Mamma and perineum乳房和會(huì)陰,.Mamma 乳房,The mamma is present in both male and female. However the mamma of male does not develop. So we just talk about the mamma of female.,The mammary glands begin to develop and grow rapidly at puberty. During pregnancy and lactation, they are developing and secreting milk to nourish newborn baby.,(1) The location and features of mamma,Areolar gland 乳暈腺,mamma,Areola of breast 乳暈,nipple乳頭,(2)The structure of mamma,The mamma is composed of skin, subcutaneous fat, connective tissue and mammary gland.,nipple,Areola of breast,Skin of mamma,adipose tissue of breast,Lobule of mammary gland,Lactiferous duct,Lactiferous sinus,Areolar gland,乳頭,乳暈,乳暈腺,乳腺小葉,輸乳管,輸乳管竇,乳房脂肪體,乳房皮膚,nipple,Sagittal section of female mamma,adipose tissue of breast,Lobule of mammary gland,Lactiferous duct,Lactiferous sinus,Pectoralis major,intercostales,Orifice of Lactiferous duct,Suspensory lig. of breast,Fascia of Pectoralis major,胸大肌,胸大肌筋膜,乳腺小葉,輸乳管,輸乳管竇,乳頭孔,乳頭,乳房脂肪體,乳房懸韌帶,.Perineum 會(huì)陰1. The conception of perineum,The perineum has broad and narrow senses of perineum. The broad sense of perineum means the all soft tissues that close the inferior orifice of the pelvis. The perineum in anatomy is the broad sense of perineum.,The narrow sense of perineum means the soft tissue structure between the external genital organs of female and anus, it is also called obstetrical perineum (產(chǎn)科會(huì)陰).,2.The parts of perineum (1)Urogenital triangle (2)Anal triangle,Urogenital triangle,Anal triangle,Ischial tuberosity,Broad sense of perineum,Urogenital triangle,Anal triangle,Ischial tuberosity,Broad sense of perineum,Urogenital triangle,Anal triangle,Ischial tuberosity,Broad sense of perineum,尿生殖三角,肛三角,坐骨節(jié)結(jié),廣義會(huì)陰,Vaginal vestibule,Orifice of vagina,anus,Lesser lip of pudendum,Orifice of urethra,clitoris,Narrow sense of perineum (obstetrical perineum),Narrow sense of perineum,產(chǎn)科會(huì)陰,陰道口,肛門,狹義會(huì)陰(產(chǎn)科會(huì)陰),ischiocavernosus,Levator ani,Sphincter ani externus,Gluteus maximus,Superficial transverse m. of perineum,anus,bulbocavernosus,Ischial tuberosity,Perineal central tendon,deep transverse m. of perineum,Ischioanal fossa,坐骨海綿體肌,肛提肌,肛門外括約肌,臀大肌,會(huì)陰淺橫肌,肛門,球骨海綿體肌,會(huì)陰深橫肌,坐骨結(jié)節(jié),會(huì)陰中心腱,ischiocavernosus,Levator ani,Sphincter ani externus,Gluteus maximus,Superficial transverse m. of perineum,anus,Ischial tuberosity,Perineal central tendon,Inferior fascia of urogenital diaphragm,Ischioanal fossa,Sphincter of vagina,Bulb of vestibule,ischiocavernosus,Levator ani,Sphincter ani externus,Gluteus maximus,Superficial transverse m. of perineum,anus,Ischial tuberosity,Perineal central tendon,Inferior fascia of urogenital diaphragm,Ischioanal fossa,Bulb of vestibule,Vaginal vestibule,Orifice of vagina,hymen,Lesser lip of pudentum,Orifice of urethra,Greater vestibular gland,Head of clitoris,Bulb of vestibule,Orifice of greater vestibular gland,陰道口,尿道口,坐骨結(jié)節(jié),坐骨海綿體肌,陰道括約肌,會(huì)陰淺橫肌,肛提肌,臀大肌,肛門外括約肌,肛門,Levator ani,Superior fascia of pelvic diaphragm,Ischioanal (ischiorectal) fossa,rectum,inferior fascia of pelvic diaphragm,Anal canal,Obturator internus,Internal pudendal artery and vein,Sphincter ani externus,肛提肌,盆膈上筋膜,盆膈下筋膜,坐骨肛門窩,閉孔內(nèi)肌,直腸,肛門外括約肌,陰部管,陰部?jī)?nèi)動(dòng)靜脈,Levator ani,Superior fascia of pelvic diaphragm,rectum,Urethra of male,Obturator internus,coccygeus,piriformis,hiatus of pelvic diaphragm,肛提肌,尾骨肌,梨狀肌,閉孔內(nèi)肌,直腸,肛提肌腱弓,盆膈上筋膜,男尿道,盆膈裂孔,Deep transverse muscle of perineum,pelvic diaphragm,Ischioanal fossa,Superior fascia of urogenital diaphragm,Superficial fascia of perineum,Obturator internus,inferior fascia of urogenital diaphragm,Urinary bladder,Urethra,Bulb of urethra,肛提肌,盆膈下筋膜,盆膈上筋膜,尿生殖膈下筋膜,尿生殖膈上筋膜,會(huì)陰深橫肌,坐骨肛門窩,尿道球,會(huì)陰淺隙,淺會(huì)陰筋膜,vagina,Orifice of vagina,Levator ani,Deep transverse muscle of perineum,Superior fascia of pelvic diaphragm,Ischioanal (ischiorectal) fossa,Superior fascia of urogenital diaphragm,Superficial fascia of perineum,urerus,陰道,尿生殖膈上筋膜,會(huì)陰深橫肌,尿生殖膈下筋膜,坐骨肛門窩,前庭球,淺會(huì)陰筋膜,會(huì)陰淺隙,陰道口,陰道前庭,The pelvic diaphragm (盆膈) is formed by the levator ani, coccygeus together with the superior and inferior fasciae of pelvic diaphragm.,The ischioanal (ischiorectal) fossa(坐骨肛門窩) is located between anus and ischial tuberosity. The lateral wall of the fossa is formed by obturator internus and the fascia of obturator, the medial wall is formed by the levator ani and,inferior fascia of pelvic diaphragm. The anterior boundary of the fossa is the posterior border of urogenital diaphragm, the posterior boun