等動(dòng)詞(dngc)之后表之后表 l 示伴隨的狀態(tài)。示伴隨的狀態(tài)。 l V-ing詞組詞組(cz)可以在句中充當(dāng)時(shí)間、原可以在句中充當(dāng)時(shí)間、原l 因、結(jié)果、條件等狀語。

10、因、結(jié)果、條件等狀語。第19頁/共55頁第二十頁，共55頁。1. 作時(shí)間狀語作時(shí)間狀語-ing短語作時(shí)間狀語要置于句首。如：短語作時(shí)間狀語要置于句首。如：Hearing the bad news, they couldnt help crying. =When they heard the bad news, they couldnt help crying. 當(dāng)聽到這個(gè)當(dāng)聽到這個(gè)(zh ge)不幸的消息時(shí)，他們情不幸的消息時(shí)，他們情不自禁地哭了起來。不自禁地哭了起來。第20頁/共55頁第二十一頁，共55頁。Having received his letter, I decided to wr

11、ite back. =After I had received his letter, I decided to write back. 收到他的信后，我決定給他回信。收到他的信后，我決定給他回信。 2. 作原因作原因(yunyn)狀語狀語-ing短語作原因短語作原因(yunyn)狀語置于句首狀語置于句首。如：。如：Being so angry, he couldnt go to sleep.第21頁/共55頁第二十二頁，共55頁。=Because he was so angry, he couldnt go to sleep. 因?yàn)樘鷼庖驗(yàn)樘鷼?shng q)了，他不能入睡。了，他不能入

12、睡。 Having been to the Great Wall many times, he didnt go last week. =Because (As) he had been to the Great Wall many times, he didnt go last week. 因?yàn)樗呀?jīng)去過長城許多次，上周他就沒因?yàn)樗呀?jīng)去過長城許多次，上周他就沒去。去。第22頁/共55頁第二十三頁，共55頁。3. 作條件狀語作條件狀語-ing作條件狀語置于句首或句末。如：作條件狀語置于句首或句末。如：Working hard, you will succeed. =If you work h

13、ard, you will succeed. 如果你勤奮如果你勤奮(qnfn)一點(diǎn)，你就會(huì)成功。一點(diǎn)，你就會(huì)成功。Being given more attention, the trees could have grown better.第23頁/共55頁第二十四頁，共55頁。=If they had been given more attention, the trees could have grown better. 如果對這些樹再多注如果對這些樹再多注意些，它們可能長得更好。意些，它們可能長得更好。4. 作讓步狀語作讓步狀語(zhungy) -ing短語作讓步狀語短語作讓步狀語(zhu

14、ngy)，可，可置于句首或置于句首或 句末，常與句末，常與even if, though 連用。如：連用。如：第24頁/共55頁第二十五頁，共55頁。Though working from morning till night, his father didnt get enough food.=Although his father worked from morning till night, he didnt get enough food. 雖然他父親從早到晚拼命地干活雖然他父親從早到晚拼命地干活(n hu)，但是他還是掙不到足夠的吃的。，但是他還是掙不到足夠的吃的。第25頁/共55頁

15、第二十六頁，共55頁。 5. 作伴隨狀語作伴隨狀語(zhungy)置于句首或句末。如：置于句首或句末。如：They came into the classroom, singing and laughing. =They sang and laughed; they came into the classroom. 他們又唱又笑地走進(jìn)教室。他們又唱又笑地走進(jìn)教室。第26頁/共55頁第二十七頁，共55頁。注意：注意：1. -ing短語與短語與when, while, though, until, if等連詞連用等連詞連用(linyng)時(shí)，相當(dāng)于這些時(shí)，相當(dāng)于這些連引導(dǎo)的一個(gè)從句。如：連引導(dǎo)的一

16、個(gè)從句。如：第27頁/共55頁第二十八頁，共55頁。第28頁/共55頁第二十九頁，共55頁。If playing all day, you will waste your valuable time. =If you play all day, you will waste your valuable time.Though raining heavily, it cleared up very soon. =Though it was raining heavily, it cleared up very soon.第29頁/共55頁第三十頁，共55頁。第30頁/共55頁第三十一頁，共55頁

17、。小小 結(jié)結(jié):l V-ing有其完成式有其完成式having done, 表示分表示分l 詞動(dòng)作發(fā)生于主句動(dòng)作之前。詞動(dòng)作發(fā)生于主句動(dòng)作之前。l 表示時(shí)間狀語時(shí)常同連詞表示時(shí)間狀語時(shí)常同連詞when, l whenever, while, once, until等連用等連用(linyng)。l 分詞作狀語時(shí)，其邏輯主語同主句的主分詞作狀語時(shí)，其邏輯主語同主句的主l 語一致且有邏輯主動(dòng)關(guān)系，往往可轉(zhuǎn)換語一致且有邏輯主動(dòng)關(guān)系，往往可轉(zhuǎn)換l 為相應(yīng)的狀語從句。為相應(yīng)的狀語從句。l V-ing形式的否定形式的否定not要置于要置于V-ing之前。之前。第31頁/共55頁第三十二頁，共55頁。Choos

18、e the correct sentence.第32頁/共55頁第三十三頁，共55頁。第33頁/共55頁第三十四頁，共55頁。-ing形式的否定形式的否定(fudng)式為在其前面加式為在其前面加not。如：如： He sat there, not knowing what to say.第34頁/共55頁第三十五頁，共55頁。Exercises第35頁/共55頁第三十六頁，共55頁。第36頁/共55頁第三十七頁，共55頁。第37頁/共55頁第三十八頁，共55頁。第38頁/共55頁第三十九頁，共55頁。第39頁/共55頁第四十頁，共55頁。第40頁/共55頁第四十一頁，共55頁。第41頁/共5

19、5頁第四十二頁，共55頁。第42頁/共55頁第四十三頁，共55頁。第43頁/共55頁第四十四頁，共55頁。高考鏈接高考鏈接(lin ji)1. We all found his argument convincing and interesting. (P28)考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn) V-ing形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語。形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語?？祭祭?A cook will be immediately fired if he is found _ in the kitchen. （NMET 2003）smoke B. smoking C. to smoke D. smoked.第44頁/共55頁第四十五頁，共55頁。

20、點(diǎn)撥點(diǎn)撥 選選B。he 和和smoke是邏輯上的主是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，所以用謂關(guān)系，所以用V-ing形式形式(xngsh)。該。該句中的句中的“he is found”是被動(dòng)語態(tài)，還原是被動(dòng)語態(tài)，還原成主動(dòng)語態(tài)應(yīng)該是成主動(dòng)語態(tài)應(yīng)該是“find him smoking”。第45頁/共55頁第四十六頁，共55頁。2. We are making bigger holes in the nets, hoping to avoid catching fish that are not fully grown.(P30)考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn) V-ing形式作原因狀語。相當(dāng)于一形式作原因狀語。相當(dāng)于一個(gè)由個(gè)由beca

21、use 引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo)(yndo)的原因狀語從的原因狀語從句。句。第46頁/共55頁第四十七頁，共55頁?？祭祭?We often provide our children with toys, footballs or basketballs, _ that all children like these things. (2006全國全國(qun u)卷卷III)A. thinking B. think C. to thinkD. thought點(diǎn)撥點(diǎn)撥 選選A。we 與與think 之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。句子相當(dāng)于：系。句子相當(dāng)于：We often provide ou

22、r children with toys, footballs or basketballs, because we think that all children like these things.第47頁/共55頁第四十八頁，共55頁。3. He travelled on the plane like this, keeping the tortoise hidden in a blanket. (P30)考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn) 當(dāng)分詞作狀語時(shí)，分詞的邏輯主當(dāng)分詞作狀語時(shí)，分詞的邏輯主語必須語必須(bx)與句子的主語保持一致。與句子的主語保持一致。第48頁/共55頁第四十九頁，共55頁。考例考例 While watching television, _. （2005全國全國(qun u)卷卷II）A the doorbell rang B the doorbell ringsC we heard the doorbell ringD we h